RabbitCore RCM3900
C-Programmable Core Module
with microSD™ Card Storage and Ethernet
User’s Manual
019–0164_F
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
Part Number 019-0164_F • Printed in U.S.A.
©2008-2010 Digi International Inc. • All rights reserved.
Digi International reserves the right to make changes and
improvements to its products without providing notice.
Trademarks
Rabbit and Dynamic C are registered trademarks of Digi International Inc.
Rabbit 3000 and RabbitCore are trademarks of Digi International Inc.
SD and microSD are trademarks of the SD Card Association.
The latest revision of this manual is available on the Rabbit Web site, www.rabbit.com,
for free, unregistered download.
Rabbit Semiconductor Inc.
www.rabbit.com
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1. Introduction
6
1.1 RCM3900 Features ...............................................................................................................................6
1.2 Comparing the RCM3365/RCM3375 and the RCM3900/RCM3910 ..................................................9
1.3 Advantages of the RCM3900 .............................................................................................................10
1.4 Development and Evaluation Tools....................................................................................................11
1.4.1 Development Kit .........................................................................................................................11
1.4.2 Software ......................................................................................................................................12
1.4.3 Connectivity Interface Kits .........................................................................................................12
1.4.4 Online Documentation ................................................................................................................12
Chapter 2. Getting Started
13
2.1 Install Dynamic C ...............................................................................................................................13
2.2 Hardware Connections........................................................................................................................14
2.2.1 Step 1 — Attach Module to Prototyping Board..........................................................................14
2.2.2 Step 2 — Connect Programming Cable......................................................................................15
2.2.3 Connect Power ............................................................................................................................16
2.3 Starting Dynamic C ............................................................................................................................17
2.4 Run a Sample Program .......................................................................................................................17
2.4.1 Troubleshooting ..........................................................................................................................17
2.5 Where Do I Go From Here? ...............................................................................................................18
2.5.1 Technical Support .......................................................................................................................18
Chapter 3. Running Sample Programs
19
3.1 Introduction.........................................................................................................................................19
3.2 Sample Programs ................................................................................................................................20
3.2.1 Use of NAND Flash (RCM3900 only) .......................................................................................21
3.2.2 Use of microSD™ Cards.............................................................................................................23
3.2.3 Serial Communication.................................................................................................................23
3.2.4 Real-Time Clock .........................................................................................................................25
3.2.5 Other Sample Programs ..............................................................................................................25
Chapter 4. Hardware Reference
26
4.1 RCM3900 Inputs and Outputs ............................................................................................................27
4.1.1 Memory I/O Interface .................................................................................................................32
4.1.2 LEDs ...........................................................................................................................................32
4.1.3 Other Inputs and Outputs ............................................................................................................32
4.2 Serial Communication ........................................................................................................................33
4.2.1 Serial Ports ..................................................................................................................................33
4.2.2 Ethernet Port ...............................................................................................................................34
4.2.3 Serial Programming Port.............................................................................................................35
4.3 Serial Programming Cable..................................................................................................................36
4.3.1 Changing Between Program Mode and Run Mode ....................................................................36
4.3.2 Standalone Operation of the RCM3900......................................................................................37
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4.4 Memory...............................................................................................................................................38
4.4.1 SRAM .........................................................................................................................................38
4.4.2 Flash EPROM .............................................................................................................................38
4.4.3 NAND Flash (RCM3900 only)...................................................................................................38
4.4.4 microSD™ Cards ........................................................................................................................39
4.5 Other Hardware...................................................................................................................................42
4.5.1 Clock Doubler .............................................................................................................................42
4.5.2 Spectrum Spreader ......................................................................................................................42
Chapter 5. Software Reference
43
5.1 More About Dynamic C .....................................................................................................................43
5.1.1 Developing Programs Remotely with Dynamic C......................................................................45
5.2 Dynamic C Functions ........................................................................................................................46
5.2.1 Digital I/O ...................................................................................................................................46
5.2.2 SRAM Use ..................................................................................................................................46
5.2.3 Serial Communication Drivers....................................................................................................47
5.2.4 TCP/IP Drivers............................................................................................................................47
5.2.5 NAND Flash Drivers ..................................................................................................................47
5.2.6 microSD™ Card Drivers.............................................................................................................48
5.2.7 Prototyping Board Function Calls...............................................................................................49
5.2.7.1 Board Initialization............................................................................................................. 49
5.2.7.2 Digital I/O .......................................................................................................................... 50
5.2.7.3 Switches, LEDs, and Relay ................................................................................................ 52
5.2.7.4 Serial Communication........................................................................................................ 55
5.3 Upgrading Dynamic C ........................................................................................................................56
5.3.1 Extras ..........................................................................................................................................56
Chapter 6. Using the TCP/IP Features
57
6.1 TCP/IP Connections ...........................................................................................................................57
6.2 TCP/IP Primer on IP Addresses..........................................................................................................59
6.2.1 IP Addresses Explained ..............................................................................................................61
6.2.2 How IP Addresses are Used........................................................................................................62
6.2.3 Dynamically Assigned Internet Addresses .................................................................................63
6.3 Placing Your Device on the Network .................................................................................................64
6.4 Running TCP/IP Sample Programs ....................................................................................................65
6.4.1 How to Set IP Addresses in the Sample Programs .....................................................................66
6.4.2 How to Set Up your Computer for Direct Connect ....................................................................67
6.5 Run the PINGME.C Sample Program ................................................................................................68
6.6 Running Additional Sample Programs With Direct Connect .............................................................68
6.6.1 RabbitWeb Sample Programs .....................................................................................................69
6.7 Where Do I Go From Here? ...............................................................................................................70
Appendix A. RCM3900 Specifications
71
A.1 Electrical and Mechanical Characteristics .........................................................................................72
A.1.1 Headers.......................................................................................................................................76
A.2 Bus Loading .......................................................................................................................................77
A.3 Rabbit 3000 DC Characteristics.........................................................................................................80
A.4 I/O Buffer Sourcing and Sinking Limit .............................................................................................81
A.5 Conformal Coating.............................................................................................................................82
A.6 Jumper Configurations.......................................................................................................................83
Appendix B. Prototyping Board
85
B.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................................................86
B.1.1 Prototyping Board Features........................................................................................................87
B.2 Mechanical Dimensions and Layout ..................................................................................................89
B.3 Power Supply .....................................................................................................................................91
B.4 Using the Prototyping Board..............................................................................................................92
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B.4.1 Adding Other Components.........................................................................................................93
B.4.2 Digital I/O...................................................................................................................................94
B.4.2.1 Digital Inputs ..................................................................................................................... 94
B.4.3 CMOS Digital Outputs...............................................................................................................95
B.4.4 Sinking Digital Outputs..............................................................................................................95
B.4.5 Relay Outputs .............................................................................................................................95
B.4.6 Serial Communication................................................................................................................96
B.4.6.1 RS-232 ............................................................................................................................... 97
B.4.6.2 RS-485 ............................................................................................................................... 98
B.4.7 RabbitNet Port ............................................................................................................................99
B.4.8 Other Prototyping Board Modules ...........................................................................................100
B.4.9 Quadrature Decoder .................................................................................................................100
B.4.10 Stepper-Motor Control ...........................................................................................................100
B.5 Prototyping Board Jumper Configurations ......................................................................................102
B.6 Use of Rabbit 3000 Parallel Ports ....................................................................................................104
Appendix C. LCD/Keypad Module
106
C.1 Specifications ...................................................................................................................................106
C.2 Contrast Adjustments for All Boards ...............................................................................................108
C.3 Keypad Labeling ..............................................................................................................................109
C.4 Header Pinouts .................................................................................................................................110
C.4.1 I/O Address Assignments .........................................................................................................110
C.5 Mounting LCD/Keypad Module on the Prototyping Board ............................................................111
C.6 Bezel-Mount Installation..................................................................................................................112
C.6.1 Connect the LCD/Keypad Module to Your Prototyping Board...............................................114
C.7 Sample Programs .............................................................................................................................115
C.8 LCD/Keypad Module Function Calls ..............................................................................................116
C.8.1 LCD/Keypad Module Initialization..........................................................................................116
C.8.2 LEDs.........................................................................................................................................117
C.8.3 LCD Display.............................................................................................................................118
C.8.4 Keypad......................................................................................................................................154
Appendix D. Power Supply
161
D.1 Power Supplies.................................................................................................................................161
D.1.1 Battery Backup.........................................................................................................................161
D.1.2 Battery-Backup Circuit ............................................................................................................162
D.1.3 Reset Generator ........................................................................................................................163
Index
164
Schematics
168
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1. INTRODUCTION
The RCM3900 RabbitCore modules feature a compact module that incorporates the latest
revision of the powerful Rabbit® 3000 microprocessor, flash memory, onboard mass storage
(NAND flash), static RAM, digital I/O ports, and removable (“hot-swappable”) memory
cards. The RCM3900 RabbitCore modules both have an integrated 10/100Base-T Ethernet
port, and provide for LAN and Internet-enabled systems to be built as easily as serial-communication systems.
A Development Kit provides the essentials that you need to design your own microprocessor-based system, and includes a complete Dynamic C software development system. The
Development Kit also contains a Prototyping Board that will allow you to evaluate the
RCM3900 module and to prototype circuits that interface to the module. You will also be
able to write and test software for the RCM3900 modules.
Throughout this manual, the term RCM3900 refers to the complete series of RCM3900
RabbitCore modules unless other production models are referred to specifically.
The RCM3900 has a Rabbit 3000 microprocessor operating at 44.2 MHz, a fast programexecution SRAM, data SRAM, flash memory, two clocks (main oscillator and real-time
clock), and the circuitry necessary for reset and management of battery backup of the
Rabbit 3000’s internal real-time clock and the data SRAM. Two 34-pin headers bring out
the Rabbit 3000 I/O bus lines, parallel ports, and serial ports.
The RCM3900 receives its +3.3 V power from the customer-supplied motherboard on
which it is mounted. The RCM3900 can interface with all kinds of CMOS-compatible
digital devices through the motherboard.
The RCM3900’s mass-storage capabilities make it suited to running the optional Dynamic C
FAT file system module where data are stored and handled using the same directory file
structure commonly used on PCs. A removable microSD™ Card can be hot-swapped to
transfer data quickly and easily using a standardized file system that can be read away
from the RCM3900 installation.
1.1 RCM3900 Features
• Small size: 1.85" x 2.73" x 0.86"
(47 mm x 69 mm x 22 mm)
• Microprocessor: latest revision of Rabbit 3000 running at 44.2 MHz
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• 10/100Base-T auto MDI/MDIX Ethernet port chooses Ethernet interface automatically
based on whether a crossover cable or a straight-through cable is used in a particular
setup
• 52 parallel 5 V tolerant I/O lines: 44 configurable for I/O, 4 fixed inputs, 4 fixed outputs
• Three additional digital inputs, two additional digital outputs
• External reset
• External I/O bus can be configured for 8 data lines and 5 address lines (shared with
parallel I/O lines), I/O read/write
• Ten 8-bit timers (six cascadable) and one 10-bit timer with two match registers
• 512K flash memory, 512K program execution SRAM, 512K data SRAM
• Fixed and hot-swappable mass-storage memory options, which may be used with the
standardized directory structure supported by the Dynamic C FAT File System module.
• Real-time clock
• Watchdog supervisor
• Provision for customer-supplied backup battery via connections on header J62
• 10-bit free-running PWM counter and four pulse-width registers
• Two-channel Input Capture (shared with parallel I/O ports) can be used to time input
signals from various port pins
• Two-channel Quadrature Decoder accepts inputs from external incremental encoder
modules
• Five or six 3.3 V CMOS-compatible serial ports with a maximum asynchronous baud
rate of 5.525 Mbps. Three ports are configurable as a clocked serial port (SPI), and two
ports are configurable as SDLC/HDLC serial ports (shared with parallel I/O ports).
• Supports 1.15 Mbps IrDA transceiver
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There are two RCM3900 production models. Table 1 below summarizes their main
features.
Table 1. RCM3900 Features
Feature
RCM3900
Microprocessor
Rabbit 3000 running at 44.2 MHz
SRAM
512K program (fast SRAM) + 512K data
Flash Memory
(program)
Mass Data
Storage
Serial Ports
RCM3910
512K
32MB (fixed NAND flash)
+ 128MB–1GB microSD™
Card
128MB–1GB microSD™ Card
6 shared high-speed, 3.3 V CMOS-compatible ports:
• all 6 are configurable as asynchronous serial ports;
• 4 are configurable as a clocked serial port (SPI) and 1 is
configurable as an HDLC serial port;
• option for second HDLC serial port at the expense of 2 clocked
serial ports (SPI)
The RCM3900 is programmed over a standard PC serial port through a USB programming
cable supplied with the Development Kit, and can also be programmed directly over an
Ethernet link using the Dynamic C download manager with or without a RabbitLink.
Appendix A provides detailed specifications for the RCM3900.
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1.2 Comparing the RCM3365/RCM3375 and the RCM3900/RCM3910
• Temperature Specifications — We can no longer obtain certain components for the
RCM3365/RCM3375 RabbitCore modules that support the -40°C to +70°C temperature
range. RCM3365/RCM3375 RabbitCore modules manufactured after May, 2008, are
specified to operate at 0°C to +70°C. The RCM3900/RCM3910, rated for -20°C to
+85°C, are available after May, 2008.
• Removable Mass Storage — The hot-swappable xD-Picture Card™ mass storage
device with up to 128MB of memory has been replaced with the SD Card with up to
1GB of memory. The SD Card is more readily available today, and is expected to
remain readily available for a long time. In addition, SD Cards provide a significantly
larger memory capacity, which has been requested by customers. The trade-off for the
larger memory capacity is that the data transfer rate to/from the SD Card is about an
order of magnitude slower than to/from the xD-Picture Card.
NOTE: RCM3365/RCM3375 RabbitCore modules may eventually be discontinued
because of changes to the xD-Picture Card™. The miniSD™ Card card initially used
with the RCM3900 series has since been replaced by the microSD™ Card. Aside
from using a different sized memory card, the boards function the same.
• Serial Ports — Serial Port B, available as either a clocked serial port or an asynchronous serial port on the RCM3365/RCM3375, is used by the RCM3900/RCM3910 as a
clocked serial peripheral interface (SPI) for the microSD™ Card, and is not brought out
for customer use.
• General-Purpose I/O — PD2, a configurable I/O pin on the RCM3365/RCM3375, is
used to detect whether the microSD™ Card is installed on the RCM3900/RCM3910,
and so PD2 is not brought out for customer use on the RCM3900/RCM3910.
• Maximum Current — The RCM3365/RCM3375 draws 250 mA vs. the 325 mA
required by the RCM3900/RCM3910.
• LEDs — The SPEED and user (USR/BSY)LED locations have been swapped between
the RCM3365/RCM3375 and the RCM3900/RCM3910, the LNK/ACT LEDs have
been combined to one LED on the RCM3900/RCM3910, and the RCM3900/RCM3910
has an FDX/COL LED instead of the FM LED on the RCM3365/RCM3375. The LED
placements on the boards remain unchanged.
• Ethernet chip — A different Ethernet controller chip is used on the RCM3900. The
Ethernet chip is able to detect automatically whether a crossover cable or a straightthrough cable is being used in a particular setup, and will configure the signals on the
Ethernet jack interface.
• Dynamic C — As long as no low-level FAT file system calls or direct xD-Picture Card
access calls to the NFLASH.LIB library were used in your application developed for the
RCM3365/RCM3375, you may run that application on the RCM3900/RCM3910 after
you recompile it using Dynamic C v. 9.62.
NOTE: The Dynamic C RabbitSys option for programming an RCM3365 over an
Ethernet link is not supported for the RCM3900.
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1.3 Advantages of the RCM3900
• Fast time to market using a fully engineered, “ready-to-run/ready-to-program” microprocessor core.
• Competitive pricing when compared with the alternative of purchasing and assembling
individual components.
• Easy C-language program development and debugging
• Program download utility (Rabbit Field Utility) and cloning board options for rapid
production loading of programs.
• Generous memory size allows large programs with tens of thousands of lines of code,
and substantial data storage.
• Integrated Ethernet port for network connectivity, with royalty-free TCP/IP software.
• Ideal for network-enabling security and access systems, home automation, HVAC
systems, and industrial controls.
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1.4 Development and Evaluation Tools
1.4.1 Development Kit
The Development Kit contains the hardware and software needed to use the RCM3900.
• RCM3900 module.
• Prototyping Board.
• 1 GB microSD™ Card with SD Card adapter.
• Universal AC adapter, 12 V DC, 1 A (includes Canada/Japan/U.S., Australia/N.Z., U.K.,
and European style plugs).
• USB programming cable with 10-pin header.
• Dynamic C CD-ROM, with complete product documentation on disk.
• Getting Started instructions.
• Accessory parts for use on the Prototyping Board.
• Screwdriver and Cat. 5 Ethernet cables.
• Rabbit 3000 Processor Easy Reference poster.
• Registration card.
Programming
Cable
TM
microSD Card
and SD Card Adapter
Universal
AC Adapter
with Plugs
Screwdriver
Ethernet
Cables
Accessory Parts for
Prototyping Board
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
t
set up.exe
Getting Started
Instructions
Prototyping Board
Figure 1. RCM3900 Development Kit
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1.4.2 Software
The RCM3900 is programmed using version 9.62 of Dynamic C. A compatible version is
included on the Development Kit CD-ROM. This version of Dynamic C includes the popular µC/OS-II real-time operating system, point-to-point protocol (PPP), FAT file system,
RabbitWeb, and other select libraries.
Rabbit also offers the Rabbit Embedded Security Pack featuring the Secure Sockets Layer
(SSL) and a specific Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) library. In addition to the Webbased technical support included at no extra charge, a one-year telephone-based technical
support subscription is also available for purchase. Visit our Web site at www.rabbit.com
for further information and complete documentation, or contact your Rabbit sales
representative or authorized distributor.
1.4.3 Connectivity Interface Kits
Rabbit has available a Connector Adapter Board to allow you to use the RCM3900 with
header sockets that have a 0.1" pitch.
• Connector Adapter Board (Part No. 151-0114)—allows you to plug the RCM3900
whose headers have a 2 mm pitch into header sockets with a 0.1" pitch.
Visit our Web site at www.rabbit.com or contact your Rabbit sales representative or authorized distributor for further information.
1.4.4 Online Documentation
The online documentation is installed along with Dynamic C, and an icon for the documentation menu is placed on the workstation’s desktop. Double-click this icon to reach the
menu. If the icon is missing, use your browser to find and load default.htm in the docs
folder, found in the Dynamic C installation folder.
Each Dynamic C module has complete documentation available with the online documentation described above.
The latest versions of all documents are always available for free, unregistered download
from our Web sites as well.
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2. GETTING STARTED
This chapter describes the RCM3900 hardware in more detail, and explains how to set up
and use the accompanying Prototyping Board.
NOTE: It is assumed that you have the RCM3900 Development Kit. If you purchased an
RCM3900 module by itself, you will have to adapt the information in this chapter and
elsewhere to your test and development setup.
2.1 Install Dynamic C
To develop and debug programs for the RCM3900 (and for all other Rabbit hardware), you
must install and use Dynamic C.
If you have not yet installed Dynamic C, do so now by inserting the Dynamic C CD from
the RCM3900 Development Kit in your PC’s CD-ROM drive. If autorun is enabled, the
CD installation will begin automatically.
If autorun is disabled or the installation otherwise does not start, use the Windows
Start | Run menu or Windows Explorer to launch setup.exe from the root folder of the
CD-ROM.
The installation program will guide you through the installation process. Most steps of the
process are self-explanatory.
Dynamic C uses a COM (serial) port to communicate with the target development system.
The installation allows you to choose the COM port that will be used. The default selection is COM1. Select any available USB port for Dynamic C’s use. This selection can be
changed later within Dynamic C.
NOTE: The installation utility does not check the selected COM port in any way. Specifying a port in use by another device (mouse, modem, etc.) may lead to a message such
as "could not open serial port" when Dynamic C is started.
Once your installation is complete, you will have up to three icons on your PC desktop.
One icon is for Dynamic C, one opens the documentation menu, and the third is for the
Rabbit Field Utility, a tool used to download precompiled software to a target system.
If you plan to use the optional Dynamic C Rabbit Embedded Security Pack, install it after
installing Dynamic C. You must install the Rabbit Embedded Security Pack in the same
directory where Dynamic C was installed.
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2.2 Hardware Connections
There are three steps to setting up the Prototyping Board:
1. Attach the RCM3900 module to the Prototyping Board.
2. Connect the serial programming cable between the RCM3900 and the workstation PC.
3. Connect the power supply to the Prototyping Board.
2.2.1 Step 1 — Attach Module to Prototyping Board
Turn the RCM3900 module so that the Ethernet jack is facing the direction shown in
Figure 2 below. Align the pins from headers J61 and J62 on the bottom side of the module
into header sockets JA and JB on the Prototyping Board. The microSD™ Card does not
have to be inserted into connector J2 on the RCM3900 at this time—there is a protective
spacer insert that you simply pull out before inserting a microSD™ Card for the first time.
RCM3900
Do not press down
here or on
microSD Card holder
CAUTION: You will sense a soft click
once you insert the microSD™ Card
completely. To remove it, gently press
the card towards the middle of the
RCM3900 — you will sense a soft click
and the card will be ready to be removed.
Do not attempt to pull the card from the
socket before pressing it in — otherwise
the ejection mechanism will get damaged. The ejection mechanism is springloaded, and will partially eject the card
when used correctly.
Figure 2. Install the RCM3900 Series on the Prototyping Board
NOTE: It is important that you line up the pins on headers J61 and J62 of the RCM3900
module exactly with the corresponding pins of header sockets JA and JB on the Prototyping Board. The header pins may become bent or damaged if the pin alignment is offset, and the module will not work. Permanent electrical damage to the module may also
result if a misaligned module is powered up.
Press the module’s pins firmly into the Prototyping Board header sockets—press down in
the area above the header pins using your thumbs or fingers over the header pins as shown
in Figure 2. Do not press down on the microSD™ Card connector (J2) even if the
microSD™ Card is installed, but rather press down on the circuit board along the edge by
the connector. Also, do not press down on the middle of the module to avoid flexing the
module, which could damage the module or components on the module.
Should you need to remove the module, grasp it with your fingers along the sides by the
connectors and gently work the module up to pull the pins away from the sockets where
they are installed. Do not remove the module by grasping it at the top and bottom.
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2.2.2 Step 2 — Connect Programming Cable
The programming cable connects the RCM3900 to the PC running Dynamic C to download programs and to monitor the RCM3900 module during debugging.
Connect the 10-pin connector of the programming cable labeled PROG to header J1 on
the RCM3900 as shown in Figure 3. There is a small dot on the circuit board next to pin 1
of header J1. Be sure to orient the marked (usually red) edge of the cable towards pin 1 of
the connector. (Do not use the DIAG connector, which is used for a nonprogramming
serial connection.)
Figure 3. Connect Programming Cable and Power Supply
Connect the other end of the programming cable to an available USB port on your PC or
workstation. Your PC should recognize the new USB hardware, and the LEDs in the
shrink-wrapped area of the USB programming cable will flash.
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2.2.3 Connect Power
When all other connections have been made, you can connect power to the Prototyping
Board.
First, prepare the AC adapter for the country where it will be used by selecting the plug.
The RCM3900 Development Kit presently includes Canada/Japan/U.S., Australia/N.Z.,
U.K., and European style plugs. Snap in the top of the plug assembly into the slot at the
top of the AC adapter as shown in Figure 3, then press down on the spring-loaded clip
below the plug assembly to allow the plug assembly to click into place.
Connect the AC adapter to 3-pin header J2 on the Prototyping Board as shown in Figure 3.
Plug in the AC adapter. The red CORE LED on the Prototyping Board should light up. The
RCM3900 and the Prototyping Board are now ready to be used.
NOTE: A RESET button is provided on the Prototyping Board to allow a hardware reset
without disconnecting power.
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2.3 Starting Dynamic C
Once the RCM3900 is connected as described in the preceding pages, start Dynamic C by
double-clicking on the Dynamic C icon on your desktop or in your Start menu. Dynamic C
uses the serial port specified during installation. Select Code and BIOS in Flash, Run in
RAM on the “Compiler” tab in the Dynamic C Options > Project Options menu. Then
click on the “Communications” tab and verify that Use USB to Serial Converter is
selected to support the USB programming cable. Click OK.
This program shows that the CPU is working. The sample program described in
Section 6.5, “Run the PINGME.C Sample Program,” tests the TCP/IP portion of the board.
2.4 Run a Sample Program
Use the File menu to open the sample program PONG.C, which is in the Dynamic C
SAMPLES folder. Press function key F9 to compile and run the program. The STDIO
window will open on your PC and will display a small square bouncing around in a box.
2.4.1 Troubleshooting
If Dynamic C cannot find the target system (error message "No Rabbit Processor
Detected."):
• Check that the RCM3900 is powered correctly — the red CORE LED on the Prototyping Board should be lit when the RCM3900 is mounted on the Prototyping Board and
the AC adapter is plugged in.
• Check both ends of the programming cable to ensure that they are firmly plugged into
the PC and the PROG connector, not the DIAG connector, is plugged in to the programming port on the RCM3900 with the marked (colored) edge of the programming cable
towards pin 1 of the programming header.
• Ensure that the RCM3900 module is firmly and correctly installed in its connectors on
the Prototyping Board.
• Select a different COM port within Dynamic C. From the Options menu, select Project Options, then select another COM port from the list on the Communications tab,
then click OK. Press to force Dynamic C to recompile the BIOS.
• If you get an error message when you plugged the programming cable into a USB port,
you will have to install USB drivers. Drivers for Windows XP are available in the
Dynamic C Drivers\Rabbit USB Programming Cable\WinXP_2K folder —
double-click DPInst.exe to install the USB drivers. Drivers for other operating
systems are available online at www.ftdichip.com/Drivers/VCP.htm.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
17
If Dynamic C appears to compile the BIOS successfully, but you then receive a communication error message when you compile and load a sample program, it is possible that your
PC cannot handle the higher program-loading baud rate. Try changing the maximum
download rate to a slower baud rate as follows.
• Locate the Serial Options dialog on the “Communications” tab in the Dynamic C
Options > Project Options menu. Select a slower Max download baud rate. Click OK
to save.
If a program compiles and loads, but then loses target communication before you can
begin debugging, it is possible that your PC cannot handle the default debugging baud
rate. Try lowering the debugging baud rate as follows.
• Locate the Serial Options dialog in the Dynamic C Options > Project Options >
Communications menu. Choose a lower debug baud rate. Click OK to save.
Press to force Dynamic C to recompile the BIOS. The LEDs on the USB programming cable will blink and you should receive a Bios compiled successfully
message.
2.5 Where Do I Go From Here?
If the sample program ran fine, you are now ready to go on to other sample programs and to
develop your own applications. The source code for the sample programs is provided to allow
you to modify them for your own use. The RCM3900 User’s Manual also provides complete hardware reference information and describes the software function calls for the
RCM3900, the Prototyping Board, and the optional LCD/keypad module.
For advanced development topics, refer to the Dynamic C User’s Manual and the
Dynamic C TCP/IP User’s Manual, also in the online documentation set.
2.5.1 Technical Support
NOTE: If you purchased your RCM3900 through a distributor or through a Rabbit partner,
contact the distributor or partner first for technical support.
If there are any problems at this point:
• Use the Dynamic C Help menu to get further assistance with Dynamic C.
• Check the Rabbit Technical Bulletin Board and forums at www.rabbit.com/support/bb/
and at www.rabbit.com/forums/.
• Use the Technical Support e-mail form at www.rabbit.com/support/.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
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3. RUNNING SAMPLE PROGRAMS
To develop and debug programs for the RCM3900 (and for all other Rabbit hardware),
you must install and use Dynamic C.
3.1 Introduction
To help familiarize you with the RCM3900 modules, Dynamic C includes several sample
programs. Loading, executing and studying these programs will give you a solid hands-on
overview of the RCM3900’s capabilities, as well as a quick start with Dynamic C as an
application development tool.
NOTE: The sample programs assume that you have at least an elementary grasp of the C
programming language. If you do not, see the introductory pages of the Dynamic C
User’s Manual for a suggested reading list.
In order to run the sample programs discussed in this chapter and elsewhere in this manual,
1. Your RCM3900 must be plugged in to the Prototyping Board as described in Chapter 2,
“Getting Started.”
2. Dynamic C must be installed and running on your PC.
3. The programming cable must connect the programming header (J1) on the RCM3900
to your PC.
4. Power must be applied to the RCM3900 through the Prototyping Board.
Refer to Chapter 2, “Getting Started,” if you need further information on these steps.
Since the RCM3900 runs at 44.2 MHz and is equipped with a fast program execution
SRAM, remember to allow the compiler to run the application in the fast program execution SRAM by selecting Code and BIOS in Flash, Run in RAM from the Dynamic C
Options > Project Options > Compiler menu.
To run a sample program, open it with the File menu, then compile and run it by pressing
F9.
Complete information on Dynamic C is provided in the Dynamic C User’s Manual.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
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3.2 Sample Programs
Of the many sample programs included with Dynamic C, several are specific to the
RCM3900. Sample programs illustrating the general operation of the RCM3900, serial
communication, and the NAND flash are provided in the SAMPLES\RCM3900 folder. Each
sample program has comments that describe the purpose and function of the program.
Follow the instructions at the beginning of the sample program.
TCP/IP sample programs are described in Chapter 6, “Using the TCP/IP Features.” Sample
programs for the optional LCD/keypad module that is used on the RCM3900 Prototyping
Board are described in Appendix C.
• CONTROLLEDS.c—Demonstrates use of the digital outputs by having you turn the
LEDs on the Prototyping Board on or off from the STDIO window on your PC.
Once you compile and run CONTROLLEDS.C, the following display will appear in the
Dynamic C STDIO window.
Press “3” or “4” or “5”or “6” or “7”on your keyboard to select LED DS3 or DS4 or
DS5 or DS6 on the Prototyping Board or the USR LED on the RCM3900. Then follow
the prompt in the Dynamic C STDIO window to turn the LED on or off.
• FLASHLEDS.c—Demonstrates assembly-language program by flashing the USR LED
on the RCM3900 and LEDs DS3, DS4, DS5, and DS6 on the Prototyping Board.
• SWRELAY.c—Demonstrates the relay-switching function call using the relay installed
on the Prototyping Board by toggling the relay output state via the Dynamic C STDIO
window.
• TOGGLESWITCH.c—Uses costatements (cooperative multitasking) to detect switches
S2 and S3 using debouncing. The corresponding LEDs (DS3 and DS4) will turn on or
off.
Once you have loaded and executed these four programs and have an understanding of
how Dynamic C and the RCM3900 modules interact, you can move on and try the other
sample programs, or begin building your own.
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3.2.1 Use of NAND Flash (RCM3900 only)
The following sample programs can be found in the SAMPLES\RCM3900\NANDFlash folder.
NOTE: These sample programs cannot be run on the RCM3910, which does not have
NAND flash installed.
• NFLASH_DUMP.C—This program is a utility for dumping the nonerased contents of a
NAND flash chip to the Dynamic C STDIO window, and the contents may be redirected to a serial port.
When the sample program starts running, it attempts to communicate with the NAND
flash chip. If this communication is successful and the main page size is acceptable, the
nonerased page contents (non 0xFF) from the NAND flash page are dumped to the
Dynamic C STDIO window.
Note that an error message might appear when the first 32 pages (0x20 pages) are
“dumped.” You may ignore the error message.
• NFLASH_ERASE.C—This program is a utility for erasing all the good blocks of a
NAND flash device.
When the sample program starts running, it attempts to initialize the onboard NAND
flash chip. If this initialization is successful, the progress of the blocks being erased is
reported in the Dynamic C STDIO window.
• NFLASH_INSPECT.C—This program is a utility for inspecting the contents of a NAND
flash chip. When the sample program starts running, it attempts to initialize the onboard
NAND flash chip. If this initialization is successful, the user can execute various commands to print out the contents of a specified page, clear (set to zero) all the bytes in a
specified page, erase (set to FF), or write a specified value or count pattern to specified
pages.
When you run this sample program, setting the NFLASH_USEERASEBLOCKSIZE
macro to (0) zero makes the NAND flash driver use smaller (512-byte) chunks of data,
which are less tedious to manage in this program than the alternative larger (16K)
chunks of data. However, using smaller chunks of data means more NAND flash block
erases are required to update all the program pages in an erased block, one per program
page written. In contrast, updating all the program pages in an erased block can require
only a single block erase when all of the program pages within the erase block are
treated as a single large page. See the nf_initDevice() function help for more
information.
• NFLASH_LOG.C—This program runs a simple Web server that stores a log of hits in
the NAND flash. This log can be viewed and cleared from a Web browser by connecting the RJ-45 jack on the RCM3900 to your PC as described in Section 6.1. The sidebar
on the next page explains how to set up your PC or notebook to view this log.
Before you compile and run this sample program, make any configuration changes to
match your requirements. Once you are viewing the results in a Web browser, click the
“Source code” link on the Web page to see this sample program’s #ximported file
content.
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Note that this sample program does not use the optimum method of writing to the
NAND flash. The inefficiency resulting from the small amount of data written in each
append operation is offset somewhat by the expected relative infrequency of these
writes, and by the sample program’s method of “walking” through the flash blocks
when appending data as well as when a log is cleared.
There is little difference in the number of NAND flash block erase operations regardless of whether the NFLASH_USEERASEBLOCKSIZE macro to 0 (zero) or 1 (one). It is
slightly more efficient to have the NAND flash driver use larger (16K) chunks of data.
See the nf_initDevice() function help for more information.
Follow these instructions to set up your PC or notebook. Check with your administrator if you are unable to change the settings as described here since you may need
administrator privileges. The instructions are specifically for Windows 2000, but the
interface is similar for other versions of Windows.
TIP: If you are using a PC that is already on a network, you will disconnect the PC
from that network to run these sample programs. Write down the existing settings
before changing them to facilitate restoring them when you are finished with the
sample programs and reconnect your PC to the network.
1. Go to the control panel (Start > Settings > Control Panel), and then double-click
the Network icon.
2. Select the network interface card used for the Ethernet interface you intend to use
(e.g., TCP/IP Xircom Credit Card Network Adapter) and click on the “Properties” button. Depending on which version of Windows your PC is running, you may
have to select the “Local Area Connection” first, and then click on the “Properties”
button to bring up the Ethernet interface dialog. Then “Configure” your interface
card for a “10Base-T Half-Duplex” or an “Auto-Negotiation” connection on the
“Advanced” tab.
NOTE: Your network interface card will likely have a different name.
3. Now select the IP Address tab, and check Specify an IP Address, or select TCP/IP
and click on “Properties” to assign an IP address to your computer (this will disable
“obtain an IP address automatically”):
IP Address : 10.10.6.101
Netmask : 255.255.255.0
Default gateway : 10.10.6.1
4. Click or to exit the various dialog boxes.
As long as you have not modified the TCPCONFIG 1 macro in the sample program,
enter the following server address in your Web browser to bring up the Web page
served by the sample program.
http://10.10.6.100
Otherwise use the TCP/IP settings you entered in the LIB\TCPIP\TCP_CONFIG.LIB
library.
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3.2.2 Use of microSD™ Cards
The following sample program can be found in the SAMPLES\RCM3900\SD_Flash folder.
• SDFLASH_INSPECT.C—This program is a utility for inspecting the contents of a
microSD™ Card. When the sample program starts running, it attempts to initialize the
microSD™ Card on Serial Port B. The following five commands are displayed in the
Dynamic C STDIO window if a microSD™ Card is found:
p — print out the contents of a specified page on the microSD™ Card
r — print out the contents of a range of pages on the microSD™ Card
c — clear (set to zero) all of the bytes in a specified page
f — sets all bytes on the specified page to the given value
t — write user-specified text to a selected page
The sample program prints out a single line for a page if all bytes in the page are set to
the same value. Otherwise it prints a hex/ASCII dump of the page.
This utility works with the microSD™ Card at its lowest level, and writing to pages
will likely make the microSD™ Card unreadable by a PC. For PC compatibility, you
must use the Dynamic C FAT file system module, which allows you to work with files
on the microSD™ Card in a way that they will be PC-compatible.
• SDFLASH_LOG.C—This program demonstrates a simple Web server that stores a log
of hits in the microSD™ Card’s data flash. This log can be viewed and cleared from a
Web browser—see the NFLASH_LOG.C sample program for information on how to
access the Web page and configure your PC or workstation.
3.2.3 Serial Communication
The following sample programs can be found in the SAMPLES\RCM3900\SERIAL folder.
• FLOWCONTROL.C—This program demonstrates hardware flow control by configuring
Serial Port F for CTS/RTS with serial data coming from TxE (Serial Port E) at 115,200 bps.
One character at a time is received and is displayed in the STDIO window.
To set up the Prototyping Board, you will need to tie
TxE and RxE together on the RS-232 header at J14,
and you will also tie TxF and RxF together as shown in
the diagram.
J14
TxE RxE GND TxF RxF 485+ GND 485
A repeating triangular pattern should print out in the
STDIO window. The program periodically switches RTS (TxF) flow control on or off to
demonstrate the effect of hardware flow control. You may use an oscilloscope to
observe the CTS/RTS signals to see flow control operating
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• PARITY.C—This program demonstrates the use of parity modes by repeatedly sending
byte values 0–127 from Serial Port E to Serial Port F. The program will switch between
generating parity or not on Serial Port E. Serial Port F will always be checking parity,
so parity errors should occur during every other sequence.
To set up the Prototyping Board, you will need to tie
TxE and RxF together on the RS-232 header at J14 as
shown in the diagram.
J14
The Dynamic C STDIO window will display the error
sequence.
TxE RxE GND TxF RxF 485+ GND 485
• SIMPLE3WIRE.C—This program demonstrates basic RS-232 serial communication.
Lower case characters are sent by TxE, and are received by RxF. The characters are
converted to upper case and are sent out by TxF, are received by RxE, and are displayed
in the Dynamic C STDIO window.
To set up the Prototyping Board, you will need to tie
TxE and RxF together on the RS-232 header at J14, and
you will also tie RxE and TxF together as shown in the
diagram.
J14
TxE RxE GND TxF RxF 485+ GND 485
• SIMPLE5WIRE.C—This program demonstrates 5-wire RS-232 serial communication
by providing flow control (RTS/CTS) on Serial Port F and data flow on Serial Port E.
To set up the Prototyping Board, you will need to tie
TxE and RxE together on the RS-232 header at J14,
and you will also tie TxF and RxF together as shown in
the diagram.
J14
TxE RxE GND TxF RxF 485+ GND 485
Once you have compiled and run this program, you can
test flow control by disconnecting TxF from RxF while the program is running. Characters will no longer appear in the STDIO window, and will display again once TxF is
connected back to RxF. (Do not disconnect the data path between TxE and RxE.)
• SWITCHCHAR.C—This program transmits and then receives an ASCII string on Serial
Ports E and F. It also displays the serial data received from both ports in the STDIO
window.
To set up the Prototyping Board, you will need to tie
TxE and RxF together on the RS-232 header at J14, and
you will also tie RxE and TxF together as shown in the
diagram.
J14
TxE RxE GND TxF RxF 485+ GND 485
Once you have compiled and run this program, press
and release S2 on the Prototyping Board to send a message from Serial Port E to Serial
Port F; press and release S3 on the Prototyping Board to send a message from Serial
Port F to Serial Port E. The data sent between the serial ports will be displayed in the
STDIO window.
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Two sample programs, SIMPLE485MASTER.C and SIMPLE485SLAVE.C, are available
to illustrate RS-485 master/slave communication. To run these sample programs, you will
need a second Rabbit-based system with RS-485—the second system may be another
RCM3900, or it may be any Rabbit single-board computer or RabbitCore module that supports RS-485 serial communication as long as you use the master or slave sample program
associated with that board.
Before running either of these sample programs on the RCM3900 assembly, make sure
pins 1–2 and pins 5–6 are jumpered together on header JP5 to use the RS-485 bias and termination resistors. The sample programs use Serial Port C as the RS-485 serial port, and
they use PD7 to enable/disable the RS-485 transmitter.
The RS-485 connections between the slave and master devices are as follows.
•
RS485+ to RS485+
•
RS485– to RS485–
•
GND to GND
• SIMPLE485MASTER.C—This program demonstrates a simple RS-485 transmission of
lower case letters to a slave. The slave will send back converted upper case letters back
to the master and display them in the STDIO window. Use SIMPLE485SLAVE.C to
program the slave—reset the slave before you run SIMPLE485MASTER.C on the
master.
• SIMPLE485SLAVE.C—This program demonstrates a simple RS-485 transmission of
lower case letters to a master. The slave will send back converted upper case letters
back to the master and display them in the STDIO window. Compile and run this program on the slave before you use SIMPLE485MASTER.C to program the master.
3.2.4 Real-Time Clock
If you plan to use the real-time clock functionality in your application, you will need to set
the real-time clock. Set the real-time clock using the Dynamic C SAMPLES\RTCLOCK\
SETRTCKB.C sample program by following the onscreen prompts. The Dynamic C
SAMPLES\RTCLOCK\RTC_TEST.C sample program provides additional examples of
how to read and set the real-time clock.
3.2.5 Other Sample Programs
Section 6.6 describes the TCP/IP sample programs, and Appendix C.7 provides sample
programs for the optional LCD/keypad module that can be installed on the Prototyping
Board.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
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4. HARDWARE REFERENCE
Chapter 4 describes the hardware components and principal hardware subsystems of the
RCM3900 modules. Appendix A, “RCM3900 Specifications,” provides complete physical
and electrical specifications.
Figure 4 shows the Rabbit-based subsystems designed into the RCM3900.
Ethernet
Fast SRAM
(program)
Data
SRAM
Program
Flash
microSDTM
Card
32 kHz 44.2 MHz
osc
osc
RABBIT
3000
Battery-Backup
Circuit
RabbitCore Module
Customer-specific
applications
CMOS-level signals
Level
converter
RS-232, RS-485
serial communication
drivers on motherboard
Customer-supplied
external 3 V battery
Figure 4. RCM3900 Subsystems
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
26
4.1 RCM3900 Inputs and Outputs
Figure 5 shows the RCM3900 pinouts for headers J61 and J62.
J61
GND
PA7
PA5
PA3
PA1
PF3
PF1
PC0
PC2
n.c./PC4
PC6-TxA
PG0
PG2
PD4
n.c.
PD6/TPI
LINK/n.c.
J62
STATUS
PA6
PA4
PA2
PA0
PF2
PF0
PC1
PC3
n.c./PC5
PC7-RxA
PG1
PG3
PD5
PD3/TPO+
PD7/TPI+
ACT/n.c.
/RES
PB2
PB4
PB6
PF4
PF6
PE7
PE5
PE3
PE0
PG6
PG4
/IORD
SMODE1
VRAM
+3.3 VIN
n.c.
n.c./PB0
PB3
PB5
PB7
PF5
PF7
PE6
PE4
PE1
PG7
PG5
/IOWR
SMODE0
/RESET_IN
VBAT_EXT
GND
GND
n.c. = not connected
Note: These pinouts are as seen on
the Bottom Side of the module.
Figure 5. RCM3900 Pinouts
The pinouts for the RCM3000, RCM3100, RCM3200, RCM3300/RCM3305/RCM3309/
RCM3319, RCM3360/RCM3370, RCM3365/RCM3375, and RCM3900 are almost compatible, except signals PB0, PC4, and PC5. are used for the SPI interface to the serial flash on the
RCM3305/RCM3309/RCM3315/RCM3319 and for the microSD™ Card on the RCM3900/
RCM3910, but are available on the other modules.
Headers J61 and J62 are standard 2 × 17 headers with a nominal 2 mm pitch. An RJ-45
Ethernet port is also included with the RCM3900.
Pins 29–32 on header J61 are configured using 0 resistors at locations JP9, JP10, JP7,
and JP8 to enable connections to PD2, PD3, PD6, and PD7 respectively. Note that there is
no 0 resistor at location JP9 since PD2/TPO– is not available on header J61. They may
also be reconfigured to carry the Ethernet signals TPO–, TPO+, TPI–, and TPI+, but this
capability is reserved for future use.
Pins 33 and 34 on header J61 are wired via 0 surface-mount resistors at JP2 and JP3 to
carry the ACT and LINK signals that illuminate the corresponding LEDs on the RCM3900
module. These pins may be “configured” to carry PD0 and PD1, an option that is reserved
for future use.
See Appendix A.6 for more information about the locations of these headers.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
27
Figure 6 shows the use of the Rabbit 3000 microprocessor ports in the RCM3900 modules.
PC0, PC2
PC1, PC3
PG2PG3
PG6PG7
PB1, PC6, STATUS
PC7, /RESET,
SMODE0, SMODE1
4 Ethernet signals
PA0PA7
PB0
PB2PB7
PD3PD7
Port A
Port B
Port D
RABBIT ®
(+Ethernet Port)
Port E
PE0PE1,
PE3PE7
Port F
PF0PF7
Port G
PG0PG1,
PG4PG5
Port C
(Serial Ports B, C & D)
Port G
3000
(Serial Ports E & F)
Programming
Port
(Serial Port A)
Ethernet
Port
RAM
Real-Time Clock
Watchdog
11 Timers
Slave Port
Clock Doubler
(+Serial Ports)
Misc. I/O
Backup Battery
Support
/RES
/RES
/IORD
/IOWR
Flash
Figure 6. Use of Rabbit 3000 Ports
The ports on the Rabbit 3000 microprocessor used in the RCM3900 are configurable, and
so the factory defaults can be reconfigured. Table 2 lists the Rabbit 3000 factory defaults
and the alternate configurations.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
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Table 2. RCM3900 Pinout Configurations
Header J61
Pin
*
Pin Name
1
GND
2
STATUS
Default Use
Alternate Use
Output (Status)
Output
Notes
3–10
PA[7:0]
Parallel I/O
External data bus
(ID0–ID7)
Slave port data bus
(SD0–SD7)
11
PF3
Input/Output
QD2A
12
PF2
Input/Output
QD2B
13
PF1
Input/Output
QD1A
CLKC
14
PF0
Input/Output
QD1B
CLKD
15
PC0
Output
TXD
16
PC1
Input
RXD
17
PC2
Output
TXC
18
PC3
Input
RXC
19
PC4
Output
TXB
20
PC5
Input
RXB
21
PC6
Output
TXA
22
PC7
Input
RXA
Serial Port A
(programming port)
23
PG0
Input/Output
TCLKF
Serial Clock F output
24
PG1
Input/Output
RCLKF
Serial Clock F input
25
PG2
Input/Output
TXF
26
PG3
Input/Output
RXF
27
PD4
Input/Output
ATXB
28
PD5
Input/Output
ARXB
29
not connected —
—
30
PD3/TPO+
Input/Output
TPOUT+ *
31
PD6/TPI–
Input/Output
TPIN– *
32
PD7/TPI+
Input/Output
TPIN+ *
33
LINK
Output
34
ACT
Output
External Data Bus
Serial Port D
Serial Port C
Serial Port B (used by microSD™
Card SPI)
Serial Port F
Optional Ethernet transmit port
Optional Ethernet receive port
Max. sinking current draw 1 mA
(see Note 1)
Pins 30–32 Ethernet option is reserved for future use.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
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Table 2. RCM3900 Pinout Configurations (continued)
Header J62
Pin
Pin Name
Default Use
Alternate Use
Notes
Reset output from Reset
Generator
1
/RES
Reset output
2
PB0
Input/Output
CLKB
CLKB (used by microSD™ Card
SPI)
3
PB2
Input/Output
IA0
/SWR
External Address 0
Slave port write
4
PB3
Input/Output
IA1
/SRD
External Address 1
Slave port read
5
PB4
Input/Output
IA2
SA0
External Address 2
Slave port Address 0
6
PB5
Input/Output
IA3
SA1
External Address 3
Slave port Address 1
7
PB6
Input/Output
IA4
External Address 4
8
PB7
Input/Output
IA5
/SLAVEATTN
External Address 5
Slave Attention
9
PF4
Input/Output
AQD1B
PWM0
10
PF5
Input/Output
AQD1A
PWM1
11
PF6
Input/Output
AQD2B
PWM2
12
PF7
Input/Output
AQD2A
PWM3
13
PE7
Input/Output
I7
/SCS
I/O Strobe 7
Slave Port Chip Select
14
PE6
Input/Output
I6
I/O Strobe 6
15
PE5
Input/Output
I5
INT1B
I/O Strobe 5
Interrupt 1B
16
PE4
Input/Output
I4
INT0B
I/O Strobe 4
Interrupt 0B
17
PE3
Input/Output
I3
I/O Strobe 3
18
PE1
Input/Output
I1
INT1A
I/O Strobe 1
Interrupt 1A
19
PE0
Input/Output
I0
INT0A
I/O Strobe 0
Interrupt 0A
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
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Table 2. RCM3900 Pinout Configurations (continued)
Header J62
Pin
Pin Name
Default Use
Alternate Use
Notes
20
PG7
Input/Output
RXE
21
PG6
Input/Output
TXE
22
PG5
Input/Output
RCLKE
Serial Clock E input
23
PG4
Input/Output
TCLKE
Serial Clock E ouput
24
/IOWR
Output
External write strobe
25
/IORD
Output
External read strobe
26–27
SMODE0,
SMODE1
(0,0)—start executing at address zero
(0,1)—cold boot from slave port
(1,0)—cold boot from clocked Serial
Port A
SMODE0 =1, SMODE1 = 1
Cold boot from asynchronous Serial
Port A at 2400 bps (programming cable
connected)
Serial Port E
Also connected to programming
cable
28
/RESET_IN
Input
Input to Reset Generator
29
VRAM
Output
See Notes below table
30
VBAT_EXT
3 V battery Input
Minimum battery voltage 2.85 V
31
+3.3 VIN
Power Input
3.15–3.45 V DC
32
GND
33
n.c.
34
GND
Reserved for future use
Notes
1. When using pins 33–34 on header J3 to drive LEDs, these pins can handle a sinking
current of up to 8 mA.
2. The VRAM voltage is temperature-dependent. If the VRAM voltage drops below about
1.2 V to 1.5 V, the contents of the battery-backed SRAM may be lost. If VRAM drops
below 1.0 V, the 32 kHz oscillator could stop running. Pay careful attention to this voltage if you draw any current from this pin.
3. Do not overload the /IOWR line because the NAND flash memories have critical
timing requirements. In some cases it may be necessary to buffer /IOWR on the
motherboard.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
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4.1.1 Memory I/O Interface
The Rabbit 3000 address lines (A0–A18) and all the data lines (D0–D7) are routed
internally to the onboard flash memory and SRAM chips. I/O write (/IOWR) and I/O read
(/IORD) are available for interfacing to external devices—pay attention to the loading on
these two signals if you use them since these signals are also used by the RCM3900.
Parallel Port A can also be used as an external I/O data bus to isolate external I/O from the
main data bus. Parallel Port B pins PB2–PB7 can also be used as an auxiliary address bus.
When using the external I/O bus for a digital output or the LCD/keypad module on the
Prototyping Board, or for any other reason, you must add the following line at the beginning of your program.
#define PORTA_AUX_IO
// required to enable auxiliary I/O bus
4.1.2 LEDs
The RCM3900 has three Ethernet status LEDs located beside the RJ-45 Ethernet jack—
these are discussed in Section 4.2.2.
Additionally, there is one dual LED DS4. PD1 on the Rabbit 3000’s Parallel Port D is used
to enable the NAND flash on the RCM3900 model, but is connected to the green CE LED
at DS4, which is not used. The red BSY LED at DS4 is a user-programmable LED, and is
controlled by PD0. The CONTROLLEDS.C and FLASHLEDS.C sample programs in the
Dynamic C SAMPLES\RCM3900 folder show how to set up and use this userprogrammable LED.
4.1.3 Other Inputs and Outputs
The status, /RESET_IN, SMODE0, and SMODE1 I/O are normally associated with the
programming port. Since the status pin is not used by the system once a program has been
downloaded and is running, the status pin can then be used as a general-purpose CMOS
output. The programming port is described in more detail in Section 4.2.3.
/RESET_IN is an external input used to reset the Rabbit 3000 microprocessor and the
RCM3900 onboard peripheral circuits. /RES is an output from the reset circuitry that can
be used to reset external peripheral devices.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
32
4.2 Serial Communication
The RCM3900 does not have any serial protocol-level transceivers directly on the board.
However, a serial interface may be incorporated into the board the RCM3900 is mounted
on. For example, the Prototyping Board has RS-232 and RS-485 transceiver chips.
4.2.1 Serial Ports
There are six serial ports designated as Serial Ports A, B, C, D, E, and F. All six serial
ports can operate in an asynchronous mode up to the baud rate of the system clock divided
by 8. An asynchronous port can handle 7 or 8 data bits. A 9th bit address scheme, where
an additional bit is sent to mark the first byte of a message, is also supported.
Serial Port A is normally used as a programming port, but may be used either as an asynchronous or as a clocked serial port once the RCM3900 has been programmed and is operating in the Run Mode.
Serial Port B is used as the SPI interface for the microSD™ Card, and is not available for
other use.
Serial Ports C and D can also be operated in the clocked serial mode. In this mode, a clock
line synchronously clocks the data in or out. Either of the two communicating devices can
supply the clock.
Serial Ports E and F can also be configured as HDLC serial ports. The IrDA protocol is
also supported in SDLC format by these two ports.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
33
4.2.2 Ethernet Port
Figure 7 shows the pinout for the RJ-45 Ethernet port (J3). Note that some Ethernet
connectors are numbered in reverse to the order used here.
ETHERNET
1
8
1.
2.
3.
6.
RJ-45 Plug
E_Tx+
E_Tx
E_Rx+
E_Rx
RJ-45 Jack
Figure 7. RJ-45 Ethernet Port Pinout
Three LEDs are placed next to the RJ-45 Ethernet
jack, one to indicate Ethernet link/activity (LNK/
ACT), one to indicate when the RCM3900 is connected to a functioning 100Base-T network (SPD),
and one (FDX/COL) to indicate whether the Ethernet connection is in full-duplex mode (steady on) or
that a half-duplex connection is experiencing collisions (blinks).
RJ-45 Ethernet Jack
L1
Board
Ground
Chassis
Ground
Figure 8. Ferrite Bead Isolation
The transformer/connector assembly ground is connected to the RCM3900 printed circuit board digital
ground via a ferrite bead, L1, as shown in Figure 8.
The RJ-45 connector is shielded to minimize EMI effects to/from the Ethernet signals.
The Ethernet chip supports auto MDI/MDIX on the Ethernet port to choose the Ethernet
interface automatically based on whether a crossover cable or a straight-through cable is
used in a particular setup. The Ethernet chip may spike the current draw by up to 200 mA
while it is searching to determine the type of Ethernet cable. This search is repeated every
second if no Ethernet cable is detected. If you do not plan to connect an Ethernet cable,
use the Dynamic C pd_powerdown() function call to turn off the Ethernet chip. The
pd_powerup() function call is available to turn the Ethernet chip back on at a later time.
These function calls are described in the Dynamic C TCP/IP User’s Manual, Volume 1.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
34
4.2.3 Serial Programming Port
The RCM3900 is programmed either through the serial programming port, which is
accessed using header J1, or through the Ethernet jack. The RabbitLink may be used to
provide a serial connection via the RabbitLink’s Ethernet jack. The programming port
uses the Rabbit 3000’s Serial Port A for communication; Serial Port A is not used when
programming is done over an Ethernet connection via the Dynamic C download manager.
Dynamic C uses the programming port to download and debug programs.
The programming port is also used for the following operations.
• Cold-boot the Rabbit 3000 on the RCM3900 after a reset.
• Remotely download and debug a program over an Ethernet connection using the
RabbitLink EG2110.
• Fast copy designated portions of flash memory from one Rabbit-based board (the
master) to another (the slave) using the Rabbit Cloning Board.
In addition to Serial Port A, the Rabbit 3000 startup-mode (SMODE0, SMODE1), status,
and reset pins are available on the serial programming port.
The two startup mode pins determine what happens after a reset—the Rabbit 3000 is
either cold-booted or the program begins executing at address 0x0000.
The status pin is used by Dynamic C to determine whether a Rabbit microprocessor is
present. The status output has three different programmable functions:
1. It can be driven low on the first op code fetch cycle.
2. It can be driven low during an interrupt acknowledge cycle.
3. It can also serve as a general-purpose CMOS output.
The /RESET_IN pin is an external input that is used to reset the Rabbit 3000 and the
RCM3900 onboard peripheral circuits. The serial programming port can be used to force a
hard reset on the RCM3900 by asserting the /RESET_IN signal.
Alternate Uses of the Serial Programming Port
All three clocked Serial Port A signals are available as
• a synchronous serial port
• an asynchronous serial port, with the clock line usable as a general CMOS I/O pin
The programming port may also be used as a serial port once the application is running.
The SMODE pins may then be used as inputs and the status pin may be used as an output.
Refer to the Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor User’s Manual for more information.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
35
4.3 Serial Programming Cable
The programming cable is used to connect the serial programming port of the RCM3900
to a PC USB COM port. The programming cable converts the voltage levels used by the
PC USB port to the CMOS voltage levels used by the Rabbit 3000.
When the PROG connector on the programming cable is connected to the RCM3900
serial programming port at header J1, programs can be downloaded and debugged over the
serial interface.
The DIAG connector of the programming cable may be used on header J1 of the RCM3900
with the RCM3900 operating in the Run Mode. This allows the programming port to be
used as a regular serial port.
4.3.1 Changing Between Program Mode and Run Mode
2
1
R25 R26
C7
R7
R2
R3
R4
R5
R6
D5
D7
C27
C28
R43
SERIAL FLASH/
MODEM
R20
R44
C20
R41
C29
KEYPAD DISPLAY BOARD
Colored edge
C30
Q5
R47
R48
R38
R46
D8
LCD1JC
DS7
RELAY NO1 COM1 NC1 NO2 COM2 NC2
D2
D6
D0
D4
A1
A0
D3
GND
GND
D1
LED6
GND
A3
LED4
LED5
A2
LED2
U12
To
PC USB port
RELAY RATED
0.5 A @ 30 V
BD7
BD6
BD5
BD4
BD3
BD2
BD1
BD0
BA3
BA2
BA1
BA0
LCD
/CS
LED0
+BKLT
U11
R45
Y1 C5
C8
C9
U4
U3
R5
R6
DS1
L1
C11
C10
JP2 JP3 JP4 JP5
R4
R2
U1
C21
/RES
C18
C13
R11
J1
U2
R15
HO1
SOT23-6
DS2
R33
J3
JP1
J2
R32
/CS
C17
HO2
R42
R37
DS3
R34
C33
HO3
LED3
C26
C32
R14
HO4
C19
K1
LCD1JB
TxE RxE GND TxF RxF 485+ GND 485
LED1
R13
R12
R30
+V
L2
R16
6
R19
C31
GND
SOT23-6
U7
C34
C30
Y2
R31
R40
R35
JP5
C26
J17
Programming Cable
U10
R36
J16
LCD1JA
DIAG
C29
R29
C18
Q1
R20
R18
DS2 DS3 DS4 DS5 DS6
J14
C17
JP14
R21
D7
R33
PROG
R34
Q2
CORE
D6
C22
C23
C24
C25
DS4
RCM39XX
S3
D5
C1
S2
U9
R1
D4
R49
R19
R23
R3
R50
Q6
RESET
UX2
SO20W
J13
JB
UX5
DX2
C6
J12
DX1
+3.3 V
R39 J15
RX18
UX4
C12
Q4
RX17
RX15
C16
R27 R28
Q3
C2
R25 R26
Q2
J9
S1
RESET
C7
R7
GND
JA
Q1
RX16
RX14
C24 C20
C21
PA7
C28 C25U
PA6
STAT
C4
PA5
R21 R22 R23 R24
C3
PA4
R10
PA3
RX13
CX2
R9
PA1
PA2
C16
R8
PF3
PA0
U8
GND
+3.3 V
UX1
SO20W
U5
PF2
C37
PF1
R59
R24 Y3
C38
PC0
PF0
GND
CX1
C14
PC2
PC1
R17 C19 C15
PC4
PC3
JP7
PC6
PC5
JP9
PC7
JP8
PG0
C27 C22
C23
PG1
+5 V
+5 V
C36
PG2
JP10
PD4
GND/EGND
C35
PD2
PD5
R62
C14
C15
JP13
R27
C44 C39
C40 R22
C43 U8
R30
C47
PD6
PD3
R63
R64
R65
R66
JP11
JP12
R15
C49
C50
R32
C48
R31
R35
CE
BSY
SPD LNK FDX
ACT COL
PD7
PG3
R54
R18
R16
CORE MODULE
LINK
R55
R56
R57
R58
C13
R17
C10
C11
C12
JP4
C9
U5
RCM3300
PROTOTYPING
BOARD
ACT
R10
R11
U4
J11
BT1
C46
PF4 PF6 PE7
C8
R28
/RES_OUT
RP2
RP1
D1
PB2
PB0
C5
OUT 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
R29 U10
PB4
PB3
R9
R14
RABBITNET
R8 U6 C6
OUT
U9
PB6
PB5
U7
J10
C45
PB7
R67
R68
R69
R70
R60 R61
U3
L293D
H-DRIVER
C4
R13
U1
R12
PF5
PF7
U2
L293D
H-DRIVER
R52 R53
C41
C42
PE5
PE6
JP1
PE3
PE4
D2
L1
PF0_QD
JP2
PE0
PE1
C3
R51
+DC
GND
J1
J2
PG7
J3
PG6
C2
JP3
GND
DS1
+DC
J4 VMB MDB1 MDB2 MDB3 MDB4 VMB+ VMA+ MDA1 MDA2 MDA3 MDA4 VMA POWER
PG4
+5V QD2A QD2B QD1A QD1B GND J5
/IORD
PG5
+5V
SM0
/IOWR
PF0_CLKD
C1
SMODE1
IN0
VRAM
IN1
+3.3 V
VBT
IN2
GND
/RES
GND IN3
D1
NC
J6
R1
J8
GND
J7
GND
The RCM3900 is automatically in Program Mode when the PROG connector on the programming cable is attached, and is automatically in Run Mode when no programming
cable is attached. When the Rabbit 3000 is reset, the operating mode is determined by the
state of the SMODE pins. When the programming cable’s PROG connector is attached,
the SMODE pins are pulled high, placing the Rabbit 3000 in the Program Mode. When the
programming cable’s PROG connector is not attached, the SMODE pins are pulled low,
causing the Rabbit 3000 to operate in the Run Mode.
RESET RCM3900 when changing mode:
Momentarily short out pins 2832 on RCM3900 header J62, OR
Press RESET button (if using Prototyping Board), OR
Cycle power off/on
after removing or attaching programming cable.
Figure 9. Switching Between Program Mode and Run Mode
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
36
A program “runs” in either mode, but can only be downloaded and debugged when the
RCM3900 is in the Program Mode.
Refer to the Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor User’s Manual for more information on the programming port.
4.3.2 Standalone Operation of the RCM3900
The RCM3900 must be programmed via the Prototyping Board or via a similar arrangement on a customer-supplied board. Once the RCM3900 has been programmed successfully, remove the serial programming cable from the programming connector and reset the
RCM3900. The RCM3900 may be reset by cycling the power off/on or by pressing the
RESET button on the Prototyping Board. The RCM3900 module may now be removed
from the Prototyping Board for end-use installation.
CAUTION: Disconnect power to the Prototyping Board or other boards when removing
or installing your RCM3900 module to protect against inadvertent shorts across the
pins or damage to the RCM3900 if the pins are not plugged in correctly. Do not reapply
power until you have verified that the RCM3900 module is plugged in correctly.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
37
4.4 Memory
4.4.1 SRAM
RCM3900 boards have 512K of program-execution fast SRAM at U66. The programexecution SRAM is not battery-backed. There are 512K of battery-backed data SRAM
installed at U9.
4.4.2 Flash EPROM
RCM3900 boards also have 512K of flash EPROM at U8.
NOTE: Rabbit recommends that any customer applications should not be constrained by
the sector size of the flash EPROM since it may be necessary to change the sector size
in the future.
Writing to arbitrary flash memory addresses at run time is discouraged. Instead, use a portion of the “user block” area to store persistent data. The writeUserBlock() and readUserBlock() function calls are provided for this. Refer to the Rabbit 3000
Microprocessor Designer’s Handbook and the Dynamic C Function Reference Manual for
additional information.
A Flash Memory Bank Select jumper configuration option based on 0 surface-mounted
resistors exists at header JP12 on the RCM3900 RabbitCore modules. This option, used in
conjunction with some configuration macros, allows Dynamic C to compile two different
co-resident programs for the upper and lower halves of a 256K flash in such a way that both
programs start at logical address 0000. This option is not relevant to the RCM3900 RabbitCore modules, which use 512K flash memories.
4.4.3 NAND Flash (RCM3900 only)
The RCM3900 model has a NAND flash to store data and Web pages. The NAND flash is
particularly suitable for mass-storage applications, but is generally unsuitable for direct
program execution. The NAND flash differs from parallel NOR flash (the type of flash
memory used to store program code on Rabbit-based boards and RabbitCore modules
currently in production) in two respects. First, the NAND flash requires error-correcting
code (ECC) for reliability. Although NAND flash manufacturers do guarantee that block 0
will be error-free, most manufacturers guarantee that a new NAND flash chip will be
shipped with a relatively small percentage of errors, and will not develop more than some
maximum number or percentage of errors over its rated lifetime of up to 100,000 writes.
Second, the standard NAND flash addressing method multiplexes commands, data, and
addresses on the same I/O pins, while requiring that certain control lines must be held stable
for the duration of the NAND flash access. The software function calls provided by Rabbit
for the NAND flash take care of the data-integrity and reliability attributes.
Sample programs in the SAMPLES\RCM3900\NANDFlash folder illustrate the use of the
NAND flash. These sample programs are described in Section 3.2.1, “Use of NAND Flash
(RCM3900 only).”
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
38
4.4.4 microSD™ Cards
The RCM3900 supports a removable microSD™ Card up to 1GB to store data and Web
pages. The microSD™ Card is particularly suitable for mass-storage applications, but is
generally unsuitable for direct program execution.
Unlike other flash devices, the microSD™ Card has some intelligence, which facilitates
working with it. You do not have to worry about erased pages. All microSD™ Cards support 512-byte reads and writes, and handle any necessary pre-erasing internally.
The microSD™ Card socket on the RCM3900 has a plastic insert when shipped to protect
the socket. This insert must be removed before you will be able to insert a microSD™
Card.
Figure 10 shows how to insert or remove the microSD™ Card. The card is designed to fit
easily only one way — do not bend the card or force it into the slot. While you remove or
insert the card, take care to avoid touching the electrical contacts on the bottom of the card
to prevent electrostatic discharge damage to the card and to keep any moisture or other
contaminants off the contacts. You will sense a soft click once the card is completely
inserted. To remove it, gently press the card towards the middle of the RCM3900 — you
will sense a soft click and the card will be ready to be removed. Do not attempt to pull the
card from the socket before pressing it in — otherwise the ejection mechanism will get
damaged. The ejection mechanism is spring-loaded, and will partially eject the card when
used correctly.
R15
JP2 JP3 JP4 JP5
C1
C4
R10
R9
R8
C7
R7
C8
C9
U4
U5
C3
R5
R6
U3
C10
C11
C26
C32
Y2
C31
C30
JP9
JP10
J3
L2
C34
C37
C29
L1
C33
R16
R18
R17 C19 C15
C27 C22
C23
R14
C28 C25
R13
C36
R12
U6
JP7
C18
JP8
C13
C17
C35
C16
C12
C14
R11
C24 C20
C21
J2
R4
Y1 C5
C6
JP1
U2
J1
C2
R2
R3
R1
U1
U7
R19
R20
R34
DS2
DS3
DS1
SPD LNK FDX
ACT COL
R33
CE
Q2
RCM39XX
R32
C48
R31
R29 U10
D1
U9
Q1
R35
JP14
R28
BSY
C46
C45
R30
C40 R22
1
C47
2
JP13
C43 U8
R25 R26
C49
C50
JP11
JP12
C41
C42
R27
R24 Y3
C44 C39
C38
R21
R23
DS4
Figure 10. Insertion/Removal of microSD Card
Rabbit recommends that you use the microSD™ Card holder at header J2 only for the
microSD™ Card since other devices are not supported. Be careful to remove and insert
the card as described, and be careful not to insert any foreign objects, which may short out
the contacts and lead to the destruction of your card.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
39
It is possible to hot-swap microSD™ Cards without removing power from the RCM3900
modules. The file system partition must be unmounted before the cards can be safely hotswapped. The chip selects associated with the card must be set to their inactive state, and
read/write operations addressed to the microSD™ Card port cannot be allowed to occur.
These operations can be initiated in software by sensing an external switch actuated by the
user, and the card can then be removed and replaced with a different one. Once the application program detects a new card, the file system partition can be remounted. These steps
allow the microSD™ Card to be installed or removed without affecting either the program, which continues to run on the RCM3900 module, or the data stored on the card. The
Dynamic C FAT file system will handle this overhead automatically by unmounting the
microSD™ Card.
NOTE: When using the optional Dynamic C FAT file system module, do not remove or
insert the microSD™ Card while the microSD™ Card is mounted.
You may add an LED to your design or use the BSY LED at DS4 to indicate when the
microSD™ Card is mounted. The LED can be set to turn off when the microSD™ Card is
unmounted, indicating that it is safe to remove it. The BSY LED at DS4 is controlled by
PD0; your own LED would use an available parallel port I/O pin. The following macros in
the Dynamic C LIB\Rabbit3000\SDflash\SDFLASH.LIB library will have to be
modified to identify the parallel port pin and to specify the on/off conditions for the LED.
#define SD_LED_PORT_DR
#define
#define
#define
#define
#define
#define
#define
#define
#define
#define
PxDR
// where x is the Parallel Port (A–E)
// 0 for no indicator LED
SD_LED_PORT_DRSHADOW PxDRShadow // where x is the Parallel Port
// NULL for no indicator LED
SD_LED_PORT_FR
PxDFR // where x is the Parallel Port (A–E)
// 0 for no indicator LED
SD_LED_PORT_FRSHADOW PxFRShadow // where x is the Parallel Port
// NULL for no indicator LED
SD_LED_PORT_DDR
PxDDR // where x is the Parallel Port (A–E)
// 0 for no indicator LED
SD_LED_PORT_DDRSHADOW PxDDRShadow // where x is the Parallel Port
// NULL for no indicator LED
SD_LED_PORT_DCR
PxCR // where x is the Parallel Port (A–E)
// 0 for no indicator LED
SD_LED_PORT_DCRSHADOW PxCRShadow
// where x is the Parallel Port
// NULL for no indicator LED
SD_LED_PIN
n // Identify pin on parallel port (0–7)
// Use 0 for no indicator LED
SD_LED_PORT_OD
0 // LED is driven by transistor
// 1 to drive LED directly by open-drain output
SD_LED_PORT_ON
1 // 0 for no indicator LED or to drive LED
// directly by open-drain output, otherwise 1
Standard Windows SD Card readers may be used to read the microSD™ Card formatted
by the Dynamic C FAT file system with the RCM3900 as long as it has not been partitioned. An SD Card adapter is included with the microSD™ Card in the in the RCM3900
Development Kit. The SD Card adapter has a sliding switch along the left side that may be
moved down to write-protect the microSD™ Card while it is being used with an SD Card
reader.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
40
Sample programs in the SAMPLES\RCM3900\SD_Flash folder illustrate the use of the
microSD™ Cards. These sample programs are described in Section 3.2.2, “Use of
microSD™ Cards.”
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
41
4.5 Other Hardware
4.5.1 Clock Doubler
The RCM3900 takes advantage of the Rabbit 3000 microprocessor’s internal clock doubler. A built-in clock doubler allows half-frequency crystals to be used to reduce radiated
emissions. The 44.2 MHz frequency specified for the RCM3900 is generated using a
22.12 MHz crystal.
The clock doubler may be disabled if 44.2 MHz clock speeds are not required. This will
reduce power consumption and further reduce radiated emissions. The clock doubler is
disabled with a simple configuration macro as shown below.
1. Select the “Defines” tab from the Dynamic C Options > Project Options menu.
2. Add the line CLOCK_DOUBLED=0 to always disable the clock doubler.
The clock doubler is enabled by default, and usually no entry is needed. If you need to
specify that the clock doubler is always enabled, add the line CLOCK_DOUBLED=1 to
always enable the clock doubler.
3. Click OK to save the macro. The clock doubler will now remain off whenever you are
in the project file where you defined the macro.
4.5.2 Spectrum Spreader
The Rabbit 3000 features a spectrum spreader, which helps to mitigate EMI problems. The
spectrum spreader is on by default, but it may also be turned off or set to a stronger setting.
The means for doing so is through a simple configuration macro as shown below.
1. Select the “Defines” tab from the Dynamic C Options > Project Options menu.
2. Normal spreading is the default, and usually no entry is needed. If you need to specify
normal spreading, add the line
ENABLE_SPREADER=1
For strong spreading, add the line
ENABLE_SPREADER=2
To disable the spectrum spreader, add the line
ENABLE_SPREADER=0
NOTE: The strong spectrum-spreading setting is not recommended since it may limit
the maximum clock speed or the maximum baud rate. It is unlikely that the strong setting will be used in a real application.
3. Click OK to save the macro. The spectrum spreader will now be set to the state specified
by the macro value whenever you are in the project file where you defined the macro.
NOTE: Refer to the Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor User’s Manual for more information
on the spectrum-spreading setting and the maximum clock speed.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
42
5. SOFTWARE REFERENCE
Dynamic C is an integrated development system for writing embedded software. It runs on
an IBM-compatible PC and is designed for use with Rabbit controllers and other controllers based on the Rabbit microprocessor. Chapter 5 describes the libraries and function
calls related to the RCM3900.
5.1 More About Dynamic C
Dynamic C has been in use worldwide since 1989. It is specially designed for programming embedded systems, and features quick compile and interactive debugging. A complete reference guide to Dynamic C is contained in the Dynamic C User’s Manual.
You have a choice of doing your software development in the flash memory or in the static
SRAM included on the RCM3900. The flash memory and SRAM options are selected with
the Options > Program Options > Compiler menu.
The advantage of working in RAM is to save wear on the flash memory, which is limited
to about 100,000 write cycles. The disadvantage is that the code and data might not both
fit in RAM.
NOTE: An application should be run from the program execution SRAM after the serial
programming cable is disconnected. Your final code must always be stored in flash
memory for reliable operation. RCM3900 modules have a fast program execution SRAM
that is not battery-backed. Select Code and BIOS in Flash, Run in RAM from the
Dynamic C Options > Project Options > Compiler menu to store the code in flash
and copy it to the fast program execution SRAM at run-time to take advantage of the
faster clock speed. This option optimizes the performance of RCM3900 modules running at 44.2 MHz.
NOTE: Do not depend on the flash memory sector size or type in your program logic.
The RCM3900 and Dynamic C were designed to accommodate flash devices with
various sector sizes in response to the volatility of the flash-memory market.
Developing software with Dynamic C is simple. Users can write, compile, and test C and
assembly code without leaving the Dynamic C development environment. Debugging occurs
while the application runs on the target. Alternatively, users can compile a program to an
image file for later loading. Dynamic C runs on PCs under Windows 2000 and later—see
Rabbit’s Technical Note TN257, Running Dynamic C® With Windows Vista®, for
additional information if you are using a Dynamic C release prior to v. 9.60 under Windows
Vista. Programs can be downloaded at baud rates of up to 460,800 bps after the program
compiles.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
43
Dynamic C has a number of standard features.
• Full-feature source and/or assembly-level debugger, no in-circuit emulator required.
• Royalty-free TCP/IP stack with source code and most common protocols.
• Hundreds of functions in source-code libraries and sample programs:
Exceptionally fast support for floating-point arithmetic and transcendental functions.
RS-232 and RS-485 serial communication.
Analog and digital I/O drivers.
I2C, SPI, GPS, file system.
LCD display and keypad drivers.
• Powerful language extensions for cooperative or preemptive multitasking
• Loader utility program to load binary images into Rabbit targets in the absence of
Dynamic C.
• Provision for customers to create their own source code libraries and augment on-line
help by creating “function description” block comments using a special format for
library functions.
• Standard debugging features:
Breakpoints—Set breakpoints that can disable interrupts.
Single-stepping—Step into or over functions at a source or machine code level, µC/OS-II aware.
Code disassembly—The disassembly window displays addresses, opcodes, mnemonics, and
machine cycle times. Switch between debugging at machine-code level and source-code level by
simply opening or closing the disassembly window.
Watch expressions—Watch expressions are compiled when defined, so complex expressions
including function calls may be placed into watch expressions. Watch expressions can be updated
with or without stopping program execution.
Register window—All processor registers and flags are displayed. The contents of general registers
may be modified in the window by the user.
Stack window—shows the contents of the top of the stack.
Hex memory dump—displays the contents of memory at any address.
STDIO window—printf outputs to this window and keyboard input on the host PC can be
detected for debugging purposes. printf output may also be sent to a serial port or file.
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5.1.1 Developing Programs Remotely with Dynamic C
Dynamic C is an integrated development environment that allows you to edit, compile,
and debug your programs. Dynamic C has the ability to allow programming over the
Internet or local Ethernet. This is accomplished in one of two ways.
1. Via the Rabbit RabbitLink, which allows a Rabbit-based target to have programs downloaded to it and debugged with the same ease as exists when the target is connected
directly to a PC.
2. Dynamic C provides sample programs to illustrate the use of a download manager. The
DLM_TCP.C and DLP_TCP.C sample programs found in the Dynamic C SAMPLES\
DOWN_LOAD folder, are intended to be compiled to the program flash memory (which is
a parallel flash memory). Custom applications based on these sample programs may
use the NAND flash for data storage.
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5.2 Dynamic C Functions
5.2.1 Digital I/O
The RCM3900 was designed to interface with other systems, and so there are no drivers
written specifically for the I/O. The general Dynamic C read and write functions allow
you to customize the parallel I/O to meet your specific needs. For example, use
WrPortI(PEDDR, &PEDDRShadow, 0x00);
to set all the Port E bits as inputs, or use
WrPortI(PEDDR, &PEDDRShadow, 0xFF);
to set all the Port E bits as outputs.
When using the external I/O bus on the Rabbit 3000 chip, add the line
#define PORTA_AUX_IO
// required to enable auxiliary I/O bus
to the beginning of any programs using the auxiliary I/O bus.
The sample programs in the Dynamic C SAMPLES/RCM3900 folder provide further
examples.
5.2.2 SRAM Use
The RCM3900 has a battery-backed data SRAM and a program-execution SRAM.
Dynamic C provides the protected keyword to identify variables that are to be placed
into the battery-backed SRAM. The compiler generates code that creates a backup copy of
a protected variable before the variable is modified. If the system resets while the protected
variable is being modified, the variable's value can be restored when the system restarts.
The sample code below shows how a protected variable is defined and how its value can
be restored.
protected nf_device nandFlash;
int main() {
...
_sysIsSoftReset();
// restore any protected variables
The bbram keyword may be used instead if there is a need to store a variable in batterybacked SRAM without affecting the performance of the application program. Data integrity is not assured when a reset or power failure occurs during the update process.
Additional information on bbram and protected variables is available in the Dynamic C
User’s Manual.
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5.2.3 Serial Communication Drivers
Library files included with Dynamic C provide a full range of serial communications support. The LIB\Rabbit3000\RS232.LIB library provides a set of circular-buffer-based
serial functions. The LIB\Rabbit3000\PACKET.LIB library provides packet-based
serial functions where packets can be delimited by the 9th bit, by transmission gaps, or
with user-defined special characters. Both libraries provide blocking functions, which do
not return until they are finished transmitting or receiving, and nonblocking functions,
which must be called repeatedly until they are finished, allowing other functions to be performed between calls. For more information, see the Dynamic C Function Reference
Manual and Technical Note TN213, Rabbit Serial Port Software.
5.2.4 TCP/IP Drivers
The TCP/IP drivers are located in the LIB\Rabbit3000\TCPIP folder. Complete information on these libraries and the TCP/IP functions is provided in the Dynamic C TCP/IP
User’s Manual.
5.2.5 NAND Flash Drivers
The Dynamic C LIB\Rabbit3000\NANDFlash\NFLASH.LIB library is used to interface
to NAND flash memory devices on the RCM3900. The function calls were written specifically to work with industry-standard flash devices with a 528-byte page program and
16896-byte block erase size. The NAND flash function calls are designed to be closely
cross-compatible with the newer serial flash function calls found in the LIB\Rabbit3000\
SFLASH.LIB library. These function calls use an nf_device structure as a handle for a
specific NAND flash device. This allows multiple NAND flash devices to be used by an
application.
More information on these function calls is available in the Dynamic C Function Reference Manual.
The NAND flash is ideally suited to store files with a directory structure. The Dynamic C
FAT file system module provides support for a file system for use in a Rabbit-based
system. The supporting documentation for the Dynamic C FAT File System and the sample
programs in the SAMPLES\FileSystem\FAT folder illustrate the use of the Dynamic C
FAT file system.
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5.2.6 microSD™ Card Drivers
The Dynamic C LIB\SDflash\SDFLASH.LIB library is used to interface to microSD™
Card memory devices on an SPI bus. More information on these function calls is available
in the Dynamic C Function Reference Manual.
Application developers are cautioned against modifying the BIOS code to insert applicationspecific external I/O (IOE) instructions before the GOCR register and its shadow are initialized by the standard BIOS code. Such IOE code will cause the microSD™ Card select to
toggle, possibly interfering with the microSD™ Card operation.
The microSD™ Card is ideally suited to store files with a directory structure. The Dynamic
C FAT file system included with Dynamic C provides support for a file system and for formatting the microSD™ Card for use in a Rabbit-based system. This allows files to be read
and written in a PC-compatible manner. The supporting documentation for the Dynamic C
FAT File System and the sample programs in the SAMPLES\FileSystem\FAT folder
illustrate the use of the Dynamic C FAT file system.
NOTE: Dynamic C has a utility for partitioning storage devices. Rabbit recommends that
you do not partition the microSD™ Card since doing so would make it not PC-compatible.
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5.2.7 Prototyping Board Function Calls
The functions described in this section are for use with the Prototyping Board features.
The source code is in the Dynamic C SAMPLES\RCM3900\RCM39xx.LIB library if you
need to modify it for your own board design.
Other generic functions applicable to all devices based on Rabbit microprocessors are
described in the Dynamic C Function Reference Manual.
5.2.7.1 Board Initialization
brdInit
void brdInit (void);
DESCRIPTION
Call this function at the beginning of your program. This function initializes Parallel
Ports A through G for use with the Prototyping Board.
This function call is intended for demonstration purposes only, and can be modified for
your applications.
Summary of Initialization
1.
I/O port pins are configured for Prototyping Board operation.
2.
Unused configurable I/O are set as tied inputs or outputs.
3.
The external I/O bus is enabled.
4.
The LCD/keypad module is disabled.
5.
RS-485 is not enabled.
6.
RS-232 is not enabled.
7.
LEDs are off.
8.
Ethernet select is disabled.
9.
Motor control is disabled.
10. The relay is set to normally closed positions.
RETURN VALUE
None.
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5.2.7.2 Digital I/O
digIn
int digIn(int channel);
DESCRIPTION
Reads the input state of a digital input on headers J5 and J6 on the Prototyping Board.
Do not use this function call if you configure these pins for alternate use after brdInit() is called.
A runtime error will occur if brdInit() has not been called first.
PARAMETER
channel
the channel number corresponding to the digital input channel:
0—IN0
1—IN1
2—IN2
3—IN3
4—QD1B
5—QD1A
6—QD2B
7—QD2A
RETURN VALUE
The logic state (0 or 1) of the input. A run-time error will occur if the channel
parameter is out of range.
SEE ALSO
brdInit
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digOut
void digOut(int channel, int value);
DESCRIPTION
Writes a value to an output channel on Prototyping Board header J10. Do not use this
function if you have installed the stepper motor chips at U2 and U3.
PARAMETERS
channel
output channel 0–7 (OUT00–OUT07).
value
value (0 or 1) to output.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
brdInit
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5.2.7.3 Switches, LEDs, and Relay
switchIn
int switchIn(int swin);
DESCRIPTION
Reads the state of a switch input.
A runtime error will occur if brdInit() has not been called first or if the swin
parameter is invalid.
PARAMETERS
swin
switch input to read:
2—S2
3—S3
RETURN VALUE
State of the switch input:
1 = open
0 = closed
SEE ALSO
brdInit
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ledOut
void ledOut(int led, int value);
DESCRIPTION
Controls LEDs on the Prototyping Board and on the RCM3900.
A runtime error will occur if brdInit() has not been called first.
PARAMETERS
led
the LED to control:
0 = red BSY LED on RCM3900
3 = DS3 on Prototyping Board
4 = DS4 on Prototyping Board
5 = DS5 on Prototyping Board
6 = DS6 on Prototyping Board
value
the value used to control the LED:
0 = off
1 = on
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
brdInit
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relayOut
void relayOut(int relay, int value);
DESCRIPTION
Sets the position for the relay common contact. The default position is for normally
closed contacts.
A runtime error will occur if brdInit() has not been called first.
PARAMETERS
relay
the one relay (1)
value
the value used to connect the relay common contact:
0 = normally closed positions (NC1 and NC2)
1 = normally open positions (NO1 and NO2)
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
brdInit
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5.2.7.4 Serial Communication
ser485Tx
void ser485Tx(void);
DESCRIPTION
Enables the RS-485 transmitter. Transmitted data are echoed back into the receive data
buffer. The echoed data may be used as an indicator for disabling the transmitter by using
one of the following methods:
Byte mode—disable the transmitter after the same byte that is transmitted is detected in the
receive data buffer.
Block data mode—disable the transmitter after the same number of bytes transmitted are
detected in the receive data buffer.
Remember to call the serXopen() function before running this function.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
ser485Rx
ser485Rx
void ser485Rx(void);
DESCRIPTION
Disables the RS-485 transmitter. This puts the device into the listen mode, which allows
it to receive data from the RS-485 interface.
Remember to call the serXopen() function before running this function.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
ser485Tx
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5.3 Upgrading Dynamic C
Dynamic C patches that focus on bug fixes are available from time to time. Check the Web
site www.rabbit.com/support/ for the latest patches, workarounds, and bug fixes.
5.3.1 Extras
Dynamic C installations are designed for use with the board they are included with, and
are included at no charge as part of our low-cost kits.
Starting with Dynamic C version 9.60, which is included with the RCM3900 Development
Kit, Dynamic C includes the popular µC/OS-II real-time operating system, point-to-point
protocol (PPP), FAT file system, RabbitWeb, and other select libraries. Rabbit also offers
for purchase the Rabbit Embedded Security Pack featuring the Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)
and a specific Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) library.
In addition to the Web-based technical support included at no extra charge, a one-year
telephone-based technical support subscription is also available for purchase.
Visit our Web site at www.rabbit.com for further information and complete documentation.
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6. USING THE TCP/IP FEATURES
6.1 TCP/IP Connections
Programming and development can be done with the RCM3900 modules without connecting the Ethernet port to a network. However, if you will be running the sample programs
that use the Ethernet capability or will be doing Ethernet-enabled development, you should
connect the RCM3900 module’s Ethernet port at this time.
Before proceeding you will need to have the following items.
• If you don’t have Ethernet access, you will need at least a 10Base-T Ethernet card
(available from your favorite computer supplier) installed in a PC.
• One Cat. 5 straight through or crossover Ethernet cable.
A Cat. 5 straight-through and a Cat. 5 crossover Ethernet cable are included in the
RCM3900 Development Kit. Figure 11 shows how to identify the two cables based on the
wires in the transparent RJ-45 connectors.
Same
color order
in connectors
StraightThrough
Cable
Different
color order
in connectors
Crossover
Cable
Figure 11. How to Identify Straight-Through and Crossover Ethernet Cables
Ethernet cables and a 10Base-T Ethernet hub are available in a TCP/IP tool kit. More
information is available at www.rabbit.com.
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Now you should be able to make your connections.
1. Connect the AC adapter and the programming cable as shown in Chapter 2, “Getting
Started.”
2. Ethernet Connections
There are four options for connecting the RCM3900 module to a network for development and runtime purposes. The first two options permit total freedom of action in
selecting network addresses and use of the “network,” as no action can interfere with
other users. We recommend one of these options for initial development.
• No LAN — The simplest alternative for desktop development. Connect the RCM3900
module’s Ethernet port directly to the PC’s network interface card using either a Cat. 5
crossover cable or a Cat. 5 straight-through cable.
• Micro-LAN — Another simple alternative for desktop development. Use a small
Ethernet 10Base-T hub and connect both the PC’s network interface card and the
RCM3900 module’s Ethernet port to it using standard network cables.
The following options require more care in address selection and testing actions, as
conflicts with other users, servers and systems can occur:
• LAN — Connect the RCM3900 module’s Ethernet port to an existing LAN, preferably
one to which the development PC is already connected. You will need to obtain IP
addressing information from your network administrator.
• WAN — The RCM3900 is capable of direct connection to the Internet and other Wide
Area Networks, but exceptional care should be used with IP address settings and all
network-related programming and development. We recommend that development and
debugging be done on a local network before connecting a RabbitCore system to the
Internet.
TIP: Checking and debugging the initial setup on a micro-LAN is recommended before
connecting the system to a LAN or WAN.
The PC running Dynamic C does not need to be the PC with the Ethernet card.
3. Apply Power
Plug in the AC adapter. The RCM3900 module and Prototyping Board are now ready to
be used.
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6.2 TCP/IP Primer on IP Addresses
Obtaining IP addresses to interact over an existing, operating, network can involve a number
of complications, and must usually be done with cooperation from your ISP and/or network
systems administrator. For this reason, it is suggested that the user begin instead by using a
direct connection between a PC and the RCM3900.
In order to set up this direct connection, you will have to use a PC without networking, or
disconnect a PC from the corporate network, or install a second Ethernet adapter and set
up a separate private network attached to the second Ethernet adapter. Disconnecting your
PC from the corporate network may be easy or nearly impossible, depending on how it is
set up. If your PC boots from the network or is dependent on the network for some or all
of its disks, then it probably should not be disconnected. If a second Ethernet adapter is
used, be aware that Windows TCP/IP will send messages to one adapter or the other,
depending on the IP address and the binding order in Microsoft products. Thus you should
have different ranges of IP addresses on your private network from those used on the corporate network. If both networks service the same IP address, then Windows may send a
packet intended for your private network to the corporate network. A similar situation will
take place if you use a dial-up line to send a packet to the Internet. Windows may try to
send it via the local Ethernet network if it is also valid for that network.
The following IP addresses are set aside for local networks and are not allowed on the
Internet: 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255, 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255, and 192.168.0.0 to
192.168.255.255.
The RCM3900 uses a 10/100-compatible Ethernet connection. The RJ-45 connectors are
similar to U.S. style telephone connectors, except they are larger and have 8 contacts.
An alternative to the direct connection is a connection using a hub. The hub relays packets
received on any port to all of the ports on the hub. Hubs are low in cost and are readily
available. The RCM3900 uses 10/100 Mbps Ethernet, so the hub or Ethernet adapter
should be a 10/100 Mbps unit.
In a corporate setting where the Internet is brought in via a high-speed line, there are typically machines between the outside Internet and the internal network. These machines
include a combination of proxy servers and firewalls that filter and multiplex Internet traffic. In the configuration below, the RCM3900 could be given a fixed address so any of the
computers on the local network would be able to contact it. It may be possible to configure
the firewall or proxy server to allow hosts on the Internet to directly contact the controller,
but it would probably be easier to place the controller directly on the external network outside of the firewall. This avoids some configuration complications by sacrificing some
security.
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Hub(s)
T1 in
Adapter
Firewall
Proxy
Server
Ethernet
Network
Ethernet
Typical Corporate Network
RCM3900
System
If your system administrator can give you an Ethernet cable along with the network IP
address, the netmask and the gateway address, then you may be able to run the sample
programs without having to setup a direct connection between your computer and the
RCM3900. You will also need the IP address of the nameserver, the name or IP address of
your mail server, and your domain name for some of the sample programs.
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6.2.1 IP Addresses Explained
IP (Internet Protocol) addresses are expressed as 4 decimal numbers separated by periods,
for example:
216.103.126.155
10.1.1.6
Each decimal number must be between 0 and 255. The total IP address is a 32-bit number
consisting of the 4 bytes expressed as shown above. A local network uses a group of adjacent IP addresses. There are always 2N IP addresses in a local network. The netmask (also
called subnet mask) determines how many IP addresses belong to the local network. The
netmask is also a 32-bit address expressed in the same form as the IP address. An example
netmask is:
255.255.255.0
This netmask has 8 zero bits in the least significant portion, and this means that 28
addresses are a part of the local network. Applied to the IP address above
(216.103.126.155), this netmask would indicate that the following IP addresses belong to
the local network:
216.103.126.0
216.103.126.1
216.103.126.2
etc.
216.103.126.254
216.103.126.255
The lowest and highest address are reserved for special purposes. The lowest address
(216.102.126.0) is used to identify the local network. The highest address
(216.102.126.255) is used as a broadcast address. Usually one other address is used for the
address of the gateway out of the network. This leaves 256 - 3 = 253 available IP
addresses for the example given.
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6.2.2 How IP Addresses are Used
The actual hardware connection via an Ethernet uses Ethernet adapter addresses (also
called MAC addresses). These are 48-bit addresses and are unique for every Ethernet
adapter manufactured. In order to send a packet to another computer, given the IP address
of the other computer, it is first determined if the packet needs to be sent directly to the
other computer or to the gateway. In either case, there is an Ethernet address on the local
network to which the packet must be sent. A table is maintained to allow the protocol
driver to determine the MAC address corresponding to a particular IP address. If the table
is empty, the MAC address is determined by sending an Ethernet broadcast packet to all
devices on the local network asking the device with the desired IP address to answer with
its MAC address. In this way, the table entry can be filled in. If no device answers, then
the device is nonexistent or inoperative, and the packet cannot be sent.
Some IP address ranges are reserved for use on internal networks, and can be allocated
freely as long as no two internal hosts have the same IP address. These internal IP
addresses are not routed to the Internet, and any internal hosts using one of these reserved
IP addresses cannot communicate on the external Internet without being connected to a
host that has a valid Internet IP address. The host would either translate the data, or it
would act as a proxy.
Each RCM3900 RabbitCore module has its own unique MAC address, which consists of
the prefix 0090C2 followed by a code that is unique to each RCM3900 module. For example, a MAC address might be 0090C2C002C0.
TIP: You can always obtain the MAC address on your board by running the sample program DISPLAY_MAC.C from the SAMPLES\TCPIP folder.
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6.2.3 Dynamically Assigned Internet Addresses
In many instances, devices on a network do not have fixed IP addresses. This is the case
when, for example, you are assigned an IP address dynamically by your dial-up Internet
service provider (ISP) or when you have a device that provides your IP addresses using
the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). The RCM3900 modules can use such
IP addresses to send and receive packets on the Internet, but you must take into account
that this IP address may only be valid for the duration of the call or for a period of time,
and could be a private IP address that is not directly accessible to others on the Internet.
These addresses can be used to perform some Internet tasks such as sending e-mail or
browsing the Web, but it is more difficult to participate in conversations that originate
elsewhere on the Internet. If you want to find out this dynamically assigned IP address,
under Windows 98 you can run the winipcfg program while you are connected and look
at the interface used to connect to the Internet.
Many networks use IP addresses that are assigned using DHCP. When your computer
comes up, and periodically after that, it requests its networking information from a DHCP
server. The DHCP server may try to give you the same address each time, but a fixed IP
address is usually not guaranteed.
If you are not concerned about accessing the RCM3900 from the Internet, you can place
the RCM3900 on the internal network using an IP address assigned either statically or
through DHCP.
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6.3 Placing Your Device on the Network
In many corporate settings, users are isolated from the Internet by a firewall and/or a
proxy server. These devices attempt to secure the company from unauthorized network
traffic, and usually work by disallowing traffic that did not originate from inside the network. If you want users on the Internet to communicate with your RCM3900, you have
several options. You can either place the RCM3900 directly on the Internet with a real
Internet address or place it behind the firewall. If you place the RCM3900 behind the firewall, you need to configure the firewall to translate and forward packets from the Internet
to the RCM3900.
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6.4 Running TCP/IP Sample Programs
We have provided a number of sample programs demonstrating various uses of TCP/IP for
networking embedded systems. These programs require you to connect your PC and the
RCM3900 board together on the same network. This network can be a local private network (preferred for initial experimentation and debugging), or a connection via the Internet.
RCM3900
System
User’s PC
Cat. 5
Ethernet
cable
Direct Connection
(network of 2 computers)
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
RCM3900
System
Ethernet
cables
To additional
network
Hub
elements
Direct Connection Using a Hub
65
6.4.1 How to Set IP Addresses in the Sample Programs
With the introduction of Dynamic C 7.30 we have taken steps to make it easier to run
many of our sample programs. You will see a TCPCONFIG macro. This macro tells
Dynamic C to select your configuration from a list of default configurations. You will
have three choices when you encounter a sample program with the TCPCONFIG macro.
1. You can replace the TCPCONFIG macro with individual MY_IP_ADDRESS, MY_NETMASK, MY_GATEWAY, and MY_NAMESERVER macros in each program.
2. You can leave TCPCONFIG at the usual default of 1, which will set the IP configurations
to 10.10.6.100, the netmask to 255.255.255.0, and the nameserver and gateway
to 10.10.6.1. If you would like to change the default values, for example, to use an IP
address of 10.1.1.2 for the RCM3900 board, and 10.1.1.1 for your PC, you can edit
the values in the section that directly follows the “General Configuration” comment in
the TCP_CONFIG.LIB library. You will find this library in the LIB\TCPIP directory.
3. You can create a CUSTOM_CONFIG.LIB library and use a TCPCONFIG value greater
than 100. Instructions for doing this are at the beginning of the TCP_CONFIG.LIB
library in the LIB\TCPIP directory.
There are some other “standard” configurations for TCPCONFIG that let you select different features such as DHCP. Their values are documented at the top of the TCP_CONFIG.LIB library in the LIB\TCPIP directory. More information is available in the
Dynamic C TCP/IP User’s Manual.
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6.4.2 How to Set Up your Computer for Direct Connect
Follow these instructions to set up your PC or notebook. Check with your administrator if
you are unable to change the settings as described here since you may need administrator
privileges. The instructions are specifically for Windows 2000, but the interface is similar
for other versions of Windows.
TIP: If you are using a PC that is already on a network, you will disconnect the PC from
that network to run these sample programs. Write down the existing settings before
changing them to facilitate restoring them when you are finished with the sample programs and reconnect your PC to the network.
1. Go to the control panel (Start > Settings > Control Panel), and then double-click the
Network icon.
2. Select the network interface card used for the Ethernet interface you intend to use (e.g.,
TCP/IP Xircom Credit Card Network Adapter) and click on the “Properties” button.
Depending on which version of Windows your PC is running, you may have to select
the “Local Area Connection” first, and then click on the “Properties” button to bring up
the Ethernet interface dialog. Then “Configure” your interface card for a “10Base-T
Half-Duplex” or an “Auto-Negotiation” connection on the “Advanced” tab.
NOTE: Your network interface card will likely have a different name.
3. Now select the IP Address tab, and check Specify an IP Address, or select TCP/IP and
click on “Properties” to assign an IP address to your computer (this will disable “obtain
an IP address automatically”):
IP Address : 10.10.6.101
Netmask : 255.255.255.0
Default gateway : 10.10.6.1
4. Click or to exit the various dialog boxes.
RCM3900
System
IP 10.10.6.101
Netmask
255.255.255.0
User’s PC
Cat. 5
Ethernet
cable
Direct Connection PC to RCM3900 Board
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6.5 Run the PINGME.C Sample Program
Connect a Cat. 5 Ethernet cable from your computer’s Ethernet port to the RCM3900
board’s RJ-45 Ethernet connector. Open this sample program from the SAMPLES\TCPIP\
ICMP folder, compile the program, and start it running under Dynamic C. When the program
starts running, the green LNK/ACT light on the RCM3900 module should be on to indicate
an Ethernet connection is made. (Note: If the LNK/ACT light does not light and you are
using a hub, check that the power is not off on the hub.)
The next step is to ping the board from your PC. This can be done by bringing up the MSDOS window and running the pingme program:
ping 10.10.6.100
or by Start > Run
and typing the entry
ping 10.10.6.100
Notice that the green LNK/ACT light flashes on the RCM3900 module while the ping is
taking place, and indicates the transfer of data. The ping routine will ping the board four
times and write a summary message on the screen describing the operation.
6.6 Running Additional Sample Programs With Direct Connect
The sample programs discussed here are in the Dynamic C SAMPLES\RCM3900\TCPIP\
folder.
The program BROWSELED.C demonstrates how to make the RCM3900 board be a Web
server. Two “LEDs” are created on the Web page, along with two buttons to toggle them.
Users can change the status of the lights from the Web browser. The LEDs on the Prototyping Board match the ones on the Web page. As long as you have not modified the
TCPCONFIG 1 macro in the sample program, enter the following server address in your
Web browser to bring up the Web page served by the sample program.
http://10.10.6.100.
Otherwise use the TCP/IP settings you entered in the TCP_CONFIG.LIB library.
The optional LCD/keypad module (see Appendix C) must be plugged in to the RCM3900
Prototyping Board when using this sample program. The sample program MBOXDEMO.C
implements a Web server that allows e-mail messages to be entered and then shown on the
LCD/keypad module. The keypad allows the user to scroll within messages, flip to other
e-mails, mark messages as read, and delete e-mails. When a new e-mail arrives, an LED
(on the Prototyping Board and LCD/keypad module) turns on, then turns back off once the
message has been marked as read. A log of all e-mail actions is kept, and can be displayed
in the Web browser. All current e-mails can also be read with the Web browser.
The sample program PINGLED.C demonstrates ICMP by pinging a remote host. It will
flash LEDs DS1 and DS2 on the Prototyping Board when a ping is sent and received.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
68
The sample program SMTP.C allows you to send an e-mail when a switch on the Prototyping Board is pressed. Follow the instructions included with the sample program. LED DS1
on the Prototyping Board will light up when sending e-mail. Note that pin PB7 is connected to both switch S2 and to the external I/O bus on the Prototyping Board, and so
switch S2 should not be used with Ethernet operations.
6.6.1 RabbitWeb Sample Programs
The sample programs can be found in the SAMPLES\RCM3900\TCPIP\RABBITWEB
folder.
• BLINKLEDS.C—This program demonstrates a basic example to change the rate at
which the DS1 and DS2 LEDs on the Prototyping Board blink.
• DOORMONITOR.C—The optional LCD/keypad module (see Appendix C) must be plugged
in to the RCM3900 Prototyping Board when using this sample program. This program
demonstrates adding and monitoring passwords entered via the LCD/keypad module.
• SPRINKLER.C—This program demonstrates how to schedule times for the digital outputs in a 24-hour period using the Prototyping Board.
The Web page uses the following setup.
Station 1 is connected to the relay on Prototyping Board header J17.
Station 2 is connected to OUT00 on Prototyping Board header J10.
Station 3 is connected to OUT01 on Prototyping Board header J10.
Zones 1, 2 and 3 are watering areas where stations are turned on or off at different times.
The Pages/sprinkler.zhtml page associated with this sample program demonstrates
the corresponding scripting features.
The real-time clock must be set before you compile and run this sample program — see
Section 3.2.4 for information on sample programs that show how to set the real-time
clock.
Once you compile and run this sample program, open the Web page, enter the times for
the various zones and stations, then press the Submit button to update the settings.
You may connect Rabbit’s Demonstration Board to the Prototyping Board's relay and
two outputs to view the on and off intervals via the LEDs on the Demonstration Board.
The Demonstration Board is not included with the Development Kit, but may be purchased separately
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
69
6.7 Where Do I Go From Here?
NOTE: If you purchased your RCM3900 through a distributor or through a Rabbit partner, contact the distributor or partner first for technical support.
If there are any problems at this point:
• Use the Dynamic C Help menu to get further assistance with Dynamic C.
• Check the Rabbit Technical Bulletin Board and forums at www.rabbit.com/support/bb/
and at www.rabbit.com/forums/.
• Use the Technical Support e-mail form at www.rabbit.com/support/.
If the sample programs ran fine, you are now ready to go on.
Additional sample programs are described in the Dynamic C TCP/IP User’s Manual.
Please refer to the Dynamic C TCP/IP User’s Manual to develop your own applications.
An Introduction to TCP/IP provides background information on TCP/IP, and is available
on the CD and on our Web site.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
70
APPENDIX A. RCM3900 SPECIFICATIONS
Appendix A provides the specifications for the RCM3900, and describes the conformal
coating.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
71
A.1 Electrical and Mechanical Characteristics
Figure A-1 shows the mechanical dimensions for the RCM3900.
1.850
0.12
(47.0)
(3.0)
0.178
1.375
(4.5)
(34.9)
R15
C1
C11
C14
(69.2)
2.725
JP9
JP8
U7 R19
R20
D1
U9
Q2
RCM39XX
R32
R34
DS2
DS3
DS1
SPD LNK FDX
ACT COL
R33
Q1
C48
R31
R29 U10
R35
C47
JP14
R28
CE
C46
C45
R30
C40 R22
C43 U8
2
1
BSY
C49
C50
JP13
JP12
JP11
R27
R24 Y3
R25 R26
C44 C39
C38
R21
R23
Please refer to the RCM3900
footprint diagram later in
this appendix for precise
header locations.
(33.5)
(17.5)
0.690
C34
1.320
C31
C30
0.47
Y2
C29
J3
L2
C37
R18
L1
C33
R16
(11.9)
C26
C32
JP10
C27 C22
C23
R14
C28 C25
R13
C36
R12
U6
R17 C19 C15
C18
JP7
C13
C35
C16
(24.9)
C10
C17
C24 C20
C21
0.980
C4
R10
U5
C3
R9
R8
C7
R7
C8
C9
U4
R11
C41
C42
The height of connector J2
is 0.095" (2.4 mm).
JP2 JP3 JP4 JP5
R5
R6
U3
C12
(2.5)
J2
R4
Y1 C5
C6
0.100 dia
JP1
U2
J1
C2
R2
R3
R1
U1
DS4
0.17
(4.3)
0.97
(22)
(6.2)
0.245
(2.2)
J61
0.087
(47.0)
(1.6)
1.850
0.063
J62
0.86
(14)
0.55
(24.7)
Figure A-1. RCM3900 Dimensions
NOTE: All measurements are in inches followed by millimeters enclosed in parentheses.
All dimensions have a manufacturing tolerance of ±0.01" (0.2 mm).
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
72
It is recommended that you allow for an “exclusion zone” of 0.04" (1 mm) around the
RCM3900 in all directions when the RCM3900 is incorporated into an assembly that
includes other printed circuit boards. An “exclusion zone” of 0.16" (4 mm) is recommended below the RCM3900 when the RCM3900 is plugged into another assembly using
the shortest connectors for header J1. Figure A-2 shows this “exclusion zone.”
2.81
(2)
0.08
0.6
(16)
(71.2)
2.725
(69.2)
Exclusion
Zone
1.93
(2)
0.08
0.6
(16)
(49.0)
J62
1.850
J61
(47.0)
Figure A-2. RCM3900 “Exclusion Zone”
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
73
Table A-1 lists the electrical, mechanical, and environmental specifications for the RCM3900.
Table A-1. RabbitCore RCM3900 Specifications
Parameter
RCM3900
RCM3910
Microprocessor
Low-EMI Rabbit® 3000 at 44.2 MHz
EMI Reduction
Spectrum spreader for reduced EMI (radiated emissions)
Ethernet Port
10/100Base-T, RJ-45, 3 LEDs
SRAM
512K program (fast SRAM) + 512K data
Flash Memory
(program)
Memory
(data storage)
512K
32MB (fixed NAND flash)
+ 128MB–1GB microSD™
Card
128MB–1GB microSD™ Card
LED Indicators
LINK/ACT (link/activity)
FDX/COL (full-duplex/collisions)
SPEED (on for 100Base-T Ethernet connection)
CE/BSY (not used/user-programmable)
Backup Battery
Connection for user-supplied backup battery
(to support RTC and data SRAM)
52 parallel digital I/0 lines:
• 44 configurable I/O
• 4 fixed inputs
• 4 fixed outputs
General-Purpose
I/O
Additional Inputs
Startup mode (2), reset in
Additional
Outputs
External I/O Bus
Status, reset out
Can be configured for 8 data lines and
5 address lines (shared with parallel I/O lines), plus I/O read/write
Five 3.3 V, CMOS-compatible ports (shared with I/O)
• all 5 configurable as asynchronous (with IrDA)
Serial Ports
• 3 configurable as clocked serial (SPI)
• 2 configurable as SDLC/HDLC
• 1 asynchronous serial port dedicated for programming
Serial Rate
Slave Interface
Maximum asynchronous baud rate = CLK/8
A slave port allows the RCM3900/RCM3910 to be used as an
intelligent peripheral device slaved to a master processor, which
may either be another Rabbit 3000 or any other type of processor
Real-Time Clock
Timers
Yes
Ten 8-bit timers (6 cascadable, 3 reserved for internal peripherals),
one 10-bit timer with 2 match registers
Watchdog/Superv
isor
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
Yes
74
Table A-1. RabbitCore RCM3900 Specifications (continued)
Parameter
RCM3900
Pulse-Width
Modulators
RCM3910
4 PWM registers with 10-bit free-running counter
and priority interrupts
Input Capture
2-channel input capture can be used to time input signals from
various port pins
Quadrature
Decoder
2-channel quadrature decoder accepts inputs from external
incremental encoder modules
Power
Operating
Temperature
Humidity
3.15–3.45 V DC
325 mA @ 44.2 MHz, 3.3 V
-20°C to +85°C
5% to 95%, noncondensing
Connectors
Two 2 × 17, 2 mm pitch
One 2 × 5 for programming with 1.27 mm pitch
One microSD™ Card socket
Board Size
1.850" × 2.725" × 0.86"
(47 mm × 69 mm × 22 mm)
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
75
A.1.1 Headers
The RCM3900 uses headers at J61 and J62 for physical connection to other boards. J61
and J62 are 2 × 17 SMT headers with a 2 mm pin spacing. J1, the programming port, is a
2 × 5 header with a 1.27 mm pin spacing.
(35.7)
1.405
(2.0)
0.079
(28.5)
(30.4)
1.199
(30.6)
1.121
1.205
(26.5)
1.043
(24.2)
0.953
(28.9)
1.136
(8.0)
0.314
(2.0)
0.079
(2.5)
0.100 dia
(34.1)
1.341
(28.6)
1.125
(0.5)
J1
0.020 sq typ
J61
J62
Figure A-3 shows the layout of another board for the RCM3900 to be plugged into. These
values are relative to the mounting hole.
(34.9)
(8.3)
0.328
(0.25)
1.375
0.010
RCM3900 Series
Footprint
0.475
(12.1)
Figure A-3. User Board Footprint for RCM3900
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
76
A.2 Bus Loading
You must pay careful attention to bus loading when designing an interface to the
RCM3900. This section provides bus loading information for external devices.
Table A-2 lists the capacitance for the various RCM3900 I/O ports.
Table A-2. Capacitance of Rabbit 3000 I/O Ports
I/O Ports
Input
Capacitance
(pF)
Output
Capacitance
(pF)
12
14
Parallel Ports A to G
Table A-3 lists the external capacitive bus loading for the various RCM3900 output ports.
Be sure to add the loads for the devices you are using in your custom system and verify
that they do not exceed the values in Table A-3.
Table A-3. External Capacitive Bus Loading -40°C to +85°C
Output Port
All I/O lines with clock
doubler enabled
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
Clock Speed
(MHz)
Maximum External
Capacitive Loading (pF)
22.1
100
77
Figure A-4 shows a typical timing diagram for the Rabbit 3000 microprocessor external
I/O read and write cycles.
External I/O Read (one programmed wait state)
T1
Tw
T2
CLK
A[15:0]
valid
Tadr
/CSx
/IOCSx
TCSx
TCSx
TIOCSx
TIOCSx
/IORD
TIORD
TIORD
/BUFEN
TBUFEN
Tsetup
TBUFEN
D[7:0]
valid
Thold
External I/O Write (one programmed wait state)
T1
Tw
T2
CLK
A[15:0]
valid
Tadr
/CSx
/IOCSx
TCSx
TCSx
TIOCSx
TIOCSx
/IOWR
/BUFEN
D[7:0]
TIOWR
TIOWR
TBUFEN
TBUFEN
valid
TDHZV
TDVHZ
Figure A-4. I/O Read and Write Cycles—No Extra Wait States
NOTE: /IOCSx can be programmed to be active low (default) or active high.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
78
Table A-4 lists the delays in gross memory access time.
Table A-4. Data and Clock Delays VIN ±10%, Temp, -40°C–+85°C (maximum)
Clock to Address Output Delay
(ns)
30 pF
60 pF
90 pF
Data Setup
Time Delay
(ns)
6
8
11
1
VIN
3.3 V
Spectrum Spreader Delay
(ns)
Normal
Strong
no dbl/dbl
no dbl/dbl
3/4.5
4.5/9
The measurements are taken at the 50% points under the following conditions.
• T = -40°C to 85°C, V = VDD ±10%
• Internal clock to nonloaded CLK pin delay 1 ns @ 85°C/3.0 V
The clock to address output delays are similar, and apply to the following delays.
• Tadr, the clock to address delay
• TCSx, the clock to memory chip select delay
• TIOCSx, the clock to I/O chip select delay
• TIORD, the clock to I/O read strobe delay
• TIOWR, the clock to I/O write strobe delay
• TBUFEN, the clock to I/O buffer enable delay
The data setup time delays are similar for both Tsetup and Thold.
When the spectrum spreader is enabled with the clock doubler, every other clock cycle is
shortened (sometimes lengthened) by a maximum amount given in the table above. The
shortening takes place by shortening the high part of the clock. If the doubler is not
enabled, then every clock is shortened during the low part of the clock period. The maximum shortening for a pair of clocks combined is shown in the table.
Technical Note TN227, Interfacing External I/O with Rabbit 2000/3000 Designs, contains suggestions for interfacing I/O devices to the Rabbit 3000 microprocessors.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
79
A.3 Rabbit 3000 DC Characteristics
Table A-5. Rabbit 3000 Absolute Maximum Ratings
Symbol
Parameter
Maximum Rating
TA
Operating Temperature
-55° to +85°C
TS
Storage Temperature
-65° to +150°C
Maximum Input Voltage:
• Oscillator Buffer Input
• 5-V-tolerant I/O
VDD
Maximum Operating Voltage
VDD + 0.5 V
5.5 V
3.6 V
Stresses beyond those listed in Table A-5 may cause permanent damage. The ratings are
stress ratings only, and functional operation of the Rabbit 3000 chip at these or any other
conditions beyond those indicated in this section is not implied. Exposure to the absolute
maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect the reliability of the Rabbit
3000 chip.
Table A-6 outlines the DC characteristics for the Rabbit 3000 at 3.3 V over the recommended operating temperature range from TA = –55°C to +85°C, VDD = 3.0 V to 3.6 V.
Table A-6. 3.3 Volt DC Characteristics
Symbol
Parameter
Test Conditions
Min
Typ
Max
Units
3.3
3.6
V
VDD
Supply Voltage
3.0
VIH
High-Level Input Voltage
2.0
VIL
Low-Level Input Voltage
VOH
High-Level Output Voltage
IOH = 6.8 mA,
VDD = VDD (min)
VOL
Low-Level Output Voltage
IOL = 6.8 mA,
VDD = VDD (min)
IIH
High-Level Input Current
VIN = VDD,
IIL
Low-Level Input Current
IOZ
0.8
0.7 x
VDD
(absolute worst case, all buffers) VDD = VDD (max)
VIN = VSS,
(absolute worst case, all buffers) VDD = VDD (max)
High-Impedance State
Output Current
(absolute worst case, all buffers)
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
V
VIN = VDD or VSS,
VDD = VDD (max), no pull-up
V
0.4
V
10
µA
-10
-10
V
µA
10
µA
80
A.4 I/O Buffer Sourcing and Sinking Limit
Unless otherwise specified, the Rabbit I/O buffers are capable of sourcing and sinking
6.8 mA of current per pin at full AC switching speed. Full AC switching assumes a
22.1 MHz CPU clock and capacitive loading on address and data lines of less than 100 pF
per pin. The absolute maximum operating voltage on all I/O is 5.5 V.
Table A-7 shows the AC and DC output drive limits of the parallel I/O buffers when the
Rabbit 3000 is used in the RCM3900.
Table A-7. I/O Buffer Sourcing and Sinking Capability
Output Drive (Full AC Switching)
Pin Name
All data, address, and I/O
lines with clock doubler
enabled
Sourcing/Sinking Limits
(mA)
Sourcing
Sinking
6.8
6.8
Under certain conditions, you can exceed the limits outlined in Table A-7. See the Rabbit
3000 Microprocessor User’s Manual for additional information.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
81
A.5 Conformal Coating
The areas around the 32 kHz real-time clock crystal oscillator have had the Dow Corning
silicone-based 1-2620 conformal coating applied. The conformally coated area is shown
in Figure A-5. The conformal coating protects these high-impedance circuits from the
effects of moisture and contaminants over time.
Conformally coated
areas
R15
JP2 JP3 JP4 JP5
C1
C4
R10
R9
R8
C7
R7
C8
C9
U4
U5
C3
R5
R6
U3
C10
C11
C26
C32
Y2
C31
C30
JP9
JP8
J3
L2
C34
C37
C29
L1
C33
R16
R18
JP10
C27 C22
C23
R14
C28 C25
R13
C36
R12
U6
R17 C19 C15
C18
JP7
C13
C17
C35
C16
C12
C14
R11
C24 C20
C21
J2
R4
Y1 C5
C6
JP1
U2
J1
C2
R2
R3
R1
U1
U7 R19
R20
Q2
RCM39XX
R34
DS2
DS3
DS1
SPD LNK FDX
ACT COL
R32
R33
CE
R29 U10
D1
U9
Q1
C48
R31
C45
R28
R35
JP14
R30
C46
C47
1
C40 R22
C43 U8
2
R25 R26
BSY
JP13
C49
C50
JP11
JP12
C41
C42
R27
R24 Y3
C44 C39
C38
R21
R23
DS4
Figure A-5. RCM3900 Areas Receiving Conformal Coating
Any components in the conformally coated area may be replaced using standard soldering
procedures for surface-mounted components. A new conformal coating should then be
applied to offer continuing protection against the effects of moisture and contaminants.
NOTE: For more information on conformal coatings, refer to Rabbit’s Technical Note
303, Conformal Coatings in the online document suite.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
82
A.6 Jumper Configurations
Figure A-6 shows the header locations used to configure the various RCM3900 options
via jumpers.
RCM3900
JP13
JP11
JP12
JP7
JP8
JP9
JP10
JP2
JP3
JP4
JP5
JP1
JP14
Top Side
Figure A-6. Location of RCM3900 Configurable Positions
Table A-8 lists the configuration options.
Table A-8. RCM3900 Jumper Configurations
Header
Description
JP1
Serial Flash Chip Enable Indicator
1–2
JP2
ACT or PD1 Output
on J61 pin 34
1–2
ACT
2–3
PD1
LINK or PD0 Output
on J61 pin 33
1–2
LINK
2–3
PD0
1–2
ENET
2–3
PE0
1–2
Reserved for future use
2–3
PD1 controls NAND Flash
JP3
JP4
JP5
ENET or PE0 Output
on J62 pin 19
NAND Flash Chip Enable
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
Pins Connected
Factory
Default
n.c.
×
×
×
RCM3900
only
83
Table A-8. RCM3900 Jumper Configurations
Header
Description
JP7
PD6 or TPI– Input
on J61 pin 31
JP8
PD7 or TPI+ Input
on J61 pin 32
JP9
PD2 or TPO– Output
on J61 pin 29
JP10
PD3 or TPO+ Output
on J61 pin 30
JP11
Flash Memory Size
JP12
Flash Memory Bank Select
JP13
JP14
Data SRAM Size
Pins Connected
1–2
TPI–
2–3
PD6
1–2
TPI+
2–3
PD7
1–2
TPO–
2–3
PD2
1–2
TPO+
2–3
PD3
1–2
256K
2–3
512K
1–2
Normal Mode
2–3
Bank Mode
1–2
256K
2–3
512K
1–2
FDX/COL displayed by LED DS1
2–3
Optional ACT displayed by LED
DS1
LED DS1 Display
Factory
Default
×
×
n.c.
×
×
×
×
×
NOTE: The jumper connections are made using 0 surface-mounted resistors.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
84
APPENDIX B. PROTOTYPING BOARD
Appendix B describes the features and accessories of the Prototyping Board.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
85
B.1 Introduction
The Prototyping Board included in the Development Kit makes it easy to connect an
RCM3900 module to a power supply and a PC workstation for development. It also provides some basic I/O peripherals (RS-232, RS-485, a relay, LEDs, and switches), as well
as a prototyping area for more advanced hardware development.
For the most basic level of evaluation and development, the Prototyping Board can be
used without modification.
As you progress to more sophisticated experimentation and hardware development, modifications and additions can be made to the board without modifying or damaging the
RCM3900 module itself.
The Prototyping Board is shown below in Figure B-1, with its main features identified.
Quadrature
Decoder
Terminals
R11
RP1
C10
C11
C12
JP4
C9
C8
C7
R62
R54
R59
R51
R3
R4
R5
R6
R7
R2
R63
R64
R65
R66
R55
R56
R57
R58
OUT
RP2
C13
U4
J11
BT1
Through-Hole
Prototyping Area
U5
R16
R15
R20
/RES_OUT
J10
OUT 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
SERIAL FLASH/
MODEM
PB2
PB0
C5
R19
PB4
PB3
R67
R68
R69
R70
R10
PB6
PB5
U1
R12
RABBITNET
R8 U6 C6
R9
R14
Serial Flash
Socket
U7
U3
L293D
H-DRIVER
C4
R13
R60 R61
C14
C15
PF4 PF6 PE7
PB7
U2
L293D
H-DRIVER
R52 R53
R18
PF5
L1
PF0_QD
R17
PE5
PE6
JP1
PE4
C3
JP2
PE3
C2
D2
JP3
GND
+DC
+DC
GND
J1
J2
PE0
PE1
PF7
J3
PG6
PG7
DS1
GND
J4 VMB MDB1 MDB2 MDB3 MDB4 VMB+ VMA+ MDA1 MDA2 MDA3 MDA4 VMA POWER
PG4
PG5
+5V QD2A QD2B QD1A QD1B GND J5
/IORD
/IOWR
PF0_CLKD
C1
SMODE1
+5V
VRAM
SM0
IN0
VBT
/RES
IN1
+3.3 V
IN2
D1
NC
GND
GND IN3
Voltage
Regulators
R1
J8
GND
J6
Module
Extension Header
Digital RabbitNet
Port
Inputs
{
{
{
H-Bridge
Motor Driver
Terminals
Power
LED
J7
Power
Input
RCM3300
PROTOTYPING
BOARD
GND
Q3
Q4
J12
R50
D4
Q6
R49
Reset
Switch
S2
S3
CORE
D5
D6
D7
J14
R36
C22
C23
C24
JP5
C26
RELAY RATED
0.5 A @ 30 V
BD7
BD6
BD5
BD4
BD3
BD2
BD1
BA3
BA2
BA1
BD0
LCD
/CS
BA0
D6
D2
D4
D0
D3
GND
GND
D1
LED6
GND
A1
LED4
A3
LED2
A0
LED0
LED5
A2
/RES
/CS
LED3
U11
D5
D7
C27
C28
R43
R44
C20
R41
U12
D8
R35
R38
K E Y PA D D IS P LAY B O A R D
LC D 1JB
DS2 DS3 DS4 DS5 DS6
C29
C30
Q5
R47
Relay
Terminals
LC D 1JC
TxE RxE GND TxF RxF 485+ GND 485
{
{
S1
RESET
U9
J13
JB
R46
R27 R28
J9
Module
Extension Header
K1
R45
Q2
J17
R42
DS7
RELAY NO1 COM1 NC1 NO2 COM2 NC2
R25 R26
Q1
C19
R48
GND
STAT
R40
U10
JA
LED1
PA7
UX2
SO20W
+V
PA6
R21 R22 R23 R24
+BKLT
PA5
SOT23-6
PA3
PA4
SOT23-6
PA1
PA2
DX2
C18
PF3
PA0
UX5
CX2
C16
R37
PF2
SMT Prototyping
Area
U8
C17
PF1
J16
LCD1JA
{
PC0
PF0
R33
R34
PC2
PC1
+3.3 V
R39 J15
RX18
UX4
DX1
C25
PC4
PC3
C21
PC6
PC5
RX17
RX15
UX1
SO20W
HO1
PC7
RX16
RX14
CX1
R32
PG0
HO2
PG2
HO3
PD4
HO4
PD2
PD5
PG1
RX13
GND
PD3
PG3
GND
+3.3 V
R30
PD6
R31
PD7
GND/EGND
R29
LINK
+5 V, 3.3 V, and
GND Buses
+5 V
+5 V
CORE MODULE
ACT
{
RCM3900
Module
Connectors
User RS-232
LEDs Signals
User
Switches
Core
LED
RS-485
LCD/Keypad
Module
Connections
Relay User
LED
Figure B-1. Prototyping Board
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
86
B.1.1 Prototyping Board Features
• Power Connection—A power-supply jack and a 3-pin header are provided for connection to the power supply. Note that the 3-pin header is symmetrical, with both outer
pins connected to ground and the center pin connected to the raw V+ input. The cable
of the AC adapter provided with Development Kit ends in a 3-pin plug that connects to
the 3-pin header (J2)—the center pin of J2 is always connected to the positive terminal,
and either edge pin is negative.
Users providing their own power supply should ensure that it delivers 8–30 V DC at 1 A.
• Regulated Power Supply—The raw DC voltage provided at the POWER IN jack is
routed to a 5 V switching voltage regulator, then to a separate 3.3 V linear regulator.
The regulators provide stable power to the RCM3900 module and the Prototyping
Board. The voltage regulators will get warm while in use.
• Power LED—The power LED lights whenever power is connected to the Prototyping
Board.
• Core LED—The core LED lights whenever an RCM3900 module is plugged in correctly on the Prototyping Board and the RCM3900 module is not being reset.
• Relay LED—The relay LED lights whenever the Prototyping Board relay is energized.
• Reset Switch—A momentary-contact, normally open switch is connected directly to the
RCM3900’s /RESET_IN pin. Pressing the switch forces a hardware reset of the system.
• I/O Switches and LEDs—Two momentary-contact, normally open switches are connected to the PG0 and PG1 pins of the RCM3900 module and may be read as inputs by
sample applications.
Four user LEDs (DS3–DS6) are connected to alternate I/O bus pins PA0–PA3 pins of
the RCM3900 module via U8, and may be driven as output indicators. PE7 and PG5
control the registers in U8 as shown in the sample applications.
• Prototyping Area—A generous prototyping area has been provided for the installation
of through-hole components. +3.3 V, +5 V, and Ground buses run along one edge of
this area. Several areas for surface-mount devices are also available. Each SMT pad is
connected to a hole designed to accept a 30 AWG solid wire.
• LCD/Keypad Module—Rabbit’s LCD/keypad module may be plugged in directly to
headers LCD1JA, LCD1JB, and LCD1JC. The signals on headers LCD1JB and
LCD1JC will be available only if the LCD/keypad module is plugged in to header
LCD1JA. Appendix C provides complete information for mounting and using the
LCD/keypad module.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
87
• Module Extension Headers—The complete pin set of the RCM3900 module is duplicated at headers J8 and J9. Developers can solder wires directly into the appropriate
holes, or, for more flexible development, 2 × 17 header strips with a 0.1" pitch can be
soldered into place. See Figure B-4 for the header pinouts.
• Digital I/O—Four digital inputs are available on screw-terminal header J6. See
Figure B-4 for the header pinouts.
• RS-232—Two 3-wire serial ports or one 5-wire RS-232 serial port are available on the
Prototyping Board at screw-terminal header J14.
• RS-485—One RS-485 serial port is available on the Prototyping Board at screw-terminal header J14.
• Quadrature Decoder—Four quadrature decoder inputs (PF0–PF3) from the Rabbit
3000 chip are available on screw-terminal header J5. See Figure B-4 for the header pinouts.
• H-Bridge Motor Driver—Two pairs of H-bridge motor drivers are supported using
screw-terminal headers J3 and J4 on the Prototyping Board for stepper-motor control.
See Figure B-4 for the header pinouts.
• RabbitNet Port—One RS-422 RabbitNet port (shared with the serial flash interface) is
available to allow RabbitNet peripheral cards to be used with the Prototyping Board.
The Prototyping Board cannot be used with RabbitNet peripheral cards when the
RCM3900/RCM3910 is installed.
• Serial Flash Interface—One serial flash interface (shared with the RabbitNet port) is
available to allow Rabbit’s SF1000 series serial flash to be used on the Prototyping
Board. The Prototyping Board cannot be used with the SF1000 series of serial flash
memories when the RCM3900/RCM3910 is installed.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
88
B.2 Mechanical Dimensions and Layout
C7
R62
R59
R54
R51
R3
R4
R5
R6
R7
R2
R63
R64
R65
R66
R55
R56
R57
R58
R10
OUT
JP4
RP1
RP2
J11
BT1
Battery
C13
U4
U5
R16
SERIAL FLASH/
MODEM
J10
OUT 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
R20
/RES_OUT
C5
R19
PB0
R9
R14
RABBITNET
R8 U6 C6
U3
L293D
H-DRIVER
C4
U7
R18
PB2
C8
PF0_QD
R60 R61
C14
C15
PB3
R67
R68
R69
R70
U2
R17
PB4
C12
PB6
C9
PF5
PB5
R13
U1
R12
PB7
PF7
L293D
H-DRIVER
C10
C11
PE5
PE6
PF4 PF6 PE7
PE4
D2
L1
R11
PE3
JP1
PE0
PE1
C3
JP2
PG6
PG7
J3
PG5
C2
R52 R53
JP3
GND
+DC
GND
J1
J2
PG4
DS1
+DC
J4 VMB MDB1 MDB2 MDB3 MDB4 VMB+ VMA+ MDA1 MDA2 MDA3 MDA4 VMA POWER
/IORD
+5V QD2A QD2B QD1A QD1B GND J5
SM0
+5V
SMODE1
/IOWR
PF0_CLKD
C1
/RES
IN0
VRAM
IN1
+3.3 V
VBT
IN2
GND
GND IN3
D1
NC
J6
R1
J8
GND
J7
GND
Figure B-2 shows the mechanical dimensions and layout for the Prototyping Board.
R15
5.25
(133)
RCM3300
PROTOTYPING
BOARD
+5 V
+5 V
GND
CORE MODULE
Q6
R49
S2
S3
CORE
D5
D6
D7
DS2 DS3 DS4 DS5 DS6
J14
C23
C24
JP5
C26
RELAY RATED
0.5 A @ 30 V
BD7
BD6
BD5
BD4
BD3
BD2
BA3
BD1
BD0
BA2
BA1
BA0
D6
D4
D2
GND
D0
LED6
GND
A1
LED4
GND
A3
LED2
LED5
R43
C30
R44
C20
D5
D3
A0
A2
D1
D7
C29
U12
D8
R38
KEYPAD DISPLAY BOARD
Q5
R47
DS7
RELAY NO1 COM1 NC1 NO2 COM2 NC2
D4
R36
C22
LED3
U11
R35
R46
J12
R50
U9
J13
JB
R41
K1
R48
Q4
J17
R42
R45
R27 R28
Q3
C19
C27
R25 R26
Q2
J9
S1
RESET
R40
C28
GND
STAT
LCD
/CS
PA7
Q1
LED0
PA6
LCD1JA
U10
JA
/RES
PA5
UX2
SO20W
+V
PA3
PA4
C16
R21 R22 R23 R24
/CS
PA1
PA2
DX2
J16
LED1
PA0
UX5
CX2
R39 J15
+BKLT
PF3
SOT23-6
PF1
PF2
DX1
SOT23-6
PC0
PF0
UX1
SO20W
U8
+3.3 V
R37
PC1
UX4
C18
PC2
RX18
C17
PC3
RX16
RX17
R33
R34
PC4
RX13
RX14
RX15
C25
PC6
PC5
C21
PG0
PC7
HO1
PG1
HO2
PG2
R32
PG3
CX1
R31
PD4
HO3
PD2
PD5
HO4
PD6
PD3
GND
PD7
GND
+3.3 V
R30
LINK
R29
ACT
GND/EGND
LCD1JB
LCD1JC
TxE RxE GND TxF RxF 485+ GND 485
6.75
(171)
Figure B-2. Prototyping Board Dimensions
NOTE: All measurements are in inches followed by millimeters enclosed in parentheses.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
89
Table B-1 lists the electrical, mechanical, and environmental specifications for the Prototyping Board.
Table B-1. Prototyping Board Specifications
Parameter
Specification
Board Size
5.25" × 6.75" × 1.00" (133 mm × 171 mm × 25 mm)
Operating Temperature
–20°C to +70°C
Humidity
5% to 95%, noncondensing
Input Voltage
8 V to 30 V DC
Maximum Current Draw
800 mA max. for +3.3 V supply,
(including user-added circuits) 1 A total +3.3 V and +5 V combined
Backup Battery
CR2032, 3 V lithium coin-type
4 inputs pulled up, ± 36 V DC,
switching threshold 0.9–2.3 V typical
Digital Inputs
4 sinking outputs,+30 V DC, 500 mA maximum per channel
8 CMOS-level outputs if stepper motor not installed
Digital Outputs
Relay
SPDT relay, 500 mA @ 30 V
Serial Ports
• two 3-wire RS-232 or one RS-232 with RTS/CTS
• one RS-485
Other Serial Interfaces
RabbitNet RS-422 port or serial flash interface*
Other Interfaces
• stepper motor control
• quadrature decoder
• LCD/keypad module
Seven LEDs
LEDs
Prototyping Area
Connectors
•
•
•
•
one power on indicator
one RCM3900 module indicator
four user-configurable LEDs
one relay indicator
Throughhole, 0.1" spacing, additional space for SMT
components
• two 2 × 17, 2 mm pitch sockets for RCM3900 module
• one 2 × 5, 2 mm pitch socket for serial flash*
• six screw-terminal headers for serial ports, digital inputs,
stepper motor control, quadrature decoder, and relay
contacts
• one RJ-45 RabbitNet jack*
Standoffs/Spacers
7, accept 4-40 x 1/2 screws
* This interface is not available when the RCM3900/RCM3910 is installed.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
90
B.3 Power Supply
The RCM3900 requires a regulated 3.15 V to 3.45 V DC power source to operate.
Depending on the amount of current required by the application, different regulators can
be used to supply this voltage.
The Prototyping Board has an onboard +5 V switching power regulator from which a
+3.3 V linear regulator draws its supply. Thus both +5 V and +3.3 V are available on the
Prototyping Board.
The Prototyping Board itself is protected against reverse polarity by a diode at D1 as
shown in Figure B-3.
SWITCHING POWER REGULATOR
POWER
IN
J4
1
2
3
D1
DCIN
DL4003
C1
47 µF
+5 V
LINEAR POWER
REGULATOR +3.3 V
3
U1
330 µH
LM2575
330 µF
10 µF
LM1117
U4
1
2
10 µF
L1
D2
1N5819
Figure B-3. Prototyping Board Power Supply
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
91
B.4 Using the Prototyping Board
The Prototyping Board is actually both a demonstration board and a prototyping board. As
a demonstration board, it can be used with the sample programs to demonstrate the functionality of the RCM3900 right out of the box without any modifications.
The Prototyping Board pinouts are shown in Figure B-4.
GND
IN3
IN2
IN1
IN0
+5 V
+5 v
QD2A
QD2B
QD1A
GND
VMB
MDB1
MDB2
MDB3
MDB4
VMA+
VMB+
MDA1
MDA2
MDA3
DS1
GND
Digital
Inputs
J5
J6
J7
J11
J10
PC1_RxD
PF0_CLK_RES
PD3_RNET_/RTS
PD6_/CTRL
PD5_/CTS
LCD_/CS
BA0
BA1
BA2
BA3
BD0
BD1
BD2
BD3
BD4
BD5
BD6
BD7
OUT00
OUT01
OUT02
OUT03
OUT04
OUT05
OUT06
OUT07
GND
VCC
PC0_TxD
PD2_CE
PD4_DCD
J15
J16
J17
NC2
COM2
NO2
NO1
RS-232
DS7
RELAY
LED
485
GND
J14
485+
User
LEDs
RELAY
CONTACTS
COM1
PB0
PC5
PC4
RxF
DS2 DS3 DS4 DS5 DS6
Core
LED
NC1
TxF
Digital
Outputs
(sinking)
J13
GND
J12
RxE
LINK
PD6
PD2
PD4
PG2
PG0
PC6
PC4
PC2
PC0
PF1
PF3
PA1
PA3
PA5
PA7
GND
J4
TxE
J9
J3
GND
HOUT4
HOUT3
HOUT2
HOUT1
ACT
PD7
PD3
PD5
PG3
PG1
PC7
PC5
PC3
PC1
PF0
PF2
PA0
PA2
PA4
PA6
STATUS
n.c.
+3.3 V
VRAM
SMODE1
/IORD
PG4
PG6
PE0
PE3
PE5
PE7
PF6
PF4
PB6
PB4
PB2
/RES_OUT
MDA4
VMA
J2
J8
GND
GND
VBT
/RES
SMODE0
/IOWR
PG5
PG7
PE1
PE4
PE6
PF7
PF5
PB7
PB5
PB3
PB0
+DC
J1
GND
Power
QD1B
Quadrature
Decoder
Stepper-Motor
Control
RS-485
Figure B-4. Prototyping Board Pinout
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
92
The Prototyping Board comes with the basic components necessary to demonstrate the
operation of the RCM3900. Four user LEDs (DS3–DS6) are connected to alternate I/O
bus pins PA0–PA3 pins of the RCM3900 module via U8, and may be driven as output
indicators when controlled by PE7 and PG5 as shown in the sample applications. Two
switches (S2 and S3) are connected to PG0 and PG1 to demonstrate the interface to the
Rabbit 3000 microprocessor. Reset switch S1 is the hardware reset for the RCM3900.
The Prototyping Board provides the user with RCM3900 connection points brought out conveniently to labeled points at J8 and J9 on the Prototyping Board. Although locations J8 and
J9 are unstuffed, 2 × 17 headers are included in the bag of parts.
RS-232 and RS-485 signals are available on screw-terminal header J14, quadrature
decoder inputs are available on screw-terminal header J5, and digital inputs are available
on screw-terminal header J6. A 1 × 5 header strip from the bag of parts may be installed at
J12 for four sinking digital outputs. The clocked Serial Port B signals from the RCM3900
are used for the microSD™ Card, and cannot be accessed via header J13 on the Prototyping Board.
If you don’t plan to use the LCD/keypad module, additional signals may be brought out on 1 × 5
and 1 × 8 headers from the bag of parts that you install at J15 and J16. If you don’t plan to
use the stepper-motor control option, additional CMOS outputs are available via a 1 × 8
header that you install at J10.
There is a through-hole prototyping space available on the Prototyping Board. The holes in
the prototyping area are spaced at 0.1" (2.5 mm). +3.3 V, +5 V, and GND traces run along
one edges of the prototyping area. Small to medium circuits can be prototyped using pointto-point wiring with 20 to 30 AWG wire between the prototyping area, the +3.3 V, +5 V, and
GND traces, and the surrounding area where surface-mount components may be installed.
Small holes are provided around the surface-mounted components that may be installed
around the prototyping area.
B.4.1 Adding Other Components
There are two sets of pads for 6-pin, 16-pin, and 28-pin devices that can be used for surface-mount prototyping devices. There are also pads that can be used for SMT resistors
and capacitors in an 0805 SMT package. Each component has every one of its pin pads
connected to a hole in which a 30 AWG wire can be soldered (standard wire wrap wire can
be soldered in for point-to-point wiring on the Prototyping Board). Because the traces are
very thin, carefully determine which set of holes is connected to which surface-mount pad.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
93
B.4.2 Digital I/O
B.4.2.1 Digital Inputs
The Prototyping Board has four digital inputs, IN0–IN3, each of which is protected over a
range of –36 V to +36 V. The inputs are pulled up to +3.3 V as shown in Figure B-5.
JP6
+3.3 V
27 kW
®
22 kW
GND
Figure B-5. Prototyping Board Digital Inputs
The four quadrature decoder inputs on screw-terminal header J5 may be used as inputs
IN4–IN7. To use the PF0 signal from the Rabbit microprocessor, which goes to QD1B,
remember to reconfigure the jumper on header JP3 to jumper pins 1–2.
The actual switching threshold is between 0.9 V and 2.3 V. Anything below this value is a
logic 0, and anything above is a logic 1.
The digital inputs are each fully protected over a range of -36 V to +36 V, and can handle
short spikes of ±40 V.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
94
B.4.3 CMOS Digital Outputs
If the stepper-motor option is not used, eight CMOS-level digital outputs are available at
J10, and can each handle up to 25 mA.
B.4.4 Sinking Digital Outputs
Four sinking digital outputs shared with LEDs DS3–DS6 are available at J12, and can each
handle up to 500 mA. Figure B-6 shows a wiring diagram for a typical sinking output.
Vcc
ADD DIODE
WHEN LOAD
IS INDUCTIVE
330 W
1 kW
Figure B-6. Prototyping Board Sinking Digital Outputs
B.4.5 Relay Outputs
Figure B-7 shows the contact connections for the relay on the Prototyping Board. A diode
across the coil provides a return path for inductive spikes, and snubbers across the relay
contacts protect the relay contacts from inductive spikes.
1
3
4
5
6
J17
+3.3 V
1
®
2
10
8
COM1
7
NO1
47 W
100 nF
9
NC1
3
COM2
47 W
4
NO2
47 W
100 nF
100 nF
2
NC2
47 W
100 nF
Figure B-7. Prototyping Board Relay Output Contact Connections
The relay is driven by pin PA4 of the RCM3900 module via U8, and is controlled by PE7
and PG5 as shown in the sample applications.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
95
B.4.6 Serial Communication
The Prototyping Board allows you to access up to three of the serial ports from the
RCM3900/RCM3910. Table B-2 summarizes the configuration options.
Table B-2. Prototyping Board Serial Port Configurations
Serial Port
Signal Header
Configured via
Default Use
Alternate Use
C
J14
JP5*
RS-485
—
JP3
RabbitNet/SF1000
interface†
Rabbit 3000
quadrature decoder
D
J7
J11
E
J14
—
RS-232
—
F
J14
—
RS-232
—
* RS-485 termination and bias resistors are configured via header JP5.
† This interface is not available when the RCM3900/RCM3910 is installed.
Ordinarily, Serial Port D must be configured either to allow J7 to be used as a RabbitNet
port or to allow J11 to be used as a serial interface for the SF1000 series serial flash. When
other RabbitCore modules supplied with this Prototyping Board in their Development Kit
are plugged into the Prototyping Board, PD2 is configured in software to enable the RS-422
transceiver for the RabbitNet SPI interface. PD2 is not brought out from the RCM3900/
RCM3910. Serial Port D may be used as a serial port via the Prototyping Board when the
RCM3900/RCM3910 is installed with PC0 and PC1 to a serial transceiver of your own in
the prototyping area.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
96
B.4.6.1 RS-232
RS-232 serial communication on the Prototyping Board is supported by an RS-232 transceiver installed at U9. This transceiver provides the voltage output, slew rate, and input
voltage immunity required to meet the RS-232 serial communication protocol. Basically,
the chip translates the Rabbit 3000’s signals to RS-232 signal levels. Note that the polarity
is reversed in an RS-232 circuit so that a +5 V output becomes approximately -10 V and 0
V is output as +10 V. The RS-232 transceiver also provides the proper line loading for
reliable communication.
RS-232 can be used effectively at the RCM3900 module’s maximum baud rate for distances
of up to 15 m.
RS-232 flow control on an RS-232 port is initiated in software using the
serXflowcontrolOn() function call from the LIB\RS232.LIB, where X is the serial
port (E or F). The locations of the flow control lines are specified using a set of five macros.
SERX_RTS_PORT—Data register for the parallel port that the RTS line is on (e.g., PGDR).
SERX_RTS_SHADOW—Shadow register for the RTS line's parallel port (e.g., PGDRShadow).
SERX_RTS_BIT—The bit number for the RTS line.
SERX_CTS_PORT—Data register for the parallel port that the CTS line is on (e.g., PCDRShadow).
SERX_CTS_BIT—The bit number for the CTS line.
Standard 3-wire RS-232 communication using Serial Ports E and F is illustrated in the following sample code.
#define EINBUFSIZE 15
#define EOUTBUFSIZE 15
// set size of circular buffers in bytes
#define FINBUFSIZE 15
#define FOUTBUFSIZE 15
#define MYBAUD 115200
#endif
main(){
serEopen(_MYBAUD);
serFopen(_MYBAUD);
serEwrFlush();
serErdFlush();
serFwrFlush();
serFrdFlush();
serEclose(_MYBAUD);
serFclose(_MYBAUD);
}
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
// set baud rate
// open Serial Ports E and F
// flush their input and transmit buffers
// close Serial Ports C and D
97
B.4.6.2 RS-485
The Prototyping Board has one RS-485 serial channel, which is connected to the Rabbit
3000 Serial Port C through an RS-485 transceiver. The half-duplex communication uses
an output from PD7 on the Rabbit 3000 to control the transmit enable on the communication line. Using this scheme a strict master/slave relationship must exist between devices
to insure that no two devices attempt to drive the bus simultaneously.
Serial Port C is configured in software for RS-485 as follows.
#define
#define
#define
#define
#define
#define
ser485open serCopen
ser485close serCclose
ser485wrFlush serCwrFlush
ser485rdFlush serCrdFlush
ser485putc serCputc
ser485getc serCgetc
#define CINBUFSIZE 15
#define COUTBUFSIZE 15
#ifndef _485BAUD
#define _485BAUD 115200
#endif
The configuration shown above is based on circular buffers. RS-485 configuration may
also be done using functions from the LIB\PACKET.LIB library.
GND
RS485+
RS-485
GND
RS485+
RS-485
GND
RS485+
RS-485
The Prototyping Boards with RCM3900 modules installed can be used in an RS-485 multidrop network spanning up to 1200 m (4000 ft), and there can be as many as 32 attached
devices. Connect the 485+ to 485+ and 485– to 485– using single twisted-pair wires as
shown in Figure B-8. Note that a common ground is recommended.
Figure B-8. Multidrop Network
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
98
J2
C7
R62
R59
R3
R4
R5
R6
R7
R2
R63
R64
R65
R66
SERIAL FLASH/
MODEM
C14
C15
R20
R19
R18
R38
D2
D6
D0
D3
D4
A1
A0
D1
GND
D5
D7
R44
C28
C27
C29
KEYPAD DISPLAY BOARD
Colored edge
C30
Q5
LCD1JC
R47
To
PC USB port
RELAY RATED
0.5 A @ 30 V
BD7
BD6
BD5
BD4
BD3
BD2
BD1
BD0
BA3
BA2
BA1
BA0
LED6
GND
A3
LED4
GND
A2
LED5
C20
D8
DS7
RELAY NO1 COM1 NC1 NO2 COM2 NC2
R5
R6
C11
C10
JP2 JP3 JP4 JP5
R4
R2
U1
C21
U12
R48
U3
J1
U2
R15
HO1
U11
R43
C8
C9
U4
HO2
R42
R45
Y1 C5
JP1
J2
R32
R41
C18
C13
R11
HO3
LED2
C17
L1
HO4
LED0
DS1
J3
C33
GND
/RES
C26
C32
R30
+V
L2
R16
R31
C19
K1
LCD1JB
TxE RxE GND TxF RxF 485+ GND 485
/CS
C31
R14
R29
R40
R35
JP5
C26
LED3
C34
Y2 C30
R13
R12
DS2 DS3 DS4 DS5 DS6
J14
LCD
/CS
R18
U6
D7
J17
Programming Cable
U10
R36
LED1
DS2
R33
R21
U7 R19
D6
+BKLT
DS3
R34
R20
C29
CORE
SOT23-6
JP14
C46
Q1
RESET
S3
D5
C22
C23
C24
LCD1JA
SOT23-6
R28
R49
S2
U9
J16
R37
R29 U10
D4
Q6
S1
RESET
C12
R50
C1
J9
J12
DX2
UX2
SO20W
J13
JB
UX5
+3.3 V
R39 J15
RX18
DX1
R1
R27 R28
Q4
RX17
UX4
R3
Q2
RX14
RX15
C6
R25 R26
Q1
RX16
C16
GND
C24 C20
C21
PA7
JA
Q3
C2
PA6
STAT
C7
R7
PA5
C28 C25
PA4
R21 R22 R23 R24
C4
PA3
C3
PA1
PA2
R10
PF3
PA0
C16
R9
PF1
PF2
CX2
R8
PF0
C37
PC0
RX13
DIAG
Q2
D1
C45
C38
PC2
PC1
GND
+3.3 V
UX1
SO20W
U5
PC3
U8
GND
CX1
C14
PC4
R17 C19 C15
PC6
PC5
JP7
PG0
PC7
JP9
PG1
JP8
PG2
C27 C22
C23
PD4
C36
PD2
PD5
JP10
PD3
PG3
GND/EGND
C35
PD6
+5 V
+5 V
C18
DS4
RCM39XX
U9
JP13
C44 C39
C40 R22
C43 U8
R27
R30
C47
LINK
R54
JP11
JP12
R15
C49
C50
R32
C48
R31
R35
CE
BSY
SPD LNK FDX
ACT COL
CORE MODULE
PD7
R55
R56
R57
R58
C13
R16
R46
C12
C10
C11
JP4
C9
U5
RCM3300
PROTOTYPING
BOARD
ACT
R10
R11
RP2
RP1
U4
C17
/RES_OUT
C8
R33
PROG
R34
PB0
R67
R68
R69
R70
C25
PB2
J11
BT1
R17
PF4 PF6 PE7
PB4
PB3
OUT
R23
PB6
PB5
C5
OUT 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07
1
PB7
R12
R9
R14
RABBITNET
R8 U6 C6
J10
R25 R26
PF5
U1
U7
U3
L293D
H-DRIVER
C4
R13
R60 R61
R24 Y3
PE6
L293D
H-DRIVER
2
PE5
U2
R52 R53
C41
C42
PE4
JP1
PE3
JP2
PE0
PE1
PF7
J3
PG6
PG7
C3
R51
+DC
GND
J1
PG5
C2
D2
L1
PF0_QD
JP3
GND
DS1
+DC
J4 VMB MDB1 MDB2 MDB3 MDB4 VMB+ VMA+ MDA1 MDA2 MDA3 MDA4 VMA POWER
PG4
+5V QD2A QD2B QD1A QD1B GND J5
/IORD
+5V
SM0
/IOWR
PF0_CLKD
C1
SMODE1
IN0
VRAM
IN1
+3.3 V
VBT
IN2
GND
/RES
GND IN3
D1
NC
J6
R1
J8
GND
J7
GND
The Prototyping Board comes with a 220 termination resistor and two 681 bias resistors installed and enabled with jumpers across pins 1–2 and 5–6 on header JP5, as shown
in Figure B-9.
RESET RCM3900 when changing mode:
Momentarily short out pins 2832 on RCM3900 header J62, OR
Press RESET button (if using Prototyping Board), OR
Cycle power off/on
after removing or attaching programming cable.
Figure B-9. RS-485 Termination and Bias Resistors
For best performance, the termination resistors in a multidrop network should be enabled
only on the end nodes of the network, but not on the intervening nodes. Jumpers on boards
whose termination resistors are not enabled may be stored across pins 1–3 and 4–6 of
header JP5.
B.4.7 RabbitNet Port
The RJ-45 jack labeled RabbitNet is a clocked SPI RS-422 serial I/O expansion port for
use with RabbitNet peripheral boards. The RabbitNet port is unavailable when an
RCM3900/RCM3910 is in place on the Prototyping Board.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
99
B.4.8 Other Prototyping Board Modules
An optional LCD/keypad module is available that can be mounted on the Prototyping
Board. The signals on headers LCD1JB and LCD1JC will be available only if the LCD/
keypad module is installed. Refer to Appendix C, “LCD/Keypad Module,” for complete
information.
B.4.9 Quadrature Decoder
Four quadrature decoder inputs are available on screw-terminal header J5. To use the PF0
input from the Rabbit microprocessor, which goes to the QD1B input, remember to reconfigure the jumper on header JP3 to jumper pins 1–2.
Additional information on the use of the quadrature decoders on Parallel Port F is provided in the Rabbit 3000 Microprocessor User’s Manual.
B.4.10 Stepper-Motor Control
The Prototyping Board can be used to demonstrate the use of the RCM3900 to control a
stepper motor. Stepper motor control typically directs moves in two orthogonal directions,
and so two sets of stepper-motor control circuits are provided for via screw-terminal headers J3 and J4.
DS1
C7
R7
R2
R3
R4
R5
R6
R10
C14
C15
R19
R18
C49
C50
DS4
RCM39XX
U9
U5
JP13
Q2
D1
R28
C45
R29 U10
R16
SER
MO IAL FL
DEM ASH
/
R51
JP3
R57
R58
BT1
J11
R20
07
JP11
JP12
C13
06
RP2
R17
C10
C11
C12
04 05
RABBITNET
R8 U6 C6
R9
C5
C43
R27
R15
C41
C42
C9
U7
OUT
02 03
RP1
JP4
R55
R56
JP1
R11
JP2
PF6
R59
+DC
J1
GND
01
R14
R60 R61
R63
R64
R65
R66
J2
J10
PF0_QD
U3
L293D
H-DRIVER
C4
R13
R52 R53
R62
J3
U2
R54
D
POWER
D
VMA+ MDA1 MDA2 MDA3 MDA4 VMA
GN
VMB MDB1 MDB2 MDB3 MDB4 VMB+
GN
J4
U8
JP14
C46
2
1
C39
R25 R26
C44
C38
R23
DS3
DS2
R34
Q1
R33
DS1
C40
R22
R24 Y3
PE7
J5
PF4
+5V QD2A QD2B QD1A QD1B GND
U1
OUT 00
C47
R30
LN
ACK FD
T COX
L
R31C4
8
R32
R35
/RES_OUT
U4
BSY
CE
PB2
C8
+5V
R12
R67
R68
R69
R70
SPD
PB3
RCM3300
PROTOTYPING
BOARD
C3
L293D
H-DRIVER
PE5
PB6
PB4
IN0
PE4
PE6
PF7
PF5
IN1
L1
PE3
PB7
PB5
IN2
PG6
C2
PE0
PE1
IN3
PG5
PF0_CLKD
C1
D2
/IORD
PG4
PG7
R1
GND
SM0
/IOWR
PB0
D1
NC
+3.3 V
VRAM
SMODE1
J6
J8
GND
GND
VBT
/RES
J7
+DC
In order to use the stepper-motor control, install two Texas Instruments L293DN chips at
locations U2 and U3 (shown in Figure B-10). These chips are readily available from your
favorite electronics parts source, and may be purchased through our Web store as part
number 660-0205.
R21
R20
U7 R19
C37
REL
A
0.5 Y RAT
A @ ED
30 V
BD7
BD6
BD5
BD4
BD3
BD2
BD1
BA3
BD0
LC
/CSD
BA2
BA0
BA1
D6
D4
A1
D2
A3
A0
D1
D0
GN
LED6
LED4
LED2
A2
LED0
/RES
+V
D
D7
D3
C2
2N
OM
NO
2C
R44
C28
C27
D
GN
D
GN
D5
R43
C1
1N
OM
R48
R47
1C
C30
Q5
NO
C29
D
RESLA7
Y
K E Y PA D D I S P L AY B O A R D
R46
C18
C17
R33
R34
/CS
SO
D8
R45
HO1
HO2
HO4
HO3
R32
TxF
U12
R37
U2
JP1
R15
GND
C21
C11
C10
JP2 JP3 JP4 JP5
R31
C25
L1
J1
R2
U1
RxE GND
C20
R5
R6
R4
R30
U10
R35
R38
LCD1JB
TxE
LED5
U3
DS3 DS4 DS5 DS6
K1
U11
J17
R42
SO
C8
C9
U4
C5
R29
Y1
JP5
C26
C19
LED3
C18
C13
R11
R36
C22
C23
C24
LED1
C33
C17
U9
J13
J14
R40
R41
J3
C26
C32
D7
J16
LCD1JA
+BKL
T
L2
R16
R14
J2
DS2
D6
+3.3 V
R39 J15
-6
C31
R13
CORE
D5
UX5
DX2
UX2
SO20W
T23
C34
C30
Y2
R12
R49
S3
JB
D4
DX1
T23
-6
C29
Q4
J12
C6
Q3
R50
Q6
S2
U6
C12
Q2
R28
C1
R27
UX4
CX2
R1
R26
RX16
RX17
RX18
R3
R24
C2
Q1
JA
R25
J9
RX13
UX1
SO20W
C3
R10 C4
PA3
PA5
PA7
GND
R9
R23
R8
PA1
PA0
R22
C7
R7
U5
C16
R21
GND
+3.3 V
RX14
RX15
CX1
C16
C14
PC0
PF1
PF3
PA2
C20
C21
C15
PC2
PC3
PC1
PF0
GND
C24
9
U8
+5 V
+5 V
C28 C2
5
R17 C1
PC6
PC4
PF2
PA6
C22
C23
JP7
PG0
PG1
PC7
S1
RESET
JP9
PG2
PC5
STAT
JP8
PD4
PD5
C27
PD2
PG3
PA4
JP10
PD6
R18
C36
C35
CORE MODULE
GND/EGND
LINK
ACT
PD7
PD3
LCD1JC
RxF 485+ GND 485
Figure B-10. Install Four-Channel Push-Pull Driver Chips
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
100
Figure B-11 shows the stepper-motor driver circuit.
U2
PF4
27 kW
27 kW
27 kW
PF5
OUT1
MDA1
2
7
6
OUT2
MDA2
3
IN3
ENABLE2
10
11
OUT3
MDA3
4
IN4
15
14
OUT4
MDA4
5
VMA-
6
VMB-
1
2
1
IN2
9
27 kW
27 kW
27 kW
PF7
MOTOR +
{
MOTOR
{
MOTOR +
{
MOTOR
J4
3
OUT1
MDB1
2
7
6
OUT2
MDB2
3
IN3
ENABLE2
10
11
OUT3
MDB3
4
IN4
15
14
OUT4
MDB4
5
VMB+
6
IN1
2
ENABLE1
1
IN2
27 kW
PF6
{
L293DN
U3
®
1
3
IN1
ENABLE1
27 kW
®
J3
VMA+
9
L293DN
Figure B-11. Stepper-Motor Driver Circuit
The stepper motor(s) can be powered either from the onboard power supply or from an
external power based on the jumper settings on headers JP1 and JP2.
Table B-3. Stepper Motor Power-Supply Options
Header
JP1
JP2
Pins Connected
1–2
Onboard power supply to U2
9–10
3–4
7–8
×
External power supply to U2
1–2
Onboard power supply to U3
9–10
3–4
7–8
Factory
Default
×
External power supply to U3
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
101
B.5 Prototyping Board Jumper Configurations
Figure B-12 shows the header locations used to configure the various Prototyping Board
options via jumpers.
JP1
JP2
JP3
JP4
Battery
JP5
Figure B-12. Location of Prototyping Board Configurable Positions
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
102
Table B-4 lists the configuration options using jumpers.
Table B-4. Prototyping Board Jumper Configurations
Header
JP1
JP2
Description
Stepper Motor Power-Supply
Options (U2)
Stepper Motor Power-Supply
Options (U3)
JP3
PF0 Option
JP4
RCM3900 Power Supply
JP5
RS-485 Bias and Termination
Resistors
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
Pins Connected
1–2
Onboard power supply
9–10
3–4
7–8
Factory
Default
×
External power supply
1–2
Onboard power supply
9–10
×
3–4
7–8
External power supply
1–2
Quadrature decoder inputs enabled
2–3
RabbitNet/Serial Flash interface
enabled
×
2–3
RCM3900 powered via Prototyping
Board
×
1–2
5–6
Bias and termination resistors
connected
×
1–3
4–6
Bias and termination resistors not
connected (parking position for
jumpers)
103
B.6 Use of Rabbit 3000 Parallel Ports
Table B-5 lists the Rabbit 3000 parallel ports and their use for the Prototyping Board.
Table B-5. Prototyping Board Use of Rabbit 3000 Parallel Ports
Port
I/O
Use
Initial State
PA0–PA3
Data Bus
LCD/keypad module, motor driver, LEDs
Active high
PA4
Data Bus
LCD/keypad module, motor driver,
relay and relay LED
Active high
PA5–PA7
Data Bus
LCD/keypad module, motor control
Active high
PB0
Input
CLKB, microSD™ Card
PB1
Input
CLKA, Programming Port
PB2–PB5
Address Bus
LCD/keypad module
High
PB6–PB7
Address Bus
—
High
PC0
Output
TXD
PC1
Input
RXD
PC2
Output
TXC RS-485
PC3
Input
RXC RS-485
PC4
Output
TXB, microSD™ Card
PC5
Input
RXB, microSD™ Card
PC6
Output
TXA, Programming Port
PC7
Input
RXA, Programming Port
PD0†
Output
RCM3900 BSY LED off
(shared with NAND flash busy)
PD1†
Output
NAND flash chip enable
PD2‡
Input
PD3
High
High
(when not driven by CLKA)
Serial Port D
Serial Port C
Serial Port B*
Serial Port A
High (disabled)
High (disabled)
High (RS-485 disabled)
High (RS-485 disabled)
High (disabled)
High (disabled)
High
High
High
High (disabled)
microSD™ Card card detect on
RCM3900/RCM3910
High when microSD™
Card is installed
Output
—
High (SPI CS disabled)
PD4–PD6
Input
—
High (disabled)
PD7
Output
PE0–PE1
Input
PE2†
Output
Ethernet AEN,
NAND flash function enable
High (disabled)
PE3
Output
Motor driver A clock pulse
Low (disabled)
PE4–PE5
Input
RS-485 Tx enable
IN0–IN1, J6
IN2–IN3, J6
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
Low (RS-485 Tx disabled)
High
High
104
Table B-5. Prototyping Board Use of Rabbit 3000 Parallel Ports (continued)
Port
I/O
Use
Initial State
PE6
Output
LCD/keypad module
High (disabled)
PE7
Output
Motor driver B clock pulse
High (disabled)
PF0
Input
Quadrature decoder
High
PF1–PF3
Input
Quadrature decoder
High
PF4–PF7
Output
Motor 1–4 control
Low (disabled)
PG0
Input
Switch S2
High
PG1
Input
Switch S3
High
PG2
Input
TXF RS-232
PG3
Input
RXF RS-232
PG4
Output
Motor driver A enable
High (disabled)
PG5
Output
Motor driver B enable
High (disabled)
PG6
Input
TXE RS-232
PG7
Input
RXE RS-232
Serial Port F
Serial Port E
High (RS-232 disabled)
High (RS-232 disabled)
High (RS-232 disabled)
High (RS-232 disabled)
* Serial Port B is not available on the Prototyping Board when the RCM3900/RCM3910 is
plugged in.
† PD0, PD1, and PE2 are not normally available on the Prototyping Board because they are not
brought out on RCM3900 header J61.
‡ PD2 is not brought out to the Prototyping Board when the RCM3900/RCM3910 RabbitCore
modules are installed.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
105
APPENDIX C. LCD/KEYPAD MODULE
An optional LCD/keypad is available for the Prototyping Board. Appendix C describes the
LCD/keypad and provides the software function calls to make full use of the LCD/keypad.
C.1 Specifications
Two optional LCD/keypad modules—with or without a panel-mounted NEMA 4 waterresistant bezel—are available for use with the Prototyping Board. They are shown in
Figure C-1.
LCD/Keypad Modules
Figure C-1. LCD/Keypad Modules Versions
Only the version without the bezel can mount directly on the Prototyping Board; if you
have the version with a bezel, you will have to remove the bezel to be able to mount the
LCD/keypad module on the Prototyping Board. Either version of the LCD/keypad module
can be installed at a remote location up to 60 cm (24") away. Contact your Rabbit sales
representative or your authorized distributor for further assistance in purchasing an LCD/
keypad module.
Mounting hardware and a 60 cm (24") extension cable are also available for the LCD/
keypad module through your sales representative or authorized distributor.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
106
Table C-1 lists the electrical, mechanical, and environmental specifications for the LCD/
keypad module.
Table C-1. LCD/Keypad Specifications
Parameter
Specification
Board Size
2.60" × 3.00" × 0.75"
(66 mm × 76 mm × 19 mm)
Bezel Size
4.50" × 3.60" × 0.30"
(114 mm × 91 mm × 7.6 mm)
Temperature
Operating Range: 0°C to +50°C
Storage Range: –40°C to +85°C
Humidity
5% to 95%, noncondensing
Power Consumption
1.5 W maximum*
Connections
Connects to high-rise header sockets on the Prototyping Board
LCD Panel Size
122 × 32 graphic display
Keypad
7-key keypad
LEDs
Seven user-programmable LEDs
* The backlight adds approximately 650 mW to the power consumption.
The LCD/keypad module has 0.1"
IDC headers at J1, J2, and J3 for
physical connection to other boards or
ribbon cables. Figure C-2 shows the
LCD/keypad module footprint. These
values are relative to one of the
mounting holes.
(2.5)
(19.5)
0.768
(15.4)
0.607
J1
(40.6)
0.200
(5.1)
J3
J2
1.600
NOTE: All measurements are in
inches followed by millimeters
enclosed in parentheses. All dimensions have a manufacturing tolerance of ±0.01" (0.25 mm).
0.100
0.500
(12.7)
1.450
(36.8)
2.200
(55.9)
Figure C-2. User Board Footprint for
LCD/Keypad Module
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
107
C.2 Contrast Adjustments for All Boards
Starting in 2005, LCD/keypad modules were factory-configured to optimize their contrast
based on the voltage of the system they would be used in. Be sure to select a KDU3V LCD/
keypad module for use with the Prototyping Board for the RCM3900 — these modules
operate at 3.3 V. You may adjust the contrast using the potentiometer at R2 as shown in
Figure C-3. LCD/keypad modules configured for 5 V may be used with the 3.3 V Prototyping Board, but the backlight will be dim.
LCD/Keypad Module Jumper Configurations
Description
Pins
Connected
Factory
Default
2.8 V
12
×
3.3 V
34
5V
n.c.
U3
D1
C7
JP1
R3
U2
C4
U1
R4
R5
C11
C13
U4
J5
CR1
C12
R7
LCD1
R6
D2 C1
C6
C9
C10
R2
C5
C2
Contrast
Adjustment
C3
J5
R1
Header
Q1
J5
Part No. 101-0541
R8
R26
R14
2
R20
1
4
R17
3
R10
Q4
Q6
OTHER LP3500
3.3 V 2.8 V
n.c. = 5 V
R12
R9
Q7
Q2
U6
U5
Q5
R15
R18
R13
R16
R11
J5
R21
2
Q3
R19
4
R23
1
R22
3
J1
R25
Q8
J2
U7 C14
C16 R24
C15
KP1
C17
RN1
DISPLAY
BOARD
J4
Figure C-3. LCD/Keypad Module Contrast Adjustments
You can set the contrast on the LCD display of pre-2005 LCD/keypad modules by adjusting the potentiometer at R2 or by setting the voltage for 3.3 V by connecting the jumper
across pins 3–4 on header J5 as shown in Figure C-3. Only one of these two options is
available on these LCD/keypad modules.
NOTE: Older LCD/keypad modules that do not have a header at J5 or a contrast adjustment potentiometer at R2 are limited to operate only at 5 V, and will not work with the
Prototyping Board for the RCM3900. The older LCD/keypad modules are no longer
being sold.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
108
C.3 Keypad Labeling
The keypad may be labeled according to your needs. A template is provided in Figure C-4
to allow you to design your own keypad label insert.
1.10
(28)
2.35
(60)
Figure C-4. Keypad Template
To replace the keypad legend, remove the old legend and insert your new legend prepared
according to the template in Figure C-4. The keypad legend is located under the blue keypad matte, and is accessible from the left only as shown in Figure C-5.
Keypad label is located
under the blue keypad matte.
Figure C-5. Removing and Inserting Keypad Label
The sample program KEYBASIC.C in the 122x32_1x7 folder in SAMPLES\LCD_KEYPAD
shows how to reconfigure the keypad for different applications.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
109
C.4 Header Pinouts
DB6B
DB4B
DB2B
DB0B
A1B
A3B
GND
LED7
LED5
LED3
LED1
/RES
VCC
Figure C-6 shows the pinouts for the LCD/keypad module.
J3
GND
LED7
LED5
LED3
LED1
/RES
VCC
GND
DB6B
DB4B
DB2B
DB0B
A1B
A3B
DB7B
DB5B
DB3B
DB1B
A0B
A2B
GND
GND
LED6
LED4
LED2
PE7
+5BKLT
J1
GND
GND
LED6
LED4
LED2
PE7
+5BKLT
GND
DB7B
DB5B
DB3B
DB1B
A0B
A2B
J2
Figure C-6. LCD/Keypad Module Pinouts
C.4.1 I/O Address Assignments
The LCD and keypad on the LCD/keypad module are addressed by the /CS strobe as
explained in Table C-2.
Table C-2. LCD/Keypad Module Address Assignment
Address
Function
0xE000
Device select base address (/CS)
0xExx0–0xExx7
LCD control
0xExx8
LED enable
0xExx9
Not used
0xExxA
7-key keypad
0xExxB (bits 0–6)
7-LED driver
0xExxB (bit 7)
LCD backlight on/off
0xExxC–ExxF
Not used
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
110
C.5 Mounting LCD/Keypad Module on the Prototyping Board
+DC
GND
J1
J2
J3
1
R25 R26
RELAY RATED
0.5 A @ 30 V
D6
R38
D7
D5
D3
D1
A0
A2
C28
R44
C27
GND
GND
LED5
KEYPAD DISPLAY BOARD
C10
JP2 JP3 JP4 JP5
U2
R15
LCD1JB
LCD1JB
C29
C30
Q5
LCD1JC
R47
DS7
RELAY NO1 COM1 NC1 NO2 COM2 NC2
D4
D2
D0
A1
A3
GND
LED6
LED4
LED2
LED0
BD7
BD6
BD5
BD4
BD3
BD2
BA3
BD1
BA2
BD0
BA1
LCD
/CS
U1
JP5
C26
R46
C22
D8
R35
R48
R5
R6
C21
R36
R43
C11
HO1
R33
R34
L1
R4
J1
R2
C23
C24
R45
U3
JP1
J2
R32
C20
C8
C9
U4
HO2
R41
Y1 C5
HO3
+BKLT
C18
R11
HO4
/RES
C17
C13
J3
C33
R30
LED3
C26
C32
GND
+V
L2
R16
R31
/CS
C31
R14
R29
LED1
C30
Y2
R13
R12
DS2 DS3 DS4 DS5 DS6
J14
BA0
R18
6
D7
K1
U12
R37
DS1
R21
U7 R19
C34
CORE
D6
U9
J17
R42
C18
DS2
R33
R49
S3
D5
C17
DS3
R34
R20
C29
D4
R20
R23
R50
Q6
S2
R10
C14
C15
R18
R24 Y3
DS4
R27 R28
J13
C1
JB
C19
U11
U10
R1
R25 R26
J12
LCD1JA
R40
DX2
R3
Q4
J16
LCD1JA
UX3
UX4
UX5
UX1
UX2
C6
Q3
DX1
C12
Q2
+3.3 V
R39 J15
RX18
C16
Q1
J9
S1
RESET
C24 C20
C21
GND
STAT
JA
C2
PA7
R21 R22 R23 R24
R8
PA5
PA6
GND
+3.3 V
RX17
C7
R7
PA3
PA4
C28 C25U
PA2
C16
C4
PA1
RX14
RX16
C3
PF3
PA0
U8
R10
PF1
PF2
RX13
R9
PF0
R19
C13
JP14
C46
2
C38
PC0
GND
RX15
U5
PC1
C37
PC2
+5 V
+5 V
C14
PC4
PC3
R17 C19 C15
PC6
PC5
JP7
PC7
JP9
PG0
JP8
PG1
C27 C22
C23
PG2
C36
PD4
JP10
PD2
PD5
C35
PD6
PD3
GND/EGND
J11
SERIAL
FLASH/
MODEM
C25
C10
C11
C12
C9
JP4
R17
R27
C44 C39
C40 R22
C43 U8
R30
PD7
PG3
JP3
R3
R4
R5
R6
R11
R15
C47
LINK
C5
JP11
R16
CORE MODULE
ACT
RABBITNET
U7 C7
BT1
JP13
R32
C48
R31
R35
CE
BSY
SPD LNK FDX
ACT COL
RCM3300
PROTOTYPING
BOARD
R8 U6 C6
D3
U5
Q1
PF4 PF6 PE7
U4
Q2
/RES_OUT
C8
RCM39XX
PB2
PB0
RX12
OUT
RP7
RP6
R28
PB3
RX11
R9
R14
A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7
D1
PB4
RX10
RP3
RP4
J10
R29 U10
PB6
PB5
C4
R13
U1
OUT
U9
PB7
R12
RP5
RX9
U3
L293D
H-DRIVER
C45
PF5
RX8
C41
C42
PE6
RX7
RX5
RX6
R2
JP1
PE5
RX4
JP2
PE3
U2
L293D
H-DRIVER
C49
C50
PE0
PE4
C3
RP2
R7
GND
DS1
+DC
J4 VMB MDB1 MDB2 MDB3 MDB4 VMB+ VMA+ MDA1 MDA2 MDA3 MDA4 VMA POWER
C2
D2
JP12
PG6
PE1
PF7
RX3
L1
PG7
+5V QD2A QD2B QD1A QD1B GND J5
/IORD
+5V
SMODE1
PG5
RP1
RX2
SM0
PG4
RX1
C1
/RES
/IOWR
IN0
VRAM
IN1
+3.3 V
VBT
IN2
GND
GND IN3
D1
NC
J6
R1
J8
GND
J7
GND
Install the LCD/keypad module on header sockets LCD1JA, LCD1JB, and LCD1JC of the
Prototyping Board as shown in Figure C-7. Be careful to align the pins over the headers,
and do not bend them as you press down to mate the LCD/keypad module with the Prototyping Board.
LCD1JC
TxE RxE GND TxF RxF 485+ GND 485
Figure C-7. Install LCD/Keypad Module on Prototyping Board
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
111
C.6 Bezel-Mount Installation
This section describes and illustrates how to bezel-mount the LCD/keypad module
designed for remote installation. Follow these steps for bezel-mount installation.
1. Cut mounting holes in the mounting panel in accordance with the recommended dimensions in Figure C-8, then use the bezel faceplate to mount the LCD/keypad module onto
the panel.
0.125 D, 4x
0.230
(5.8)
2.870
(86.4)
0.130
(3.3)
CUTOUT
3.400
(3)
(72.9)
3.100
(78.8)
Figure C-8. Recommended Cutout Dimensions
2. Carefully “drop in” the LCD/keypad module with the bezel and gasket attached.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
112
3. Fasten the unit with the four 4-40 screws and washers included with the LCD/keypad
module. If your panel is thick, use a 4-40 screw that is approximately 3/16" (5 mm) longer than the thickness of the panel.
Bezel/Gasket
DISPLAY BOARD
U1
C1
U2
C4
U3
C3
C2
Q1
R17
D1
J1
R1
R2
R4
R3
R5
R7
R6
R8
R15
R14
R13
R12
R11
R9
R10
Panel
R18
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q5
Q6
Q8
Q7
C5
R16
KP1
J3
RN1
U4
C6
C7
C8
J2
Figure C-9. LCD/Keypad Module Mounted in Panel (rear view)
Carefully tighten the screws until the gasket is compressed and the plastic bezel faceplate is touching the panel.
Do not tighten each screw fully before moving on to the next screw. Apply only one or
two turns to each screw in sequence until all are tightened manually as far as they can
be so that the gasket is compressed and the plastic bezel faceplate is touching the panel.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
113
C.6.1 Connect the LCD/Keypad Module to Your Prototyping Board
The LCD/keypad module can be located as far as 2 ft. (60 cm) away from the Prototyping
Board, and is connected via a ribbon cable as shown in Figure C-10.
C5
D1
C7
JP1
R3
U2
C4
U1
C10
C9
R4
R5
C11
Pin 1
CR1
C13
C12
R7
LCD1
R6
D2 C1
C6
C3
R1
C2
R2
U3
U4
Q1
J5
J1
R25
R8
R26
Q6
OTHER LP3500
Q3
R19
Q4
R12
R9
R20
2
Q2
Q7
Q8
U5
U6
3.3 V 2.8 V
n.c. = 5 V
R15
Q5
R18
R10
R16
R14
R23
4
R17
1
R21
R13
R22
R11
J5
3
J2
U7 C14
C16 R24
C15
KP1
RN1
C17
DISPLAY
BOARD
J4
PA1
PF3
PF2
PF1
PF0
PC0
PC1
PC2
PC3
PC4
PC5
JA
Q2
Q1
JB
Q4
Q3
J13
R10
U5
R3
R9
C14
JP7
JP9
JP8
JP10
LINK
ACT
C3
C4
R17 C19 C15
PD6
PD7
C27 C22
C23
PD2
PD3
J3
C35
C36
GND/EGND
CORE MODULE
RX15
PE0
PG6
PG5
PG4
/IOWR
RX16
VRAM
VBT
+3.3 V
GND
NC
GND
R30
R32
R35
+3.3 V
J16
GND
+5 V
C44 C39
C38
C47
SPD LNK FDX
ACT COL
SMODE1
/RES
+3.3 V
SERIAL
FLASH/
MODEM
D3
RP7
J11
BT1
OUT
J10
R13
C4
L293D
H-DRIVER
L1
/IORD
R39 J15
RX17
A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7
U1
OUT
J17
LCD1JA
U2
R14
L293D
H-DRIVER
C5
D2
R9
R8 U6 C6
U3
C2
C1
C3
RX3
RX2
RX1
D1
J8
J2
GND
+DC
J4 VMB MDB1 MDB2 MDB3 MDB4 VMB+ VMA+ MDA1 MDA2 MDA3 MDA4 VMA POWER
GND
RP2
RP1
RX6
RP4
RX9
U7 C7
RP3
RX7
RX4
RABBITNET
RX12
RX8
RX5
RX11
RX10
DS1
R1
JP3
SM0
C43 U8
JP13
C48
R31
BSY
CE
PE3
PE1
PG7
R12
R27
C40 R22
PE5
RP6
R11
PE4
PF7
U5
U4
C8
C9
C10
C11
C12
PF4 PF6 PE7
JP4
PE6
R15
C13
R17
R2
R7
JP1
RP5
R47
R42
JP11
DS3
DS4
PB6
C49
C50
DS2
PB4
R16
C19
GND
JP12
R34
PB2
Q2
RCM39XX
DS1
R33
PF5
D1
U9
Q1
PB7
JP14
R28
R29 U10
PB5
C46
C45
PB3
1
/RES_OUT
C30
U12
+5 V
R21
R25 R26
2
PB0
UX3
UX4
RX18
RX14
RX13
U7 R19
RCM3300
PROTOTYPING
BOARD
R40
UX5
DX1
C29
D8
U11
K1
DX2
C37
PD4
PD5
U10
C12
PG2
R35
C24 C20
C21
PG0
R36
U9
UX1
UX2
C28 C25U
PC6
PC7
L1
C33
L2
C31
C34
PG3
C29
U8
C26
C32
R16
PG1
R8
C16
C7
R7
R21 R22 R23 R24
C30
R3
R4
R5
R6
+5V
PA3
R14
Y2
C14
C15
R10
IN0
PA5
R38
LCD
/CS
BA0
BA1
BA2
BA3
BD0
BD1
BD2
BD3
R18
R19
R20
IN1
PA7
Q5
K E Y PA D D I S P L AY B O A R D
+V
/RES
LED0
LED2
LED4
LED6
GND
A3
A1
D0
D4
BD4
D2
D6
BD5
BD6
BD7
R13
J3
IN2
PA0
JP5
C26
+BKLT
/CS
LED1
LED3
GND
LED5
GND
A2
A0
D1
D3
D5
D7
RELAY RATED
0.5 A @ 30 V
R12
6
R20
C41
C42
GND IN3
PA2
J12
C11
C18
R24 Y3
+5V QD2A QD2B QD1A QD1B GND J5
PA4
R50
R27 R28
C10
R23
J6
PA6
R25 R26
C23
C24
R41
C20
C8
C9
U4
C13
R18
J7
GND
LCD1JC
LCD1JB
J14
D7
C2
J9
D6
D5
D4
C1
Q6
R1
CORE
R49
JP2 JP3 JP4 JP5
R5
R6
U3
R11
JP2
STAT
TxE RxE GND TxF RxF 485+ GND 485
DS2 DS3 DS4 DS5 DS6
S3
C18
C17
R33
R34
C27
R43
C28
R44
C6
S2
C22
R4
Y1 C5
C16
S1
RESET
J2
GND
HO4
JP1
C17
LCD1JA
R29
HO3
HO2
HO1
C21
U2
J1
R30
C25
R37
R45
R46
Pin 1
R15
R2
R31
R32
R48
DS7
RELAY NO1 COM1 NC1 NO2 COM2 NC2
U1
J1
GND
+DC
Figure C-10. Connecting LCD/Keypad Module to Prototyping Board
Note the locations and connections relative to pin 1 on both the Prototyping Board and the
LCD/keypad module.
Rabbit offers 2 ft. (60 cm) extension cables. Contact your authorized distributor or a Rabbit sales representative for more information.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
114
C.7 Sample Programs
Sample programs illustrating the use of the LCD/keypad module with the Prototyping
Board are provided in the SAMPLES\RCM3900\LCD_KEYPAD folder.
These sample programs use the auxiliary I/O bus on the Rabbit 3000 chip, and so the
#define PORTA_AUX_IO line is already included in the sample programs.
Each sample program has comments that describe the purpose and function of the program. Follow the instructions at the beginning of the sample program. To run a sample
program, open it with the File menu (if it is not still open), then compile and run it by
pressing F9. The RCM3900 must be connected to a PC using the serial programming
cable as described in Chapter 2, “Getting Started.”
Complete information on Dynamic C is provided in the Dynamic C User’s Manual.
• KEYPADTOLED.C—This program demonstrates the use of the external I/O bus. The
program will light up an LED on the LCD/keypad module and will display a message
on the LCD when a key press is detected. The DS3, DS4, DS5, and DS6 LEDs on the
Prototyping Board and the red BSY LED (DS4) on the RCM3900 module will also
light up.
• LCDKEYFUN.C—This program demonstrates how to draw primitive features from the
graphic library (lines, circles, polygons), and also demonstrates the keypad with the key
release option.
• SWITCHTOLCD.C—This program demonstrates the use of the external I/O bus. The
program will light up an LED on the LCD/keypad module and will display a message on
the LCD when a switch press is detected. The DS1 and DS2 LEDs on the Prototyping
Board will also light up.
Additional sample programs are available in the SAMPLES\LCD_KEYPAD\122x32_1x7
folder.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
115
C.8 LCD/Keypad Module Function Calls
When mounted on the Prototyping Board, the LCD/keypad module uses the external I/O
bus on the Rabbit 3000 chip. Remember to add the line
#define PORTA_AUX_IO
to the beginning of any programs using the auxiliary I/O bus.
C.8.1 LCD/Keypad Module Initialization
The function used to initialize the LCD/keypad module can be found in the Dynamic C
LIB\DISPLAYS\LCD122KEY7.LIB library.
dispInit
void dispInit();
DESCRIPTION
Initializes the LCD/keypad module. The keypad is set up using keypadDef() or
keyConfig() after this function call.
RETURN VALUE
None.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
116
C.8.2 LEDs
When power is applied to the LCD/keypad module for the first time, the red LED (DS1)
will come on, indicating that power is being applied to the LCD/keypad module. The red
LED is turned off when the brdInit function executes.
One function is available to control the LEDs, and can be found in the Dynamic C LIB\
DISPLAYS\LCD122KEY7.LIB library.
displedOut
void displedOut(int led, int value);
DESCRIPTION
LED on/off control. This function will only work when the LCD/keypad module is installed on the Prototyping Board.
PARAMETERS
led
is the LED to control.
0 = LED DS1
1 = LED DS2
2 = LED DS3
3 = LED DS4
4 = LED DS5
5 = LED DS6
6 = LED DS7
value
is the value used to control whether the LED is on or off (0 or 1).
0 = off
1 = on
RETURN VALUE
None.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
117
C.8.3 LCD Display
The functions used to control the LCD display are contained in the LIB\DISPLAYS\
GRAPHIC\GRAPHIC.LIB library . When x and y coordinates on the display screen are specified, x can range from 0 to 121, and y can range from 0 to 31. These numbers represent
pixels from the top left corner of the display.
glInit
void glInit(void);
DESCRIPTION
Initializes the display devices, clears the screen.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glDispOnOFF, glBacklight, glSetContrast, glPlotDot, glBlock, glPlotDot,
glPlotPolygon, glPlotCircle, glHScroll, glVScroll, glXFontInit, glPrintf,
glPutChar, glSetBrushType, glBuffLock, glBuffUnlock, glPlotLine
glBackLight
void glBackLight(int onOff);
DESCRIPTION
Turns the display backlight on or off.
PARAMETER
onOff
turns the backlight on or off
1—turn the backlight on
0—turn the backlight off
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glInit, glDispOnoff, glSetContrast
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
118
glDispOnOff
void glDispOnOff(int onOff);
DESCRIPTION
Sets the LCD screen on or off. Data will not be cleared from the screen.
PARAMETER
onOff
turns the LCD screen on or off
1—turn the LCD screen on
0—turn the LCD screen off
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glInit, glSetContrast, glBackLight
glSetContrast
void glSetContrast(unsigned level);
DESCRIPTION
Sets display contrast.
NOTE: This function is not used with the LCD/keypad module since the support circuits
are not available on the LCD/keypad module.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
119
glFillScreen
void glFillScreen(int pattern);
DESCRIPTION
Fills the LCD display screen with a pattern.
PARAMETER
The screen will be set to all black if pattern is 0xFF, all white if pattern is 0x00,
and vertical stripes for any other pattern.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glBlock, glBlankScreen, glPlotPolygon, glPlotCircle
glBlankScreen
void glBlankScreen(void);
DESCRIPTION
Blanks the LCD display screen (sets LCD display screen to white).
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glFillScreen, glBlock, glPlotPolygon, glPlotCircle
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
120
glFillRegion
void glFillRegion(int left, int top, int width, int height,
char pattern);
DESCRIPTION
Fills a rectangular block in the LCD buffer with the pattern specified. Any portion of
the block that is outside the LCD display area will be clipped.
PARAMETERS
left
the x coordinate of the top left corner of the block.
top
the y coordinate of the top left corner of the block.
width
the width of the block.
height
the height of the block.
pattern
the bit pattern to display (all black if pattern is 0xFF, all white
if pattern is 0x00, and vertical stripes for any other pattern).
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glFillScreen, glBlankScreen, glBlock, glBlankRegion
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
121
glFastFillRegion
void glFastFillRegion(int left, int top, int width, int height,
char pattern);
DESCRIPTION
Fills a rectangular block in the LCD buffer with the pattern specified. The block left and
width parameters must be byte-aligned. Any portion of the block that is outside the
LCD display area will be clipped.
PARAMETERS
left
the x coordinate of the top left corner of the block.
top
the y coordinate of the top left corner of the block.
width
the width of the block.
height
the height of the block.
pattern
the bit pattern to display (all black if pattern is 0xFF, all white
if pattern is 0x00, and vertical stripes for any other pattern).
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glFillScreen, glBlankScreen, glBlock, glBlankRegion
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
122
glBlankRegion
void glBlankRegion(int left, int top, int width, int height);
DESCRIPTION
Clears a region on the LCD display. The block left and width parameters must be bytealigned. Any portion of the block that is outside the LCD display area will be clipped.
PARAMETERS
left
the x coordinate of the top left corner of the block (x must be
evenly divisible by 8).
top
the y coordinate of the top left corner of the block.
width
the width of the block (must be evenly divisible by 8).
height
the height of the block.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glFillScreen, glBlankScreen, glBlock
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glBlock
void glBlock(int left, int top, int width, int height);
DESCRIPTION
Draws a rectangular block in the page buffer and on the LCD if the buffer is unlocked.
Any portion of the block that is outside the LCD display area will be clipped.
PARAMETERS
left
the x coordinate of the top left corner of the block.
top
the y coordinate of the top left corner of the block.
width
the width of the block.
height
the height of the block.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glFillScreen, glBlankScreen, glPlotPolygon, glPlotCircle
glPlotVPolygon
void glPlotVPolygon(int n, int *pFirstCoord);
DESCRIPTION
Plots the outline of a polygon in the LCD page buffer, and on the LCD if the buffer is unlocked. Any portion of the polygon that is outside the LCD display area will be clipped.
If fewer than 3 vertices are specified, the function will return without doing anything.
PARAMETERS
n
the number of vertices.
pFirstCoord
a pointer to array of vertex coordinates: x1,y1, x2,y2,
x3,y3, ...
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glPlotPolygon, glFillPolygon, glFillVPolygon
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glPlotPolygon
void glPlotPolygon(int n, int y1, int x2, int y2, ...);
DESCRIPTION
Plots the outline of a polygon in the LCD page buffer and on the LCD if the buffer is
unlocked. Any portion of the polygon that is outside the LCD display area will be
clipped. If fewer than 3 vertices are specified, the function will return without doing
anything.
PARAMETERS
n
the number of vertices.
y1
the y coordinate of the first vertex.
x1
the x coordinate of the first vertex.
y2
the y coordinate of the second vertex.
x2
the x coordinate of the second vertex.
...
the coordinates of additional vertices.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glPlotVPolygon, glFillPolygon, glFillVPolygon
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glFillVPolygon
void glFillVPolygon(int n, int *pFirstCoord);
DESCRIPTION
Fills a polygon in the LCD page buffer and on the LCD screen if the buffer is unlocked.
Any portion of the polygon that is outside the LCD display area will be clipped. If fewer
than 3 vertices are specified, the function will return without doing anything.
PARAMETERS
n
the number of vertices.
pFirstCoord
a pointer to array of vertex coordinates: x1,y1, x2,y2,
x3,y3, ...
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glFillPolygon, glPlotPolygon, glPlotVPolygon
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glFillPolygon
void glFillPolygon(int n, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2, ...);
DESCRIPTION
Fills a polygon in the LCD page buffer and on the LCD if the buffer is unlocked. Any
portion of the polygon that is outside the LCD display area will be clipped. If fewer than
3 vertices are specified, the function will return without doing anything.
PARAMETERS
n
the number of vertices.
x1
the x coordinate of the first vertex.
y1
the y coordinate of the first vertex.
x2
the x coordinate of the second vertex.
y2
the y coordinate of the second vertex.
...
the coordinates of additional vertices.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glFillVPolygon, glPlotPolygon, glPlotVPolygon
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glPlotCircle
void glPlotCircle(int xc, int yc, int rad);
DESCRIPTION
Draws the outline of a circle in the LCD page buffer and on the LCD if the buffer is
unlocked. Any portion of the circle that is outside the LCD display area will be clipped.
PARAMETERS
xc
the x coordinate of the center of the circle.
yc
the y coordinate of the center of the circle.
rad
the radius of the center of the circle (in pixels).
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glFillCircle, glPlotPolygon, glFillPolygon
glFillCircle
void glFillCircle(int xc, int yc, int rad);
DESCRIPTION
Draws a filled circle in the LCD page buffer and on the LCD if the buffer is unlocked.
Any portion of the circle that is outside the LCD display area will be clipped.
PARAMETERS
xc
the x coordinate of the center of the circle.
yc
the y coordinate of the center of the circle.
rad
the radius of the center of the circle (in pixels).
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glPlotCircle, glPlotPolygon, glFillPolygon
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glXFontInit
void glXFontInit(fontInfo *pInfo, char pixWidth, char pixHeight,
unsigned startChar, unsigned endChar, unsigned long xmemBuffer);
DESCRIPTION
Initializes the font descriptor structure, where the font is stored in xmem. Each font
character's bitmap is column major and byte aligned.
PARAMETERS
pInfo
a pointer to the font descriptor to be initialized.
pixWidth
the width (in pixels) of each font item.
pixHeight
the height (in pixels) of each font item.
startChar
the value of the first printable character in the font character set.
endChar
the value of the last printable character in the font character set.
xmemBuffer
the xmem pointer to a linear array of font bitmaps.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glPrinf
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glFontCharAddr
unsigned long glFontCharAddr(fontInfo *pInfo, char letter);
DESCRIPTION
Returns the xmem address of the character from the specified font set.
PARAMETERS
pInfo
pointer to the xmem address of the bitmap font set.
letter
an ASCII character.
RETURN VALUE
xmem address of bitmap character font, column major and byte-aligned.
SEE ALSO
glPutFont, glPrintf
glPutFont
void glPutFont(int x, int y, fontInfo *pInfo, char code);
DESCRIPTION
Puts an entry from the font table to the page buffer and on the LCD if the buffer is unlocked. Each font character's bitmap is column major and byte-aligned. Any portion of
the bitmap character that is outside the LCD display area will be clipped.
PARAMETERS
x
the x coordinate (column) of the top left corner of the text.
y
the y coordinate (row) of the top left corner of the text.
pInfo
a pointer to the font descriptor.
code
the ASCII character to display.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glFontCharAddr, glPrintf
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glSetPfStep
void glSetPfStep(int stepX, int stepY);
DESCRIPTION
Sets the glPrintf() printing step direction. The x and y step directions are independent signed values. The actual step increments depend on the height and width of the
font being displayed, which are multiplied by the step values.
PARAMETERS
stepX
the glPrintf x step value
stepY
the glPrintf y step value
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
Use glGetPfStep() to examine the current x and y printing step direction.
glGetPfStep
int glGetPfStep(void);
DESCRIPTION
Gets the current glPrintf() printing step direction. Each step direction is independent of the other, and is treated as an 8-bit signed value. The actual step increments depends on the height and width of the font being displayed, which are multiplied by the
step values.
RETURN VALUE
The x step is returned in the MSB, and the y step is returned in the LSB of the integer
result.
SEE ALSO
Use glGetPfStep() to control the x and y printing step direction.
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glPutChar
void glPutChar(char ch, char *ptr, int *cnt, glPutCharInst
*pInst)
DESCRIPTION
Provides an interface between the STDIO string-handling functions and the graphic library. The STDIO string-formatting function will call this function, one character at a
time, until the entire formatted string has been parsed. Any portion of the bitmap character that is outside the LCD display area will be clipped.
PARAMETERS
ch
the character to be displayed on the LCD.
ptr
not used, but is a place holder for a pointer to STDIO string
functions.
cnt
not used, is a place holder for a pointer to STDIO string functions.
pInst
a pointer to the font descriptor.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glPrintf, glPutFont, doprnt
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glPrintf
void glPrintf(int x, int y, fontInfo *pInfo, char *fmt, ...);
DESCRIPTION
Prints a formatted string (much like printf) on the LCD screen. Only the character
codes that exist in the font set are printed, all others are skipped. For example, '\b', '\t',
'\n' and '\r' (ASCII backspace, tab, new line, and carriage return, respectively) will be
printed if they exist in the font set, but will not have any effect as control characters.
Any portion of the bitmap character that is outside the LCD display area will be clipped.
PARAMETERS
x
the x coordinate (column) of the upper left corner of the text.
y
the y coordinate (row) of the upper left corner of the text.
pInfo
a pointer to the font descriptor.
fmt
pointer to a formatted string.
...
formatted string conversion parameter(s).
EXAMPLE
glprintf(0,0, &fi12x16, "Test %d\n", count);
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glXFontInit
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glBuffLock
void glBuffLock(void);
DESCRIPTION
Increments LCD screen locking counter. Graphic calls are recorded in the LCD memory buffer and are not transferred to the LCD if the counter is non-zero.
NOTE: glBuffLock() and glBuffUnlock() can be nested up to a level of 255, but be
sure to balance the calls. It is not a requirement to use these procedures, but a set of
glBuffLock() and glBuffUnlock() bracketing a set of related graphic calls speeds
up the rendering significantly.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glBuffUnlock, glSwap
glBuffUnlock
void glBuffUnlock(void);
DESCRIPTION
Decrements the LCD screen locking counter. The contents of the LCD buffer are transferred to the LCD if the counter goes to zero.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glBuffLock, glSwap
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glSwap
void glSwap(void);
DESCRIPTION
Checks the LCD screen locking counter. The contents of the LCD buffer are transferred
to the LCD if the counter is zero.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glBuffUnlock, glBuffLock, _glSwapData (located in the library specifically for
the LCD that you are using)
glSetBrushType
void glSetBrushType(int type);
DESCRIPTION
Sets the drawing method (or color) of pixels drawn by subsequent graphic calls.
PARAMETER
type
value can be one of the following macros.
PIXBLACK draws black pixels (turns pixel on).
PIXWHITE draws white pixels (turns pixel off).
PIXXOR draws old pixel XOR'ed with the new pixel.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glGetBrushType
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glGetBrushType
int glGetBrushType(void);
DESCRIPTION
Gets the current method (or color) of pixels drawn by subsequent graphic calls.
RETURN VALUE
The current brush type.
SEE ALSO
glSetBrushType
glXGetBitmap
void glXGetBitmap(int x, int y, int bmWidth, int bmHeight,
unsigned long xBm);
DESCRIPTION
Gets a bitmap from the LCD page buffer and stores it in xmem RAM. This function
automatically calls glXGetFastmap if the left edge of the bitmap is byte-aligned and
the left edge and width are each evenly divisible by 8.
This function call is intended for use only when a graphic engine is used to interface with
the LCD/keypad module.
PARAMETERS
x
the x coordinate in pixels of the top left corner of the bitmap (x
must be evenly divisible by 8).
y
the y coordinate in pixels of the top left corner of the bitmap.
bmWidth
the width in pixels of the bitmap (must be evenly divisible by 8).
bmHeight
the height in pixels of the bitmap.
xBm
the xmem RAM storage address of the bitmap.
RETURN VALUE
None.
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glXGetFastmap
void glXGetFastmap(int left, int top, int width, int height,
unsigned long xmemptr);
DESCRIPTION
Draws bitmap in the specified space. The data for the bitmap are stored in xmem. This
function is similar to glXPutBitmap(), except that it's faster. The bitmap must be
byte-aligned. Any portion of a bitmap image or character that is outside the LCD display
area will be clipped.
This function call is intended for use only when a graphic engine is used to interface with
the LCD/keypad module.
PARAMETERS
left
the x coordinate of the top left corner of the bitmap (x must be
evenly divisible by 8).
top
the y coordinate in pixels of the top left corner of the bitmap.
width
the width of the bitmap (must be evenly divisible by 8).
height
the height of the bitmap.
xmemptr
the xmem RAM storage address of the bitmap.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glXPutBitmap, glPrintf
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glPlotDot
void glPlotDot(int x, int y);
DESCRIPTION
Draws a single pixel in the LCD buffer, and on the LCD if the buffer is unlocked. If the
coordinates are outside the LCD display area, the dot will not be plotted.
PARAMETERS
x
the x coordinate of the dot.
y
the y coordinate of the dot.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glPlotline, glPlotPolygon, glPlotCircle
glPlotLine
void glPlotLine(int x0, int y0, int x1, int y1);
DESCRIPTION
Draws a line in the LCD buffer, and on the LCD if the buffer is unlocked. Any portion
of the line that is beyond the LCD display area will be clipped.
PARAMETERS
x0
the x coordinate of one endpoint of the line.
y0
the y coordinate of one endpoint of the line.
x1
the x coordinate of the other endpoint of the line.
y1
the y coordinate of the other endpoint of the line.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glPlotDot, glPlotPolygon, glPlotCircle
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glLeft1
void glLeft1(int left, int top, int cols, int rows);
DESCRIPTION
Scrolls byte-aligned window left one pixel, right column is filled by current pixel type
(color).
PARAMETERS
left
the top left corner of bitmap, must be evenly divisible by 8, otherwise truncates.
top
the top left corner of the bitmap.
cols
the number of columns in the window, must be evenly divisible by 8,
otherwise truncates.
rows
the number of rows in the window.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glHScroll, glRight1
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glRight1
void glRight1(int left, int top, int cols, int rows);
DESCRIPTION
Scrolls byte-aligned window right one pixel, left column is filled by current pixel type
(color).
PARAMETERS
left
the top left corner of bitmap, must be evenly divisible by 8, otherwise truncates.
top
the top left corner of the bitmap.
cols
the number of columns in the window, must be evenly divisible by 8,
otherwise truncates.
rows
the number of rows in the window.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glHScroll, glLeft1
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glUp1
void glUp1(int left, int top, int cols, int rows);
DESCRIPTION
Scrolls byte-aligned window up one pixel, bottom column is filled by current pixel type
(color).
PARAMETERS
left
the top left corner of bitmap, must be evenly divisible by 8, otherwise truncates.
top
the top left corner of the bitmap.
cols
the number of columns in the window, must be evenly divisible by 8,
otherwise truncates.
rows
the number of rows in the window.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glVScroll, glDown1
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glDown1
void glDown1(int left, int top, int cols, int rows);
DESCRIPTION
Scrolls byte-aligned window down one pixel, top column is filled by current pixel type
(color).
PARAMETERS
left
the top left corner of bitmap, must be evenly divisible by 8, otherwise truncates.
top
the top left corner of the bitmap.
cols
the number of columns in the window, must be evenly divisible by 8,
otherwise truncates.
rows
the number of rows in the window.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glVScroll, glUp1
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glHScroll
void glHScroll(int left, int top, int cols, int rows, int nPix);
DESCRIPTION
Scrolls right or left, within the defined window by x number of pixels. The opposite
edge of the scrolled window will be filled in with white pixels. The window must be
byte-aligned.
Parameters will be verified for the following:
1. The left and cols parameters will be verified that they are evenly divisible by 8. If not,
they will be truncated to a value that is a multiple of 8.
2. Parameters will be checked to verify that the scrolling area is valid. The minimum scrolling area is a width of 8 pixels and a height of one row.
PARAMETERS
left
the top left corner of bitmap, must be evenly divisible by 8.
top
the top left corner of the bitmap.
cols
the number of columns in the window, must be evenly divisible by 8.
rows
the number of rows in the window.
nPix
the number of pixels to scroll within the defined window (a negative
value will produce a scroll to the left).
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glVScroll
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glVScroll
void glVScroll(int left, int top, int cols, int rows, int nPix);
DESCRIPTION
Scrolls up or down, within the defined window by x number of pixels. The opposite
edge of the scrolled window will be filled in with white pixels. The window must be
byte-aligned.
Parameters will be verified for the following:
1. The left and cols parameters will be verified that they are evenly divisible by 8. If not,
they will be truncated to a value that is a multiple of 8.
2. Parameters will be checked to verify that the scrolling area is valid. The minimum scrolling area is a width of 8 pixels and a height of one row.
PARAMETERS
left
the top left corner of bitmap, must be evenly divisible by 8.
top
the top left corner of the bitmap.
cols
the number of columns in the window, must be evenly divisible by 8.
rows
the number of rows in the window.
nPix
the number of pixels to scroll within the defined window (a negative
value will produce a scroll up).
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glHScroll
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glXPutBitmap
void glXPutBitmap(int left, int top, int width, int height,
unsigned long bitmap);
DESCRIPTION
Draws bitmap in the specified space. The data for the bitmap are stored in xmem. This
function calls glXPutFastmap() automatically if the bitmap is byte-aligned (the
left edge and the width are each evenly divisible by 8).
Any portion of a bitmap image or character that is outside the LCD display area will be
clipped.
PARAMETERS
left
the top left corner of the bitmap.
top
the top left corner of the bitmap.
width
the width of the bitmap.
height
the height of the bitmap.
bitmap
the address of the bitmap in xmem.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glXPutFastmap, glPrintf
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glXPutFastmap
void glXPutFastmap(int left, int top, int width, int height,
unsigned long bitmap);
DESCRIPTION
Draws bitmap in the specified space. The data for the bitmap are stored in xmem. This
function is like glXPutBitmap(), except that it is faster. The restriction is that the
bitmap must be byte-aligned.
Any portion of a bitmap image or character that is outside the LCD display area will be
clipped.
PARAMETERS
left
the top left corner of the bitmap, must be evenly divisible by 8,
otherwise truncates.
top
the top left corner of the bitmap.
width
the width of the bitmap, must be evenly divisible by 8, otherwise
truncates.
height
the height of the bitmap.
bitmap
the address of the bitmap in xmem.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
glXPutBitmap, glPrintf
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TextWindowFrame
int TextWindowFrame(windowFrame *window, fontInfo *pFont, int x,
int y, int winWidth, int winHeight);
DESCRIPTION
Defines a text-only display window. This function provides a way to display characters
within the text window using only character row and column coordinates. The text window feature provides end-of-line wrapping and clipping after the character in the last
column and row is displayed.
NOTE: Execute the TextWindowFrame() function before other Text... functions.
PARAMETERS
window
a pointer to the window frame descriptor.
pFont
a pointer to the font descriptor.
x
the x coordinate of the top left corner of the text window frame.
y
the y coordinate of the top left corner of the text window frame.
winWidth
the width of the text window frame.
winHeight
the height of the text window frame.
RETURN VALUE
0—window frame was successfully created.
-1—x coordinate + width has exceeded the display boundary.
-2—y coordinate + height has exceeded the display boundary.
-3—Invalid winHeight and/or winWidth parameter value.
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TextBorderInit
void TextBorderInit(windowFrame *wPtr, int border, char *title);
DESCRIPTION
This function initializes the window frame structure with the border and title information.
NOTE: Execute the TextWindowFrame() function before using this function.
PARAMETERS
wPtr
a pointer to the window frame descriptor.
border
the border style:
SINGLE_LINE—The function will draw a single-line border
around the text window.
DOUBLE_LINE—The function will draw a double-line border around the text window.
title
a pointer to the title information:
If a NULL string is detected, then no title is written to the text
menu.
If a string is detected, then it will be written center-aligned to
the top of the text menu box.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
TextBorder, TextGotoXY, TextPutChar, TextWindowFrame, TextCursorLocation
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TextBorder
void TextBorder(windowFrame *wPtr);
DESCRIPTION
This function displays the border for a given window frame. This function will automatically adjust the text window parameters to accommodate the space taken by the
text border. This adjustment will only occur once after the TextBorderInit()
function executes.
NOTE: Execute the TextWindowFrame() function before using this function.
PARAMETER
wPtr
a pointer to the window frame descriptor.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
TextBorderInit, TextGotoXY, TextPutChar, TextWindowFrame,
TextCursorLocation
TextGotoXY
void TextGotoXY(windowFrame *window, int col, int row);
DESCRIPTION
Sets the cursor location to display the next character. The display location is based on
the height and width of the character to be displayed.
NOTE: Execute the TextWindowFrame() function before using this function.
PARAMETERS
window
a pointer to a font descriptor.
col
a character column location.
row
a character row location.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
TextPutChar, TextPrintf, TextWindowFrame
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TextCursorLocation
void TextCursorLocation(windowFrame *window, int *col, int *row);
DESCRIPTION
Gets the current cursor location that was set by a graphic Text... function.
NOTE: Execute the TextWindowFrame() function before using this function.
PARAMETERS
window
a pointer to a font descriptor.
col
a pointer to cursor column variable.
row
a pointer to cursor row variable.
RETURN VALUE
Lower word = Cursor Row location
Upper word = Cursor Column location
SEE ALSO
TextGotoXY, TextPrintf, TextWindowFrame, TextCursorLocation
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TextPutChar
void TextPutChar(struct windowFrame *window, char ch);
DESCRIPTION
Displays a character on the display where the cursor is currently pointing. Once a character is displayed, the cursor will be incremented to the next character position. If any
portion of a bitmap character is outside the LCD display area, the character will not be
displayed.
NOTE: Execute the TextWindowFrame() function before using this function.
PARAMETERS
window
a pointer to a font descriptor.
ch
a character to be displayed on the LCD.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
TextGotoXY, TextPrintf, TextWindowFrame, TextCursorLocation
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TextPrintf
void TextPrintf(struct windowFrame *window, char *fmt, ...);
DESCRIPTION
Prints a formatted string (much like printf) on the LCD screen. Only printable characters in the font set are printed; escape sequences '\r' and '\n' are also recognized. All
other escape sequences will be skipped over; for example, '\b' and \'t' will cause nothing
to be displayed.
The text window feature provides end-of-line wrapping and clipping after the character
in the last column and row is displayed. The cursor then remains at the end of the string.
NOTE: Execute the TextWindowFrame() function before using this function.
PARAMETERS
window
a pointer to a font descriptor.
fmt
a pointer to a formatted string.
...
formatted string conversion parameter(s).
EXAMPLE
TextPrintf(&TextWindow, "Test %d\n", count);
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
TextGotoXY, TextPutChar, TextWindowFrame, TextCursorLocation
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TextMaxChars
int TextMaxChars(windowFrame *wPtr);
DESCRIPTION
This function returns the maximum number of characters that can be displayed within
the text window.
NOTE: Execute the TextWindowFrame() function before using this function.
PARAMETER
wPtr
a pointer to the window frame descriptor.
RETURN VALUE
The maximum number of characters that can be displayed within the text window.
SEE ALSO
TextGotoXY, TextPrintf, TextWindowFrame, TextCursorLocation
TextWinClear
void TextWinClear(windowFrame *wPtr);
DESCRIPTION
This functions clears the entire area within the specified text window.
NOTE: Execute the TextWindowFrame() function before using this function.
PARAMETERS
wPtr
a pointer to the window frame descriptor.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
TextGotoXY, TextPrintf, TextWindowFrame, TextCursorLocation
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C.8.4 Keypad
The functions used to control the keypad are contained in the Dynamic C LIB\KEYPADS\
KEYPAD7.LIB library.
keyInit
void keyInit(void);
DESCRIPTION
Initializes keypad process.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
brdInit
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keyConfig
void keyConfig(char cRaw, char cPress, char cRelease,
char cCntHold, char cSpdLo, char cCntLo, char cSpdHi);
DESCRIPTION
Assigns each key with keypress and release codes, and hold and repeat ticks for auto
repeat and debouncing.
PARAMETERS
a raw key code index.
cRaw
1 × 7 keypad matrix with raw key code index assignments (in brackets):
[0]
[1]
[2]
[4]
[5]
[3]
[6]
User Keypad Interface
cPress
a keypress code
An 8-bit value is returned when a key is pressed.
0 = Unused.
See keypadDef() for default press codes.
cRelease
a key release code.
An 8-bit value is returned when a key is pressed.
0 = Unused.
cCntHold
a hold tick, which is approximately one debounce period or 5 µs.
How long to hold before repeating.
0 = No Repeat.
cSpdLo
a low-speed repeat tick, which is approximately one debounce
period or 5 µs.
How many times to repeat.
0 = None.
cCntLo
a low-speed hold tick, which is approximately one debounce period
or 5 µs.
How long to hold before going to high-speed repeat.
0 = Slow Only.
cSpdHi
a high-speed repeat tick, which is approximately one debounce
period or 5 µs.
How many times to repeat after low speed repeat.
0 = None.
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keyConfig (continued)
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
keyProcess, keyGet, keypadDef
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keyProcess
void keyProcess(void);
DESCRIPTION
Scans and processes keypad data for key assignment, debouncing, press and release,
and repeat.
NOTE: This function is also able to process an 8 × 8 matrix keypad.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
keyConfig, keyGet, keypadDef
keyGet
char keyGet(void);
DESCRIPTION
Get next keypress.
RETURN VALUE
The next keypress, or 0 if none.
SEE ALSO
keyConfig, keyProcess, keypadDef
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
157
keyUnget
int keyUnget(char cKey);
DESCRIPTION
Pushes the value of cKey to the top of the input queue, which is 16 bytes deep.
PARAMETER
cKey
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
keyGet
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
158
keypadDef
void keypadDef();
DESCRIPTION
Configures the physical layout of the keypad with the desired ASCII return key codes.
1 × 7 keypad physical mapping:
0
4
['L']
1
5
2
['U']
['–']
6
['D']
3
['R']
['+']
['E']
where
'L' represents Left Scroll
'U' represents Up Scroll
'D' represents Down Scroll
'R' represents Right Scroll
'–' represents Page Down
'+' represents Page Up
'E' represents the ENTER key
Example: Do the following for the above physical vs. ASCII return key codes.
keyConfig
keyConfig
keyConfig
keyConfig
keyConfig
keyConfig
keyConfig
(
(
(
(
(
(
(
3,'R',0,
6,'E',0,
2,'D',0,
4,'-',0,
1,'U',0,
5,'+',0,
0,'L',0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0,
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
);
);
);
);
);
);
);
Characters are returned upon keypress with no repeat.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
keyConfig, keyGet, keyProcess
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
159
keyScan
void keyScan(char *pcKeys);
DESCRIPTION
Writes "1" to each row and reads the value. The position of a keypress is indicated by
a zero value in a bit position.
PARAMETER
pcKeys
a pointer to the address of the value read.
RETURN VALUE
None.
SEE ALSO
keyConfig, keyGet, keypadDef, keyProcess
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
160
APPENDIX D. POWER SUPPLY
Appendix D provides information on the current requirements of the RCM3900, and
includes some background on the chip select circuit used in power management.
D.1 Power Supplies
Power is supplied from the motherboard to which the RCM3900 is connected via header
J62. The RCM3900 requires a regulated 3.15 V to 3.45 V DC power source. An RCM3900
with no loading at the outputs operating at 44.2 MHz typically draws 350 mA.
D.1.1 Battery Backup
The RCM3900 does not have a battery, but there is provision for a customer-supplied battery to back up the data SRAM and keep the internal Rabbit 3000 real-time clock running.
Header J62, shown in Figure D-1, allows access to the external battery. This header makes
it possible to connect an external 3 V power supply. This allows the SRAM and the internal Rabbit 3000 real-time clock to retain data with the RCM3900 powered down.
External
Battery
J62
VRAM 29
+3.3 VIN
31
30
VBAT_EXT
32
GND
Figure D-1. External Battery Connections
at Header J62
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
161
A lithium battery with a nominal voltage of 3 V and a minimum capacity of 165 mA·h is
recommended. A lithium battery is strongly recommended because of its nearly constant
nominal voltage over most of its life.
The drain on the battery by the RCM3900 is typically 6 µA when no other power is supplied. If a 235 mA·h battery is used, the battery can last about 4.5 years:
235 mA·h
------------------------ = 4.5 years.
6 µA
The actual battery life in your application will depend on the current drawn by components
not on the RCM3900 and the storage capacity of the battery. The RCM3900 does not drain
the battery while it is powered up normally.
Cycle the main power off/on after you install a backup battery for the first time, and whenever you replace the battery. This step will minimize the current drawn by the real-time
clock oscillator circuit from the backup battery should the RCM3900 experience a loss of
main power.
NOTE: Remember to cycle the main power off/on any time the RCM3900 is removed
from the Prototyping Board or motherboard since that is where the backup battery
would be located.
Rabbit’s Technical Note TN235, External 32.768 kHz Oscillator Circuits, provides additional information about the current draw by the real-time clock oscillator circuit.
D.1.2 Battery-Backup Circuit
Figure D-2 shows the battery-backup circuit.
VOSC
VRAM
External Battery
VBAT-EXT
D61
R74
R75
150 kW
100 W
R10
47 kW
C8
100 nF
C9
10 nF
C4
10 nF
Figure D-2. RCM3900 Backup Battery Circuit
The battery-backup circuit serves three purposes:
• It reduces the battery voltage to the SRAM and to the real-time clock, thereby limiting
the current consumed by the real-time clock and lengthening the battery life.
• It ensures that current can flow only out of the battery to prevent charging the battery.
• A voltage, VOSC, is supplied to U5, which keeps the 32.768 kHz oscillator working
when the voltage begins to drop.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
162
D.1.3 Reset Generator
The RCM3900 uses a reset generator to reset the Rabbit 3000 microprocessor when the voltage drops below the voltage necessary for reliable operation. The reset occurs between
2.85 V and 3.00 V, typically 2.93 V.
The RCM3900 has a reset pin, pin 36 on header J1. This pin provides access to the reset
output from the reset generator, and is also connected to the reset input of the Rabbit 3000
to allow you to reset the microprocessor externally. A resistor divider consisting of R22
and R23 attenuates the signal associated with an externally applied reset to prevent it from
affecting the reset generator.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
163
INDEX
Symbols
/IOWR
loading .............................. 31
A
additional information
online documentation ........ 12
B
battery backup
battery life ....................... 162
circuit .............................. 162
external battery connections .
161
use of battery-backed SRAM
46
board initialization
function calls ..................... 49
brdInit() ......................... 49
bus loading ............................ 77
C
clock doubler ........................ 42
conformal coating ................. 82
connectivity interface kits
Connector Adapter Board . 12
Connector Adapter Board ..... 12
D
Development Kit ................... 11
512 MB microSD™ Card . 11
AC adapter ........................ 11
DC power supply .............. 11
Getting Started instructions ..
11
programming cable ........... 11
digital I/O .............................. 27
function calls
digIn() ............................ 50
digOut() ......................... 51
I/O buffer sourcing and sink-
ing limits ....................... 81
memory interface .............. 32
SMODE0 .......................... 35
SMODE1 .......................... 35
digital inputs
switching threshold ........... 94
dimensions
LCD/keypad module ....... 106
LCD/keypad template ..... 109
Prototyping Board ............. 89
RCM3900 .......................... 72
Dynamic C ................ 12, 13, 43
add-on modules ........... 13, 56
installation ..................... 13
battery-backed SRAM ...... 46
FAT file system .......... 47, 48
libraries
RCM39xx.LIB .............. 49
SDFLASH.LIB ............. 48
protected variables ............ 46
Rabbit Embedded Security
Pack .................. 12, 13, 56
sample programs ............... 20
standard features
debugging ...................... 44
telephone-based technical support .......................... 12, 56
upgrades and patches ........ 56
E
Ethernet cables ...................... 57
how to tell them apart ....... 57
Ethernet connections ....... 57, 59
10/100-compatible ............ 59
10Base-T Ethernet card .... 57
additional resources .......... 70
direct connection ............... 59
IP addresses ................. 59, 61
MAC addresses ................. 62
steps .................................. 58
Ethernet port ......................... 34
function calls
pd_powerdown() ........... 34
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
pd_powerup() ................ 34
pinout ................................ 34
powerdown ....................... 34
exclusion zone ...................... 73
external I/O bus
software ............................. 46
F
features .................................... 6
comparison with RCM3365/
RCM3375 ....................... 9
Prototyping Board ....... 86, 87
flash memory addresses
user blocks ........................ 38
H
hardware connections
install RCM3900 on Prototyping Board ...................... 14
power supply ..................... 16
programming cable ........... 15
hardware reset ....................... 16
headers
Prototyping Board
JP3 ........................... 96, 97
JP5 ................................. 99
I
I/O address assignments
LCD/keypad module ....... 110
I/O buffer sourcing and sinking
limits ............................. 81
IP addresses .......................... 61
how to set in sample programs
66
how to set PC IP address .. 67
J
jumper configurations
Prototyping Board
JP1 (stepper motor power
supply) ...................... 103
164
JP2 (stepper motor power
supply) ...................... 103
JP3 (quadrature decoder/serial flash) .................. 103
JP4 (RCM3900 power supply) ........................... 103
JP5 (RS-485 bias and termination resistors) .. 99, 103
stepper motor power supply
101
RCM3900 .......................... 83
JP1 (not stuffed) ............ 83
JP10 (PD3 or TPO+ output
on J61 pin 30) ............. 84
JP11 (flash memory size) ..
84
JP12 (flash memory bank
select) ................... 38, 84
JP13 (data SRAM size) . 84
JP14 (LED DS1 display) 84
JP2 (ACT or PD1 output on
J61 pin 34) .................. 83
JP3 (LINK or PD0 output on
J61 pin 33) .................. 83
JP4 (ENET or PE0 output
on J62 pin 19) ............. 83
JP5 (NAND flash chip enable) ............................ 83
JP7 (PD6 or TPO– input on
J61 pin 31) .................. 84
JP8 (PD7 or TPI+ input on
J61 pin 32) .................. 84
JP9 (PD2 or TPO– output on
J61 pin 29) .................. 84
jumper locations ............ 83
K
keypad template .................. 109
removing and inserting label .
109
L
LCD/keypad module
bezel-mount installation .. 112
dimensions ...................... 106
function calls
dispInit() ...................... 116
header pinout ................... 110
I/O address assignments .. 110
keypad
function calls
keyConfig() ............. 155
keyGet() ................... 157
keyInit() ................... 154
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
keypadDef() ............. 159
keyProcess() ............ 157
keyScan() ................. 160
keyUnget() ............... 158
keypad template .............. 109
LCD display
function calls
glBackLight() .......... 118
glBlankRegion() ...... 123
glBlankScreen() ....... 120
glBlock() ................. 124
glBuffLock() ........... 134
glBuffUnlock() ........ 134
glDispOnOff() ......... 119
glDown1() ............... 142
glFastFillRegion() ... 122
glFillCircle() ............ 128
glFillPolygon() ........ 127
glFillRegion() .......... 121
glFillScreen() ........... 120
glFillVPolygon() ..... 126
glFontCharAddr() .... 130
glGetBrushType() ... 136
glGetPfStep() ........... 131
glHScroll() ............... 143
glInit() ..................... 118
glLeft1() .................. 139
glPlotCircle() ........... 128
glPlotDot() ............... 138
glPlotLine() ............. 138
glPlotPolygon() ....... 125
glPlotVPolygon() .... 124
glPrintf() .................. 133
glPutChar() .............. 132
glPutFont() .............. 130
glRight1() ................ 140
glSetBrushType() .... 135
glSetContrast() ........ 119
glSetPfStep() ........... 131
glSwap() .................. 135
glUp1() .................... 141
glVScroll() ............... 144
glXFontInit() ........... 129
glXGetBitmap() ....... 136
glXGetFastmap() ..... 137
glXPutBitmap() ....... 145
glXPutFastmap() ..... 146
TextBorder() ............ 149
TextBorderInit() ...... 148
TextCursorLocation() ....
150
TextGotoXY() ......... 149
TextMaxChars() ...... 153
TextPrintf() .............. 152
TextPutChar() .......... 151
TextWinClear() ....... 153
TextWindowFrame() 147
LEDs
function calls ............... 117
displedOut() ............ 117
mounting instructions ..... 111
reconfigure keypad ......... 109
remote cable connection . 114
removing and inserting keypad
label ............................ 109
sample programs ............. 115
specifications .................. 107
versions ........................... 106
voltage settings ............... 108
LED (Prototyping Board)
function calls
ledOut() ......................... 53
M
MAC addresses ..................... 62
microSD™ Card
adapter ............................... 40
formatting ......................... 48
programming external LED ..
40
software
SDFLASH.LIB ............. 48
use in mass-storage application ................................ 48
use with SD Card reader ... 40
mounting instructions
LCD/keypad module ....... 111
P
pinout
Ethernet port ..................... 34
LCD/keypad module ....... 110
RCM3900
alternate configurations . 29
RCM3900 headers ............ 27
power supplies
+3.3 V ............................. 161
battery backup ................. 161
Program Mode ...................... 36
switching modes ............... 36
programming cable
PROG connector ............... 36
RCM3900 connections ..... 15
programming port ................. 35
Prototyping Board ................. 86
adding components ........... 93
dimensions ........................ 89
expansion area .................. 87
165
features ........................ 86, 87
jumper configurations ..... 103
jumper locations .............. 102
mounting RCM3900 ......... 14
power supply ..................... 91
prototyping area ................ 93
specifications .................... 90
use of parallel ports ......... 104
R
Rabbit 3000
data and clock delays ........ 79
spectrum spreader time delays
79
Rabbit subsystems ................ 28
RabbitNet
RabbitNet port ................... 99
RCM3900
comparison with RCM3365/
RCM3375 ....................... 9
LEDs ................................. 32
mounting on Prototyping
Board ............................ 14
relay
function calls
relayOut() ...................... 54
remote programming ............ 45
download manager ............ 45
RabbitLink ........................ 45
reset ....................................... 16
reset generator ................. 163
use of reset pin ................ 163
RS-485 network
termination and bias resistors
99
Run Mode ............................. 36
switching modes ............... 36
S
sample programs ................... 20
download manager
DLM_TCP.C ................. 45
DLP_TCP.C .................. 45
getting to know the RCM3900
CONTROLLEDS.C ...... 20
FLASHLEDS.C ............ 20
SWRELAY.C ................ 20
TOGGLESWITCH.C .... 20
how to run TCP/IP sample
programs ................. 65, 66
how to set IP address ........ 66
LCD/keypad module . 25, 115
KEYBASIC.C ............. 109
KEYPADTOLED.C .... 115
LCDKEYFUN.C ......... 115
reconfigure keypad ...... 109
SWITCHTOLCD.C .... 115
microSD™ Card
SDFLASH_INSPECT.C 23
SDFLASH_LOG.C ....... 23
NAND flash
NFLASH_DUMP.C ...... 21
NFLASH_ERASE.C ..... 21
NFLASH_INSPECT.C . 21
NFLASH_LOG.C ......... 21
PONG.C ............................ 17
real-time clock
RTC_TEST.C ................ 25
SETRTCKB.C .............. 25
serial communication
FLOWCONTROL.C ..... 23
PARITY.C .................... 24
SIMPLE3WIRE.C ........ 24
SIMPLE485MASTER.C 25
SIMPLE485SLAVE.C .. 25
SIMPLE5WIRE.C ........ 24
SWITCHCHAR.C ........ 24
TCP/IP
BROWSELED.C .......... 68
DISPLAY_MAC.C ....... 62
MBOXDEMO.C ........... 68
PINGLED.C .................. 68
PINGME.C .................... 68
RabbitWeb
BLINKLEDS.C ......... 69
DOORMONITOR.C . 69
SPRINKLER.C ......... 69
SMTP.C ........................ 69
user-programmable LED
CONTROLLEDS.C ...... 32
FLASHLEDS.C ............ 32
SD Card adapter .................... 40
serial communication ............ 33
function calls
ser485Rx() ..................... 55
ser485Tx() ..................... 55
Prototyping Board
RS-232 .......................... 97
RS-485 termination and bias
resistors ...................... 99
serial port configurations ..
96
RabbitNet port ................... 99
serial ports ............................. 33
Ethernet port ..................... 34
programming port ............. 35
software ................................ 12
external I/O bus ................. 46
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
I/O drivers ......................... 46
libraries
KEYPAD7.LIB ........... 154
LCD122KEY7.LIB .... 116,
117
NAND flash .................. 47
PACKET.LIB ................ 47
RS232.LIB ........ 22, 47, 48
SDFLASH.LIB ............. 48
TCP/IP ........................... 47
microSD™ Card ............... 48
NAND flash drivers .......... 47
power down Ethernet chip 34
serial communication drivers
47
TCP/IP drivers .................. 47
specifications ........................ 71
bus loading ........................ 77
digital I/O buffer sourcing and
sinking limits ................ 81
dimensions ........................ 72
electrical, mechanical, and environmental ................... 74
exclusion zone .................. 73
header footprint ................. 76
headers .............................. 76
LCD/keypad module
dimensions .................. 106
electrical ...................... 107
header footprint ........... 107
mechanical .................. 107
relative pin 1 locations 107
temperature ................. 107
Prototyping Board ............. 90
Rabbit 3000 DC characteristics ................................ 80
Rabbit 3000 timing diagram .
78
relative pin 1 locations ...... 76
spectrum spreader ................. 79
settings .............................. 42
subsystems
digital inputs and outputs .. 27
switches
function calls
switchIn() ...................... 52
switching modes ................... 36
T
TCP/IP primer ....................... 59
technical support ................... 18
troubleshooting
connections ....................... 17
166
U
user block
function calls
readUserBlock() ............ 38
writeUserBlock() ........... 38
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
167
SCHEMATICS
090-0253 RCM3900 Schematic
www.rabbit.com/documentation/schemat/090-0253.pdf
090-0188 Prototyping Board Schematic
www.rabbit.com/documentation/schemat/090-0188.pdf
090-0156 LCD/Keypad Module Schematic
www.rabbit.com/documentation/schemat/090-0156.pdf
090-0252 USB Programming Cable Schematic
www.rabbit.com/documentation/schemat/090-0252.pdf
You may use the URL information provided above to access the latest schematics directly.
RabbitCore RCM3900 User’s Manual
168
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