CCS C Compiler Manual
PCB, PCM, PCH, and PCD
November 2021
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Copyright Custom Computer Services, Inc. 2021
1
Table of Contents
Overview .......................................................................................................................................................... 20
PCB, PCM, PCH and PCD .......................................................................................................................... 20
Installation ................................................................................................................................................... 21
Technical Support ....................................................................................................................................... 21
Directories ................................................................................................................................................... 22
File Formats ................................................................................................................................................ 22
Invoking the Command Line Compiler ......................................................................................................... 24
Menu ........................................................................................................................................................... 26
Editor Tabs.................................................................................................................................................. 26
Slide Out Windows ...................................................................................................................................... 26
Editor .......................................................................................................................................................... 26
Debugging Windows ................................................................................................................................... 26
Status Bar ................................................................................................................................................... 27
Output Messages ........................................................................................................................................ 27
Program Syntax................................................................................................................................................ 28
Comment .................................................................................................................................................... 28
Trigraph Sequences .................................................................................................................................... 29
Multiple Project Files ................................................................................................................................... 30
Multiple Compilation Units ........................................................................................................................... 30
Full Example Program ................................................................................................................................. 31
Statements ....................................................................................................................................................... 33
if .................................................................................................................................................................. 33
while............................................................................................................................................................ 34
do-while....................................................................................................................................................... 35
for ............................................................................................................................................................... 35
switch .......................................................................................................................................................... 35
return .......................................................................................................................................................... 36
goto ............................................................................................................................................................. 36
label ............................................................................................................................................................ 37
break ........................................................................................................................................................... 37
continue ...................................................................................................................................................... 37
expr ............................................................................................................................................................. 38
stmt ............................................................................................................................................................. 38
Expressions ...................................................................................................................................................... 39
2
Constants .................................................................................................................................................... 39
Identifiers .................................................................................................................................................... 39
Operators .................................................................................................................................................... 40
Operator Precedence .................................................................................................................................. 41
Data Definitions ................................................................................................................................................ 42
Basic Types ................................................................................................................................................ 42
Type Qualifiers ............................................................................................................................................ 44
Enumerated Types ...................................................................................................................................... 45
Structures and Unions ................................................................................................................................. 45
typedef ........................................................................................................................................................ 46
Non-RAM Data Definitions .......................................................................................................................... 47
Using Program Memory for Data ................................................................................................................. 48
Named Registers ........................................................................................................................................ 50
Function Definition ............................................................................................................................................ 51
Overloaded Functions ................................................................................................................................. 52
Reference Parameters ................................................................................................................................ 52
Default Parameters ..................................................................................................................................... 53
Variable Argument Lists .............................................................................................................................. 53
Functional Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 55
I2C .............................................................................................................................................................. 55
ADC ............................................................................................................................................................ 56
Analog Comparator ..................................................................................................................................... 58
CAN Bus ..................................................................................................................................................... 59
CCP ............................................................................................................................................................ 64
Code Profile ................................................................................................................................................ 65
Configuration Memory ................................................................................................................................. 66
CRC ............................................................................................................................................................ 67
DAC ............................................................................................................................................................ 68
Data Eeprom ............................................................................................................................................... 69
DCI.............................................................................................................................................................. 71
DMA ............................................................................................................................................................ 72
Data Signal Modulator ................................................................................................................................. 73
Extended RAM ............................................................................................................................................ 74
External Memory ......................................................................................................................................... 75
General Purpose I/O ................................................................................................................................... 75
Input Capture .............................................................................................................................................. 76
3
Internal LCD ................................................................................................................................................ 77
Internal Oscillator ........................................................................................................................................ 78
Interrupts ..................................................................................................................................................... 80
Low Voltage Detect ..................................................................................................................................... 81
Output Compare/PWM Overview ................................................................................................................ 82
Motor Control PWM ..................................................................................................................................... 83
PMP/EPMP ................................................................................................................................................. 84
Power PWM ................................................................................................................................................ 85
Program EEPROM ...................................................................................................................................... 87
PSP............................................................................................................................................................. 89
QEI.............................................................................................................................................................. 90
RS232 I/O ................................................................................................................................................... 91
RTCC .......................................................................................................................................................... 92
RTOS .......................................................................................................................................................... 93
SPI .............................................................................................................................................................. 95
Timers ......................................................................................................................................................... 97
Timer0......................................................................................................................................................... 98
Timer1......................................................................................................................................................... 99
Timer2....................................................................................................................................................... 100
Timer3....................................................................................................................................................... 101
Timer4....................................................................................................................................................... 101
Timer5....................................................................................................................................................... 101
TimerA ...................................................................................................................................................... 102
TimerB ...................................................................................................................................................... 103
USB .......................................................................................................................................................... 104
Voltage Reference..................................................................................................................................... 107
WDT or Watch Dog Timer ......................................................................................................................... 107
Stream I/O................................................................................................................................................. 109
PreProcessor.................................................................................................................................................. 112
__address__ ............................................................................................................................................. 112
_attribute_x ............................................................................................................................................... 112
#asm, #endasm, #asm asis ....................................................................................................................... 113
#bank_dma ............................................................................................................................................... 124
#bankx ...................................................................................................................................................... 124
#banky ...................................................................................................................................................... 125
#bit ............................................................................................................................................................ 125
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__buildcount__ .......................................................................................................................................... 126
#build ........................................................................................................................................................ 126
#byte ......................................................................................................................................................... 129
#case ........................................................................................................................................................ 130
__date__ ................................................................................................................................................... 130
#define ...................................................................................................................................................... 131
#definedinc................................................................................................................................................ 132
#device ..................................................................................................................................................... 133
_device__.................................................................................................................................................. 136
#if
#else
#elif
#endif ......................................................................................................................... 136
#error ........................................................................................................................................................ 137
#export (options) ....................................................................................................................................... 138
__file__ ..................................................................................................................................................... 139
__filename__............................................................................................................................................. 140
#fill_rom .................................................................................................................................................... 140
#fuses ....................................................................................................................................................... 141
#hexcomment............................................................................................................................................ 142
#id ............................................................................................................................................................. 142
#ifdef #ifndef #else #endif ..................................................................................................................... 143
#ignore_warnings ...................................................................................................................................... 144
#import(options) ........................................................................................................................................ 145
#include..................................................................................................................................................... 146
#inline ....................................................................................................................................................... 147
#int_xxxx ................................................................................................................................................... 147
#int_default ............................................................................................................................................... 154
#int_global................................................................................................................................................. 155
__line__ .................................................................................................................................................... 156
#list ........................................................................................................................................................... 156
#line .......................................................................................................................................................... 157
#locate ...................................................................................................................................................... 157
#module .................................................................................................................................................... 158
#nolist ....................................................................................................................................................... 159
#ocs .......................................................................................................................................................... 159
#opt ........................................................................................................................................................... 160
#org........................................................................................................................................................... 160
#pin_select ................................................................................................................................................ 162
5
__pcb__ .................................................................................................................................................... 167
__pcd__ .................................................................................................................................................... 167
__pcm__ ................................................................................................................................................... 168
__pch__ .................................................................................................................................................... 168
#pragma .................................................................................................................................................... 169
#priority ..................................................................................................................................................... 169
#profile ...................................................................................................................................................... 170
#recursive ................................................................................................................................................. 171
#reserve .................................................................................................................................................... 171
#rom.......................................................................................................................................................... 172
#separate .................................................................................................................................................. 173
#serialize ................................................................................................................................................... 174
#task ......................................................................................................................................................... 176
__time__ ................................................................................................................................................... 177
#todo ......................................................................................................................................................... 177
#type ......................................................................................................................................................... 178
#undef ....................................................................................................................................................... 180
__unicode__ ............................................................................................................................................. 181
#use capture ............................................................................................................................................. 182
#use_delay................................................................................................................................................ 183
#use dynamic_memory ............................................................................................................................. 185
#use fast_io ............................................................................................................................................... 186
#use fixed_io ............................................................................................................................................. 186
#use i2c..................................................................................................................................................... 187
#use profile() ............................................................................................................................................. 190
#use pwm() ............................................................................................................................................... 190
#use rs232 ................................................................................................................................................ 192
use rtos ..................................................................................................................................................... 196
#use spi..................................................................................................................................................... 197
#use standard_io ....................................................................................................................................... 199
#use timer ................................................................................................................................................. 200
#use touchpad........................................................................................................................................... 201
#warning ................................................................................................................................................... 202
#word ........................................................................................................................................................ 203
#zero_local_ram ........................................................................................................................................ 204
#zero_ram ................................................................................................................................................. 205
6
Built-in Functions ............................................................................................................................................ 206
abs( )......................................................................................................................................................... 206
sin( ) cos( ) tan( )
asin( ) acos() atan() sinh() cosh() tanh() atan2() ............................................... 207
act_status( ) .............................................................................................................................................. 209
adc_done( ) adc2_done( )
adc_done2( ) ................................................................................................ 209
adc_read( )................................................................................................................................................ 210
adc_status() .............................................................................................................................................. 211
adc_write() ................................................................................................................................................ 212
assert( ) ..................................................................................................................................................... 212
atoe( ) ....................................................................................................................................................... 213
atof( )
atof48( ) atof64( ) strtof48( ) ...................................................................................................... 214
atoi( ) atol( ) atoi32( ) atol32( ) atoi48( ) atoi64( ) .................................................................................. 215
at_clear_interrupts( ) ................................................................................................................................. 216
at_disable_interrupts( ) .............................................................................................................................. 217
at_enable_interrupts( ) .............................................................................................................................. 218
at_get_capture( ) ....................................................................................................................................... 219
at_get_missing_pulse_delay( ) .................................................................................................................. 220
at_get_period( ) ......................................................................................................................................... 221
at_get_phase_counter( ) ........................................................................................................................... 221
at_get_resolution( ) ................................................................................................................................... 222
at_get_set_point( ) .................................................................................................................................... 223
at_get_set_point_error( ) ........................................................................................................................... 223
at_get_status( ) ......................................................................................................................................... 224
at_interrupt_active( ) ................................................................................................................................. 225
at_set_compare_time( )............................................................................................................................. 226
at_set_missing_pulse_delay( ) .................................................................................................................. 227
at_set_resolution( ).................................................................................................................................... 228
at_set_set_point( )..................................................................................................................................... 228
at_setup_cc( ) ........................................................................................................................................... 229
bit_clear( ) ................................................................................................................................................. 230
bit_first( ) ................................................................................................................................................... 231
bit_last( ) ................................................................................................................................................... 232
bit_set( ) .................................................................................................................................................... 232
bit_test( ) ................................................................................................................................................... 233
brownout_enable( ) ................................................................................................................................... 234
bsearch( ) .................................................................................................................................................. 235
7
calloc( ) ..................................................................................................................................................... 236
ceil( ) ......................................................................................................................................................... 237
clc1_setup_gate( ) clc2_setup_gate( ) clc3_setup_gate( ) clc4_setup_gate( ) ......................................... 237
clc1_setup_input() clc2_setup_input() clc3_setup_input() clc4_setup_input() ............................................ 238
clear_dmt( ) ............................................................................................................................................... 239
clear_interrupt( ) ........................................................................................................................................ 240
clear_pwm1_interrupt( ) clear_pwm2_interrupt( ) clear_pwm3_interrupt( ) clear_pwm4_interrupt( )
clear_pwm5_interrupt( ) clear_pwm6_interrupt( )....................................................................................... 241
cog_restart( ) cog2_restart( ) cog3_restart( ) cog4_restart() ................................................................... 242
cog_status( ) cog2_status( ) cog3_status( ) cog4_status( ) ..................................................................... 242
crc_calc(mode )......................................................................................................................................... 243
crc_init(mode) ........................................................................................................................................... 245
crc_read( )................................................................................................................................................. 245
crc_write( ) ................................................................................................................................................ 246
cwg_restart( ) cwg2_restart( ) cwg3_restart( ) ......................................................................................... 247
cwg_status( ) cwg2_status( ) cwg3_status( ) ........................................................................................... 247
dac_write( ) ............................................................................................................................................... 248
dci_data_received( ) .................................................................................................................................. 249
dci_read( ) ................................................................................................................................................. 250
dci_start( ) ................................................................................................................................................. 251
dci_transmit_ready( ) ................................................................................................................................. 252
dci_write( ) ................................................................................................................................................ 253
delay_cycles( ) .......................................................................................................................................... 254
delay_ms( ) ............................................................................................................................................... 254
delay_us( ) ................................................................................................................................................ 256
disable_dmt( ) ........................................................................................................................................... 257
disable_interrupts( )................................................................................................................................... 257
disable_pwm1_interrupt( ) disable_pwm2_interrupt( ) disable_pwm3_interrupt( ) disable_pwm4_interrupt( )
disable_pwm5_interrupt( ) disable_pwm6_interrupt( ) ............................................................................... 259
div( ) ldiv( ) ............................................................................................................................................... 260
dma_start( ) ............................................................................................................................................... 261
dma_status( ) ............................................................................................................................................ 263
dmt_status( ) ............................................................................................................................................. 264
enable_dmt( ) ............................................................................................................................................ 264
enable_interrupts( ) ................................................................................................................................... 265
erase_program_memory( ) ........................................................................................................................ 267
8
enable_pwm1_interrupt( ) enable_pwm2_interrupt( ) enable_pwm3_interrupt( ) enable_pwm4_interrupt( )
enable_pwm5_interrupt( ) enable_pwm6_interrupt( ) ................................................................................ 268
erase_eeprom( )........................................................................................................................................ 269
erase_program_memory( ) ........................................................................................................................ 269
exp( )......................................................................................................................................................... 270
ext_int_edge( ) .......................................................................................................................................... 271
fabs( )........................................................................................................................................................ 272
getc( ) getch( ) getchar( ) fgetc( ) ............................................................................................................ 272
gets( ) fgets( ) ........................................................................................................................................... 274
floor( ) ....................................................................................................................................................... 275
fmod( ) ...................................................................................................................................................... 275
printf( ) fprintf( ) ........................................................................................................................................ 276
putc( ) putchar( ) fputc( ) ............................................................................................................................ 278
puts( ) fputs( ) ............................................................................................................................................ 279
free( ) ........................................................................................................................................................ 280
frexp( ) ...................................................................................................................................................... 281
scanf( ) fscanf( ) ....................................................................................................................................... 282
get_adc_ports( ) ........................................................................................................................................ 284
get_capture( ) ............................................................................................................................................ 285
[PCD] get_capture( ) ................................................................................................................................ 286
get_capture32_ccp1( ) get_capture_ccp1( ) get_capture_ccp2() get_capture_ccp3( ) get_capture_ccp4( )
get_capture_ccp5( ) .................................................................................................................................. 287
[PCD] get_capture32_ccp1( ) get_capture32_ccp2( ) get_capture32_ccp3( ) get_capture32_ccp4( )
get_capture32_ccp5( ) .............................................................................................................................. 288
get_capture_event( ) ................................................................................................................................. 289
get_capture_time( ) ................................................................................................................................... 289
[PCD] get_capture32( )............................................................................................................................. 290
get_hspwm_capture( ) ............................................................................................................................... 291
get_hspwm_feedback( ) ............................................................................................................................ 291
get_hspwm_status( ) ................................................................................................................................. 292
get_motor_pwm_count( )........................................................................................................................... 293
get_nco_accumulator( ) ............................................................................................................................. 294
get_nco_inc_value( ) ................................................................................................................................. 295
get_ticks( ) ................................................................................................................................................ 295
get_timerA( ) ............................................................................................................................................. 296
get_timerB( ) ............................................................................................................................................. 297
get_timerx( ) .............................................................................................................................................. 297
9
get_timerxy( ) ............................................................................................................................................ 299
get_timer_ccp1( ) get_timer_ccp2( ) get_timer_ccp3( ) get_timer_ccp4( ) get_timer_ccp5( ) ................. 300
get_tris_x( ) ............................................................................................................................................... 301
get_wdt( ) .................................................................................................................................................. 301
getenv( ) .................................................................................................................................................... 302
goto_address( ) ......................................................................................................................................... 307
high_speed_adc_done( ) ........................................................................................................................... 308
hspwm_do_capture( )................................................................................................................................ 309
hspwm_stop_pwm( ) ................................................................................................................................. 310
hspwm_trigger_pwm( ) .............................................................................................................................. 310
hspwm_update( ) ...................................................................................................................................... 311
i2c_init( ) ................................................................................................................................................... 312
i2c_isr_state( )........................................................................................................................................... 313
i2c_poll( ) .................................................................................................................................................. 314
i2c_read( ) ................................................................................................................................................. 315
i2c_slaveaddr( )......................................................................................................................................... 316
i2c_speed( ) .............................................................................................................................................. 317
i2c_start( ) ................................................................................................................................................. 318
i2c_stop( ) ................................................................................................................................................. 319
i2c_transfer( ) ............................................................................................................................................ 320
i2c_transfer_in( ) ....................................................................................................................................... 321
i2c_transfer_out( ) ..................................................................................................................................... 322
i2c_write( ) ................................................................................................................................................ 323
input( )....................................................................................................................................................... 324
input_change_x( ) ..................................................................................................................................... 325
input_state( ) ............................................................................................................................................. 326
input_x( ) ................................................................................................................................................... 327
interrupt_active( ) ...................................................................................................................................... 328
interrupt_enabled() .................................................................................................................................... 329
isalnum(char) isalpha(char) iscntrl(x) isdigit(char) isgraph(x) islower(char) isspace(char)
isupper(char) isxdigit(char) isprint(x) ispunct(x) .................................................................................. 330
isamong( ) ................................................................................................................................................. 331
itoa( )......................................................................................................................................................... 332
jump_to_isr( ) ............................................................................................................................................ 333
kbhit( ) ....................................................................................................................................................... 333
label_address( ) ........................................................................................................................................ 335
labs( ) ........................................................................................................................................................ 335
10
lcd_contrast( ) ........................................................................................................................................... 336
lcd_load( ) ................................................................................................................................................. 337
lcd_symbol( ) ............................................................................................................................................. 337
ldexp( ) ...................................................................................................................................................... 338
load_slave_program( ) .............................................................................................................................. 339
log( ).......................................................................................................................................................... 340
log10( ) ...................................................................................................................................................... 341
longjmp( ) .................................................................................................................................................. 342
make8( ) .................................................................................................................................................... 342
make16( ) .................................................................................................................................................. 343
make32( ) .................................................................................................................................................. 344
malloc( ) .................................................................................................................................................... 345
memcpy( ) memmove( ) ........................................................................................................................... 345
memset( ) .................................................................................................................................................. 346
modf( ) ...................................................................................................................................................... 347
msi_fifo_status( ) ....................................................................................................................................... 348
msi_mailbox_status( ) ............................................................................................................................... 349
msi_read_fifo( ) ......................................................................................................................................... 349
msi_read_mailbox( ) .................................................................................................................................. 350
msi_status( ) ............................................................................................................................................. 351
msi_write_fifo( ) ......................................................................................................................................... 352
msi_write_mailbox( ) ................................................................................................................................. 353
mul( )......................................................................................................................................................... 353
nargs( ) ..................................................................................................................................................... 354
offset( ) offsetofbit( ) ................................................................................................................................. 355
outputx( ) ................................................................................................................................................... 356
output_bit( ) ............................................................................................................................................... 357
output_drive( ) ........................................................................................................................................... 358
output_float( ) ............................................................................................................................................ 359
output_high( ) ............................................................................................................................................ 360
output_low( ) ............................................................................................................................................. 361
output_toggle( ) ......................................................................................................................................... 362
perror( ) ..................................................................................................................................................... 363
pid_busy( ) ................................................................................................................................................ 364
pid_get_result( ) ........................................................................................................................................ 364
pid_read( )................................................................................................................................................. 366
11
pid_write( ) ................................................................................................................................................ 367
pin_select( ) .............................................................................................................................................. 368
pll_locked( )............................................................................................................................................... 369
pmp_address(address )............................................................................................................................. 370
pmp_output_full( ) pmp_input_full( ) pmp_overflow( ) pmp_error( ) pmp_timeout( ) ................................... 370
pmp_read( ) .............................................................................................................................................. 371
pmp_write( ) .............................................................................................................................................. 372
port_a_current_source( ) ........................................................................................................................... 374
port_x_pullups( ) ....................................................................................................................................... 374
pow( ) pwr( ) ............................................................................................................................................. 375
prgx_status() ............................................................................................................................................. 376
printf( ) fprintf( ) ....................................................................................................................................... 377
profileout( ) ................................................................................................................................................ 379
psmc_blanking( ) ....................................................................................................................................... 380
psmc_deadband( ) .................................................................................................................................... 381
psmc_duty( ) ............................................................................................................................................. 382
psmc_freq_adjust( )................................................................................................................................... 383
psmc_modulation( ) ................................................................................................................................... 384
psmc_pins( ) ............................................................................................................................................. 385
psmc_shutdown( ) ..................................................................................................................................... 386
psmc_sync( ) ............................................................................................................................................. 387
psp_output_full( ) psp_input_full( ) psp_overflow( ) psp_error( ) psp_timeout( ) ..................................... 388
psp_read( )................................................................................................................................................ 389
psp_write................................................................................................................................................... 390
putc_send( ) fputc_send( )......................................................................................................................... 390
pwm_off( ) ................................................................................................................................................. 392
pwm_set_duty( )........................................................................................................................................ 392
pwm_set_duty_percent( ) .......................................................................................................................... 393
pwm_set_frequency( ) ............................................................................................................................... 394
pwm1_interrupt_active( ) pwm2_interrupt_active( ) pwm3_interrupt_active( ) pwm4_interrupt_active( )
pwm5_interrupt_active( ) pwm6_interrupt_active( ) ................................................................................... 394
[PCD] qei_get_capture() ........................................................................................................................... 395
qei_get_count( ) ........................................................................................................................................ 396
[PCD] qei_get_index_count().................................................................................................................... 397
[PCD] qei_get_interval_count()................................................................................................................. 398
[PCD] qei_get_velocity_count() ................................................................................................................ 398
qei_set_count( ) ........................................................................................................................................ 399
12
[PCD] qei_set_index_count() .................................................................................................................... 400
qei_status( ) .............................................................................................................................................. 401
qsort( ) ...................................................................................................................................................... 401
rand( ) ....................................................................................................................................................... 402
rcv_buffer_bytes( ) .................................................................................................................................... 403
rcv_buffer_full( ) ........................................................................................................................................ 404
read_adc( ) [PCD] read_adc2( ).............................................................................................................. 404
read_bank( ) .............................................................................................................................................. 406
read_calibration( ) ..................................................................................................................................... 407
read_calibration_memory( ) ....................................................................................................................... 408
read_config_info( ) .................................................................................................................................... 409
read_configuration_memory( )................................................................................................................... 409
read_device_info( ).................................................................................................................................... 410
read_dmt( ) ............................................................................................................................................... 411
read_eeprom( ) ......................................................................................................................................... 412
read_extended_ram( ) ............................................................................................................................... 413
read_program_memory( ).......................................................................................................................... 414
read_high_speed_adc( )............................................................................................................................ 414
read_program_memory( ).......................................................................................................................... 416
read_program_memory( ).......................................................................................................................... 417
read_program_memory8( ) ........................................................................................................................ 418
read_rom_memory( )................................................................................................................................. 418
read_sd_adc( ) .......................................................................................................................................... 419
realloc( ) .................................................................................................................................................... 420
release_io( ) .............................................................................................................................................. 421
reset_cpu( ) ............................................................................................................................................... 422
restart_cause( ) ......................................................................................................................................... 422
restart_wdt( ) ............................................................................................................................................. 423
rotate_left( )............................................................................................................................................... 424
rotate_right( )............................................................................................................................................. 425
rtc_alarm_read( ) ....................................................................................................................................... 426
rtc_alarm_write( ) ...................................................................................................................................... 427
rtc_read( ) ................................................................................................................................................. 428
[PCD] rtc_status( ) .................................................................................................................................... 429
[PCD] rtc_tsx_read() ................................................................................................................................. 429
rtc_write( ) ................................................................................................................................................. 430
13
rtos_await( ) .............................................................................................................................................. 431
rtos_disable( ) ........................................................................................................................................... 432
rtos_enable( ) ............................................................................................................................................ 432
rtos_msg_poll( ) ........................................................................................................................................ 433
rtos_msg_read( ) ....................................................................................................................................... 434
rtos_msg_send( ) ...................................................................................................................................... 434
rtos_overrun( )........................................................................................................................................... 435
rtos_run( ) ................................................................................................................................................. 436
rtos_signal( ) ............................................................................................................................................. 437
rtos_stats( ) ............................................................................................................................................... 437
rtos_terminate( ) ........................................................................................................................................ 438
rtos_wait( ) ................................................................................................................................................ 439
rtos_yield( ) ............................................................................................................................................... 440
set_adc_channel( ) set_adc2_channel( ) ................................................................................................. 441
set_adc_trigger( ) ...................................................................................................................................... 442
set_analog_pins( ) ..................................................................................................................................... 443
scanf( ) fscanf( ) ...................................................................................................................................... 443
[PCD] sent_getd( ).................................................................................................................................... 446
[PCD] sent_putd( ).................................................................................................................................... 447
[PCD] sent_status( ) ................................................................................................................................. 448
set_ccp1_compare_time( ) set_ccp2_compare_time( ) set_ccp3_compare_time( )
set_ccp5_compare_time( ) set_ccp5_compare_time( )............................................................................ 449
set_cog_blanking( ) set_cog2_blanking( )
set_cog3_blanking( ) set_cog4_blanking( )....................... 450
set_cog_dead_band( ) set_cog2_dead_band( ) set_cog3_dead_band( ) set_cog4_dead_band( )....... 451
set_cog_phase( ) set_cog2_phase( ) set_cog3_phase( ) set_cog4_phase( ) ...................................... 451
set_compare_time( ) ................................................................................................................................. 452
set_dedicated_adc_channel( )................................................................................................................... 453
set_hspwm_event( )
set_hspwm_secondary_event( ) ........................................................................... 455
set_hspwm_duty( ) .................................................................................................................................... 455
set_hspwm_duty_adjustment( ) ................................................................................................................. 456
set_hspwm_override( ) .............................................................................................................................. 457
set_hspwm_period( ) ................................................................................................................................. 458
set_hspwm_phase( ) ................................................................................................................................. 459
set_hspwm_scaling( )................................................................................................................................ 460
set_hspwm_scaling( )................................................................................................................................ 461
set_input_level_x( ) ................................................................................................................................... 462
set_motor_pwm_duty( ) ............................................................................................................................. 463
14
set_motor_pwm_event( ) ........................................................................................................................... 463
set_motor_unit( ) ....................................................................................................................................... 464
set_nco_accumulator( ) ............................................................................................................................. 465
set_nco_inc_value( ) ................................................................................................................................. 466
set_open_drain_x(value) ........................................................................................................................... 466
set_power_pwm_override( ) ...................................................................................................................... 467
set_power_pwmx_duty( ) .......................................................................................................................... 468
set_pulldown( ) .......................................................................................................................................... 469
set_pullup( ) .............................................................................................................................................. 470
set_pwm1_duty( ) set_pwm2_duty( ) set_pwm3_duty( ) set_pwm4_duty( ) set_pwm5_duty( ) .................. 470
set_pwm1_offset( ) set_pwm2_offset( ) set_pwm3_offset( ) set_pwm4_offset( ) set_pwm5_offset( )
set_pwm6_offset( ) .................................................................................................................................... 472
set_pwm1_period( ) set_pwm2_period( ) set_pwm3_period( ) set_pwm4_period( ) set_pwm5_period( )
set_pwm6_period( )................................................................................................................................... 473
set_pwmx_phase( ) ................................................................................................................................... 474
set_timerx( ) set_rtcc( ) set_timer0( ) set_timer1( ) set_timer2( ) set_timer3( ) set_timer4( ) set_timer5( )
.................................................................................................................................................................. 475
set_ticks( )................................................................................................................................................. 476
setup_sd_adc_calibration( ) ...................................................................................................................... 477
set_sd_adc_channel( ) .............................................................................................................................. 478
set_slow_slew_x() ..................................................................................................................................... 479
set_timerA( ) ............................................................................................................................................. 480
set_timerB( ) ............................................................................................................................................. 480
set_timerxy( ) ............................................................................................................................................ 481
set_timer_ccp1( ) set_timer_ccp2( ) set_timer_ccp3( ) set_timer_ccp4( ) set_timer_ccp5( ) set_timer_ccp6( )
.................................................................................................................................................................. 482
set_timer_period_ccp1( ) set_timer_period_ccp2( ) set_timer_period_ccp3( ) set_timer_period_ccp4( )
set_timer_period_ccp5( ) set_timer_period_ccp6( ) ................................................................................... 483
set_tris( ) ................................................................................................................................................... 484
set_uart_speed( ) ...................................................................................................................................... 485
setjmp( ) .................................................................................................................................................... 486
setup_act( ) ............................................................................................................................................... 487
setup_adc(mode) ...................................................................................................................................... 487
[PCD] setup_adc2(mode) ......................................................................................................................... 487
setup_adc_ports( ) .................................................................................................................................... 489
[PCD] setup_adc_ports2( ) ....................................................................................................................... 489
setup_adc_reference( ) setup_adc_reference2( ) ..................................................................................... 490
setup_adc_reference( ) setup_adc_reference2( ) ..................................................................................... 491
15
setup_at( ) ................................................................................................................................................. 492
setup_capture( ) ........................................................................................................................................ 493
setup_ccp1( ) setup_ccp2( ) setup_ccp3( ) setup_ccp4( ) setup_ccp5( ) setup_ccp6( ) setup_ccp8( )
setup_ccp9( ) setup_ccp10( ) ................................................................................................................... 494
setup_clc1() setup_clc2() setup_clc3() setup_clc4() .................................................................................. 497
setup_comparator( ) .................................................................................................................................. 498
[PCD]setup_comparator_dac( ) ................................................................................................................. 500
setup_comparator_filter( ) ......................................................................................................................... 501
setup_comparator_mask( ) ........................................................................................................................ 502
[PCD] setup_comparator_slope( ) ............................................................................................................ 503
setup_comparator_x( ) .............................................................................................................................. 504
setup_compare( ) ...................................................................................................................................... 505
setup_counters( ) ...................................................................................................................................... 505
setup_crc(mode) ....................................................................................................................................... 507
setup_cog( )setup_cog2( )......................................................................................................................... 508
setup_cwg( ) setup_cwg2( ) setup_cwg3( ) ............................................................................................. 509
[PCD] setup_current_source() .................................................................................................................. 510
setup_dac( ) .............................................................................................................................................. 510
setup_dci( ) ............................................................................................................................................... 511
setup_dedicated_adc( ) ............................................................................................................................. 513
setup_dma( ) ............................................................................................................................................. 514
setup_dmt( ) .............................................................................................................................................. 515
setup_dsm() .............................................................................................................................................. 516
setup_external_memory( )......................................................................................................................... 517
setup_high_speed_adc( ) .......................................................................................................................... 518
setup_high_speed_adc_pair( ) .................................................................................................................. 519
setup_hspwm( ) setup_hspwm_secondary( )........................................................................................... 520
setup_hspwm_blanking( ).......................................................................................................................... 521
setup_hspwm_chop_clock( ) ..................................................................................................................... 522
setup_hspwm_current_limit( ).................................................................................................................... 523
setup_hspwm_event( ) .............................................................................................................................. 524
setup_hspwm_fault( ) ................................................................................................................................ 525
setup_hspwm_feed_forward( ) .................................................................................................................. 525
setup_hspwm_logic_x( ) ............................................................................................................................ 526
setup_hspwm_sync( ) ............................................................................................................................... 527
setup_hspwm_trigger( ) ............................................................................................................................. 528
setup_hspwm_unit( ) ................................................................................................................................. 529
16
setup_hspwm_unit_chop_clock( ).............................................................................................................. 530
setup_lcd( ) ............................................................................................................................................... 531
setup_low_volt_detect( )............................................................................................................................ 533
setup_motor_pwm( ) ................................................................................................................................. 534
setup_msi( ) .............................................................................................................................................. 535
setup_nco( ) .............................................................................................................................................. 535
setup_opamp1( ) setup_opamp2( ) setup_opamp3( ) setup_opamp4( ) .................................................... 536
setup_opamp1( ) setup_opamp2( ) setup_opamp3( ) setup_opamp4( ).................................................... 537
setup_oscillator( ) ...................................................................................................................................... 538
setup_pga( ) .............................................................................................................................................. 540
setup_pid( ) ............................................................................................................................................... 540
setup_pmp(option,address_mask)............................................................................................................. 541
setup_power_pwm( ) ................................................................................................................................. 542
setup_power_pwm_faults( ) ...................................................................................................................... 544
setup_power_pwm_pins( ) ........................................................................................................................ 545
setup_prgx() .............................................................................................................................................. 545
setup_psmc( ) ........................................................................................................................................... 546
setup_psp(option,address_mask) .............................................................................................................. 548
setup_pwm1( ) setup_pwm2( ) setup_pwm3( ) setup_pwm4( ) .................................................................. 550
setup_qei( ) ............................................................................................................................................... 550
setup_rtc( ) ................................................................................................................................................ 551
setup_rtc_alarm( ) ..................................................................................................................................... 553
setup_sd_adc( ) ........................................................................................................................................ 553
[PCD] setup_sent( ) .................................................................................................................................. 554
setup_smtx( ) ............................................................................................................................................ 555
setup_spi( ) setup_spi2( ) setup_spi3( ) setup_spi4( ) ........................................................................... 556
setup_timerx( ) .......................................................................................................................................... 557
setup_timerA( ).......................................................................................................................................... 559
setup_timerB( ).......................................................................................................................................... 560
setup_timer0( ) .......................................................................................................................................... 560
setup_timer1( ) .......................................................................................................................................... 561
setup_timer2( ) .......................................................................................................................................... 562
setup_timer3( ) .......................................................................................................................................... 563
setup_timer4( ) .......................................................................................................................................... 564
setup_timer5( ) .......................................................................................................................................... 565
setup_uart( ) .............................................................................................................................................. 565
17
setup_vref( ) setup_vref2( ) ..................................................................................................................... 567
setup_wdt( ) .............................................................................................................................................. 568
setup_zcd( ) .............................................................................................................................................. 570
shift_left( ) ................................................................................................................................................. 571
shift_right( ) ............................................................................................................................................... 572
sleep( ) ...................................................................................................................................................... 573
sleep_ulpwu( ) ........................................................................................................................................... 574
smtx_read( ) .............................................................................................................................................. 575
smtx_reset_timer( ) ................................................................................................................................... 576
smtx_start( ) .............................................................................................................................................. 576
smtx_status( )............................................................................................................................................ 577
smtx_stop( ) .............................................................................................................................................. 578
smtx_write( ) ............................................................................................................................................. 578
smtx_update( ) .......................................................................................................................................... 579
spi_data_is_in( ) spi_data_is_in2( )spi_data_is_in3( ).............................................................................. 580
spi_init( ) ................................................................................................................................................... 581
spi_prewrite( ) ........................................................................................................................................... 581
spi_read( ) spi_read2( ) spi_read3( ) spi_read4( ) ................................................................................. 582
spi_set_txcnt( ) .......................................................................................................................................... 584
spi_speed() ............................................................................................................................................... 585
[PCD] spi_transfer_write() ........................................................................................................................ 585
spi_write( ) spi_write2( ) spi_write3( ) spi_write4( ) ................................................................................. 586
spi_xfer( ) .................................................................................................................................................. 588
spi_xfer_in( ) ............................................................................................................................................. 589
sprintf( ) ..................................................................................................................................................... 589
sqrt( ) ........................................................................................................................................................ 590
srand( ) ..................................................................................................................................................... 591
STANDARD STRING FUNCTIONS( ) memchr( ) memcmp( ) strcat( )
strchr( )
strcmp( )
strcoll( )
strcspn( ) strerror( ) stricmp( )
strlen( )
strlwr( )
strncat( ) strncmp( ) strncpy( )
strpbrk( )
strrchr( )
strspn( ) strstr( )
strxfrm( ) ....................................................................... 592
strcpy( ) strcopy( ) .................................................................................................................................... 593
strtod( )
[PCD] strtof( ) [PCD] strto48( ) ............................................................................................... 594
strtok( ) ...................................................................................................................................................... 595
strtol( )....................................................................................................................................................... 596
strtoul( ) ..................................................................................................................................................... 597
swap( ) ...................................................................................................................................................... 598
tolower( ) toupper( ) ................................................................................................................................. 599
18
touchpad_getc( ) ....................................................................................................................................... 599
touchpad_hit( ) .......................................................................................................................................... 600
touchpad_state( ) ...................................................................................................................................... 601
tx_buffer_available( ) ................................................................................................................................. 602
tx_buffer_bytes( ) ...................................................................................................................................... 603
tx_buffer_full( ) .......................................................................................................................................... 604
va_arg( ).................................................................................................................................................... 605
va_end( ) ................................................................................................................................................... 605
va_start( ) .................................................................................................................................................. 606
verify_slave_program( ) ............................................................................................................................. 607
write_bank( ) ............................................................................................................................................. 608
write_configuration_memory( ) .................................................................................................................. 609
write_eeprom( ) ......................................................................................................................................... 610
write_external_memory( ) .......................................................................................................................... 611
write_extended_ram( ) .............................................................................................................................. 612
write_program_eeprom( ) .......................................................................................................................... 613
write_program_memory( ) ......................................................................................................................... 614
write_program_memory8( ) ....................................................................................................................... 616
zcd_status( ) ............................................................................................................................................. 616
Standard C Include Files ................................................................................................................................ 618
errno.h ...................................................................................................................................................... 618
float.h ........................................................................................................................................................ 618
limits.h....................................................................................................................................................... 619
locale.h ..................................................................................................................................................... 620
setjmp.h .................................................................................................................................................... 620
stddef.h ..................................................................................................................................................... 620
stdio.h ....................................................................................................................................................... 620
stdlib.h ...................................................................................................................................................... 620
Software License Agreement .......................................................................................................................... 622
19
Overview
OVERVIEW
PCB, PCM, PCH and PCD
The PCB, PCM, and PCH are separate compilers. PCB is for 12-bit opcodes, PCM is for
14-bit opcodes, and PCH is for 16-bit opcode PIC® microcontrollers. Due to many
similarities, all three compilers are covered in this reference manual. Features and
limitations that apply to only specific microcontrollers are indicated within. These
compilers are specifically designed to meet the unique needs of the PIC® microcontroller.
This allows developers to quickly design applications software in a more readable, highlevel language.
PCD is a C Compiler for Microchip's 24bit opcode family of microcontrollers, which
include the dsPIC30, dsPIC33 and PIC24 families. The compiler is specifically designed
to meet the unique needs of the dsPIC® microcontroller. This allows developers to
quickly design applications software in a more readable, high-level language.
The compiler can efficiently implement normal C constructs, input/output operations, and
bit twiddling operations. All normal C data types are supported along with pointers to
constant arrays, fixed point decimal, and arrays of bits.
[PCD] Special built in functions to perform common functions in the MPU with ease.
Extended constructs like bit arrays, multiple address space handling and effective
implementation of constant data in Rom make code generation very effective.
[PCD]
IDE Compilers (PCW, PCWH and PCWHD) have the exclusive C Aware integrated
development environment for compiling, analyzing and debugging in real-time. Other
features and integrated tools can be viewed here.
When compared to a more traditional C compiler, PCB, PCM, and PCH have some
limitations. As an example of the limitations, function recursion is not allowed. This is due
to the fact that the PIC® has no stack to push variables onto, and also because of the
way the compilers optimize the code. The compilers can efficiently implement normal C
constructs, input/output operations, and bit twiddling operations. All normal C data types
are supported along with pointers to constant arrays, fixed point decimal, and arrays of
bits.
PIC® MCU, MPLAB® IDE, MPLAB® ICD2, MPLAB® ICD3 and dsPIC® are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Inc. in the U.S. and other
countries. REAL ICE™, ICSP™ and In-Circuit Serial Programming™ are trademarks of Microchip Technology Inc. in the U.S. and other countries.
20
Overview
Installation
Insert the CD ROM, select each of the programs you wish to install and follow the onscreen instructions.
If the CD does not auto start run the setup program in the root directory.
For help answering the version questions see the "Directories" Help topic.
Key Questions that may come up:
Keep Settings - Unless you are having trouble select this
Link Compiler Extensions - If you select this the file extensions like .c will start
the compiler IDE when you double click on files with that extension. .hex files start
the CCSLOAD program. This selection can be change in the IDE.
Install MP LAB Plug In - If you plan to use MPLAB and you don't select this you
will need to download and manually install the Plug-In.
Install ICD2, ICD3...drivers-select if you use these microchip ICD units.
Delete Demo Files - Always a good idea
Install WIN8 APP- Allows you to start the IDE from the MDL style (AKA Metro)
Start Menus.
Technical Support
Compiler, software, and driver updates are available to download at:
http://www.ccsinfo.com/download
Compilers come with 30 or 60 days of download rights with the initial purchase. One year
maintenance plans may be purchased for access to updates as released.
The intent of new releases is to provide up-to-date support with greater ease of use and
minimal, if any, transition difficulty.
To ensure any problem that may occur is corrected quickly and diligently. It is
recommended to send an email to: support@ccsinfo.com or use the Technical Support
Wizard in PCW. Include the version of the compiler, an outline of the problem and attach
any files with the email request. CCS strives to answer technical support timely and
thoroughly.
Technical Support is available by phone during business hours for urgent needs or if
email responses are not adequate. Please call 262-522-6500 x32.
21
Overview
Directories
The compiler will search the following directories for Include files.
Directories listed on the command line
Directories specified in the .CCSPJT file (edit in the IDE under
Options>Project>Include)
Directories specified in the ccs.ini file found using Start>All
Programs>PICC>User Data Dir
The same directory as the source.directories in the ccsc.ini file
By default, the compiler files are put in C:\Program Files\PICC and the example
programs are in \PICC\EXAMPLES. The include files are in PICC\drivers. The device
header files are in PICC\devices.
The compiler itself is a DLL file. The DLL files are in a DLL directory by default in
\PICC\DLL\5.xxx.
It is sometimes helpful to maintain multiple compiler versions. For example, a project
was tested with a specific version, but newer projects use a newer version. When
installing the compiler you are prompted for what version to keep on the PC. IDE users
can change versions using Help>about and clicking "other versions." Command Line
users use start>all programs>PIC-C>compiler version.
Two directories are used outside the PICC tree. Both can be reached with start>all
programs>PIC-C.
1.) A project directory as a default location for your projects. By default put in "My
Documents." This is a good place for VISTA and up.
2.) User configuration settings and PCWH loaded files are kept in
%APPDATA%\PICC
File Formats
.c -
This is the source file containing user C source code.
.h -
These are standard or custom header files used to define pins, register, register
bits, functions and preprocessor directives.
.pjt -
This is the older pre- Version 5 project file which contains information related to
the project.
.ccspjt - This is the project file which contains information related to the project.
.lst -
This is the listing file which shows each C source line and the associated
assembly code generated for that line.
22
Overview
The elements in the .LST file may be selected in PCW under
Options>Project>Output Files
CCS Basic
- Standard assembly
with Opcodes - Includes the HEX opcode for each instruction
Old Standard Symbolic
- Shows variable names instead of addresses
Mach code
- Includes the HEX opcode for each instruction
SRF names
- Instead of an address, a name is used. For example, instead of
044, will show CORCON
Symbols
- Shows variable names instead of addresses
Interpret
- Adds a pseudo code interpretation to the right of assembly
instruction to help understand the operation. For example: LSR
W4,#8,W5 : W5=W4>>8
.sym - This is the symbol map which shows each register location and what program
variables are stored in each location.
.sta - The statistics file shows the RAM, ROM, and STACK usage. It provides
information on the source codes structural and textual complexities using
Halstead and McCabe metrics.
.tre -
The tree file shows the call tree. It details each function and what functions it calls
along with the ROM and RAM usage for each function.
.hex - The compiler generates standard HEX files that are compatible with all
programmers. The compiler can output 8-bet hex, 16-bit hex, and binary files.
.cof - This is a binary containing machine code and debugging information. The debug
files may be output as Microchip .COD file for MPLAB 1-5, Advanced Transdata
.MAP file, expanded .COD file for CCS debugging or MPLAB 6 and up .xx .COF
file. All file formats and extensions may be selected via Options File Associations
option in Windows IDE.
.cod - This is the binary file containing debug information.
.rtf -
The output of the Documentation Generator is exported in a Rich Text File format
which can be viewed using the RTF editor or Wordpad.
.rvf - The Rich View Format is used by the RTF Editor within the IDE to view the Rich
Text File.
.dgr - The .DGR file is the output of the flowchart maker.
.esym or .xsym - These files are generated for the IDE users. The file contains
Identifiers and Comment information. This data can be used for automatic
documentation generation and for the IDE helpers.
23
Overview
.o -
Relocatable object file.
.osym - This file is generated when the compiler is set to export a relocatable object file.
This file is a .sym file for just the one unit.
.err -
Compiler error file.
.ccsload - Used to link Windows Apps to CCSLoad
.ccssiow - Used to link WindowsApps to Serial Port Monitor
Invoking the Command Line Compiler
The command line compiler is invoked with the following command:
CCSC
[options]
[cfilename]
Valid options:
+FB
Select PCB (12 bit)
+FM
Select PCM (14 bit)
+FH
Select PCH (PIC18XXX)
+Yx
Optimization level x (0-9)
+FD
Select PCD
(dsPIC30/dsPIC33/PIC24)
+FS
Select SXC (SX)
+ES
Standard error file
+T
Create call tree (.TRE)
+A
Create stats file (.STA)
+EW
Show warning messages
+EA
Show all error messages
and all warnings
-D
+DS
+DM
+DC
+DF
+EO
-T
-A
-EW
-E
+EX
Do not create debug file
Standard .COD format debug file
.MAP format debug file
Expanded .COD format debug file
Enables the output of an COFF debug
file.
Old error file format
Do not generate a tree file
Do not create stats file (.STA)
Suppress warnings (use with +EA)
Only show first error
Error/warning message format uses
GCC's "brief format" (compatible with
GCC editor environments)
The xxx in the following are optional. If included it sets the file extension:
+LNxxx Normal list file
+O8xxx 8-bit Intel HEX output file
+LSxxx MPASM format list file
+OWxxx 16-bit Intel HEX output file
+LOxxx Old MPASM list file
+OBxxx Binary output file
+LYxxx Symbolic list file
-O
Do not create object file
-L
Do not create list file
+P
+Pxx
+PN
+PE
Keep compile status window up after compile
Keep status window up for xx seconds after compile
Keep status window up only if there are no errors
Keep status window up only if there are errors
24
Overview
+Z
+DF
I+="..."
Keep scratch files on disk after compile
COFF Debug file
Same as I="..." Except the path list is appended to the current list
I="..."
Set include directory search path, for example:
I="c:\picc\examples;c:\picc\myincludes"
If no I= appears on the command line the .PJT file will be used to supply the
include file paths.
out="di
r"
-P
+M
-M
+J
-J
+ICD
#xxx="y
yy"
Use this directory for output files
+Gxxx=
"yyy"
+?
-?
Same as #xxx="yyy"
+STDO
UT
+SETU
P
sourceli
ne=
+V
+Q
Outputs errors to STDOUT (for use with third party editors)
Close compile window after compile is complete
Generate a symbol file (.SYM)
Do not create symbol file
Create a project file (.PJT)
Do not create PJT file
Compile for use with an ICD
Set a global #define for id xxx with a value of yyy, example:
#debug="true"
Brings up a help file
Same as +?
Install CCSC into MPLAB (no compile is done)
Allows a source line to be injected at the start of the source file.
Example: CCSC +FM myfile.c sourceline=“#include ”
Show compiler version (no compile is done)
Show all valid devices in database (no compile is done)
A / character may be used in place of a + character. The default options are as follows:
+FM +ES +J +DC +Y9 -T -A +M +LNlst +O8hex -P -Z
If @filename appears on the CCSC command line, command line options will be read
from the specified file. Parameters may appear on multiple lines in the file.
If the file CCSC.INI exists in the same directory as CCSC.EXE, then command line
parameters are read from that file before they are processed on the command line.
25
Overview
Examples:
CCSC +FM C:\PICSTUFF\TEST.C
CCSC +FM +P +T TEST.C
The PCW IDE provides the user an easy to use editor and environment for developing
microcontroller applications. The IDE comprises of many components, which are
summarized below. For more information and details, use the Help>PCW in the
compiler..
Many of these windows can be re-arranged and docked into different positions.
Menu
All of the IDE's functions are on the main menu. The main menu is divided into separate
sections, click on a section title ('Edit', 'Search', etc) to change the section. Double
clicking on the section, or clicking on the chevron on the right, will cause the menu to
minimize and take less space.
Editor Tabs
All of the open files are listed here. The active file, which is the file currently being edited,
is given a different highlight than the other files. Clicking on the X on the right closes the
active file. Right clicking on a tab gives a menu of useful actions for that file.
Slide Out Windows
'Files' shows all the active files in the current project. 'Projects' shows all the recent
projects worked on. 'Identifiers' shows all the variables, definitions, prototypes and
identifiers in your current project.
Editor
The editor is the main work area of the IDE and the place where the user enters and edits
source code. Right clicking in this area gives a menu of useful actions for the code being
edited.
Debugging Windows
Debugger control is done in the debugging windows. These windows allow you set
breakpoints, single step, watch variables and more.
26
Overview
Status Bar
The status bar gives the user helpful information like the cursor position, project open and
file being edited.
Output Messages
Output messages are displayed here. This includes messages from the compiler during
a build, messages from the programmer tool during programming or the results from find
and searching.
27
Program Syntax
PROGRAM SYNTAX
Every C program must contain a main function which is the starting point of the program
execution. The program can be split into multiple functions according to the their purpose
and the functions could be called from main or the sub-functions. In a large project
functions can also be placed in different C files or header files that can be included in the
main C file to group the related functions by their category. CCS C also requires to
include the appropriate device file using #include directive to include the device specific
functionality. There are also some preprocessor directives like #fuses to specify the fuses
for the chip and #use delay to specify the clock speed. The functions contain the data
declarations,definitions,statements and expressions. The compiler also provides a large
number of standard C libraries as well as other device drivers that can be included and
used in the programs. CCS also provides a large number of built-in functions to access
the various peripherals included in the PIC microcontroller.
Comment
Comments – Standard Comments
A comment may appear anywhere within a file except within a quoted string. Characters
between /* and */ are ignored. Characters after a // up to the end of the line are ignored.
Comments for Documentation Generator
The compiler recognizes comments in the source code based on certain markups. The
compiler recognizes these special types of comments that can be later exported for use
in the documentation generator. The documentation generator utility uses a user
selectable template to export these comments and create a formatted output document in
Rich Text File Format. This utility is only available in the IDE version of the compiler. The
source code markups are as follows.
Global Comments
These are named comments that appear at the top of your source code. The comment
names are case sensitive and they must match the case used in the documentation
template.
For example:
//*PURPOSE This program implements a Bootloader.
//*AUTHOR John Doe
A '//' followed by an * will tell the compiler that the keyword which follows it will be the
named comment. The actual comment that follows it will be exported as a paragraph to
the documentation generator.
Multiple line comments can be specified by adding a : after the *, so the compiler will not
concatenate the comments that follow. For example:
/**:CHANGES
05/16/06 Added PWM loop
28
Program Syntax
05/27.06 Fixed Flashing problem
*/
Variable Comments
A variable comment is a comment that appears immediately after a variable declaration.
For example:
int seconds; // Number of seconds since last entry
long day, // Current day of the month, /* Current Month */
long year;
// Year
Function Comments
A function comment is a comment that appears just before a function declaration. For
example:
// The following function initializes outputs
void function_foo()
{
init_outputs();
}
Function Named Comments
The named comments can be used for functions in a similar manner to the Global
Comments. These comments appear before the function, and the names are exported
as-is to the documentation generator.
For example:
//*PURPOSE This function displays data in BCD format
void display_BCD( byte n)
{
display_routine();
}
Trigraph Sequences
The compiler accepts three character sequences instead of some special characters not
available on all keyboards as follows:
Sequence
Same as
??=
#
??(
[
??/
\
??)
]
??'
^
??<
{
29
Program Syntax
??!
??>
??-
|
}
~
Multiple Project Files
When there are multiple files in a project they can all be included using the #include in
the main file or the sub-files to use the automatic linker included in the compiler. All the
header files, standard libraries and driver files can be included using this method to
automatically link them.
For example: if you have main.c, x.c, x.h, y.c,y.h and z.c and z.h files in your project, you
can say in:
main.c:
#include
#include
#include
#include
x.c:
#include
y.c:
#include
z.c:
#include
In this example there are 8 files and one compilation unit. Main.c is the only file
compiled.
Note that the #module directive can be used in any include file to limit the visibility of the
symbol in that file.
To separately compile your files see the section "multiple compilation units".
Multiple Compilation Units
Multiple Compilation Units are only supported in the IDE compilers, PCW, PCWH,
PCHWD and PCDIDE. When using multiple compilation units, care must be given that
pre-processor commands that control the compilation are compatible across all units. It
is recommended that directives such as #FUSES, #USE and the device header file all put
30
Program Syntax
in an include file included by all units. When a unit is compiled it will output a relocatable
object file (*.o) and symbol file (*.osym).
There are several ways to accomplish this with the CCS C Compiler. All of these
methods and example projects are included in the MCU.zip in the examples directory of
the compiler.
Full Example Program
Here is a sample program with explanation using CCS C to read adc samples over
RS232:
#include
// Loads chip specific
definitions
#fuses NOPROTECT
// Turn off code protection
#use delay(clock=20000000)
// Specifies clock speed
#use rs232(baud=9600, xmit=PIN_C6, rcv=PIN_C7) // Creates RS232 libraries
void main() {
unsigned int8 i, value, min, max;
printf("Sampling:");
// Printf from the RS232 library
setup_adc_ports(AN0);
setup_adc(ADC_CLOCK_INTERNAL);
set_adc_channel(0);
// Make AN0 a analog pin
// Start up the ADC
// Set ADC channel to AN0
do {
min=255;
max=0;
for(i=0; i%2x\r\n",get_rtcc());
printf("%2u %X %4X\r\n",x,y,z);
printf(LCD_PUTC, "n=%u",n);
Example Files:
ex_admm.c, ex_lcdkb.c
See Also:
atoi(), puts(), putc(), getc() (for a stream example), RS232 I/O Overview
putc( ) putchar( ) fputc( )
Syntax:
putc (cdata)
putchar (cdata)
fputc(cdata, stream)
Parameters:
cdata is a 8 bit character.
Stream is a stream identifier (a constant byte)
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
This function sends a character over the RS232 XMIT pin. A #USE RS232 must appear
before this call to determine the baud rate and pin used. The #USE RS232 remains in
effect until another is encountered in the file.
278
Built-in Functions
If This function sends a character over the RS232 XMIT pin. A #USE RS232 must appear
before this call to determine the baud rate and pin used. The #USE RS232 remains in
effect until another is encountered in the file.
If fputc() is used then the specified stream is used where putc() defaults to STDOUT
(the last USE RS232). is used then the specified stream is used where putc() defaults to
STDOUT (the last USE RS232).
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE RS232
Examples:
putc('*');
for(i=0; i 1 then I2C peripheral is
initialized and enabled to specified baud rate
Returns:
----Function:
To initialize I2C peripheral at run time to specified baud rate.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE I2C
312
Built-in Functions
Examples:
#USE I2C(MASTER,I2C1, FAST,NOINIT)
i2c_init(TRUE);
I2C peripheral
//initialize and enable
//to baud rate specified
in //#USE I2C
i2c_init(500000);
I2C peripheral
//initialize and enable
//to a baud rate of 500
KBPS
See Also:
i2c_poll( ), i2c_speed( ), i2c_slaveaddr( ), i2c_isr_state(_) ,i2c_write( ),
i2c_read( ), _use_i2c( ), i2c( )
i2c_isr_state( )
Syntax:
state = i2c_isr_state();
state = i2c_isr_state(stream);
Parameters:
----Returns:
state - is an 8 bit int
0 - Address match received with R/W bit clear, perform i2c_read( ) to read the I2C
address.
1-0x7F - Master has written data; i2c_read() will immediately return the data
0x80 - Address match received with R/W bit set; perform i2c_read( ) to read the I2C
address, and use i2c_write( ) to pre-load the transmit buffer for the next transaction (next
I2C read performed by master will read this byte).
0x81-0xFF - Transmission completed and acknowledged; respond with i2c_write() to
pre-load the transmit buffer for the next transition (the next I2C read performed by master
will read this byte).
Function:
Returns the state of I2C communications in I2C slave mode after an SSP interrupt. The
return value increments with each byte received or sent.
313
Built-in Functions
If 0x00 or 0x80 is returned, an i2C_read( ) needs to be performed to read the I2C
address that was sent (it will match the address configured by #USE I2C so this value
can be ignored)
Availability:
Devices with built-in I2C
Requires:
#USE I2C
Examples:
#INT_SSP
void i2c_isr() {
state = i2c_isr_state();
if(state== 0 ) i2c_read();
i@c_read();
if(state == 0x80)
i2c_read(2);
if(state >= 0x80)
i2c_write(send_buffer[state - 0x80]);
else if(state > 0)
rcv_buffer[state - 1] = i2c_read();
}
Example Files:
ex_slave.c
See Also:
i2c_poll, i2c_speed, i2c_start, i2c_stop, i2c_slaveaddr, i2c_write, i2c_read, #USE I2C, I2C
Overview
i2c_poll( )
Syntax:
i2c_poll()
i2c_poll(stream)
Parameters:
stream (optional)- specify the stream defined in #USE I2C
Returns:
1 (TRUE) or 0 (FALSE)
314
Built-in Functions
Function:
The i2c_poll() function should only be used when the built-in SSP is used. This function
returns TRUE if the hardware has a received byte in the buffer. When a TRUE is
returned, a call to i2c_read() will immediately return the byte that was received.
Availability:
Devices with built-in I2C
Requires:
#USE I2C
Examples:
if(i2c-poll())
buffer [index]=i2c-read();//read data
}
See Also:
i2c_speed, i2c_start, i2c_stop, i2c_slaveaddr, i2c_isr_state, i2c_write, i2c_read, #USE
I2C, I2C Overview
i2c_read( )
Syntax:
data = i2c_read();
data = i2c_read(ack);
data = i2c_read(stream, ack);
Parameters:
ack -Optional, defaults to 1
0 indicates do not ack
1 indicates to ack
2 slave only, indicates to not release clock at end of read. Use when i2c_isr_state()
returns 0x80
stream - specify the stream defined in #USE I2C
Returns:
data - 8 bit int
Function:
Reads a byte over the I2C interface. In master mode this function will generate the clock
and in slave mode it will wait for the clock. There is no timeout for the slave, use
315
Built-in Functions
i2c_poll() to prevent a lockup. Use restart_wdt() in the #USE I2C to strobe the watchdog timer in the slave mode while waiting.
Availability:
All devices
Requires:
#USE I2C
Examples:
i2c_start();
i2c_write(0xa1);
data1 = i2c_read(TRUE);
data2 = i2c_read(FALSE);
i2c_stop()
Example Files:
ex_extee.c with 2416.c
See Also:
i2c_poll, i2c_speed, i2c_start, i2c_stop, i2c_slaveaddr, i2c_isr_state, i2c_write, #USE
I2C, I2C Overview
i2c_slaveaddr( )
Syntax:
i2c_slaveaddr(addr);
i2c_slaveaddr(stream, addr)
Parameters:
addr = 8 bit device address
stream(optional) - specifies the stream used in #USE I2C
Returns:
----Function:
This functions sets the address for the I2C interface in slave mode.
Availability:
Devices with built-in I2C
316
Built-in Functions
Requires:
#USE I2C
Examples:
i2c_SlaveAddr(0x08);
i2c_SlaveAddr(i2cStream1, 0x08)
Example Files:
ex_slave.c
See Also:
i2c_poll, i2c_speed, i2c_start, i2c_stop, i2c_isr_state, i2c_write, i2c_read, #USE I2C, I2C
Overview
i2c_speed( )
Syntax:
i2c_speed (baud)
i2c_speed (stream, baud)
Parameters:
baud is the number of bits per second.
stream - specify the stream defined in #USE I2C
Returns:
----Function:
This function changes the I2c bit rate at run time. This only works if the hardware I2C
module is being used.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE I2C
Examples:
i2C_Speed (400000);
putc(13)
Example Files:
ex_tgetc.c
317
Built-in Functions
See Also:
i2c_poll, i2c_start, i2c_stop, i2c_slaveaddr, i2c_isr_state, i2c_write, i2c_read, #USE I2C,
I2C Overview
i2c_start( )
Syntax:
i2c_start()
i2c_start(stream)
i2c_start(stream, restart)
Parameters:
stream - specify the stream defined in #USE I2C
restart:- 2 - new restart is forced instead of start
1 - normal start is performed
0 - (or not specified) – restart is done only if the compiler last encountered a
i2c_start() and no i2c_stop()
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
Issues a start condition when in the I2C master mode. After the start condition the clock is
held low until i2c_write() is called. If another i2c_start() is called in the same function
before an i2c_stop() is called, then a special restart condition is issued.
Note that specific I2C protocol depends on the slave device. The i2c_start() function will
now accept an optional parameter. If 1 the compiler assumes the bus is in the stopped
state. If 2 the compiler treats this i2c_start() as a restart. If no parameter is passed a 2 is
used only if the compiler compiled a i2c_start() last with no i2c_stop() since.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE I2C
Examples:
i2c_start();
i2c_write(0xa0);
i2c_write(address);
i2c_start();
i2c_write(0xa1);
//
//
//
//
Device address
Data to device
Restart
to change data direction
318
Built-in Functions
data=i2c_read(0);
i2c_stop()
// Now read from slave
Example Files:
ex_extee.c with 2416.c
See Also:
i2c_poll, i2c_speed, i2c_stop, i2c_slaveaddr, i2c_isr_state, i2c_write, i2c_read, #USE
I2C, I2C Overview
i2c_stop( )
Syntax:
i2c_stop()
i2c_stop(stream)
Parameters:
stream - (optional) specify the stream defined in #USE I2C
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
Issues a stop condition when in the I2C master mode.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE I2C
Examples:
i2c_start();
i2c_write(0xa0);
i2c_write(5);
i2c_write(12);
i2c_stop();
// Start condition
// Device address
// Device command
// Device data
// Stop condition
Example Files:
ex_extee.c with 2416.c
319
Built-in Functions
See Also:
i2c_poll, i2c_speed, i2c_start, i2c_slaveaddr, i2c_isr_state, i2c_write, i2c_read, #USE
I2C, I2C Overview
i2c_transfer( )
Syntax:
i2c_transfer([stream], address, wData, wCount, [rData], [rCount]);
Parameters:
stream - Optional, the stream defined in #USE I2C to use.
address - The device address to transfer data to and from.
wData - Pointer to data to transfer to device.
wCount - Number of bytes to transfer to device.
rData - Optional, pointer to save transferred data from device to.
Rcount - Optional, number of byte to transfer from device. Must be used if rData is used.
Returns:
0 for ACK and 1 for NACK. When only writing data, it returns whether the Slave device
ACK'd or NACK'd the write command or last byte transmitted; whichever occurred last. If
writing and reading data, if the Slave NACK'd one of the bytes that were transmitted, it
returns a NACK, otherwise it returns whether the Slave ACK'd or NACK'd the read
command.
Function:
Transfer data to and from an I2C device. This function does the I2C start, restart, write,
read and stop operations. If the Slave device NACK's the write command, read
command or one of the write bytes, the function will exit at that point even if it did not
finish writing and/or reading all the data.
Availability:
All devices when #USE I2C is setup for Master Mode.
Requires:
----Examples:
unsigned int8 rAddress=0;
320
Built-in Functions
unsigned int8 rData[16];
int1 ack;
ack = i2c_transfer(0xA0,&rAddress, 1, rData, 16);
if(ack==0)
printf("\r\nData transferred successfully");
else
printf("\r\nData transferred unsuccessfully");
Example File:
ex_i2c_master_hw_k42.c
See Also:
i2c_poll(), i2c_speed(), i2c_stop(), i2c_slaveaddr(), i2c_isr_state(), i2c_write(), i2c_read(),
i2c_transfer_out(), i2c_transfer_in(), #USE_I2C, I2C Overview
i2c_transfer_in( )
Syntax:
i2c_transfer_in([stream], address, rData, rCount);
Parameters:
stream - Optional, the stream defined in #USE I2C to use.
address - The device address to transfer data from.
rData - Optional, pointer to save transferred data from device to.
Rcount - Number of byte to transfer from device.
Returns:
0 for ACK and 1 for NACK from the read command.
Function:
Transfer data to and from an I2C device. This function does the I2C start, restart, write,
read and stop operations. If the Slave NACK'd the read command, the function will exit
without reading any data.
Availability:
All devices when #USE I2C is setup for Master Mode.
321
Built-in Functions
Requires:
----Examples:
unsigned int8 rData[16];
int1 ack;
ack=i2c_transfer_in(0xA0,rData,16);
if(ack==0)
printf("Data read successfully");
else
printf("data not read");
Example File:
ex_i2c_master_hw_k42.c
See Also:
i2c_poll(), i2c_speed(), i2c_stop(), i2c_slaveaddr(), i2c_isr_state(), i2c_write(), i2c_read(),
i2c_transfer_out(), i2c_transfer(), #USE_I2C, I2C Overview
i2c_transfer_out( )
Syntax:
i2c_transfer_out([stream], address, wData, wCount);
Parameters:
stream - Optional, the stream defined in #USE I2C to use.
address - The device address to transfer data to.
wData - Pointer to data to transfer to device.
wcount - Number of bytes to transfer to device.
Returns:
0 for ACK and 1 for NACK of either the write command or last byte transmitted,
whichever occurred last.
Function:
Transfer data to and from an I2C device. This function does the I2C start, restart, write,
read and stop operations. If the Slave device NACK's the write command or one of the
write bytes the function will exit at that point, even if it did not finish writing all the data.
322
Built-in Functions
Availability:
All devices when #USE I2C is setup for Master Mode.
Requires:
----Examples:
unsigned int8wData[16];
int1 ack;
ack = i2c_transfer_out(0xA0,wData, 16);
if(ack==0)
printf("\r\nData transferred successfully");
else
printf("\r\nData transferred unsuccessfully");
Example File:
ex_i2c_master_hw_k42.c
See Also:
i2c_poll(), i2c_speed(), i2c_stop(), i2c_slaveaddr(), i2c_isr_state(), i2c_write(), i2c_read(),
i2c_transfer_in(), i2c_transfer(), #USE_I2C, I2C Overview
i2c_write( )
Syntax:
i2c_write (data)
i2c_write (stream, data)
Parameters:
data is an 8 bit int
stream - specify the stream defined in #USE I2C
Returns:
This function returns the ACK Bit.
0 means ACK, 1 means NO ACK, 2 means there was a collision if in Multi_Master Mode.
This does not return an ACK if using i2c in slave mode.
323
Built-in Functions
Function:
Sends a single byte over the I2C interface. In master mode this function will generate a
clock with the data and in slave mode it will wait for the clock from the master. No
automatic time-out is provided in this function. This function returns the ACK bit. The
LSB of the first write after a start determines the direction of data transfer (0 is master to
slave). Note that specific I2C protocol depends on the slave device.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE I2C
Examples:
long cmd;
...
i2c_start();
i2c_write(0xa0);
i2c_write(cmd);
i2c_write(cmd>>8);
i2c_stop();
//
//
//
//
//
Start condition
Device address
Low byte of command
High byte of command
Stop condition
Example Files:
ex_extee.c with 2416.c
See Also:
i2c_poll, i2c_speed, i2c_start, i2c_stop, i2c_slaveaddr, i2c_isr_state, i2c_read, #USE I2C,
I2C Overview
input( )
Syntax:
value = input (pin)
Parameters:
Pin to read. Pins are defined in the devices .h file. The actual value is a bit address. For
example, port a (byte 5) bit 3 would have a value of 5*8+3 or 43. This is defined as
follows: #define PIN_A3 43.
Pin to read. Pins are defined in the devices .h file. The actual value is a bit
address. For example, port a (byte 0x2C2) bit 3 would have a value of 0x2C2*8+3 or
5651. This is defined as follows: #define PIN_A3 5651.
[PCD]
324
Built-in Functions
The PIN could also be a variable. The variable must have a value equal to one of the
constants (like PIN_A1) to work properly. The tristate register is updated unless the
FAST_IO mode is set on port A. note that doing I/O with a variable instead of a constant
will take much longer time.
Returns:
0 (or FALSE) if the pin is low,
1 (or TRUE) if the pin is high
Function:
This function returns the state of the indicated pin. The method of I/O is dependent on the
last USE *_IO directive. By default with standard I/O before the input is done the data
direction is set to input.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
Pin constants are defined in the devices .h file
Examples:
while ( !input(PIN_B1) );
// waits for B1 to go high
if( input(PIN_A0) )
printf("A0 is now high\r\n");
int16 i=PIN_B1;
while(!i);
//waits for B1 to go high
Example Files:
ex_pulse.c
See Also:
input_x(), output_low(), output_high(), #USE FIXED_IO, #USE FAST_IO, #USE
STANDARD_IO, General Purpose I/O
input_change_x( )
Syntax:
value = input_change_a( );
value = input_change_b( );
value = input_change_c( );
value = input_change_d( );
325
Built-in Functions
value = input_change_e( );
value = input_change_f( );
value = input_change_g( );
value = input_change_h( );
value = input_change_j( );
value = input_change_k( );
value = input_change_l( );
Parameters:
----Returns:
An 8-bit or 16-bit int representing the changes on the port
Function:
This function reads the level of the pins on the port and compares them to the results the
last time the input_change_x( ) function was called. A 1 is returned if the value has
changed, 0 if the value is unchanged.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
----Examples:
pin_check = input_change_b( );
See Also:
input( ), input_x( ), output_x( ), #USE FIXED_IO, #USE FAST_IO, #USE
STANDARD_IO, General Purpose I/O
input_state( )
Syntax:
value = input_state(pin)
Parameters:
pin to read. Pins are defined in the devices .h file. The actual value is a bit address. For
example, port a (byte 5) bit 3 would have a value of 5*8+3 or 43. This is defined as
follows: #define PIN_A3 43.
326
Built-in Functions
pin to read. Pins are defined in the devices .h file. The actual value is a bit address.
For example, port a (byte 0x2C2) bit 3 would have a value of 0x2C2*8+3 or 5651. This is
defined as follows: #define PIN_A3 5651.
[PCD]
Returns:
Bit specifying whether pin is high or low. A 1 indicates the pin is high and a 0 indicates it
is low.
Function:
This function reads the level of a pin without changing the direction of the pin as INPUT()
does.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
----Examples:
level = input_state(pin_A3);
printf("level: %d",level)
See Also:
input(), set_tris_x(), output_low(), output_high(), General Purpose I/O
input_x( )
Syntax:
value = input_a()
value = input_b()
value = input_c()
value = input_d()
value = input_e()
value = input_f()
value = input_g()
value = input_h()
value = input_j()
value = input_k()
value = input_l()
Parameters:
-----
327
Built-in Functions
Returns:
An 8 bit int representing the port input data.
[PCD] An 16 bit int representing the port input data.
Function:
Inputs an entire byte from a port. The direction register is changed in accordance with the
last specified #USE *_IO directive. By default with standard I/O before the input is done
the data direction is set to input.
Inputs an entire word from a port. The direction register is changed in accordance
with the last specified #USE *_IO directive. By default with standard I/O before the input
is done the data direction is set to input.
[PCD]
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
----Examples:
data = input_b();
See Also:
input(), output_x(), #USE FIXED_IO, #USE FAST_IO, #USE STANDARD_IO
interrupt_active( )
Syntax:
interrupt_active (interrupt)
Parameters:
Interrupt – constant specifying the interrupt
Returns:
Boolean value
Function:
The function checks the interrupt flag of the specified interrupt and returns true in case
the flag is set.
Availability:
Devices with Interrupts
328
Built-in Functions
Requires:
Should have a #INT_xxxx, Constants are defined in the devices .h file
Examples:
interrupt_active(INT_TIMER0);
interrupt_active(INT_TIMER1);
See Also:
Interrupts Overview, clear_interrupt, enable_interrupts(), disable_interrupts(), #INT,
disable_interrupts() , #INT
interrupt_enabled()
This function checks the interrupt enabled flag for the specified interrupt and returns
TRUE if set.
Syntax:
interrupt_enabled(interrupt);
Parameters:
interrupt- constant specifying the interrupt
Returns:
Boolean value
Function:
The function checks the interrupt enable flag of the specified interrupt and returns TRUE
when set.
Availability:
Devices with Interrupts
Requires:
Interrupt Constants are defined in the devices .h file
Examples:
if(interrupt_enabled(INT_RDA))
disable_interrupt(INT_RDA);
See Also:
Interrupts Overview, clear_interrupt, interrupt_active(), disable_interrupts(), #INT, #INT
329
Built-in Functions
isalnum(char) isalpha(char) iscntrl(x) isdigit(char)
isgraph(x) islower(char) isspace(char) isupper(char)
isxdigit(char) isprint(x) ispunct(x)
Syntax:
value = isalnum(datac)
value = isalpha(datac)
value = isdigit(datac)
value = islower(datac)
value = isspace(datac)
value = isupper(datac)
value = isxdigit(datac)
value = iscntrl(datac)
value = isgraph(datac)
value = isprint(datac)
value = punct(datac)
Parameters:
datac - is a 8 bit character
Returns:
0 (or FALSE) if datac dose not match the criteria, 1 (or TRUE) if datac does match the
criteria.
Function:
Tests a character to see if it meets specific criteria as follows:
isalnum(x)
X is 0..9, 'A'..'Z', or 'a'..'z'
isalpha(x)
X is 'A'..'Z' or 'a'..'z
isdigit(x)
X is '0'..'9'
islower(x)
X is 'a'..'z'
isupper(x)
X is 'A'..'Z
isspace(x)
X is a space
isxdigit(x)
X is '0'..'9', 'A'..'F', or 'a'..'f
iscntrl(x)
X is less than a space
isgraph(x)
X is greater than a space
isprint(x)
X is greater than or equal to a space
ispunct(x)
X is greater than a space and not a letter or
number
Availability:
All Devices
330
Built-in Functions
Requires:
#INCLUDE
Examples:
char id[20];
...
if(isalpha(id[0])) {
valid_id=TRUE;
for(i=1;i 10)
c = getc();
}
403
Built-in Functions
See Also:
_USE_RS232( ), rcv_buffer_full( ), tx_buffer_full( ), tx_buffer_bytes( ), getc( ), putc )
,printf( ), setup_uart( ), putc_send( )
rcv_buffer_full( )
Syntax:
value = rcv_buffer_full([stream]);
Parameters:
stream – optional parameter specifying the stream defined in #USE RS232
Returns:
TRUE if receive buffer is full, FALSE otherwise
Function:
Function to test if the receive buffer is full
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE RS232
Examples:
#USE_RS232(UART1,BAUD=9600,RECEIVE_BUFFER=100)
void main(void) {
char c;
if(rcv_buffer_full())
c = getc();
}
See Also:
_USE_RS232( ), rcv_buffer_full( ), tx_buffer_bytes( ), tx_buffer_bytes( ), getc( ), putc )
,printf( ), setup_uart( ), putc_send( )
read_adc( )
[PCD]
read_adc2( )
Syntax:
value = read_adc ([mode])
[PCD] value = read_adc2 ([mode])
[PCD] value=read_adc(mode,[channel])
404
Built-in Functions
Parameters:
mode - is an optional parameter. If used the values may be:
adc_start_and_read (continually takes readings, this is the default)
adc_start_only (starts the conversion and returns)
adc_read_only (reads last conversion result)
channel - is an optional parameter for specifying the channel to start the conversion
on and/or read the result from. If not specified will use channel specified in last call to
set_adc_channel(), read_adc(), or adc_done().
[PCD]
Returns:
Either a 8 or 16 bit int depending on #DEVICE ADC= directive.
Function:
This function will read the digital value from the analog to digital converter. Calls to
setup_adc(), setup_adc_ports() and set_adc_channel() should be made sometime
before this function is called. The range of the return value depends on number of bits in
the chips A/D converter and the setting in the #DEVICE ADC= directive as follows:
#DEVICE
8 bit
10 bit
11 bit
12 bit
16 bit
ADC=8
00-FF
00-FF
00-FF
00-FF
00-FF
ADC=10
x
0-3FF
x
0-3FF
x
ADC=11
x
x
0-7FF
x
x
[PCD] ADC=12
[PCD] 0-FFC
[PCD] 0-FFF
ADC=16
0FF00
0-FFC0
0-FFEO
0-FFF0
0-FFFF
Availability:
This function is only available on devices with A/D hardware.
[PCD] Only available on devices with built in analog to digital converters.
Requires:
Pin constants are defined in the devices .h file
Examples:
setup_adc( ADC_CLOCK_INTERNAL );
setup_adc_ports( ALL_ANALOG );
set_adc_channel(1);
while ( input(PIN_B0) ) {
delay_ms( 5000 );
value = read_adc();
printf("A/D value = %2x\n\r", value);
}
405
Built-in Functions
read_adc(ADC_START_ONLY);
sleep();
value=read_adc(ADC_READ_ONLY);
[PCD]
int16 value;
setup_adc_ports(sAN0|sAN1, VSS_VDD);
setup_adc(ADC_CLOCK_DIV_4|ADC_TAD_MUL_8);
while (TRUE)
{
set_adc_channel(0);
value = read_adc();
printf(“Pin AN0 A/C value = %LX\n\r”, value);
delay_ms(5000);
set_adc_channel(1);
read_adc(ADC_START_ONLY);
...
value = read_adc(ADC_READ_ONLY);
printf("Pin AN1 A/D value = %LX\n\r", value);
}
Example Files:
ex_admm.c, ex_14kad.c
See Also:
setup_adc(), set_adc_channel(), setup_adc_ports(), #DEVICE, ADC Overview
read_bank( )
Syntax:
value = read_bank (bank, offset)
Parameters:
bank - is the physical RAM bank 1-3 (depending on the device)
offset - is the offset into user RAM for that bank (starts at 0)
Returns:
8 bit int
406
Built-in Functions
Function:
Read a data byte from the user RAM area of the specified memory bank. This function
may be used on some devices where full RAM access by auto variables is not
efficient. For example, setting the pointer size to 5 bits on the PIC16C57 chip will
generate the most efficient ROM code. However, auto variables can not be above 1Fh.
Instead of going to 8 bit pointers, you can save ROM by using this function to read from
the hard-to-reach banks. In this case, the bank may be 1-3 and the offset may be 0-15.
Availability:
All devices but only useful on PCB parts with memory over 1Fh and PCM parts with
memory over FFh
Requires:
----Examples:
// See write_bank() example to see
// how we got the data
// Moves data from buffer to LCD
i=0;
do {
c=read_bank(1,i++);
if(c!=0x13)
lcd_putc(c);
} while (c!=0x13);
Example Files:
ex_psp.c
See Also:
write_bank()
read_calibration( )
Syntax:
value = read_calibration (n)
Parameters:
n is an offset into calibration memory beginning at 0
Returns:
8 bit byte
407
Built-in Functions
Function:
The read_calibration function reads location "n" of the 14000-calibration memory
Availability:
This function is only available on the PIC14000
Requires:
----Examples:
fin = read_calibration(16);
Example Files:
ex_14kad.c with 14kcal.c
read_calibration_memory( )
Syntax:
value = read_calibration_memory (cal_word)
Parameters:
cal_word - calibration word to read from calibration memory (1-16).
Returns:
unsigned int16 value read from calibration memory.
Function:
Allows for reading one of the calibration words from the calibration memory.
Availability:
This function is only available on MCP191xx devices.
Requires:
----Examples:
CALWD1=read_calibration_memory(1);
See Also:
Program EEPROM Overview
408
Built-in Functions
read_config_info( )
Syntax:
read_config_info([offset], ramPtr, count)
Parameters:
ramPTR - is the destination pointer for the read results.
count - is the number of bytes to read.
Offset - is an optional parameter specifying the offset into the DCI memory to start
reading from, offset default to zero if not used.
Returns:
----Function:
Read count bytes from Device Configuration Area (DCI) memory and saves the values
to ramPtr. The DCI region of memory contains read-only data about the device's
configuration.
Availability:
Devices with a DCI memory region.
Requires:
----Examples:
unsigned int16 EraseSize;
read_device_info(&EraseSize, 2);
memory
//reads Erase Row Size from DCI
See Also:
read_configuration_memory(), read_device_info(), Configuration Memory Overview
read_configuration_memory( )
Syntax:
read_configuration_memory([offset], ramPtr, n)
Parameters:
ramPtr - is the destination pointer for the read results
409
Built-in Functions
count - is an 8 bit integer
offset - is an optional parameter specifying the offset into configuration memory to start
reading from, offset defaults to zero if not used.
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
Reads n bytes of configuration memory and saves the values to ramPtr.
For Enhanced16 devices function reads User ID, Device ID and configuration memory
regions.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
----Examples:
int data[6];
read_configuration_memory(data,6)
See Also:
write_configuration_memory(), read_program_memory(), Configuration Memory
Overview, Configuration Memory Overview
read_device_info( )
Syntax:
read_device_info([offset], ramPtr, count)
Parameters:
ramPTR - is the destination pointer for the read results.
count - is the number of bytes to read.
Offset - is an optional parameter specifying the offset into the DIA memory to start
reading from, offset default to zero if not used.
Returns:
-----
410
Built-in Functions
Function:
Read count bytes from Device Information Area (DIA) memory and saves the values to
ramPtr. The DIA region of memory contains read-only data used to identify the device.
Availability:
Devices with a DIA memory region.
Requires:
----Examples:
unsigned int16 identifier[9];
read_device_info(identifier, 18);
DIA memory.
//reads Unique Identifier from
See Also:
read_configuration_memory(), read_config_info(), Configuration Memory Overview
read_dmt( )
Syntax:
Value = read_dmt(which);
Parameters:
which - an 8-bit constant indicating which DMT registers to read. The following defines
are made in the device's header for selecting the register to read:
DMT_READ_COUNT
// the current count
DMT_READ_MAX_VALUE
// the value the count needs to reach for a DMT
event to occur
DMT_READ_WINDOW_VALUE // the value the count needs to reach before it can
be cleared
Returns:
An int32 value indicating the value that was read from the specified DMT registers.
Function:
Used to read the DMTCNT, DMTPSCNT and DMTPSINTV registers of the Deadman
Timer (DMT) peripheral.
Availability:
-----
411
Built-in Functions
Requires:
----Examples:
Value = read_dmt(DMT_READ_COUNT);
See Also:
clear_dmt(), disable_dmt(), enable_dmt(), dmt_status(), setup_dmt()
read_eeprom( )
Syntax:
value = read_eeprom (address)
[PCD]
value = read_eeprom (address , [N])
read_eeprom(address,variable)
read_eeprom(address, pointer, N)
Parameters:
address - is an 8 bit or 16 bit int depending on the part
[PCD]
N - specifies the number of EEPROM bytes to read
[PCD]
variable - a specified location to store EEPROM read results
[PCD]
pointer - is a pointer to location to store EEPROM read results
Returns:
An 8 bit int
[PCD] A 16 bit int
Function:
Reads a byte from the specified data EEPROM address. The address begins at 0 and
the range depends on the part.
[PCD] By default the function reads a word from EEPROM at the specified address. The
number of bytes to read can optionally be defined by argument N. If a variable is used as
an argument, then EEPROM is read and the results are placed in the variable until the
variable data size is full. Finally, if a pointer is used as an argument, then n bytes of
EEPROM at the given address are read to the pointer.
Availability:
This command is only for parts with built-in EEPROMs
412
Built-in Functions
Requires:
----Examples:
#define LAST_VOLUME 10
volume = read_EEPROM (LAST_VOLUME);
See Also:
write_eeprom(), erase_eeprom(), Data Eeprom Overview
read_extended_ram( )
Syntax:
read_extended_ram(page,address,data,count);
Parameters:
page – the page in extended RAM to read from
address – the address on the selected page to start reading from
data – pointer to the variable to return the data to
count – the number of bytes to read (0-32768)
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
To read data from the extended RAM of the device.
Availability:
On devices with more then 30K of RAM
Requires:
----Examples:
unsigned int8 data[8];
read_extended_ram(1,0x0000,data,8);
See Also:
Extended RAM Overview
413
Built-in Functions
read_program_memory( )
Syntax:
READ_PROGRAM_MEMORY (address, dataptr, count );
Parameters:
address is 32 bits. The least significant bit should always be 0 in PCM.
dataptr is a pointer to one or more bytes.
count is a 8 bit integer on PIC16
count is a 16 bit integer for PIC18 and dsPIC/PIC24
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
Reads count bytes from program memory at address to RAM at dataptr.
Availability:
On devices with the ability to Read program memory.
Requires:
----Examples:
char buffer[64];
read_program_memory(0x40000, buffer, 64);
See Also:
write program memory( ), External memory overview , Program Eeprom Overview
read_high_speed_adc( )
Syntax:
read_high_speed_adc(pair,mode,result);
read_high_speed_adc(pair,result);
read_high_speed_adc(pair);
read_high_speed_adc(mode,result);
read_high_speed_adc(result);
read_high_speed_adc();
// Individual start and read or read only
// Individual start and read
// Individual start only
// Global start and read or read only
// Global start and read
// Global start only
414
Built-in Functions
Parameters:
pair – Optional parameter that determines which ADC pair number to start and/or read.
Valid values are 0 to total number of ADC pairs. 0 starts and/or reads ADC pair AN0
and AN1, 1 starts and/or reads ADC pair AN2 and AN3, etc. If omitted then a global start
and/or read will be performed.
mode – Optional parameter, if used the values may be:
adc_start_and_read (starts conversion and reads result)
adc_start_only (starts conversion and returns)
adc_read_only (reads conversion result)
result – Pointer to return ADC conversion too. Parameter is optional, if not used the
read_fast_adc() function can only perform a start.
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
This function is used to start an analog to digital conversion and/or read the digital value
when the conversion is complete. Calls to setup_high_speed_adc() and
setup_high_speed_adc_pairs() should be made sometime before this function is called.
When using this function to perform an individual start and read or individual start only,
the function assumes that the pair's trigger source was set to
individual_software_trigger.
When using this function to perform a global start and read, global start only, or global
read only. The function will perform the following steps:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Determine which ADC pairs are set for global_software_trigger
Clear the corresponding ready flags (if doing a start).
Set the global software trigger (if doing a start).
Read the corresponding ADC pairs in order from lowest to highest (if doing a read).
Clear the corresponding ready flags (if doing a read).
When using this function to perform a individual read only. The function can read the
ADC result from any trigger source.
Availability:
Only on dsPIC33FJxxGSxxx devices
Requires:
Constants are define in the device .h file
415
Built-in Functions
Examples:
//Individual
start and read
int16 result[2];
setup_high_speed_adc(ADC_CLOCK_DIV_4);
setup_high_speed_adc_pair(0, INDIVIDUAL_SOFTWARE_TRIGGER);
read_high_speed_adc(0, result);
//starts
conversion for AN0
//and AN1 and
stores result
//in result[0]
and result[1]
//Global start
and read
int16 result[4];
setup_high_speed_adc(ADC_CLOCK_DIV_4);
setup_high_speed_adc_pair(0, GLOBAL_SOFTWARE_TRIGGER);
setup_high_speed_adc_pair(4, GLOBAL_SOFTWARE_TRIGGER);
read_high_speed_adc(result);
//starts
conversion for AN0, AN1,
//AN8 and AN9 and
stores result in
//result[0],
result //[1], result[2]
//and result[3]
See Also:
setup_high_speed_adc(), setup_high_speed_adc_pair(), high_speed_adc_done()
read_program_memory( )
Syntax:
value = read_program_eeprom (address)
Parameters:
address - is 16 bits on PCM parts and 32 bits on PCH parts
Returns:
16 bits
Function:
Reads data from the program memory
416
Built-in Functions
Availability:
Only devices that allow reads from program memory
Requires:
----Examples:
checksum = 0;
for(i=0;i 3
// cell_1->4, 2->1, 3->2 and 4-
See Also:
rotate_left(), shift_left(), shift_right()
rtc_alarm_read( )
Syntax:
rtc_alarm_read(&datetime);
Parameters:
datetime- A structure that will contain the values to be written to the alarm in the RTCC
module.
Structure used in read and write functions are defined in the device header file as
rtc_time_t
Returns:
Void
426
Built-in Functions
Function:
Reads the date and time from the alarm in the RTCC module to structure datetime.
Availability:
Devices that an RTCC module
Requires:
----Examples:
rtc_alarm_read(&datetime);
See Also:
rtc_read(), rtc_alarm_read(), rtc_alarm_write(), setup_rtc_alarm(), rtc_write(), setup_rtc()
rtc_alarm_write( )
Syntax:
rtc_alarm_write(&datetime);
Parameters:
datetime- A structure that will contain the values to be written to the alarm in the RTCC
module.
Structure used in read and write functions are defined in the device header file as
rtc_time_t
Returns:
Void
Function:
Write the date and time from the alarm in the RTCC module to structure datetime.
Availability:
Devices that an RTCC module
Requires:
----Examples:
427
Built-in Functions
rtc_alarm_write(&datetime);
See Also:
rtc_read(), rtc_alarm_read(), rtc_alarm_write(), setup_rtc_alarm(), rtc_write(), setup_rtc()
rtc_read( )
Syntax:
rtc_read(&datetime);
Parameters:
datetime- A structure that will contain the values returned by the RTCC module.
Structure used in read and write functions are defined in the device header file as
rtc_time_t
Returns:
Void
Function:
Reads the current value of Time and Date from the RTCC module and stores the
structure date time.
Availability:
Devices that have a Real-Time Clock and Calendar (RTCC) module.
Requires:
----Examples:
rtc_read(&datetime);
Example Files:
ex_rtcc.c
See Also:
rtc_read(), rtc_alarm_read(), rtc_alarm_write(), setup_rtc_alarm(), rtc_write(), setup_rtc()
428
Built-in Functions
[PCD]
rtc_status( )
Syntax:
Status = rtc_status();
Parameters:
----Returns:
An int8 value indicating the status of the RTCC module. See the device's header file for
constants that can be and'ed with return value to determine that state of the individual
status bits.
Function:
Used to determine the status of the RTCC module.
Availability:
Devices that have a Real-Time Clock and Calendar (RTCC) with Timestamp module.
Requires:
----Examples:
rtc_time_t TimeStamp;
rtc_tsa_read(&TimeStamp);
rtc_tsb_read(&TimeStamp);
//read Timestamp A registers
//read Timestamp B registers
See Also:
setup_rtc(), setup_rtc_alarm(), rtc_read(), rtc_write(), rtc_alarm_read(), rtc_alarm_write(
), rtc_tsx_read()
[PCD]
rtc_tsx_read()
Syntax:
rtc_tsa_read(×tamp);
rtc_tsb_read(×tamp);
Parameters:
timestamp - a structure of rtc_time_t to return the timestamp value.
Returns:
----429
Built-in Functions
Function:
Used to read the Timestamp A and Timestamp B registers and converts them to be
compatible with the rtc_time_t structure.
Availability:
Devices that have a Real-Time Clock and Calendar (RTCC) with Timestamp module.
Requires:
-----Examples:
rtc_time_t TimeStamp;
rtc_tsa_read(&TimeStamp);
rtc_tsb_read(&TimeStamp);
//read Timestamp A registers
//read Timestamp B registers
See Also:
setup_rtc(), setup_rtc_alarm(), rtc_read(), rtc_write(), rtc_alarm_read(), rtc_alarm_write(
), rtc_status()
rtc_write( )
Syntax:
rtc_write(&datetime);
Parameters:
datetime- A structure that will contain the values to be written to the RTCC module.
Structure used in read and write functions are defined in the device header file as
rtc_time_t
Returns:
Void
Function:
Writes the date and time to the RTCC module as specified in the structure date time.
Availability:
Devices that an RTCC module
Requires:
----430
Built-in Functions
Examples:
rtc_write(&datetime);
Example Files:
ex_rtcc.c
See Also:
rtc_read() , rtc_alarm_read() , rtc_alarm_write() , setup_rtc_alarm() , rtc_write(),
setup_rtc()
rtos_await( )
The RTOS is only included in the PCW, PCWH and PCWHD software packages.
Syntax:
rtos_await (expre)
Parameters:
expre is a logical expression
Returns:
----Function:
This function can only be used in an RTOS task. This function waits for expre to be true
before continuing execution of the rest of the code of the RTOS task. This function allows
other tasks to execute while the task waits for expre to be true.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE RTOS
Examples:
rtos_await(kbhit());
See Also:
431
Built-in Functions
rtos_disable( )
The RTOS is only included in the PCW, PCWH and PCWHD software packages.
Syntax:
rtos_disable (task)
Parameters:
task - is the identifier of a function that is being used as an RTOS task
Returns:
----Function:
This function disables a task which causes the task to not execute until enabled by
rtos_enable(). All tasks are enabled by default.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE RTOS
Examples:
rtos_disable(toggle_green);
See Also:
rtos enable()
rtos_enable( )
The RTOS is only included in the PCW, PCWH and PCWHD software packages.
Syntax:
rtos_enable (task)
Parameters:
task - is the identifier of a function that is being used as an RTOS task
Returns:
-----
432
Built-in Functions
Function:
This function enables a task to execute at it's specified rate.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE RTOS
Examples:
rtos_enable(toggle_green);
See Also:
rtos disable()
rtos_msg_poll( )
The RTOS is only included in the PCW, PCWH and PCWHD software packages.
Syntax:
i = rtos_msg_poll()
Parameters:
----Returns:
An integer that specifies how many messages are in the queue
Function:
This function can only be used inside an RTOS task. This function returns the number of
messages that are in the queue for the task that the rtos_msg_poll() function is used in.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE RTOS
Examples:
if(rtos_msg_poll())
433
Built-in Functions
See Also:
rtos msg send(), rtos msg read()
rtos_msg_read( )
The RTOS is only included in the PCW, PCWH and PCWHD software packages.
Syntax:
b = rtos_msg_read()
Parameters:
----Returns:
A byte that is a message for the task
Function:
This function can only be used inside an RTOS task. This function reads in the next
(message) of the queue for the task that the rtos_msg_read() function is used in.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE RTOS
Examples:
if(rtos_msg_poll()) {
b = rtos_msg_read();
See Also:
rtos msg poll(), rtos msg send()
rtos_msg_send( )
The RTOS is only included in the PCW, PCWH and PCWHD software packages.
Syntax:
rtos_msg_send(task, byte)
434
Built-in Functions
Parameters:
task - is the identifier of a function that is being used as an RTOS task
byte - is the byte to send to task as a message
Returns:
----Function:
This function can be used anytime after rtos_run() has been called.
This function sends a byte long message (byte) to the task identified by task.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE RTOS
Examples:
if(kbhit())
{
rtos_msg_send(echo, getc());
}
See Also:
rtos_msg_poll(), rtos_msg_read()
rtos_overrun( )
The RTOS is only included in the PCW, PCWH and PCWHD software packages.
Syntax:
rtos_overrun([task])
Parameters:
task - is an optional parameter that is the identifier of a function that is being used as an
RTOS task
Returns:
A 0 (FALSE) or 1 (TRUE)
435
Built-in Functions
Function:
This function returns TRUE if the specified task took more time to execute than it was
allocated. If no task was specified, then it returns TRUE if any task ran over it's alloted
execution time.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE RTOS
Examples:
rtos_overrun();
rtos_run( )
The RTOS is only included in the PCW, PCWH and PCWHD software packages.
Syntax:
rtos_run( )
Parameters:
----Returns:
----Function:
This function begins the execution of all enabled RTOS tasks. This function controls the
execution of the RTOS tasks at the allocated rate for each task. This function will return
only when rtos_terminate() is called.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE RTOS
Examples:
rtos_run();
436
Built-in Functions
See Also:
rtos terminate()
rtos_signal( )
The RTOS is only included in the PCW, PCWH and PCWHD software packages.
Syntax:
rtos_signal (sem)
Parameters:
sem is a global variable that represents the current availability of a shared system
resource (a semaphore)
Returns:
----Function:
This function can only be used by an RTOS task. This function increments sem to let
waiting tasks know that a shared resource is available for use.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE RTOS
Examples:
rtos_signal(uart_use);
See Also:
rtos wait()
rtos_stats( )
The RTOS is only included in the PCW, PCWH and PCWHD software packages.
Syntax:
rtos_stats(task,&stat)
437
Built-in Functions
Parameters:
task - is the identifier of a function that is being used as an RTOS task.
stat - is a structure containing the following:
struct rtos_stas_struct {
unsigned int32 task_total_ticks;
//number of ticks the
task has used
unsigned int16 task_min_ticks;
//the minimum number
of ticks used
unsigned int16 task_max_ticks;
//the maximum number
of ticks used
unsigned int16 hns_per_tick;
//us =
(ticks*hns_per_tick)/10
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
This function returns the statistic data for a specified task.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE RTOS(statistics)
Examples:
rtos_stats(echo, &stats);
See Also:
rtos_terminate( )
The RTOS is only included in the PCW, PCWH and PCWHD software packages.
Syntax:
rtos_terminate()
Parameters:
-----
438
Built-in Functions
Returns:
----Function:
This function ends the execution of all RTOS tasks. The execution of the program will
continue with the first line of code after the rtos_run() call in the program. (This function
causes rtos_run() to return.)
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE RTOS
Examples:
rtos_terminate()
See Also:
rtos run()
rtos_wait( )
The RTOS is only included in the PCW, PCWH and PCWHD software packages.
Syntax:
rtos_wait (sem)
Parameters:
sem is a global variable that represents the current availability of a shared system
resource (a semaphore)
Returns:
----Function:
This function can only be used by an RTOS task. This function waits for sem to be
greater than 0 (shared resource is available), then decrements sem to claim usage of the
shared resource and continues the execution of the rest of the code the RTOS task. This
function allows other tasks to execute while the task waits for the shared resource to be
available.
439
Built-in Functions
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE RTOS
Examples:
rtos_wait(uart_use)
See Also:
rtos signal()
rtos_yield( )
The RTOS is only included in the PCW, PCWH and PCWHD software packages.
Syntax:
rtos_yield()
Parameters:
---Returns:
----Function:
This function can only be used in an RTOS task. This function stops the execution of the
current task and returns control of the processor to rtos_run(). When the next task
executes, it will start its execution on the line of code after the rtos_yield().
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE RTOS
Examples:
void yield(void)
{
printf(“Yielding...\r\n”);
rtos_yield();
440
Built-in Functions
printf(“Executing code after yield\r\n”);
}
set_adc_channel( ) set_adc2_channel( )
Syntax:
set_adc_channel (chan [,neg]))
[PCD] set_adc_channel(chan, [differential])
[PCD] set_adc2_channel(chan)
//dsPIC33EPxxGSxxx only
Parameters:
chan is the channel number to select. Channel numbers start at 0 and are labeled in the
data sheet AN0, AN1. For devices with a differential ADC it sets the positive channel to
use.
neg is optional and is used for devices with a differential ADC only. It sets the negative
channel to use, channel numbers can be 0 to 6 or VSS. If no parameter is used the
negative channel will be set to VSS by default.
Returns:
Undefined
[PCD] differential is an optional parameter to specify if channel is differential or singleended. TRUE is differential and FALSE is single-ended. Only available for
dsPIC3EPxxGSxxx family.
Function:
Specifies the channel to use for the next read_adc() call. Be aware that you must wait a
short time after changing the channel before you can get a valid read. The time varies
depending on the impedance of the input source. In general 10us is good for most
applications. You need not change the channel before every read if the channel does not
change.
Availability:
This function is only available on devices with A/D hardware.
[PCD] Only available on devices with built in analog to digital converters
Requires:
----Examples:
set_adc_channel(2);
delay_us(10);
value = read_adc();
441
Built-in Functions
Example Files:
ex_admm.c
See Also:
read_adc(), setup_adc(), setup_adc_ports(), ADC Overview
set_adc_trigger( )
Syntax:
set_adc_trigger (trigger)
Parameters:
trigger - ADC trigger source. Constants defined in device's header, see the device's .h
file for all options. Some typical options include:
ADC_TRIGGER_DISABLED
ADC_TRIGGER_ADACT_PIN
ADC_TRIGGER_TIMER1
ADC_TRIGGER_CCP1
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
Sets the Auto-Conversion trigger source for the Analog-to-Digital Converter with
Computation (ADC2) Module.
Availability:
All devices with an ADC2 Module
Requires:
Constants defined in the device's .h file
Examples:
set__adc_trigger(ADC_TRIGGER_TIMER1);
See Also:
ADC Overview, setup_adc(), setup_adc_ports(), set_adc_channel(), read_adc(),
#DEVICE, adc_read(), adc_write(), adc_status()
442
Built-in Functions
set_analog_pins( )
Syntax:
set_analog_pins(pin, pin, pin, ...)
Parameters:
pin - pin to set as an analog pin. Pins are defined in the device's .h file. The actual
value is a bit address. For example, bit 3 of port A at address 5, would have a value of
5*8+3 or 43. This is defined as follows: #define PIN_A3 43
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
To set which pins are analog and digital. Usage of function depends on method device
has for setting pins to analog or digital. For devices with ANSELx, x being the port letter,
registers the function is used as described above. For all other devices the function
works the same as setup_adc_ports() function.
Availability:
On all devices with an Analog to Digital Converter
Requires:
----Examples:
set_analog_pins(PIN_A0,PIN_A1,PIN_E1,PIN_B0,PIN_B5);
See Also:
setup_adc_reference(), set_adc_channel(), read_adc(), setup_adc(), setup_adc_ports(),
ADC Overview
scanf( ) fscanf( )
Syntax:
scanf(cstring);
scanf(cstring, values...)
fscanf(stream, cstring, values...
Parameters:
cstring is a constant string.
values is a list of variables separated by commas.
443
Built-in Functions
stream is a stream identifier
Returns:
0 if a failure occurred, otherwise it returns the number of conversion specifiers that were
read in, plus the number of constant strings read in.
Function:
Reads in a string of characters from the standard RS-232 pins and formats the string
according to the format specifiers. The format specifier character (%) used within the
string indicates that a conversion specification is to be done and the value is to be saved
into the corresponding argument variable. A %% will input a single %. Formatting rules
for the format specifier as follows:
If fscanf() is used, then the specified stream is used, where scanf() defaults to STDIN (the
last USE RS232).
Format:
The format takes the generic form %nt. n is an option and may be 1-99 specifying the
field width, the number of characters to be inputted. t is the type and maybe one of the
following:
c
Matches a sequence of characters of the number specified by the field
width (1 if no field width is specified). The corresponding argument shall
be a pointer to the initial character of an array long enough to accept the
sequence.
s
Matches a sequence of non-white space characters. The corresponding
argument shall be a pointer to the initial character of an array long
enough to accept the sequence and a terminating null character, which
will be added automatically.
u
Matches an unsigned decimal integer. The corresponding argument shall
be a pointer to an unsigned integer.
Lu
Matches a long unsigned decimal integer. The corresponding argument
shall be a pointer to a long unsigned integer.
d
Matches a signed decimal integer. The corresponding argument shall be
a pointer to a signed integer.
Ld
Matches a long signed decimal integer. The corresponding argument
shall be a pointer to a long signed integer.
o
Matches a signed or unsigned octal integer. The corresponding
argument shall be a pointer to a signed or unsigned integer.
444
Built-in Functions
Lo
Matches a long signed or unsigned octal integer. The corresponding
argument shall be a pointer to a long signed or unsigned integer.
x or X
Matches a hexadecimal integer. The corresponding argument shall be a
pointer to a signed or unsigned integer.
Lx or LX Matches a long hexadecimal integer. The corresponding argument shall
be a pointer to a long signed or unsigned integer.
i
Matches a signed or unsigned integer. The corresponding argument shall
be a pointer to a signed or unsigned integer.
Li
Matches a long signed or unsigned integer. The corresponding argument
shall be a pointer to a long signed or unsigned integer.
f,g or e
Matches a floating point number in decimal or exponential format. The
corresponding argument shall be a pointer to a float.
[
Matches a non-empty sequence of characters from a set of expected
characters. The sequence of characters included in the set are made up
of all character following the left bracket ([) up to the matching right
bracket (]). Unless the first character after the left bracket is a ^, in which
case the set of characters contain all characters that do not appear
between the brackets. If a - character is in the set and is not the first or
second, where the first is a ^, nor the last character, then the set
includes all characters from the character before the - to the character
after the -.
For example, %[a-z] would include all characters from a to z in the set
and %[^a-z] would exclude all characters from a to z from the set. The
corresponding argument shall be a pointer to the initial character of an
array long enough to accept the sequence and a terminating null
character, which will be added automatically.
n
Assigns the number of characters read thus far by the call to scanf() to
the corresponding argument. The corresponding argument shall be a
pointer to an unsigned integer.
An optional assignment-suppressing character (*) can be used after the
format specifier to indicate that the conversion specification is to be
done, but not saved into a corresponding variable. In this case, no
corresponding argument variable should be passed to the scanf()
function.
445
Built-in Functions
A string composed of ordinary non-white space characters is executed by
reading the next character of the string. If one of the inputted characters
differs from the string, the function fails and exits. If a white-space
character precedes the ordinary non-white space characters, then whitespace characters are first read in until a non-white space character is
read.
White-space characters are skipped, except for the conversion specifiers
[, c or n, unless a white-space character precedes the [ or c specifiers.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE RS232
Examples:
char name[2-];
unsigned int8 number;
signed int32 time;
if(scanf("%u%s%ld",&number,name,&time))
printf"\r\nName: %s, Number: %u, Time: %ld",name,number,time
See Also:
RS232 I/O Overview, getc(), putc(), printf()
[PCD]
sent_getd( )
Syntax:
data = sent_getd(module);
Parameters:
module - the SENT peripheral to setup, 1 or 2 for most devices.
Returns:
The data read by the SENT peripheral when it is setup as a receiver. The data type
SENT_DATA_TYPE is defined in the device's header file for organizing the nibble data.
Function:
Gets data from the Single-Edge Nibble Transmission (SENT) peripheral's data registers.
Availability:
Devices with a SENT peripheral.
446
Built-in Functions
Requires:
----Examples:
SENT_DATA_TYPE Data;
Data = sent_getd(1);
Example Files:
ex_sent_transmitter.c, ex_sent_receiver.c
See Also:
sent_putd( ), setup_sent( ),sent_status( )
[PCD]
sent_putd( )
Syntax:
sent_putd(module, data);
Parameters:
module - the SENT peripheral to setup, 1 or 2 for most devices.
data - the data to transmit when SENT peripheral is setup as a transmitter. The data
type SENT_DATA_TYPE is defined in the device's header file for organizing the nibble
data.
Returns:
----Function:
Puts data for transmission into the Single-Edge Nibble Transmission (SENT) peripheral's
data registers.
Availability:
Devices with a SENT peripheral.
Requires:
----Examples:
SENT_DATA_TYPE Data;
sent_putd(1, Data);
447
Built-in Functions
Example Files:
ex_sent_transmitter.c, ex_sent_receiver.c
See Also:
sent_getd( ),setup_sent( ), sent_status( )
[PCD]
sent_status( )
Syntax:
status = sent_status(module);
Parameters:
module - the SENT peripheral to setup, 1 or 2 for most devices.
Returns:
The status of the SENT peripheral. See device's header file for constants that can be
and'ed with return value to determine which status flags are set.
Function:
Gets status from the Single-Edge Nibble Transmission (SENT) peripheral's status
register.
Availability:
Devices with a SENT peripheral.
Requires:
----Examples:
unsigned int8 status;
status = sent_status(1);
Example Files:
ex_sent_transmitter.c, ex_sent_receiver.c
See Also:
sent_putd( ), sent_getd( ), setup_sent( )
448
Built-in Functions
set_ccp1_compare_time( ) set_ccp2_compare_time( )
set_ccp3_compare_time( ) set_ccp5_compare_time( )
set_ccp5_compare_time( )
Syntax:
set_ccpx_compare_time(time);
set_ccpx_compare_time(timeA, timeB)
Parameters:
time - may be a 16 or 32-bit constant or varaible. If 16-bit, it sets the CCPxRAL register
to the value time and CCPxRBL to zero; used for single edge output compare mode set
for 16-bit timer mode. If 32-bit, it sets the CCPxRAL and CCPxRBL register to the value
time, CCPxRAL least significant word and CCPRBL most significant word; used for single
edge output compare mode set for 32-bit timer mode.
timeA - is a 16-bit constant or variable to set the CCPxRAL register to the value of timeA,
used for dual edge output c ompare and PWM modes.
timeB - is a 16-bit constant or variable to set the CCPxRBL register to the value of timeB,
used for dual edge output compare and PWM modes.
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
This function sets the compare value for the CCP module. If the CCP module is
performing a single edge compare in 16-bit mode, then the CCPxRBL register is not
used. If 32-bit mode, the CCPxRBL is the most significant word of the compare time. If
the CCP module is performing dual edge compare to generate an output pulse, then
timeA, CCPxRAL register, signifies the start of the pulse, and timeB, CCPxRBL register
signifies the pulse termination time.
Availability:
Available only on PIC24FxxKMxxx family of devices with a MCCP and/or SCCP modules
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_ccp1(CCP_COMPARE_PULSE);
set_timer_period_ccp1(800);
set_ccp1_compare_time(200,300);
at time
449
//generate a pulse starting
Built-in Functions
// 200 and ending at time
300
See Also:
set_pwmX_duty(), setup_ccpX(), set_timer_period_ccpX(), set_timer_ccpX(),
get_timer_ccpX(), get_capture_ccpX(), get_captures32_ccpX()
set_cog_blanking( ) set_cog2_blanking( )
set_cog3_blanking( ) set_cog4_blanking( )
Syntax:
set_cog_blanking(falling_time, rising_time);
Parameters:
falling time - sets the falling edge blanking time.
rising time - sets the rising edge blanking time
Returns:
----Function:
To set the falling and rising edge blanking times on the Complementary Output Generator
(COG) module.
The time is based off the source clock of the COG module, the times are either a 4-bit or
6-bit value, depending on the device, refer to the
device's datasheet for the correct width.
Availability:
All devices with a COG module
Requires:
----Examples:
set_cog_blanking(10,10);
See Also:
setup_cog(), set_cog_phase(), set_cog_dead_band(), cog_status(), cog_restart()
450
Built-in Functions
set_cog_dead_band( ) set_cog2_dead_band( )
set_cog3_dead_band( ) set_cog4_dead_band( )
Syntax:
set_cog_dead_band(falling_time, rising_time);
Parameters:
falling time - sets the falling edge dead-band time.
rising time - sets the rising edge dead-band time.
Returns:
----Function:
To set the falling and rising edge dead-band times on the Complementary Output
Generator (COG) module.
The time is based off the source clock of the COG module, the times are either a 4-bit or
6-bit value, depending on the device, refer to the
device's datasheet for the correct width.
Availability:
All devices with a COG module
Requires:
----Examples:
set_cog_dead_band(16,32);
See Also:
setup_cog(), set_cog_phase(), set_cog_blanking(), cog_status(), cog_restart()
set_cog_phase( ) set_cog2_phase( ) set_cog3_phase( )
set_cog4_phase( )
Syntax:
set_cog_phase(rising_time);
set_cog_phase(falling_time, rising_time);
Parameters:
falling time - sets the falling edge phase time.
451
Built-in Functions
rising time - sets the rising edge phase time.
Returns:
----Function:
To set the falling and rising edge phase times on the Complementary Output Generator
(COG) module.
The time is based off the source clock of the COG module, the times are either a 4-bit or
6-bit value, depending on the device.
Some devices only have a rising edge delay, refer to the device's datasheet.
Availability:
All devices with a COG module
Requires:
----Examples:
set_cog_phase(10,10);
See Also:
setup_cog(), set_cog_dead_band(), set_cog_blanking(), cog_status(), cog_restart()
set_compare_time( )
Syntax:
set_compare_time(x, time])
[PCD] set_compare_time(x, ocr, [ocrs]])
Parameters:
x - is 1-8 and defines which output compare module to set time for.
time - is the compare time for the primary compare register.
[PCD]
x - is 1-16 and defines which output compare module to set time for.
ocr - is the compare time for the primary compare register.
ocrs - is the optional compare time for the secondary register. Used for dual compare
mode.
Returns:
----452
Built-in Functions
Function:
This function sets the compare value for the CCP module.
[PCD] This function sets the compare value for the output compare module. If the output
compare module is to perform only a single compare than the ocrs register is not used.
If the output compare module is using double compare to generate an output pulse, the
ocr signifies the start of the pulse and ocrs defines the pulse termination time.
Availability:
All devices with a CCP module
[PCD] All devices with Output Compare modules
Requires:
----Example Files:
ex_ccp1s.c
[PCD]
Example File:
// Pin OC1 will be set
when
//timer 2 is equal to
0xF000
setup_timer2(TMR_INTERNAL | TIMER_DIV_BY_8);
setup_compare_time(1, 0xF000);
setup_compare(1, COMPARE_SET_ON_MATCH | COMPARE_TIMER2);
See Also:
get_capture( ), setup_ccpx( )
[PCD] Output Compare
set_dedicated_adc_channel( )
Syntax:
set_dedicated_adc_channel(core,channel, [differential]);
Parameters:
core - the dedicated ADC core to setup
channel - the channel assigned to the specified ADC core. Channels are defined in the
device's .h file as follows:
ADC_CHANNEL_AN0
ADC_CHANNEL_AN7
453
Built-in Functions
ADC_CHANNEL_PGA1
ADC_CHANNEL_AN0ALT
ADC_CHANNEL_AN1
ADC_CHANNEL_AN18
ADC_CHANNEL_PGA2
ADC_CHANNEL_AN1ALT
ADC_CHANNEL_AN2
ADC_CHANNEL_AN11
ADC_CHANNEL_VREF_BAND_GAP
ADC_CHANNEL_AN3
ADC_CHANNEL_AN15
Not all of the above defines can be used with all the dedicated ADC cores. Refer to the
device's header for which can be used with each dedicated ADC core.
differential - optional parameter to specify if channel is differential or single-ended.
TRUE is differential and FALSE is single-ended.
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
Sets the channel that will be assigned to the specified dedicated ADC core. Function
does not set the channel that will be read with the next call to read_adc(), use
set_adc_channel() or read_adc() functions to set the channel that will be read.
Availability:
Only dsPIC33EPxxGSxxx family of devices
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_dedicated_adc_channel(0,ADC_CHANNEL_AN0);
See Also:
setup_adc(), setup_adc_ports(), set_adc_channel(), read_adc(), adc_done(),
setup_dedicated_adc(), ADC Overview
454
Built-in Functions
set_hspwm_event( )
set_hspwm_secondary_event( )
Syntax:
set_hs hspwm_event(settings, compare_time);
set_hswpm_secondary_event(settings, compare_time);
//if available
Parameter:
settings - special event timer setting or'd with a value from 1 to 16 to set the prescaler.
The following are the settings available for the special event time:
· HSPWM_SPECIAL_EVENT_INT_ENABLED
· HSPWM_SPECIAL_EVENT_INT_DISABLED
compare_time - the compare time for the special event to occur
Returns:
-----Function:
Sets the specified High Speed PWM unit.
Availability:
Only on devices with a built-in High Speed PWM module
(dsPIC33FJxxGSxxx, dsPIC33EPxxxMUxxx, dsPIC33EPxxxMCxxx,
and dsPIC33EVxxxGMxxx devices)
Requires:
Constants are defined in the device's .h file
Examples:
----See Also:
setup_hspwm_unit(), set_hspwm_phase(), set_hspwm_duty(),
setup_hspwm_blanking(), setup_hspwm_trigger(), set_hspwm_override(),
get_hspwm_capture(), setup_hspwm_chop_clock(), setup_hspwm_unit_chop_clock()
setup_hspwm(), setup_hspwm_secondary()
set_hspwm_duty( )
Syntax:
set_hspwm_duty(duty);
set_hspwm_duty(unit,primary, [secondary];
455
Built-in Functions
Parameters:
duty - A 16-bit constant or variable to set the master duty cycle
unit - The High Speed PWM unit to set.
primary - A 16-bit constant or variable to set the primary duty cycle.
secondary - An optional 16-bit constant or variable to set the secondary duty cycle.
Secondary duty cycle is only used in Independent PWM mode. Not available on all
devices, refer to the device datasheet for availability.
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
Sets the specified High Speed PWM unit.
Availability:
Only on devices with a built-in High Speed PWM module (dsPIC33FJxxGSxxx,
dsPIC33EPxxxMUxxx, dsPIC33EPxxxMCxxx, and dsPIC33EVxxxGMxxx devices)
Requires:
----Examples:
set_hspwm_duty(0x7FFF);
//sets the high speed PWM
//master duty cycle
set_hspwm_duty(1, 0x3FFF); //sets unit 1's primary duty cycle
See Also:
setup_hspwm_unit(), set_hspwm_phase(), set_hspwm_event(),
setup_hspwm_blanking(), setup_hspwm_trigger(), set_hspwm_override(),
get_hspwm_capture(), setup_hspwm_chop_clock(), setup_hspwm_unit_chop_clock()
setup_hspwm(), setup_hspwm_secondary()
set_hspwm_duty_adjustment( )
Syntax:
set_hspwm_duty_adjustment(unit, value);
456
Built-in Functions
Parameters:
unit - The High-Speed PWM unit to set.
value - An int8 value to set the PWM unit's duty cycle adjustment value to.
Returns:
----Function:
To setup the High-Speed PWM (HSPWM) duty cycle adjustment register. This is the
value that is added to the duty cycle when the PCI source is active.
Availability:
On devices that have the HSPWM peripheral with Fine Edge Placement. See the
device's header file to determine if functions are available.
Requires:
----Examples:
set_hspwm_duty_ajustment(1, 10);
See Also:
setup_hspwm(), setup_hspwm_event_output_x(), setup_hspwm_logic_x(),
setup_hspwm_unit(), setup_hspwm_blanking(), setup_hspwm_event(),
setup_hspwm_fault(), setup_hspwm_current_limit(), setup_hspwm_feed_forward(),
setup_hspwn_sync(), set_hspwm_scaling(), set_hspwm_overrride(),
set_hspwm_phase(), set_hspwm_duty(), set_hspwm_period(), set_hspwm_trigger_x(),
get_hspwm_feedback(), get_hspwm_capture(), get_hspwm_status(),
hspwm_trigger_pwm(), hspwm_stop_pwm(), hspwm_do_capture(), hspwm_update()
set_hspwm_override( )
Syntax:
set_hspwm_override(unit, setting);
Parameters:
unit - the High Speed PWM unit to override.
settings - the override settings to use. The valid options vary depending on the device.
See the device's .h file for all options. Some typical options include:
HSPWM_FORCE_H_1
HSPWM_FORCE_H_0
457
Built-in Functions
HSPWM_FORCE_L_1
HSPWM_FORCE_L_0
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
Setup and High Speed PWM override settings.
Availability:
Only on devices with a built-in High Speed PWM module (dsPIC33FJxxGSxxx,
dsPIC33EPxxxMUxxx, dsPIC33EPxxxMCxxx, and dsPIC33EVxxxGMxxx devices)
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_hspwm_override(1,HSPWM_FORCE_H_1|HSPWM_FORCE_L_0);
See Also:
setup_hspwm_unit(), set_hspwm_phase(), set_hspwm_duty(), set_hspwm_event(),
setup_hspwm_blanking(), setup_hspwm_trigger(), get_hspwm_capture(),
setup_hspwm_chop_clock(), setup_hspwm_unit_chop_clock(), setup_hspwm(),
setup_hspwm_secondary()
set_hspwm_period( )
Syntax:
set_hspwm_period(period);
set_hspwm_period(unit, value);
Parameters:
period - An int16 value to set the PWM master period to.
unit - The High-Speed PWM unit to set.
value - An int16 value to set the PWM unit's period to.
Returns:
-----
458
Built-in Functions
Function:
Sets up the High-Speed PWM (HSPWM) period registers.
Availability:
On devices that have the HSPWM peripheral with Fine Edge Placement. See the
device's header file to determine if functions are available.
Requires:
----Examples:
set_hspwm_period(0x8000);
set_hspwm_period(4,0x9000);
//set master period
//set PWM unit 4 period
See Also:
setup_hspwm(), setup_hspwm_event_output_x(), setup_hspwm_logic_x(),
setup_hspwm_unit(), setup_hspwm_blanking(), setup_hspwm_event(),
setup_hspwm_fault(), setup_hspwm_current_limit(),
setup_hspwm_feed_forward(), setup_hspwn_sync(), set_hspwm_scaling(),
set_hspwm_overrride(), set_hspwm_phase(), set_hspwm_duty(),
set_hspwm_duty_adjustment(), set_hspwm_trigger_x(),
get_hspwm_feedback(), get_hspwm_capture(), get_hspwm_status(),
hspwm_trigger_pwm(), hspwm_stop_pwm(), hspwm_do_capture(), hspwm_update()
set_hspwm_phase( )
Syntax:
set_hspwm_phase(unit, primary, [secondary]);
Parameters:
unit - The High Speed PWM unit to set.
primary - A 16-bit constant or variable to set the primary duty cycle.
secondary - An optional 16-bit constant or variable to set the secondary duty cycle.
Secondary duty cycle is only used in Independent PWM mode. Not available on all
devices, refer to device datasheet for availability.
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
Sets up the specified High Speed PWM unit.
459
Built-in Functions
Availability:
Only on devices with a built-in High Speed PWM module (dsPIC33FJxxGSxxx,
dsPIC33EPxxxMUxxx, dsPIC33EPxxxMCxxx, and dsPIC33EVxxxGMxxx devices)
Requires:
Constants are defined in the device's .h file
Examples:
set_hspwm(1,0x1000,0x8000);
See Also:
setup_hspwm_unit(), set_hspwm_duty(), set_hspwm_event(), setup_hspwm_blanking(),
setup_hspwm_trigger(), set_hspwm_override(), get_hspwm_capture(),
setup_hspwm_chop_clock(), setup_hspwm_unit_chop_clock()
setup_hspwm(), setup_hspwm_secondary()
set_hspwm_scaling( )
Syntax:
set_hspwm_scaling(period, inc_value);
Parameters:
period - An int16 value to set the frequency scaling minimum period to.
inc_value - An int16 value to set the value added to the frequency scaling accumulator
for each PWM clock.
Returns:
----Function:
To setup the High-Speed PWM (HSPWM) frequency scaling registers.
Availability:
On devices that have the HSPWM peripheral with Fine Edge Placement. See the
device's header file to determine if functions are available.
Requires:
----Examples:
set_hspwm_scaling(0x8000, 16);
460
Built-in Functions
See Also:
setup_hspwm(), setup_hspwm_event_output_x(), setup_hspwm_logic_x(),
setup_hspwm_unit(), setup_hspwm_blanking(), setup_hspwm_event(),
setup_hspwm_fault(), setup_hspwm_current_limit(),
setup_hspwm_feed_forward(), setup_hspwn_sync(), set_hspwm_overrride(),
set_hspwm_phase(), set_hspwm_duty(), set_hspwm_period(),
set_hspwm_duty_adjustment(), set_hspwm_trigger_x(),
get_hspwm_feedback(), get_hspwm_capture(), get_hspwm_status(),
hspwm_trigger_pwm(),hspwm_stop_pwm(), hspwm_do_capture(), hspwm_update()
set_hspwm_scaling( )
Syntax:
set_hspwm_trigger_a(unit, value);
set_hspwm_trigger_b(unit, value);
set_hspwm_trigger_c(unit, value);
Parameters:
unit - The High-Speed PWM unit to set.
value - An int16 value to set the PWM unit's trigger x register to.
Returns:
----Function:
To setup the High-Speed PWM (HSPWM) trigger A, B and C registers.
Availability:
On devices that have the HSPWM peripheral with Fine Edge Placement. See the
device's header file to determine if functions are available.
Requires:
----Examples:
set_hspwm_trigger_a(1, 0x1000);
See Also:
setup_hspwm(), setup_hspwm_event_output_x(), setup_hspwm_logic_x(),
setup_hspwm_unit(),
461
Built-in Functions
setup_hspwm_blanking(), setup_hspwm_event(), setup_hspwm_fault(),
setup_hspwm_current_limit(), setup_hspwm_feed_forward(), setup_hspwn_sync(),
set_hspwm_scaling(), set_hspwm_overrride(), set_hspwm_phase(), set_hspwm_duty(),
set_hspwm_period(), set_hspwm_duty_adjustment(), get_hspwm_feedback(),
get_hspwm_capture(), get_hspwm_status(), hspwm_trigger_pwm(),
hspwm_stop_pwm(), hspwm_do_capture(), hspwm_update()
set_input_level_x( )
Syntax:
set_input_level_a(value)
set_input_level_b(value)
set_input_level_v(value)
set_input_level_d(value)
set_input_level_e(value)
set_input_level_f(value)
set_input_level_g(value)
set_input_level_h(value)
set_input_level_j(value)
set_input_level_k(value)
set_input_level_l(value)
Parameters:
value- is an 8-bit int with each bit representing a bit of the I/O port.
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
These functions allow the I/O port Input Level Control (INLVLx) registers to be set. Each
bit in the value represents one pin. A 1 sets the corresponding pin's input level to Schmitt
Trigger (ST) level, and a 0 sets the corresponding pin's input level to TTL level.
Availability:
All devices with ODC registers, however not all devices have all I/O ports and not all
devices port's have a corresponding ODC register.
Requires:
Constants are defined in the device's .h file
Examples:
set_input_level_a(0x0);
all other
//sets PIN_A0 input level to ST and
462
Built-in Functions
//PORTA pins to TTL level
See Also:
output_high(), output_low(), output_bit(), output_x(), General Purpose I/O
set_motor_pwm_duty( )
Syntax:
set_motor_pwm_duty(pwm,group,time);
Parameters:
pwm- Defines the pwm module used.
group- Output pair number 1,2 or 3.
time- The value set in the duty cycle register.
Returns:
Void
Function:
Configures the motor control PWM unit duty.
Availability:
Devices that have the motor control PWM unit.
Requires:
----Examples:
set_input_level_a(0x0);
all other
//sets PIN_A0 input level to ST and
//PORTA pins to TTL level
See Also:
get_motor_pwm_count(), set_motor_pwm_event(), set_motor_unit(), setup_motor_pwm()
set_motor_pwm_event( )
Syntax:
set_motor_pwm_event(pwm,time);
[PCD] set_motor_pwm_event(pwm,time,[postscale]);
463
Built-in Functions
Parameters:
pwm- Defines the pwm module used.
time- The value in the special event comparator register used for scheduling other
events.
postscale- Optional parameter to set the special trigger output postscale (1-16).
Defaults to 1 if not specified.
[PCD]
Returns:
Void
Function:
Configures the PWM event on the motor control unit.
Availability:
Devices that have the motor control PWM unit.
Requires:
----Examples:
set_motor_pww_event(pwm,time);
[PCD]
set_motor_pwm_event(1,625,2);
See Also:
get_motor_pwm_count(), setup_motor_pwm(), set_motor_unit(), set_motor_pwm_duty()
set_motor_unit( )
Syntax:
set_motor_unit(pwm,unit,options, active_deadtime, inactive_deadtime);
Parameters:
pwm- Defines the pwm module used
Unit- This will select Unit A or Unit B
options- The mode of the power PWM module. See the devices .h file for all options
active_deadtime- Set the active deadtime for the unit
464
Built-in Functions
inactive_deadtime- Set the inactive deadtime for the unit
Returns:
Void
Function:
Configures the motor control PWM unit.
Availability:
Devices that have the motor control PWM unit.
Requires:
----Examples:
set_motor_unit(pwm,unit,MPWM_INDEPENDENT | MPWM_FORCE_L_1,
active_deadtime,
inactive_deadtime);
See Also:
get_motor_pwm_count(), set_motor_pwm_event(), set_motor_pwm_duty(),
setup_motor_pwm()
set_nco_accumulator( )
Syntax:
set_nco_accumulator(value);
Parameters:
value - The 20-bit value to set the NCO accumulator to.
Returns:
----Function:
Used to set the NCO accumulator to a specific value.
Availability:
Devices with a Numerically Controlled Oscillator (NCO) module.
Requires:
----465
Built-in Functions
Examples:
set_nco_accumulator(500000);
See Also:
setup_nco( ), get_nco_accumulator( ), set_nco_inc_value( ), get_nco_inc_value( )
set_nco_inc_value( )
Syntax:
set_nco_inc_value(value);
Parameters:
value- value to set the NCO increment registers
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
Sets the value that the NCO's accumulator will be incremented by on each clock pulse.
The increment registers are double buffered so the new value won't be applied until the
accumulator rolls-over.
Availability:
Devices with a NCO module
Requires:
----Examples:
set_nco_inc_value(inc_value);
value
//sets the new increment
See Also:
setup_nco( ), get_nco_accumulator( ), get_nco_inc_value( )
set_open_drain_x(value)
Syntax:
set_open_drain_a(value)
set_open_drain_b(value)
set_open_drain_c(value)
set_open_drain_d(value)
466
Built-in Functions
set_open_drain_e(value)
set_open_drain_f(value)
set_open_drain_g(value)
set_open_drain_h(value)
set_open_drain_j(value)
set_open_drain_k(value)
Parameters:
value – is an 8-bit int with each bit representing a bit of the I/O port.
[PCD] value – is a 16-bit int with each bit representing a bit of the I/O port.
Returns:
-----Function:
These functions allow the I/O port Open-Drain Control (ODCONx) registers to be set. Each bit in
the value represents one pin. A 1 sets the corresponding pin to act as an open-drain output, and a
0 sets the corresponding pin to act as a digital output.
[PCD] Enables/Disables open-drain output capability on port pins. Not all ports or port pins have open-drain
capability, refer to devices data sheet for port and pin availability.
Availability:
Devices with a NCO module
Requires:
----Examples:
set_open_drain_a(0x01);
set_open_drain_b(0x001);
//makes PIN_A0 an open-drain output.
//enables open-drain output on PIN-B0
//disable on all other port B pins
See Also:
output_high(), output_low(), output_bit(), output_x(), General Purpose I/O
set_power_pwm_override( )
Syntax:
set_power_pwm_override(pwm, override, value)
Parameters:
pwm - is a constant between 0 and 7
Override - is true or false
Value - is 0 or 1
467
Built-in Functions
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
pwm - selects which module will be affected.
Override - determines whether the output is to be determined by the OVDCONS register
or the PDC registers. When override is false, the PDC registers determine the output.
When override is true, the output is determined by the value stored in OVDCONS.
value - determines if pin is driven to it's active staet or if pin will be inactive. I will be
driven to its active state, 0 pin will be inactive.
Availability:
All devices equipped with PWM.
Requires:
----Examples:
set_power_pwm_override(1, true, 1); //PWM1 will be overridden to
active state
set_power_pwm_override(1, false, 0); //PMW1 will not be overidden
See Also:
setup_power_pwm(), setup_power_pwm_pins(), set_power_pwmX_duty()
set_power_pwmx_duty( )
Syntax:
set_power_pwmX_duty(duty)
Parameters:
X is 0, 2, 4, or 6
Duty is an integer between 0 and 16383
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
Stores the value of duty into the appropriate PDCXL/H register. This duty value is the
amount of time that the PWM output is in the active state.
468
Built-in Functions
Availability:
All devices equipped with PWM.
Requires:
----Examples:
set_power_pwmx_duty(4000);
See Also:
setup_power_pwm(), setup_power_pwm_pins(), set_power_pwm_override()
set_pulldown( )
Syntax:
set_Pulldown(state [, pin])
Parameters:
Pins are defined in the devices .h file. If no pin is provided in the function call, then all of
the pins are set to the passed in state.
State is either true or false.
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
Sets the pin's pull down state to the passed in state value. If no pin is included in the
function call, then all valid pins are set to the passed in state.
Availability:
All devices equipped with pull-down hardware
Requires:
Pin constants are defined in the devices .h file
Examples:
set_pulldown(true, PIN_B0);
set_pullup(false);
false
//Sets pin B0's pull down state to true
//Sets all pin's pull down state to
469
Built-in Functions
set_pullup( )
Syntax:
set_pullup(state, [ pin])
Parameters:
Pins are defined in the devices .h file. If no pin is provided in the function call, then all of
the pins are set to the passed in state.
State is either true or false.
Pins are defined in the devices .h file. The actual number is a bit address. For example,
port a (byte 5 ) bit 3 would have a value of 5*8+3 or 43. This is defined as
follows: #DEFINE PIN_A3 43 . The pin could also be a variable that has a value equal to
one of the predefined pin constants. Note if no pin is provided in the function call, then all
of the pins are set to the passed in state.
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
Sets the pin's pull up state to the passed in state value. If no pin is included in the
function call, then all valid pins are set to the passed in state.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
Pin constants are defined in the devices .h file
Examples:
set_pullup(true, PIN_B0);
set_pullup(false);
//Sets pin B0's pull up state to true
//Sets all pin's pull up state to false
set_pwm1_duty( ) set_pwm2_duty( ) set_pwm3_duty( )
set_pwm4_duty( ) set_pwm5_duty( )
Syntax:
set_pwm1_duty (value)
set_pwm2_duty (value)
set_pwm3_duty (value)
470
Built-in Functions
set_pwm4_duty (value)
set_pwm5_duty (value)
[PCD] set_pwmX_duty (value)
Parameters:
value - may be an 8 or 16 bit constant or variable
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
Writes the 10-bit value to the PWM to set the duty. An 8-bit value may be used if the most
significant bits are not required. The 10 bit value is then used to determine the duty cycle
of the PWM signal as follows:
duty cycle = value / [ 4 * (PR2 +1 ) ]
If an 8-bit value is used, the duty cycle of the PWM signal is determined as follows:
duty cycle=value/(PR2+1)
Where PR2 is the maximum value timer 2 will count to before toggling the output pin.
PIC24FxxKLxxx devices, writes the 10-bit value to the PWM to set the duty. An 8-bit
value may be used if the most significant bits are not required. The 10-bit value is then
used to determine the duty cycle of the PWM signal as follows:
duty cycle = value / [ 4 * (PRx +1 ) ]
Where PRx is the maximum value timer 2 or 4 will count to before rolling over.
[PCD]
PIC24FxxKMxxx devices, wires the 16-bit value to the PWM to set the duty. The 16-bit
value is then used to determine the duty cycle of the PWM signal as follows:
duty cycle=value/(CCPxPRL+1)
Where CCPxPRL is the maximum value timer 2 will count to before toggling the output
pin.
Availability:
This function is only available on devices with CCP/PWM hardware.
[PCD] This function is only available on devices with MCCP and/or SCCP modules.
Requires:
----Examples:
// For a 20 mhz clock, 1.2 khz
frequency,
// t2DIV set to 16, PR2 set to 200
// the following sets the duty to
50% (or 416 us).
471
Built-in Functions
long duty;
duty = 408; // [408/(4*(200+1))]=0.5=50%
set_pwm1_duty(duty);
[PIC24FxxKLxxx Devices]
// 32 MHz clock
unsigned int16 duty;
setup_timer2(T2_DIV_BY_4, 199, 1);
setup_ccp1(CCP_PWM);
//period=50us
duty=400;
//duty=400/[4*(199+1)]=0.5=50%
set_pwm1_duty(duty);
[PIC24FxxKMxxx Devices]
// 32 MHz clock
unsigned int16 duty;
setup_ccp1(CCP_PWM);
set_timer_period_ccp1(799);
duty=400;
set_pwm1_duty(duty);
//period=50us
//duty=400/(799+1)=0.5=50%
Example Files:
ex_pwm.c
See Also:
setup_ccpX(), set_ccpX_compare_time(), set_timer_period_ccpX(), set_timer_ccpX(),
get_timer_ccpX(), get_capture_ccpX(, get_captures32_ccpX()
set_pwm1_offset( ) set_pwm2_offset( ) set_pwm3_offset( )
set_pwm4_offset( ) set_pwm5_offset( ) set_pwm6_offset( )
Syntax:
set_pwm1_offset (value)
set_pwm2_offset (value)
set_pwm3_offset (value)
set_pwm4_offset (value)
set_pwm5_offset (value)
set_pwm6_offset (value)
Parameters:
value - 16-bit constant or variable
472
Built-in Functions
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
Writes the 16-bit to the PWM to set the offset. The offset is used to adjust the waveform
of a slae PWM module relative to the waveform of a master PWM module.
Availability:
Devices with a 16-bit PWM module
Requires:
----Examples:
set_pwm1_offset(0x0100);
set_pwm1_offset(offset);
See Also:
setup_pwm(), set_pwm_duty(), set_pwm_period(), clear_pwm_interrupt(),
set_pwm_phase(), enable_pwm_interrupt(), disable_pwm_interrupt(),
pwm_interrupt_active()
set_pwm1_period( ) set_pwm2_period( ) set_pwm3_period( )
set_pwm4_period( ) set_pwm5_period( ) set_pwm6_period( )
Syntax:
set_pwm1_period (value)
set_pwm2_period (value)
set_pwm3_period (value)
set_pwm4_period (value)
set_pwm5_period (value)
set_pwm6_period (value)
Parameters:
value - 16-bit constant or variable
Returns:
Undefined
473
Built-in Functions
Function:
Writes the 16-bit to the PWM to set the period. When the PWM module is set-up for
standard mode it sets the period of the PWM signal. When set-up for set on match
mode, it sets the maximum value at which the phase match can occur. When in toggle
on match and center aligned modes it sets the maximum value the PWMxTMR will count
to, the actual period of PWM signal will be twice what the period was set to.
Availability:
Devices with a 16-bit PWM module
Requires:
----Examples:
set_pwm1_period(0x8000);
set_pwm1_period(period);
See Also:
setup_pwm(), set_pwm_duty(), set_pwm_phase(), clear_pwm_interrupt(),
set_pwm_offset(), enable_pwm_interrupt(), disable_pwm_interrupt(),
pwm_interrupt_active()
set_pwmx_phase( )
Syntax:
set_pwm1_phase (value)
set_pwm2_phase (value)
set_pwm3_phase (value)
set_pwm4_phase (value)
set_pwm5_phase (value)
set_pwm6_phase (value)
Parameters:
value - 16-bit constant or variable
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
Writes the 16-bit to the PWM to set the phase. When the PWM module is set-up for
standard mode the phaes specifies the start of the duty cycle, when in set on match
474
Built-in Functions
mode it specifies when the output goes high, and when in toggle on match mode it
specifies when the output toggles. Phase is not used when in center aligned mode.
Availability:
Devices with a 16-bit PWM module
Requires:
----Examples:
set_pwm1_phase(0);
set_pwm1_phase(phase);
See Also:
setup_pwm(), set_pwm_duty(), set_pwm_period(), clear_pwm_interrupt(),
set_pwm_offset(), enable_pwm_interrupt(), disable_pwm_interrupt(),
pwm_interrupt_active()
set_timerx( ) set_rtcc( ) set_timer0( ) set_timer1( )
set_timer2( ) set_timer3( ) set_timer4( ) set_timer5( )
Syntax:
set_timerX(value)
set_timer0(value)
set_timer1(value)
set_timer2(value)
set_timer3(value)
set_timer4(value)
set_timer5(value)
or set_rtcc (value)
Parameters:
Timers 1 & 5 get a 16 bit int.
Timer 2 and 4 gets an 8 bit int.
Timer 0 (AKA RTCC) gets an 8 bit int except on the PIC18XXX where it needs a 16 bit
int.
Timer 3 is 8 bit on PIC16 and 16 bit on PIC18
Returns:
Undefined
475
Built-in Functions
Function:
Sets the count value of a real time clock/counter. RTCC and Timer0 are the same. All
timers count up. When a timer reaches the maximum value it will flip over to 0 and
continue counting (254, 255, 0, 1, 2...)
Availability:
Timer 0 - All devices
Timers 1 & 2 - Most but not all PCM devices
Timer 3 - Only PIC18XXX and some pick devices
Timer 4 - Some PCH devices
Timer 5 - Only PIC18XX31
Requires:
----Examples:
set_timer0(81);
// 20 mhz clock, no prescaler,
//set timer 0 to overflow in 35us
// 256-(.000035/(4/20000000))
Example Files:
ex_patg.c
See Also:
set_timer1(), get_timerX() Timer0 Overview, Timer1Overview, Timer2 Overview, Timer5
Overview
set_ticks( )
Syntax:
set_ticks([stream],value);
Parameters:
stream – optional parameter specifying the stream defined in #USE TIMER
value – a 8, 16 or 32 bit integer, specifying the new value of the tick timer. (int8, int16 or
int32)
[PCD] value – a 8, 16, 32 or 64 bit integer, specifying the new value of the tick timer. (int8,
int16, int32 or int64)
Returns:
Void
476
Built-in Functions
Function:
Sets the new value of the tick timer. Size passed depends on the size of the tick timer.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE TIMER(options)
Examples:
#USE TIMER(TIMER=1,TICK=1ms,BITS=16,NOISR)
void main(void) {
unsigned int16 value = 0x1000;
set_ticks(value);
}
(.000035/(4/20000000))
// 256-
See Also:
#USE TIMER, get_ticks()
setup_sd_adc_calibration( )
Syntax:
setup_sd_adc_calibration(model);
Parameters:
mode- selects whether to enable or disable calibration mode for the SD ADC module.
The following defines are made in the device's .h file:
SDADC_START_CALIBRATION_MODE
SDADC_END_CALIBRATION_MODE
Returns:
----Function:
To enable or disable calibration mode on the Sigma-Delta Analog to Digital Converter
(SD ADC) module. This can be used to determine the offset error of the module, which
then can be subtracted from future readings.
Availability:
Devices with a SD ADC module
477
Built-in Functions
Requires:
#USE TIMER(options)
Examples:
signed int 32 result, calibration;
set_sd_adc_calibration(SDADC_START_CALIBRATION_MODE);
calibration=read_sd_adc()
set_sd_adc_calibration(SDADC_END_CALIBRATION_MODE);
result=read_sd_adc()-calibration;
See Also:
setup_sd_adc(), read_sd_adc(), set_sd_adc_channel()
set_sd_adc_channel( )
Syntax:
setup_sd_adc(channel);
Parameters:
channel- sets the SD ADC channel to read. Channel can be 0 to read the difference
between CH0+ and CH0-, 1 to read the difference between CH1+ and CH1-, or one of
the following:
SDADC_CH1SE_SVSS
SDADC_REFERENCE
Returns:
Void
Function:
To select the channel that the Sigma-Delta Analog to Digital Converter (SD ADC)
performs the conversion on.
Availability:
Devices with a SD ADC module
Requires:
----Examples:
set_sd_adc_channel(0);
478
Built-in Functions
See Also:
setup_sd_adc(), read_sd_adc(), set_sd_adc_calibration()
set_slow_slew_x()
Syntax:
set_slow_slew_a(value);
set_slow_slew_b(value);
set_slow_slew_c(value);
set_slow_slew_d(value);
set_slow_slew_e(value);
set_slow_slew_f(value);
set_slow_slew_g(value);
set_slow_slew_h(value);
Parameters:
value - may be a 1-bit constant or an 8-bit value (see the device's header file to
determine which) used to enable and disable slew rating limiting on a port or port pin.
Devices that take a 1-bit constant passing a 1 to function enables slew rate limiting on
entire port. Passing a 0 to function disables slew rate limiting on entire port. Devices that
take an 8-bit value, each bit corresponds to a pin on the port. Setting a bit enables slew
rate limiting on that port's corresponding pin and clearing a bit disables slew rate limiting
on that port's corresponding pin.
Returns:
----Function:
Used to enable and disable slew rate limiting on the device's ports or port pins.
Availability:
Devices that have Slew Rate Control registers for enabling and disabling slew rate
limiting.
Requires:
-----Examples:
set_slow_slew_a(TRUE);
set_slow_slew_a(0x03);
479
Built-in Functions
See Also:
set_tris_x(), set_input_level_x(), set_open_drain_x(), get_tris_x(), output_x(), input_x(),
input_change_x(), port_x_pullups(), input(), input_state(), output_low(), output_high(),
output_toggle(), output_bit(), output_float(), output_drive()
set_timerA( )
Syntax:
set_timerA(value);
Parameters:
An 8 bit integer. Specifying the new value of the timer. (int8)
Returns:
----Function:
Sets the current value of the timer. All timers count up. When a timer reaches the
maximum value it will flip over to 0 and continue counting (254, 255, 0, 1, 2, …)
Availability:
Devices with Timer A hardware
Requires:
----Examples:
// 20 mhz clock, no prescaler, set
timer A
set_timerA(81);
// to overflow in 35us
// 256-(.000035/(4/20000000)
See Also:
get_timerA( ), setup_timer_A( ), TimerA Overview
set_timerB( )
Syntax:
set_timerB(value);
Parameters:
An 8 bit integer. Specifying the new value of the timer. (int8)
480
Built-in Functions
Returns:
----Function:
Sets the current value of the timer. All timers count up. When a timer reaches the
maximum value it will flip over to 0 and continue counting (254, 255, 0, 1, 2, …)
Availability:
Devices with Timer B hardware
Requires:
----Examples:
// 20 mhz clock, no prescaler, set
timer B
set_timerB(81);
// to overflow in 35us
// 256-(.000035/(4/20000000)
See Also:
get_timerB( ), setup_timer_B( ), TimerB Overview
set_timerxy( )
Syntax:
set_timerXY(value)
Parameters:
A 32 bit integer, specifying the new value of the timer. (int32)
Returns:
----Function:
Retrieves the 32 bit value of the timers X and Y, specified by XY(which may be 23, 45, 67
and 89)
Availability:
This function is available on all devices that have a valid 32 bit enabled timers. Timers 2
& 3, 4 & 5, 6 & 7 and 8 & 9 may be used. The target device must have one of these timer
sets. The target timers must be enabled as 32 bit.
481
Built-in Functions
Requires:
----Examples:
if(get_timer45() == THRESHOLD)
set_timer(THRESHOLD + 0x1000);
values
//skip those timer
See Also:
Timer Overview, setup_timerX(), get_timerXY(), set_timerX(), set_timerXY()
set_timer_ccp1( ) set_timer_ccp2( ) set_timer_ccp3( )
set_timer_ccp4( ) set_timer_ccp5( ) set_timer_ccp6( )
Syntax:
set_timer_ccpx(time);
set_timer_ccpx(timeL, timeH);
Parameters:
time - may be a 32-bit constant or variable. Sets the timer value for the CCPx module
when in 32-bit mode.
timeL - may be a 16-bit constant or variable to set the value of the lower timer when CCP
module is set for 16-bit mode.
timeH - may be a 16-bit constant or variable to set the value of the upper timer when
CCP module is set for 16-bit mode.
Returns:
----Function:
This function sets the timer values for the CCP module. TimeH is optional parameter
when using 16-bit mode, defaults to zero if not specified.
Availability:
Available only on PIC24FxxKMxxx family of devices with a MCCP and/or SCCP modules.
Requires:
----Examples:
482
Built-in Functions
setup_ccp1(CCP_TIMER);
set_timer_ccp1(100,200);
timer
//set for dual timer mode
//set lower timer value to 100 and upper
//value to 200
See Also:
set_pwmX_duty(), setup_ccpX(), set_ccpX_compare_time(), get_capture_ccpX(),
set_timer_period_ccpX(), get_timer_ccpx(), get_captures32_ccpX()
set_timer_period_ccp1( ) set_timer_period_ccp2( )
set_timer_period_ccp3( ) set_timer_period_ccp4( )
set_timer_period_ccp5( ) set_timer_period_ccp6( )
Syntax:
set_timer_period_ccpx(time);
set_timer_period_ccpx(timeL, timeH);
Parameters:
time - may be a 32-bit constant or variable. Sets the timer value for the CCPx module
when in 32-bit mode.
timeL - may be a 16-bit constant or variable to set the value of the lower timer when CCP
module is set for 16-bit mode.
timeH - may be a 16-bit constant or variable to set the value of the upper timer when
CCP module is set for 16-bit mode.
Returns:
----Function:
This function sets the timer periods for the CCP module. When setting up CCP module
in 32-bit function is only needed when using Timer mode. Period register are not used
when module is setup for 32-bit compare mode, period is always 0xFFFFFFFF. TimeH is
optional parameter when using 16-bit mode, default to zero if not specified.
Availability:
Available only on PIC24FxxKMxxx family of devices with a MCCP and/or SCCP modules.
Requires:
-----
483
Built-in Functions
Examples:
setup_ccp1(CCP_TIMER);
set_timer_period_ccp1(800,2000);
//set for dual timer mode
//set lower timer period to 800 and
//upper timer period to 2000
See Also:
set_pwmX_duty(), setup_ccpX(), set_ccpX_compare_time(), set_timer_ccpX(),
get_timer_ccpX(), get_capture_ccpX(), get_captures32_ccpX()
set_tris( )
Syntax:
set_tris_a (value)
set_tris_b (value)
set_tris_c (value)
set_tris_d (value)
set_tris_e (value)
set_tris_f (value)
set_tris_g (value)
set_tris_h (value)
set_tris_j (value)
set_tris_k (value)
set_tris_l (value)
Parameters:
value is an 8 bit int with each bit representing a bit of the I/O port.
[PCD] value is an 16 bit int with each bit representing a bit of the I/O port.
Returns:
Undefined
Function:
These functions allow the I/O port direction (TRI-State) registers to be set.
This must be used with FAST_IO and when I/O ports are accessed as memory such as
when a # BYTE directive is used to access an I/O port.
[PCD] This must be used with FAST_IO and when I/O ports are accessed as memory such
as when a #word directive is used to access an I/O port.
Using the default standard I/O the built in functions set the I/O direction automatically.
Each bit in the value represents one pin. A 1 indicates the pin is input and a 0 indicates it
is output.
Availability:
All devices (however not all devices have all I/O ports)
484
Built-in Functions
Requires:
Pin constants are defined in the devices .h file
Examples:
SET_TRIS_B( 0x0F );
[PCD]
// B7,B6,B5,B4 are outputs
// B3,B2,B1,B0 are inputs
// B15,B14,B13,B12,B11,B10,B9,B8,
Example Files:
lcd.c
See Also:
#USE FAST_IO, #USE FIXED_IO, #USE STANDARD_IO, General Purpose I/O
set_uart_speed( )
Syntax:
set_uart_speed (baud, [stream, clock])
Parameters:
baud - is a constant representing the number of bits per second.
stream - is an optional stream identifier.
clock - is an optional parameter to indicate what the current clock is if it is different from
the #use delay value
Returns:
----Function:
Changes the baud rate of the built-in hardware RS232 serial port at run-time.
Availability:
This function is only available on devices with a built in UART
Requires:
#USE RS232
Examples:
// Set baud rate based on setting
// of pins B0 and B1
switch( input_b() & 3 ) {
485
Built-in Functions
case
case
case
case
0
1
2
3
:
:
:
:
set_uart_speed(2400);
set_uart_speed(4800);
set_uart_speed(9600);
set_uart_speed(19200);
break;
break;
break;
break;
}
Example Files:
loader.c
See Also:
#USE RS232, putc(), getc(), setup uart(), RS232 I/O Overview
setjmp( )
Syntax:
result = setjmp (env)
Parameters:
env - The data object that will receive the current environment
Returns:
If the return is from a direct invocation, this function returns 0.
If the return is from a call to the longjmp function, the setjmp function returns a nonzero
value and it's the same value passed to the longjmp function.
Function:
Stores information on the current calling context in a data object of type jmp_buf and
which marks where you want control to pass on a corresponding longjmp call.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#INCLUDE
Examples:
result = setjmp(jmpbuf);
See Also:
longjmp()
486
Built-in Functions
setup_act( )
Syntax:
setup_act(settings);
Parameters:
settings - to setup the ACT module. See the device's header file for options.
Returns:
----Function:
Used to setup the Active Clock Tuning (ACT) module.
Availability:
Devices with an ACT module. See the device's header file for availability.
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_act(ACT_ENABLED | ACT_TUNED_TO_USE);
See Also:
act_status( )
setup_adc(mode)
[PCD]
setup_adc2(mode)
Syntax:
setup_adc (mode, [ADCRS], [ADRPT]);
[PCD] setup_adc2(mode);
Parameters:
mode- Analog to digital mode. The valid options vary depending on the device. See the
devices .h file for all options. Some typical options include:
ADC_OFF
ADC_CLOCK_INTERNAL
ADC_CLOCK_DIV_32
[PCD] ADC_CLOCK_INTERNAL – The ADC will use an internal clock
[PCD] ADC_CLOCK_DIV_32 – The ADC will use the external clock scaled down by
32
[PCD] ADC_TAD_MUL_16 – The ADC sample time will be 16 times the ADC
conversion time
487
Built-in Functions
ADCRS - For devices with an analog-to-digital converter with computation (ADC2)
module only. Optional parameter used set how much the accumulated value is divided
by (2^ADCRS) in Accumulate, Average and Parst Average modes, and the cut-off
frequency in low-pass filter mode.
ADRPT - For devices with an ADC2 module only. Optional parameter used to set the
number of samples to be done before performing a threshold comparison in Average,
Bust Average and low-pass filter modes.
Returns:
----Function:
Configures the analog to digital converter.
[PCD] Configures the ADC clock speed and the ADC sample time. The ADC converters
have a maximum speed of operation, so ADC clock needs to be scaled accordingly. In
addition, the sample time can be set by using a bitwise OR to concatenate the constant
to the argument.
Availability:
Only the devices with built in analog to digital converter.
Requires:
Constants are defined in the devices .h file.
Examples:
setup_adc_ports( ALL_ANALOG );
setup_adc(ADC_CLOCK_INTERNAL );
set_adc_channel( 0 );
value = read_adc();
setup_adc( ADC_OFF )
Example Files:
ex_admm.c
See Also:
setup_adc_ports(), set_adc_channel(), read_adc(), #DEVICE, ADC Overview
488
Built-in Functions
setup_adc_ports( )
[PCD]
setup_adc_ports2( )
Syntax:
setup_adc_ports (value)
setup_adc_ports (ports, [reference])
setup_adc_ports (ports, [ports2], [reference])
setup_adc_ports (ports, [p2_ports], [reference])
[PCD] setup_adc_ports (ports, reference])
Parameters:
value - a constant defined in the device's .h file
ports - a constant specifying the ADC pins to use.
ports2 - an optional constant on devices with more than 32 analog pins. To specify the
ADC pins to use for analog pins 32-x.
p2_ports - an optional constant specifying the ADC pins to use on a device that have
more than 32 analog pins. Not an option on all devices, see the device's header file to
determine if available. For devices with this option, if setting ADC reference, the
reference is passed as the third parameter.
reference - is an optional constant specifying the ADC reference to use. By default, the
reference voltage are Vss and Vdd
Returns:
----Function:
Sets up the ADC pins to be analog, digital, or a combination and the voltage reference to
use when computing the ADC value. The allowed analog pin combinations vary
depending on the chip and are defined by using the bitwise OR to concatenate selected
pins together. Check the device include file for a complete list of available pins and
reference voltage settings. The constants ALL_ANALOG and NO_ANALOGS are valid
for all chips.
Some other example pin definitions are:
sAN1 | sAN2 - AN1 and AN2 are analog, remaining pins are digital
sAN0 | sAN3 - AN0 and AN3 are analog, remaining pins are digital
Availability:
This function is only available on devices with A/D hardware.
This function is only available on devices with built-in A/D converters
489
Built-in Functions
Requires:
Constants are defined in the devices .h file.
Examples:
setup_adc_ports(ALL_ANALOG);
be)
// All pins analog (that can
setup_adc_ports(RA0_RA1_ANALOG_RA3_REF); // Pins A0 and A1 are analog.
Pin RA3 is
// used for the reference
voltage and all
// other pins are digital.
setup_adc_ports(ALL_ANALOG);
// Set all ADC pins to analog
mode.
setup_adc_ports(sAN0|sAN1|sAN3);
analog and all
// Pins AN0, AN1 and AN3 are
// others pins are digital.
setup_adc_ports(sAN0|sAN1, VREF_VDD); // Pins AN0 and AN1 are analog.
The VrefL pin
// and Vdd are used for voltage
references.
Example Files:
ex_admm.c
See Also:
setup_adc_reference(), set_adc_channel(), read_adc(), setup_adc(), set_analog_pins(),
ADC Overview
setup_adc_reference( ) setup_adc_reference2( )
Syntax:
setup_adc_reference(reference)
Parameters:
reference - the voltage reference to set the ADC. The valid options depend on the
device, see the device's .h file for all options. Typical options include:
- VSS_VDD
- VSS_VREF
- VREF_VREF
- VREF_VDD
Returns:
Undefined.
490
Built-in Functions
Function:
Set the positive and negative voltage reference for the Analog to Digital Converter
(ADC) uses.
Availability:
Only on devices with an ADC and has ANSELx, x being the port letter; registers for
setting which pins are analog or digital.
Requires:
Nothing
Examples:
setup_adc_reference(VSS_VREF);
Examples Files:
None
See Also:
set_analog_pins(), set_adc_channel(), read_adc(), setup_adc(), setup_adc_ports(),
ADC Overview
setup_adc_reference( ) setup_adc_reference2( )
Syntax:
setup_adc_reference(reference)
Parameters:
reference - the voltage reference to set the ADC. The valid options depend on the
device, see the device's .h file for all options. Typical options include:
- VSS_VDD
- VSS_VREF
- VREF_VREF
- VREF_VDD
Returns:
Undefined.
Function:
Set the positive and negative voltage reference for the Analog to Digital Converter
(ADC) uses.
491
Built-in Functions
Availability:
Only on devices with an ADC and has ANSELx, x being the port letter; registers for
setting which pins are analog or digital.
Requires:
Nothing
Examples:
setup_adc_reference(VSS_VREF);
Examples Files:
None
See Also:
set_analog_pins(), set_adc_channel(), read_adc(), setup_adc(), setup_adc_ports(),
ADC Overview
setup_at( )
Syntax:
setup_at(settings)
Parameters:
settings - the setup of the AT module. See the device's header file for all options.
Some typical options include:
at_enabled
at_disabled
at_multi_pulse_mode
at_single_pulse_mode
Returns:
----Function:
To setup the Angular Timer (AT) module.
Availability:
All devices with an AT module
Requires:
Constants defined in the device's .h file
492
Built-in Functions
Examples:
setup_at(AT_ENABLED|AT_MULTI_PULSE_MODE|AT_INPUT_ATIN);
See Also:
at_set_resolution(), at_get_resolution(), at_set_missing_pulse_delay(),
at_get_missing_pulse_delay(), at_get_period(), at_get_phase_counter(),
at_set_set_point(), at_get_set_point(), at_get_set_point_error(), at_enable_interrupts(),
at_disable_interrupts(), at_clear_interrupts(), at_interrupt_active(), at_setup_cc(),
at_set_compare_time(), at_get_capture(), at_get_status()
setup_capture( )
Syntax:
setup_capture(x, mode)
Parameters:
x - is 1-16 and defines which input capture module is being configured
mode - is defined by the constants in the devices .h file
Returns:
----Function:
This function specifies how the input capture module is going to function based on the
value of mode. The device specific options are listed in the device .h file
Availability:
Only available on devices with Input Capture modules
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_timer3(TMR_INTERNAL | TMR_DIV_BY_8);
setup_capture(2, CAPTURE_FE | CAPTURE_TIMER3);
while(TRUE) {
timerValue = get_capture(2, TRUE);
printf(“Capture 2 occurred at: %LU”, timerValue);
}
493
Built-in Functions
See Also:
get_capture( ), setup_compare( ), Input Capture Overview
setup_ccp1( ) setup_ccp2( ) setup_ccp3( ) setup_ccp4( )
setup_ccp5( ) setup_ccp6( ) setup_ccp8( ) setup_ccp9( )
setup_ccp10( )
Syntax:
setup_ccp1 (mode) or setup_ccp1 (mode, pwm)
setup_ccp2 (mode) or setup_ccp2 (mode, pwm)
setup_ccp3 (mode) or setup_ccp3 (mode, pwm)
setup_ccp5 (mode) or setup_ccp5 (mode, pwm)
setup_ccp6 (mode) or setup_ccp6 (mode, pwm)
[PCD] setup_ccpx(mode,[pwm]);//PIC24FxxKLxxx devices
[PCD] setup_ccpx(mode1,[mode2],[mode3],[dead_time]);//PIC24FxxKMxxx devices
Parameters:
mode - is a constant. Valid constants are defined in the devices .h file and refer to
devices .h file for all options; some options are as follows:
Disable the CCP
CCP_CAPUTURE_FE
CCP_CAPUTURE_RE
CCP_CAPUTURE_DIV_4
CCP_CAPUTURE_DIV_16
Set CCP to Capture Mode:
CCP_CAPUTURE_SET_ON_MATCH
CCP_CAPUTURE_CLR_ON_MATCH
CCP_CAPUTURE_INT
CCP_CAPUTURE_RESET_TIMER
Set to CCP to PWM Mode:
CCP_PWM
Capture on falling edge
Capture on rising edge
Capture after 4 pulses
Capture after 16 pulses
Output high on compare
Output low on compare
Interrupt on compare
Reset timer on compare
Enable Pulse Width Modulator
Constants used for ECCP Modules:
CCP_PWM_H_H
CCP_PWM_H_L
CCP_PWM_L_H
CCP_PWM_L_L
CCP_PWM_FULL_BRIDGE
CCP_PWM_FULL_BRIDGE_REV
CCP_PWM_HALF_BRIDGE
494
Built-in Functions
CCP_SHUTDOWN_ON_COMP1
CCP_SHUTDOWN_ON_COMP2
CCP_SHUTDOWN_ON_COMP
CCP_SHUTDOWN_ON_INTO
CCP_SHUTDOWN_ON_COMP1_INTO
CCP_SHUTDOWN_ON_COMP2_INTO
CCP_SHUTDOWN_ON_COMP_INTO
change
Shutdown on Comparator 1 change
Shutdown on Comparator 2 change
Either Comparator 1 or 2 change
VIL on INT pin
VIL on INT pin or Comparator 1 change
VIL on INT pin or Comparator 2 change
VIL on INT pin or Comparator 1 or 2
CCP_SHUTDOWN_AC_L
CCP_SHUTDOWN_AC_H
CCP_SHUTDOWN_AC_F
Drive pins A and C high
Drive pins A and C low
Drive pins A and D tri-state
CCP_SHUTDOWN_BD_L
CCP_SHUTDOWN_BD_H
CCP_SHUTDOWN_BD_F
Drive pins B and D high
Drive pins B and D low
Drive pins B and D tri-state
CCP_SHUTDOWN_RESTART
CCP_DELAY
Device restart after a shutdown event
Use the deadband delay
pwm parameter - is an optional parameter for chips that includes ECCP module. This
parameter allows setting the shutdown time. The value may be 0-255.
mode and mode1 - constants used for setting up the CCP module. Valid constants
are defined in the device's .h file; refer to the device's .h file for all options. Some typical
options are as follows:
[PCD]
CCP_OFF
CCP_COMPARE_INT_AND_TOGGLE
CCP_COMPARE_FE
CCP_COMPARE_RE
CCP_COMPARE_DIV_4
CCP_COMPARE_DIV_16
CCP_COMPARE_SET_ON_MATCH
CCP_COMPARE_CLR_ON_MATCH
CCP_COMPARE_INT
CCP_COMPARE_RESET_TIMER
CCP_PWM
mode2 is an optional parameter for setting up more settings of the CCP module.
Valid constants are defined in the device's .h file, refer to the device's .h file for all
options.
[PCD]
495
Built-in Functions
mode3 is an optional parameter for setting up more settings of the CCP module.
Valid constants are defined in the device's .h file, refer to the device's .h file for all
options.
[PCD]
pwm is an optional parameter for devices that have an ECCP module. this
parameter allows setting the shutdown time. The value may be 0-255.
[PCD]
dead_time is an optional parameter for setting the dead time when the CCP module
is operating in PWM mode with complementary outputs. The value may be 0-63, 0 is the
default setting if not specified.
[PCD]
Returns:
----Function:
Initialize the CCP. The CCP counters may be accessed using the long variables CCP_1
and CCP_2. The CCP operates in 3 modes. In capture mode it will copy the timer 1 count
value to CCP_x when the input pin event occurs. In compare mode it will trigger an action
when timer 1 and CCP_x are equal. In PWM mode it will generate a square wave. The
PCW wizard will help to set the correct mode and timer settings for a particular
application.
Initializes the CCP module. For PIC24FxxKLxxx devices the CCP module can
operate in three modes (Capture, Compare or PWM).
Capture Mode - the value of Timer 3 is copied to the CCPRxH and CCPRxl registers
when an input event occurs.
[PCD]
Compare Mode - will trigger an action when Timer 3 and the CCPRxL and CCPRxH
registers are equal.
PWM Mode - will generate a square wave, the duty cycle of the signal can be adjusted
using the CCPRxL register and the DCxB bits of the CCPxCON register. The function
set_pwmx_duty() is provided for setting the duty cycle when in PWM mode.
PIC24FxxKMxxx devices, the CCP module can operate in four mode (Timer, Caputure,
Compare or PWM). IN Timer mode, it functions as a timer. The module has to basic
modes, it can functions as two independent 16-bit timers/counters or as a single 32-bit
timer/counter. The mode it operates in is controlled by the option CCP_TIMER_32_BIT,
with the previous options added, the module operates as a single 32-bit timer, and if not
added, it operates as two 16-bit timers. The function set_timer_period_ccpx() is provided
to set the period(s) of the timer, and the functions set_timer_ccpx() and get_timer_ccpx()
are provided to set and get the current value of the timer(s).
496
Built-in Functions
In Capture mode, the value of the timer is captured when an input event occurs, it can
operate in either 16-bit or 32-bit mode. The functions get_capture_ccpx() and
get_capture32_ccpx() are provided to get the last capture value.
In Compare and PWM modes, the value of the timers is c ompared to one or two
compare registers, depending on its mode of operation, to generate a single output
transition or a train of output pulses. For signal output edge modes,
CCP_COMPARE_SET_ON_MATCH, CCP_COMPARE_CLR_ON_MATCH, and
CCP_COMPARE_TOGGLE, the module can operate in 16 or 32-bit mode, all other
modes can only operate in 16-bit mode. However, when in 32-bit mode the timer source
will only rollover when it reaches 0xFFFFFFFF or when reset from an external
synchronization source. Therefore, is a period of less than 0xFFFFFFFF is needed, as it
requires an external synchronization source to reset the timer. The functions
set_ccpx_compare_time() and set_pwmx_duty() are provided for setting the compare
registers.
Availability:
This function is only available on devices with CCP hardware.
[PCD] Only on devices with the MCCP and/or SCCP modules.
Requires:
Constants are defined in the devices .h file.
Examples:
setup_ccp1(CCP_CAPTURE_RE);
[PCD]
setup_ccp1(CCP_CAPTURE_FE);
setup_ccp1(CCP_COMPARE_TOGGLE);
setup_ccp1(CCP_PWM);
Example Files:
ex_pwm.c, ex_ccpmp.c, ex_ccp1s.c
See Also:
set_pwmX_duty(), set_ccpX_compare_time(), set_timer_period_ccpX(),
set_timer_ccpX(), get_timer_ccpX(), get_capture_ccpX(), get_captures32_ccpX()
setup_clc1() setup_clc2() setup_clc3() setup_clc4()
Syntax:
setup_clc1(mode);
setup_clc2(mode);
setup_clc3(mode);
setup_clc4(mode);_capture(x, mode)
497
Built-in Functions
Parameters:
mode – The mode to setup the Configurable Logic Cell (CLC) module into. See the
device's .h file for all options. Some typical options include:
CLC_ENABLED
CLC_OUTPUT
CLC_MODE_AND_OR
CLC_MODE_OR_XOR
Returns:
----Function:
Sets up the CLC module to performed the specified logic. Please refer to the device
datasheet to determine what each input to the CLC module does for the select logic
function
Availability:
Devices with a CLC module
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_clc1(CLC_ENABLED | CLC_MODE_AND_OR);
See Also:
clcx_setup_gate(), clcx_setup_input()
setup_comparator( )
Syntax:
setup_comparator (mode)
[PCD] setup_comparator (comparator, mode);
[PCD] setup_comparator (comparator, mode, [blanking_period]);
Parameters:
mode is a constant. Valid constants are in the devices .h file refer to devices .h file for
valid options. Some typical options are as follows:
A0_A3_A1_A2
A0_A2_A1_A2
NC_NC_A1_A2
NC_NC_NC_NC
498
Built-in Functions
A0_VR_A1_VR
A3_VR_A2_VR
A0_A2_A1_A2_OUT_ON_A3_A4
A3_A2_A1_A2
[PCD]
comparator - constant specifying which comparator to setup.
mode - constants specifying the settings to setup the specified comparator. See the
device's .h file for all options. Some typical options include:
CXINB_CXINA
CXINC_CSINA
CXIND_CXINA
CXINB_VREF
CXINC_VREF
CXIND_VREF
COMP_INVERT
COMP_OUTPUT
PCD] blanking_period - optional parameter available on devices with an Analog
Comparator with Slope Compensation DAC peripheral. See the device's header file for
availability. It sets the 10-bit blanking period for the comparator following changes to the
DAC output during Change-of-State.
[PCD]
Returns:
----Function:
Sets the analog comparator module. The above constants have four parts representing
the inputs: C1-, C1+, C2-, C2+
Configures the voltage comparator. The voltage comparators allow to compare two
voltages and find the greater of them. The configuration constants for this function
specify the sources for the comparator in the order Cx- and Cx+. The results of the
comparator modules are stored in CxOUT. COMP_INVERT will invert the result of the
comparator and COMP_OUTPUT will output the result to the comparator output pin.
[PCD]
Availability:
This function is only available on devices with an analog comparator.
[PCD] Devices with a comparator module.
Requires:
Constants are defined in the devices .h file
Examples:
//Sets up two independent
comparators (C1 and C2),
499
Built-in Functions
// C1 uses A0 and A3 as
inputs (- and +), and C2
// uses A1 and A2 as inputs
setup_comparator(A0_A3_A1_A2);
[PCD]
setup_comparator(1,CXINB_CXINA);
// setup C1
setup_comparator(2,CXINB_CXINA);
// setup C2
Example Files:
ex_comp.c
See Also:
Analog Comparator Overview, setup_comparator_filter(), setup_comparator_mask(),
setup_comparator_dac(), setup_comparator_slope()
setup_comparator_dac( )
[PCD]
Syntax:
[PCD] setup_comparator_dac(settings);
[PCD] setup_comparator_dac(settings, [tmode_time], [ss_time]);
Parameters:
[PCD] settings - constants specifying the settings to setup the comparator and DAC. See
the device's header file for defines that can be used with this parameter.
tmode_time - optional 10-bit value used the set the Transition Mode Duration, value
passed for this parameter should be less the ss-time parameter.
[PCD]
ss_time - optional 10-bit parameter used to set the time from Start of Transmission
Mode until Steady-State filter is enabled.
PCD]
Returns:
----Function:
[PCD] Used to setup the common settings for the Analog Comparator with Slope
Compensation DAC peripheral. Some common settings include enabling/disabling the
common DAC module, DAC clock source, comparator filter clock divider, etc.
Availability:
[PCD] Devices with the High-Speed Analog Comparator with the Slope Compensation DAC
peripheral. See the device's header file to determine if the function is available.
500
Built-in Functions
Requires:
----Examples:
[PCD]
setup_comparator_dac(COMP_COMMON_DAC_ENABLE |
COMP_DAC_CLK_SRC_FPLLO, 85, 138);
See Also:
Analog Comparator Overview, setup_comparator(), setup_comparator_slope(),
dac_write()
setup_comparator_filter( )
Syntax:
[PCD] setup_comparator (comparator, mode);
Parameters:
[PCD] comparator - constant specifying which comparator filter to setup.
mode - constants specifying the settings to setup the specified comparator's filter.
See the device's .h file for all options. Some typical options include:
COMP_FILTER_ENABLE
COMP_FILTER_CLK_T3
COMP_FILTER_CLK_T2
COMP_FILTER_CLK_FOSC
COMP_FILTER_CLK_INTERNAL
COMP_FILTER_CLK_DIV_BY_4
COMP_FILTER_CLK_DIV_BY_2
COMP_FILTER_CLK_DIV_BY_1
[PCD]
Returns:
----Function:
[PCD] Configures the voltage comparator's digital filter.
Availability:
[PCD] Devices with a comparator module that has a digital filter. See the device's header
file to determine if the device has a digital filter as part of the comparator module.
501
Built-in Functions
Requires:
Constants are defined in the devices .h file
Examples:
[PCD]
setup_comparator_filter(1,COMP_FILTER_ENABLE|
COMP_FILTER_CLK_FOSC|COMP_FILTER_CLK_DIV_BY_4);
See Also:
Analog Comparator Overview, setup_comparator(), setup_comparator_mask()
setup_comparator_mask( )
Syntax:
[PCD] setup_comparator_mask (comparator, mode, [input1], [input2], [input3]);
Parameters:
[PCD] comparator - constant specifying which comparator filter to setup.
mode - constants specifying the settings to setup the specified comparator's mask
registers. See the device's .h file for all options. Some typical options include:
COMP_MASK_COMP_HIGH
COMP_MASK_COMP_LOW
COMP_MASK_MAI_CONNECTED_TO_OR
COMP_MASK_INVERTED_MAI_CONNECTED_TO_OR
COMP_MASK_MAI_CONNECTED_TO_AND
COMP_MASK_INVERTED_MAI_CONNECTED_TO_AND
[PCD]
input1, input2, input3 - optional parameters specifying the inputs to mask. See the
device's .h file for all options. Some typical options include:
COMP_MASK_INPUT_PWM3H
COMP_MASK_INPUT_PWM3L
COMP_MASK_INPUT_PWM2H
COMP_MASK_INPUT_PWM2L
COMP_MASK_INPUT_PWM1H
COMP_MASK_INPUT_PWM1L
[PCD]
Returns:
----Function:
[PCD] Configures the voltage comparator's output blanking function.
502
Built-in Functions
Availability:
[PCD] Devices with a comparator module that has a output blanking function. See the
device's header file to determine if the device has an output blanking function as part of
the comparator module.
Requires:
Constants are defined in the devices .h file
Examples:
setup_comparator_mask(1,COMP_MASK_COMP_LOW|
COMP_MASK_MAI_CONNECTED_TO_AND, COMP_MASK_INPUT_PWM1H;
[PCD]
See Also:
Analog Comparator Overview, setup_comparator(), setup_comparator_filter()
[PCD]
setup_comparator_slope( )
Syntax:
[PCD] setup_comparator_slope(comparator, settings, rate);
Parameters:
PCD] comparator - constant specifying which comparator to setup.
settings - constants specifying the settings to setup the comparator and DAC. See
the device's header file for defines that can be used with this parameter.
[PCD]
[PCD]
rate - 16-bit value used to set slope ramp rate, the value is in 12.4 format.
Returns:
----Function:
[PCD] Used to setup the Analog Comparator with Slope Compensation DAC peripheral
slope settings.
Availability:
[PCD] Devices with the High-Speed Analog Comparator with the Slope Compensation DAC
peripheral. See the device's header file to determine if the function is available.
Requires:
-----
503
Built-in Functions
Examples:
setup_comparator_slope(1,COMP_ENABLE_SLOPE_FUNCTION |
COMP_SLOPE_START_SIG_PWM1_TRIG_1 |
COMP_SLOPE_STOP_B_SIG_COMP1 |
COMP_SLOPE_STOP_A_SIG_PWM1_TRIG_1, 500000);
[PCD]
See Also:
Analog Comparator Overview, setup_comparator(), setup_comparator_dac(), dac_write()
setup_comparator_x( )
Syntax:
setup_comparator_1(mode);
setup_comparator_2(mode);
setup_comparator_3(mode);
setup_comparator_4(mode);
setup_comparator_5(mode);
setup_comparator_6(mode);
setup_comparator_7(mode);
setup_comparator_8(mode);
Parameters:
mode - to setup the comparator in. Valid options are device dependent. See the
device's header file for all valid options.
Returns:
----Function:
Used to setup one of the Analog Comparator modules.
Availability:
On most devices that have more than three Analog Comparator modules.
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_comparator_1(CP1_A1_A0 | CP1_INVERT);
504
Built-in Functions
See Also:
setup_comparator( ), Analog Comparator
setup_compare( )
Syntax:
setup_compare(x, mode)
Parameters:
mode - is defined by the constants in the devices .h file
x - is 1-16 and specifies which OC pin to use.
Returns:
----Function:
This function specifies how the output compare module is going to function based on the
value of mode. The device specific options are listed in the device .h file.
Availability:
Available only on devices with Output Compare Modules
Requires:
----Examples:
// Pin OC1 will be set
when timer 2
// is equal to 0xF000
setup_timer2(TMR_INTERNAL | TIMER_DIV_BY_16);
set_compare_time(1, 0xF000);
setup_compare(1, COMPARE_SET_ON_MATCH | COMPARE_TIMER2);
See Also:
set_compare_time(), set_pwm_duty(), setup_capture(), Output Compare / PWM
Overview
setup_counters( )
Syntax:
setup_counters (rtcc_state, ps_state)
505
Built-in Functions
Parameters:
rtcc_state - may be one of the constants defined in the devices .h file.
RTCC_INTERNAL
RTCC_EXT_L_TO_H
RTCC_EXT_H_TO_L
ps_state - may be one of the constants defined in the devices .h file.
RTCC_DIV_2
RTCC_DIV_4
RTCC_DIV_8
RTCC_DIV_16
RTCC_DIV_32
RTCC_DIV_64
RTCC_DIV_128
RTCC_DIV_256
WDT_18MS
WDT_36MS
WDT_72MS
WDT_144MS
WDT_288MS
WDT_576MS
WDT_1152MS
WDT_2304MS
Returns:
----Function:
Sets up the RTCC or WDT. The rtcc_state determines what drives the RTCC. The PS
state sets a prescaler for either the RTCC or WDT. The prescaler will lengthen the cycle
of the indicated counter. If the RTCC prescaler is set the WDT will be set to WDT_18MS.
If the WDT prescaler is set the RTCC is set to RTCC_DIV_1.
This function is provided for compatibility with older versions. setup_timer_0 and
setup_WDT are the recommended replacements when possible. For PCB devices if an
external RTCC clock is used and a WDT prescaler is used then this function must be
used.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
Constants are defined in the devices .h file
506
Built-in Functions
Examples:
setup_counters (RTCC_INTERNAL, WDT_2304MS);
See Also:
setup wdt(), setup_timer 0(), see header file for device selected
setup_crc(mode)
Syntax:
setup_crc(polynomial terms)
Parameters:
polynomial - This will setup the actual polynomial in the CRC engine. The power of each
term is passed separated by a comma. 0 is allowed, but ignored. The following define is
added to the device's header file (32-bit CRC Moduel Only), to enable little-endian shift
direction:
CRC_LITTLE_ENDIAN
Returns:
----Function:
Configures the CRC engine register with the polynomial.
Availability:
Devices with built in CRC module
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_crc (12, 5);
setup_crc(16, 15, 3, 1);
X1+ 1
// CRC Polynomial is X12 + X5 + 1
// CRC Polynomial is X16 + X15 + X3 +
Example Files:
ex.c
See Also:
crc_init(); crc_calc(); crc_calc8()
507
Built-in Functions
setup_cog( )setup_cog2( )
setup_cog3( )
setup_cog4( )
Syntax:
setup_cog(mode, [shutdown]);
setup_cog(mode, [shutdown], [sterring]);
Parameters:
mode- the setup of the COG module. See the device's .h file for all options. Some typical
options include:
COG_ENABLED
COG_DISABLED
COG_CLOCK_HFINTOSC
COG_CLOCK_FOSC
shutdown- the setup for the auto-shutdown feature of COG module. See the device's .h
file for all the options. Some typical options include:
COG_AUTO_RESTART
COG_SHUTDOWN_ON_C1OUT
COG_SHUTDOWN_ON_C2OUT
steering- optional parameter for steering the PWM signal to COG output pins and/or
selecting the COG pins static level. Used when COG is set for steered PWM or
synchronous steered PWM modes. Not available on all devices, see the device's .h file if
available and for all options. Some typical options include:
COG_PULSE_STEERING_A
COG_PULSE_STEERING_B
COG_PULSE_STEERING_C
COG_PULSE_STEERING_D
Returns:
----Function:
Sets up the Complementary Output Generator (COG) module, the auto-shutdown feature
of the module and if available steers the signal to the different output pins.
Availability:
Devices with built in COG module
Requires:
-----
508
Built-in Functions
Examples:
setup_cog(COG_ENABLED | COG_PWM | COG_FALLING_SOURCE_PWM3 |
COG_RISING_SOURCE_PWM3, COG_NO_AUTO_SHUTDOWN,
COG_PULSE_STEERING_A | COG_PULSE_STEERING_B);
See Also:
set_cog_dead_band(), set_cog_phase(), set_cog_blanking(), cog_status(), cog_restart()
setup_cwg( ) setup_cwg2( ) setup_cwg3( )
Syntax:
setup_cwg(mode,shutdown,dead_time_rising,dead_time_falling)
Parameters:
mode - the setup of the CWG module. See the device's .h file for all options. Some
typical options include:
CWG_ENABLED
CWG_DISABLED
CWG_OUTPUT_B
CWG_OUTPUT_A
shutdown - the setup for the auto-shutdown feature of CWG module. See the device's
.h file for all the options. Some typical options include:
CWG_AUTO_RESTART
CWG_SHUTDOWN_ON)COMP1
CWG_SHUTDOWN_ON_FLT
CWG_SHUTDOWN_ON_CLC2
dead_time_rising - value specifying the dead time between A and B on the rising edge.
(0-63)
dead_time_rising - value specifying the dead time between A and B on the falling edge.
(0-63)
Returns:
----Function:
Sets up the CWG module, the auto-shutdown feature of module and the rising and falling
dead times of the module.
Availability:
Devices with built in CWG module
509
Built-in Functions
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_cwg(CWG_ENABLED|CWG_OUTPUT_A|CWG_OUTPUT_B|CWG_INPUT_PWM1,CWG_SHUTDOWN_ON_F
LT,60,30);
See Also:
cwg_status( ), cwg_restart( )
[PCD]
setup_current_source()
Syntax:
setup_current_source(mode);
Parameters:
mode - setup the Constant Current Source module. Valid options are device dependent.
See the device's header file for all options.
Returns:
----Function:
Used to setup the Constant Current Source module.
Availability:
Devices that have a Constant Current Source module.
Requires:
-----Examples:
setup_current_source(CURRENT_SOURCE_ENABLED | CURRENT_SOURCE_D5);
setup_dac( )
Syntax:
setup_dac(mode);
setup_dac2(mode);
setup_dac3(mode);
510
Built-in Functions
setup_dac4(mode);
setup_dac5(mode);
setup_dac6(mode);
setup_dac7(mode);
setup_dac8(mode);
[PCD] setup_dac(mode, divisor);
[PCD] setup_dac(module, mode);
Parameters:
mode - The mode to setup the DAC module in. The valid options vary depending on the
device. See the device's header file for all options.
[PCD]
divisor - Divides the provided clock.
[PCD]
module - DAC module setup.
Returns:
----Function:
Setup the DAC module.
Availability:
Devices with a digital-to-analog converter (DAC).
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_dac(DAC_VSS_VDD | DAC_OUTPUT);
[PCD]
setup_dac(DAC_RIGHT_ON, 5);
setup_dac(1, DAC_ON)
See Also:
dac_write, DAC. See header file for selected device.
setup_dci( )
Syntax:
setup_dci(configuration, data size, rx config, tx config, sample rate);
511
Built-in Functions
Parameters:
configuration - Specifies the configuration the Data Converter Interface should be
initialized into, including the mode of transmission and bus properties. The following
constants may be combined ( OR’d) for this parameter:
CODEC_MULTICHANNEL
CODEC_I2S· CODEC_AC16
CODEC_AC20· JUSTIFY_DATA· DCI_MASTER
DCI_SLAVE· TRISTATE_BUS· MULTI_DEVICE_BUS
SAMPLE_FALLING_EDGE· SAMPLE_RISING_EDGE
DCI_CLOCK_INPUT· DCI_CLOCK_OUTPUT
data size – Specifies the size of frames and words in the transmission:
DCI_xBIT_WORD: x may be 4 through 16
DCI_xWORD_FRAME: x may be 1 through 16
DCI_xWORD_INTERRUPT: x may be 1 through 4
rx config- Specifies which words of a given frame the DCI module will receive
(commonly used for a multi-channel, shared bus situation)
RECEIVE_SLOTx: x May be 0 through 15
RECEIVE_ALL· RECEIVE_NONE
tx config- Specifies which words of a given frame the DCI module will transmit on.
TRANSMIT_SLOTx: x May be 0 through 15
TRANSMIT _ALL
TRANSMIT _NONE
sample rate - The desired number of frames per second that the DCI module should
produce. Use a numeric value for this parameter. Keep in mind that not all rates are
achievable with a given clock. Consult the device datasheet for more information on
selecting an adequate clock.
Returns:
----Function:
Configures the DCI module.
Availability:
Only available on devices with DCI peripheral.
Requires:
Constants are defined in the devices .h file
512
Built-in Functions
Examples:
dci_initialize((I2S_MODE|DCI_MASTER|DCI_CLOCK_OUTPUT|SAMPLE_RISING_EDGE|UNDERFLO
W_LAST|
MULTI_DEVICE_BUS,DCI_1WORD_FRAME|DCI_16BIT_WORD|DCI_2WORD_INTERR
UPT,
RECEIVE_SLOT0|RECEIVE_SLOT1, TRANSMIT_SLOT0|TRANSMIT_SLOT1, 44100
);
See Also:
DCI Overview, dci start( ), dci write( ), dci read( ), dci transmit ready( ), dci data received()
setup_dedicated_adc( )
Syntax:
setup_dedicated_adc(core, mode);
Parameters:
core - the dedicated ADC core to setup
mode - the mode to setup the dedicated ADC core in. See the device's .h file all options.
Some typical options include:
ADC_DEDICATED_CLOCK_DIV_2
ADC_DEDICATED_CLOCK_DIV_6
ADC_DEDICATED_TAD_MUL_2
ADC_DEDICATED_TAD_MUL_3
Returns:
----Function:
Configures one of the dedicated ADC core's clock speed and sample time.
Function should be called after the setup_adc() function.
Availability:
Only available on dsPIC33EPxxGSxxx family of devices.
Requires:
Constants are defined in the devices .h file
Examples:
setup_dedicated_adc(0,ADC_DEDICATED_CLOCK_DIV_2|ADC_DEDICATED_TA
D_MUL_1025)
513
Built-in Functions
See Also:
setup_adc(), setup_adc_ports(), set_adc_channel(), read_adc(), adc_done(),
set_dedicated_adc_channel(), ADC Overview
setup_dma( )
Syntax:
setup_dma(channel, start_trigger, abort_trigger);
[PCD] setup_dma(channel, peripheral,mode);
[PCD] setup_dma(channel, trigger, mode);
Parameters:
channel -The DMA channel to setup.
start_trigger - The trigger source to cause the DMA channel to start the transfer when
HW trigger is enabled. See header file for all possible sources.
abort_trigger - The trigger source to cause the DMA channel to abort the transfer when
HW abort trigger is enabled. See header file for all possible sources.
peripheral - The peripheral that the DMA channel transfers data to and from.
Constants for setting the trigger source are defined in the device's .h file, see header file
for all possible peripherals.
[PCD]
trigger - The trigger source to cause the DMA channel to start the transfer.
Constants for setting the trigger source are defined in the device's header file, see
header file for all possible sources.
[PCD]
mode - The mode to use for the DMA transfers. Constants for setting the mode are
defined in the device's header file, see header file for all possible options.
[PCD]
Returns:
----Function:
Configures the DMA peripheral to copy data from one location to another.
Availability:
Devices that have a DMA peripheral. [PCD] The version of the function depends on the
type of DMA peripheral it has. Use getenv("DMA") to determine the type the device has.
It will return 0 for no DMA peripheral, 1 for Type 1 and 2 for Type 2. For devices with
514
Built-in Functions
Type 1 uses first version of the function and for devices with Type 2 uses second version
of the function.
Requires:
----Examples:
[PCD]
setup_dma(0,DMA_IN_UART1,DMA_BYTE);
setup_dma(0,DMA_TRIGGER_RDA,DMA_BYTE|
DMA_RELOAD_ADDRESS);
// Type 1
// Type 2
setup_dma(1, DMA_TRIGGER_RDA, DMA_TRIGGER_NONE);
Example Files:
ex_dma_uart_rx.c
See Also:
dma_start(), dma_status()
setup_dmt( )
Syntax:
setup_dmt(mode, max_time, window_time);
Parameters:
mode - This sets if whether the DMT is always enabled or can be enabled and disabled
in software. The following defines are made in the device's header file for setting the
following:
DMT_SOFTWARE // DMT can be enabled and disabled in software.
DMT_ENABLED
// DMT is ways enabled.
max_time - A 32-bit constant value for setting the count that causes a DMT event to
occur.
window_time - A 32-bit constant value for setting the count value at which it is possible
to clear the DMT count value.
Returns:
-----
515
Built-in Functions
Function:
Sets up the Deadman Timer (DMT) peripheral. This function does not generate any
assembly code, it only causes the DMT configuration fuses to be set to the specified
values.
Availability:
Only on devices that have the DMT peripheral.
Requires:
----Examples:
//Setup DMT peripheral to be enabled and disabled in software
//with a max count of 50000 and can be cleared after count
//reaches 10000.
setup_dmt(DMT_SOFTWARE, 50000, 10000);
See Also:
clear_dmt(), read_dmt(), disable_dmt(), enable_dmt(), dmt_status()
setup_dsm()
Syntax:
setup_dsm(enable);
setup_dsm2(enable);
setup_dsm3(enable);
setup_dsm4(enable);
setup_dsm(mode, source, carrier);
setup_dsm2(mode, source, carrier);
setup_dsm3(mode, source, carrier);
setup_dsm4(mode, source, carrier);
Parameters:
enable – a 1-bit constant used to enable and disable the DSM module. If 1 is passed as
the parameter, the DSMx module is enabled, and if 0 is passed as the parameter, the
DSM module is disabled.
mode - the mode to setup the DSM module. Valid options vary by device. See the
device's header file for all options.
source - used to set the signal source for the DSM module. Valid options vary by device.
See the device's header file for all options.
516
Built-in Functions
carrier - used to set the high and low level carriers for the DSM module. Valid options
vary by device. See the device's header file for all options.
Returns:
----Function:
Used to setup the DSM module.
Availability:
Devices that have a Data Signal Modulator (DSM) module
Requires:
-----Examples:
setup_dsm(DSM_ENABLED, DSM_SOURCE_U1TX, DSM_CARRIER_LOW_CCP1 |
DSM_CARRIER_HIGH_CCP2);
See Also:
Data Signal Modulator Overview
setup_external_memory( )
Syntax:
setup_external_memory(mode);
Parameters:
mode - is one or more constants from the device header file OR'ed together.
Returns:
----Function:
Sets the mode of the external memory bus.
Availability:
Devices that allow external memory bus.
Requires:
Constants are defined in the devices .h file
517
Built-in Functions
Examples:
setup_external_memory(EXTMEM_WORD_WRITE|EXTMEM_WAIT_0 );
setup_external_memory(EXTMEM_DISABLE);
See Also:
WRITE PROGRAM EEPROM() , WRITE PROGRAM MEMORY(), External Memory
Overview
setup_high_speed_adc( )
Syntax:
setup_external_memory(mode);
Parameters:
mode - Analog to digital mode. The valid options vary depending on the device. See the
devices .h file for all options. Some typical options include:
ADC_OFF
ADC_CLOCK_DIV_1
ADC_HALT_IDLE
(The ADC will not run when device is idle)
Returns:
----Function:
Configures the High-Speed ADC clock speed and other High-Speed ADC options
including, when the ADC interrupts occurs, the output result format, the conversion order,
whether the ADC pair is sampled sequentially or simultaneously, and whether the
dedicated sample and hold is continuously sampled or samples when a trigger event
occurs.
Availability:
dsPIC33FJxxGSxxx devices
Requires:
Constants are defined in the devices .h file
Examples:
setup_high_speed_adc_pair(0, INDIVIDUAL_SOFTWARE_TRIGGER);
setup_high_speed_adc(ADC_CLOCK_DIV_4);
read_high_speed_adc(0, START_AND_READ, result);
setup_high_speed_adc(ADC_OFF);
518
Built-in Functions
See Also:
setup_high_speed_adc_pair(), read_high_speed_adc(), high_speed_adc_done()
setup_high_speed_adc_pair( )
Syntax:
setup_high_speed_adc_pair(pair, mode);
Parameters:
pair – The High-Speed ADC pair number to setup, valid values are 0 to total number of
ADC pairs. 0 sets up ADC pair AN0 and AN1, 1 sets up ADC pair AN2 and AN3, etc.
mode – ADC pair mode. The valid options vary depending on the device. See the
devices .h file for all options. Some typical options include:
INDIVIDUAL_SOFTWARE_TRIGGER
GLOBAL_SOFTWARE_TRIGGER
PWM_PRIMARY_SE_TRIGGER
PWM_GEN1_PRIMARY_TRIGGER
PWM_GEN2_PRIMARY_TRIGGER
Returns:
----Function:
Sets up the analog pins and trigger source for the specified ADC pair. Also sets up
whether ADC conversion for the specified pair triggers the common ADC interrupt.
If zero is passed for the second parameter the corresponding analog pins will be set to
digital pins.
Availability:
dsPIC33FJxxGSxxx devices
Requires:
Constants are defined in the devices .h file
Examples:
setup_high_speed_adc_pair(0,INDIVIDUAL_SOFTWARE_TRIGGER);
setup_high_speed_adc_pair(1,GLOBAL_SOFTWARE_TRIGGER);
setup_high_speed_adc_pair(2,0)
//sets AN4 and AN5
as digital pins
519
Built-in Functions
See Also:
setup_high_speed_adc(), read_high_speed_adc(), high_speed_adc_done()
setup_hspwm( ) setup_hspwm_secondary( )
Syntax:
setup_hspwm(mode, value);
setup_hspwm_secondary(mode, value);
//if available
Parameters:
mode - Mode to setup the High Speed PWM module in. The valid options vary
depending on the device. See the device's .h file for all options. Some typical options
include:
HSPWM_ENABLED
HSPWM_HALT_WHEN_IDLE
HSPWM_CLOCK_DIV_1
value - 16-bit constant or variable to specify the time bases period.
Returns:
----Function:
Enable the High Speed PWM module and set up the Primary and Secondary Time base
of the module.
Availability:
Only on devices with a built-in High Speed PWM module (dsPIC33FJxxGSxxx,
dsPIC33EPxxxMUxxx, dsPIC33EPxxxMCxxx, and dsPIC33EVxxxGMxxx devices)
Requires:
Constants are defined in the device's .h file
Examples:
setup_hspwm(HSPWM_ENABLED | HSPWM_CLOCK_DIV_BY4, 0x8000);
See Also:
setup_hspwm_unit(), set_hspwm_phase(), set_hspwm_duty(), set_hspwm_event(),
setup_hspwm_blanking(), setup_hspwm_trigger(), set_hspwm_override(),
get_hspwm_capture(), setup_hspwm_chop_clock(), setup_hspwm_unit_chop_clock(),
setup_hspwm_secondary()
520
Built-in Functions
setup_hspwm_blanking( )
Syntax:
setup_hspwm_blanking(unit, settings, delay);
Parameters:
unit - The High Speed PWM unit to set.
settings - Settings to setup the High Speed PWM Leading-Edge Blanking. The valid
options vary depending on the device. See the device's header file for all options.
Some typical options include:
HSPWM_RE_PWMH_TRIGGERS_LE_BLANKING
HSPWM_FE_PWMH_TRIGGERS_LE_BLANKING
HSPWM_RE_PWML_TRIGGERS_LE_BLANKING
HSPWM_FE_PWML_TRIGGERS_LE_BLANKING
HSPWM_LE_BLANKING_APPLIED_TO_FAULT_INPUT
HSPWM_LE_BLANKING_APPLIED_TO_CURRENT_LIMIT_INPUT
delay - 16-bit constant or variable to specify the leading-edge blanking time.
Returns:
----Function:
Sets up the analog pins and trigger source for the specified ADC pair. Also sets up
whether ADC conversion for the specified pair triggers the common ADC interrupt.
If zero is passed for the second parameter the corresponding analog pins will be set to
digital pins.
Availability:
Only on devices with a built-in High Speed PWM module (dsPIC33FJxxGSxxx,
dsPIC33EPxxxMUxxx, dsPIC33EPxxxMCxxx, and dsPIC33EVxxxGMxxx devices)
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_hspwm_blanking(HSPWM_RE_PWMH_TRIGGERS_LE_BLANKING, 10);
521
Built-in Functions
See Also:
setup_hspwm_unit(), set_hspwm_phase(), set_hspwm_duty(), set_hspwm_event(),
setup_hspwm_blanking(), set_hspwm_override(), get_hspwm_capture(),
setup_hspwm_chop_clock(), setup_hspwm_unit_chop_clock()
setup_hspwm(), setup_hspwm_secondary(), setup_high_speed_adc(),
read_high_speed_adc(), high_speed_adc_done()
setup_hspwm_chop_clock( )
Syntax:
setup_hspwm_chop_clock(settings);
Parameters:
unit - The High Speed PWM unit to set.
settings - a value from 1 to 1024 to set the chop clock divider. Also one of the following
can be or'd with the value:
HSPWM_CHOP_CLK_GENERATOR_ENABLED
HSPWM_CHOP_CLK_GENERATOR_DISABLED
Returns:
----Function:
Setup and High Speed PWM Chop Clock Generator and divisor.
Availability:
Only on devices with a built-in High Speed PWM module (dsPIC33FJxxGSxxx,
dsPIC33EPxxxMUxxx, dsPIC33EPxxxMCxxx, and dsPIC33EVxxxGMxxx devices)
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_hspwm_chop_clock(HSPWM_CHOP_CLK_GENERATOR_ENABLED|32);
See Also:
setup_hspwm_unit(), set_hspwm_phase(), set_hspwm_duty(), set_hspwm_event(),
setup_hspwm_blanking(), setup_hspwm_trigger(), set_hspwm_override(),
get_hspwm_capture(), setup_hspwm_unit_chop_clock(), setup_hspwm(),
setup_hspwm_secondary()
522
Built-in Functions
setup_hspwm_current_limit( )
Syntax:
setup_hspwm_current_limit(unit, settings);
Parameters:
unit - The High-Speed PWM unit to setup.
settings - An int32 value to setup the PWM Generator Current Limit PCI registers. See
the device's header file for valid defines that can be used with function.
Returns:
----Function:
To setup the High-Speed PWM (HSPWM) Current Limit PCI registers.
Availability:
On devices that have the HSPWM peripheral with Fine Edge Placement. See the
device's header file to determine if functions are available.
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_hswm_current_limit(1, HSPWM_PCI_SRC_MASTER_PCI10 |
HSPWM_ACCEPTANCE_QUALIFIER_PWM_TRIGGERED |
HSPWM_TERMINATION_QUALIFIER_DUTY_CYCLE |
HSPWM_PCI_ACCEPTANCE_LATCHED_ANY_EDGE);
See Also:
setup_hspwm(), setup_hspwm_event_output_x(), setup_hspwm_logic_x(),
setup_hspwm_unit(), setup_hspwm_blanking(), setup_hspwm_event(),
setup_hspwm_fault(), setup_hspwm_feed_forward(), setup_hspwn_sync(),
set_hspwm_scaling(), set_hspwm_overrride(), set_hspwm_phase(),
set_hspwm_duty(), set_hspwm_period(), set_hspwm_duty_adjustment(),
set_hspwm_trigger_x(), get_hspwm_feedback(), get_hspwm_capture(),
get_hspwm_status(), hspwm_trigger_pwm(), hspwm_stop_pwm(), hspwm_do_capture(),
hspwm_update()
523
Built-in Functions
setup_hspwm_event( )
Syntax:
setup_hspwm_event(unit, settings_1, settings_h);
Parameters:
unit - The High-Speed PWM unit to setup.
settings_1 - An int16 constant value to setup the PWM Generator Event low register
settings. See the device's header file for valid defines that can be used with function.
settings_h - An int16 constant value to setup the PWM Generator Event high register
settings. See the device's header file for valid defines that can be used with function.
Returns:
----Function:
To setup the High-Speed PWM (HSPWM) Event registers.
Availability:
On devices that have the HSPWM peripheral with Fine Edge Placement. See the
device's header file to determine if functions are available.
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_hswm_EVENT(3, HSPWM_EVENT_TRIGGER_EOC |
HSPWM_EVENT_UPDATE_WRITE_TO_DUTY_CYCLE |
HSPWM_EVENT_ADC_TRIGGER_1_PGxTRIGB_SRC_ENABLED | 30,
HSPWM_EVENT_INTERRUPT_DISABLED |
HSPWM_EVENT_FEED_FORWARD_INTERRUPT_ENABLED | 10);
See Also:
setup_hspwm(), setup_hspwm_event_output_x(), setup_hspwm_logic_x(),
setup_hspwm_unit(), setup_hspwm_blanking(), setup_hspwm_fault(),
setup_hspwm_current_limit(),setup_hspwm_feed_forward(), setup_hspwn_sync(),
set_hspwm_scaling(), set_hspwm_overrride(), set_hspwm_phase(),
set_hspwm_duty(), set_hspwm_period(), set_hspwm_duty_adjustment(),
set_hspwm_trigger_x(), get_hspwm_feedback(), get_hspwm_capture(),
get_hspwm_status(), hspwm_trigger_pwm(), hspwm_stop_pwm(), hspwm_do_capture(),
hspwm_update()
524
Built-in Functions
setup_hspwm_fault( )
Syntax:
setup_hspwm_fault(unit, settings);
Parameters:
unit - The High-Speed PWM unit to setup.
settings - An int32 value to setup the PWM Generator Fault PCI registers. See the
device's header file for valid defines that can be used with function.
Returns:
----Function:
To setup the High-Speed PWM (HSPWM) Fault PCI registers.
Availability:
On devices that have the HSPWM peripheral with Fine Edge Placement. See the
device's header file to determine if functions are available.
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_hswm_fault(1, HSPWM_PCI_SRC_MASTER_PCI10 |
HSPWM_ACCEPTANCE_QUALIFIER_PWM_TRIGGERED |
HSPWM_TERMINATION_QUALIFIER_DUTY_CYCLE |
HSPWM_PCI_ACCEPTANCE_LATCHED_ANY_EDGE);
See Also:
setup_hspwm(), setup_hspwm_logic_x(), setup_hspwm_unit(), setup_hspwm_blanking(),
setup_hspwm_event(), setup_hspwm_fault(), setup_hspwm_current_limit(),
setup_hspwm_feed_forward(), setup_hspwn_sync(), set_hspwm_scaling(),
set_hspwm_overrride(), set_hspwm_phase(), set_hspwm_duty(), set_hspwm_period(),
set_hspwm_duty_adjustment(), set_hspwm_trigger_x(), get_hspwm_feedback(),
get_hspwm_capture(), get_hspwm_status(), hspwm_trigger_pwm(),
hspwm_stop_pwm(), hspwm_do_capture(), hspwm_update()
setup_hspwm_feed_forward( )
Syntax:
setup_hspwm_feed_forward(unit, settings);
525
Built-in Functions
Parameters:
unit - The High-Speed PWM unit to setup.
settings - An int32 value to setup the PWM Generator Feed Forward PCI registers. See
the device's header file for valid defines that can be used with function.
Returns:
----Function:
To setup the High-Speed PWM (HSPWM) Feed Forward PCI registers.
Availability:
On devices that have the HSPWM peripheral with Fine Edge Placement. See the
device's header file to determine if functions are available.
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_hswm_feed_forward(1, HSPWM_PCI_SRC_MASTER_PCI10 |
HSPWM_ACCEPTANCE_QUALIFIER_PWM_TRIGGERED |
HSPWM_TERMINATION_QUALIFIER_DUTY_CYCLE |
HSPWM_PCI_ACCEPTANCE_LATCHED_ANY_EDGE);
See Also:
setup_hspwm(), setup_hspwm_event_output_x(), setup_hspwm_logic_x(),
setup_hspwm_unit(),
setup_hspwm_blanking(), setup_hspwm_event(), setup_hspwm_fault(),
setup_hspwm_current_limit(),
setup_hspwn_sync(), set_hspwm_scaling(), set_hspwm_overrride(),
set_hspwm_phase(),
set_hspwm_duty(), set_hspwm_period(), set_hspwm_duty_adjustment(),
set_hspwm_trigger_x(),
get_hspwm_feedback(), get_hspwm_capture(), get_hspwm_status(),
hspwm_trigger_pwm(),
hspwm_stop_pwm(), hspwm_do_capture(), hspwm_update()
setup_hspwm_logic_x( )
Syntax:
setup_hspwm_logic_a(settings);
setup_hspwm_logic_b(settings);
526
Built-in Functions
setup_hspwm_logic_c(settings);
setup_hspwm_logic_d(settings);
setup_hspwm_logic_e(settings);
setup_hspwm_logic_f(settings);
Parameters:
settings - An int16 value to setup the PWM Logic control to. See the device's header file
for valid defines that can be used with function.
Returns:
----Function:
To setup the High-Speed PWM (HSPWM) Logic control registers.
Availability:
On devices that have the HSPWM peripheral with Fine Edge Placement. See the
device's header file to determine if functions are available.
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_hswm_logic_a(HSPWM_LOGIC_SRC1_PWM1H |
HSPWM_LOGIC_SRC2_PWM4H | HSPWM_LOGIC_SRC1_OR_SRC2 |
HSPWM_LOGIC_ASSIGNED_TO_PWM2);
See Also:
setup_hspwm(), setup_hspwm_event_output_x(), setup_hspwm_unit(),
setup_hspwm_blanking(), setup_hspwm_event(), setup_hspwm_fault(),
setup_hspwm_current_limit(),setup_hspwm_feed_forward(), setup_hspwn_sync(),
set_hspwm_scaling(), set_hspwm_overrride(), set_hspwm_phase(),
set_hspwm_duty(), set_hspwm_period(), set_hspwm_duty_adjustment(),
set_hspwm_trigger_x(), get_hspwm_feedback(), get_hspwm_capture(),
get_hspwm_status(), hspwm_trigger_pwm(), hspwm_stop_pwm(), hspwm_do_capture(),
hspwm_update()
setup_hspwm_sync( )
Syntax:
setup_hspwm_sync(unit, settings);
Parameters:
unit - The High-Speed PWM unit to setup.
527
Built-in Functions
settings - An int32 value to setup the PWM Generator Sync PCI registers. See the
device's header file for valid defines that can be used with function.
Returns:
----Function:
To setup the High-Speed PWM (HSPWM) Sync PCI registers.
Availability:
On devices that have the HSPWM peripheral with Fine Edge Placement. See the
device's header file to determine if functions are available.
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_hswm_sync(1, HSPWM_PCI_SRC_MASTER_PCI10 |
HSPWM_ACCEPTANCE_QUALIFIER_PWM_RIGGERED |
HSPWM_TERMINATION_QUALIFIER_DUTY_CYCLE |
HSPWM_PCI_ACCEPTANCE_LATCHED_ANY_EDGE);
See Also:
setup_hspwm(), setup_hspwm_event_output_x(), setup_hspwm_logic_x(),
setup_hspwm_unit(), setup_hspwm_blanking(), setup_hspwm_event(),
setup_hspwm_fault(), setup_hspwm_current_limit(),
setup_hspwm_feed_forward(), set_hspwm_scaling(), set_hspwm_overrride(),
set_hspwm_phase(), set_hspwm_duty(), set_hspwm_period(),
set_hspwm_duty_adjustment(), set_hspwm_trigger_x(),
get_hspwm_feedback(), get_hspwm_capture(), get_hspwm_status(),
hspwm_trigger_pwm(), hspwm_stop_pwm(), hspwm_do_capture(), hspwm_update(),
setup_hspwm_trigger( )
Syntax:
setup_hspwm_trigger(unit, [start_ delay], [divider], [trigger_value], [strigger_value]);
Parameters:
unit - The High Speed PWM unit to set.
start_delay - Optional value from 0 to 63 specifying then umber of PWM cycles to wait
before generating the first trigger event. For some devices, one of the following may be
optional or'd in with the value:
528
Built-in Functions
HSPWM_COMBINE_PRIMARY_AND_SECONDARY_TRIGGER
HSPWM_SEPERATE_PRIMARY_AND_SECONDARY_TRIGGER
divider - optional value from 1 to 16 specifying the trigger event divisor.
trigger_value - optional 16-bit value specifying the primary trigger compare time.
strigger_value - optional 16-bit value specifying the secondary trigger compare time.
Returns:
----Function:
Sets up the High Speed PWM Trigger event.
Availability:
Only on devices with a built-in High Speed PWM module (dsPIC33FJxxGSxxx,
dsPIC33EPxxxMUxxx, dsPIC33EPxxxMCxxx, and dsPIC33EVxxxGMxxx devices)
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_hspwm_trigger(1, 10, 1, 0x2000);
See Also:
setup_hspwm_unit(), set_hspwm_phase(), set_hspwm_duty(), set_hspwm_event(),
setup_hspwm_trigger(), set_hspwm_override(), get_hspwm_capture(),
setup_hspwm_chop_clock(), setup_hspwm_unit_chop_clock(), setup_hspwm(),
setup_hspwm_secondary()
setup_hspwm_unit( )
Syntax:
setup_hspwm_unit(unit, mode, [dead_time], [alt_dead_time]);
set_hspwm_duty(unit, primary, [secondary]);
Parameters:
unit - The High Speed PWM unit to set.
mode - Mode to setup the High Speed PWM unit in. The valid option vary depending on
the device. See the device's header file for all options. Some typical options include:
HSPWM_ENABLE
529
Built-in Functions
HSPWM_ENABLE_H
HSPWM_ENABLE_L
HSPWM_COMPLEMENTARY
HSPWM_PUSH_PULL
dead_time - Optional 16-bit constant or variable to specify the dead time for this PWM
unit, defaults to 0 if not specified.
alt_dead_time - Optional 16-bit constant or variable to specify the alternate dead time for
this PWM unit, default to 0 if not specified.
Returns:
----Function:
Sets up the specified High Speed PWM unit.
Availability:
Only on devices with a built-in High Speed PWM module (dsPIC33FJxxGSxxx,
dsPIC33EPxxxMUxxx, dsPIC33EPxxxMCxxx, and dsPIC33EVxxxGMxxx devices)
Requires:
Constants are defined in the device's .h file
Examples:
setup_hspwm_unit(1,HSPWM_ENABLE|SHPWM_COMPLEMENTARY, 100,100);
See Also:
set_hspwm_phase(), set_hspwm_duty(), set_hspwm_event(), setup_hspwm_blanking(),
setup_hspwm_trigger(), set_hspwm_override(), get_hspwm_capture(),
setup_hspwm_chop_clock(), setup_hspwm_unit_chop_clock(),
setup_hspwm(), setup_hspwm_secondary()
setup_hspwm_unit_chop_clock( )
Syntax:
setup_hspwm_unit_chop_clock(unit, settings);
Parameters:
unit - the High Speed PWM unit chop clock to setup.
530
Built-in Functions
settings - a settings to setup the High Speed PWM unit chop clock. The valid options
vary depending on the device. See the device's .h file for all options. Some typical
options include:
HSPWM_PWMH_CHOPPING_ENABLED
HSPWM_PWML_CHOPPING_ENABLED
HSPWM_CHOPPING_DISABLED
HSPWM_CLOP_CLK_SOURCE_PWM2H
HSPWM_CLOP_CLK_SOURCE_PWM1H
HSPWM_CHOP_CLK_SOURCE_CHOP_CLK_GENERATOR
Returns:
----Function:
Setup and High Speed PWM unit's Chop Clock
Availability:
Only on devices with a built-in High Speed PWM module (dsPIC33FJxxGSxxx,
dsPIC33EPxxxMUxxx, dsPIC33EPxxxMCxxx, and dsPIC33EVxxxGMxxx devices)
Requires:
Constants are defined in the device's .h file
Examples:
setup_hspwm_unit_chop_clock(1,HSPWM_PWMH_CHOPPING_ENABLED|
HSPWM_PWML_CHOPPIJNG_ENABLED|
HSPWM_CLOP_CLK_SOURCE_PWM2H);
See Also:
setup_hspwm_unit(), set_hspwm_phase(), set_hspwm_duty(), set_hspwm_event(),
setup_hspwm_blanking(), setup_hspwm_trigger(), set_hspwm_override(),
get_hspwm_capture(), setup_hspwm_chop_clock(), setup_hspwm(),
setup_hspwm_secondary()
setup_lcd( )
Syntax:
setup_lcd (mode, prescale, [segments0_31],[segments32_47]);
Parameters:
mode - may be any of the following constants to enable the LCD and may be or'ed with other
constants in the devices *.h file:
LCD_DISABLED, LCD_STATIC, LCD_MUX12, LCD_MUX13, LCD_MUX14
531
Built-in Functions
prescale - may be 1-16 for the LCD clock.
segments0-31 - may be any of the following constants or'ed together when using the PIC16C92X
series of chips::
SEG0_4, SEG5_8, SEG9_11, SEG12_15, SEG16_19, SEG20_26, SEG27_28, SEG29_31
ALL_LCD_PINS
When using the PIC16F/LF1xxx or PIC18F/LFxxxx series of chips, each of the segments are
enabled individually. A value of 1 will enable the segment, 0 will disable it and use the pin for
normal I/O operation.
segments 32-47 - when using a chip with more than 32 segments, this enables segments 32-47.
A value 1 will enable the segment, 0 will disable it. Bit 0 corresponds to segment 32 and bit 15
corresponds to segment 47.
Returns:
----Function:
Initialize the LCD Driver Module on the PIC16C92X and PIC16F/LF193X series of
devices.
Availability:
Only on devices with built-in LCD Driver Module hardware.
Requires:
Constants are defined in the devices .h file
Examples:
setup_lcd(LCD_MUX14|LCD_STOP_ON_SLEEP,2,ALL_LCD_PINS);
// PIC16C92X
setup_lcd(LCD_MUX13|LCD_REF_ENABLED|LCD_B_HIGH_POWER,0,0xFF0429)
;
// PIC16F/LF193X –
//Enables Segments
//0,3,5,10,16,17,18,
19,20,21,22,23
Example Files:
ex_92lcd.c
See Also:
lcd_symbol(), lcd_load(), lcd_contrast( ), Internal LCD Overview
532
Built-in Functions
setup_low_volt_detect( )
Syntax:
setup_low_volt_detect(mode)
Parameters:
mode may be one of the constants defined in the devices .h file.
LVD_LVDIN
LVD_45
LVD_42
LVD_40
LVD_38
LVD_36
LVD_35
LVD_33
LVD_30
LVD_28
LVD_27
LVD_25
LVD_23
LVD_21
LVD_19
One of the following may be or’ed(via |) with the above if high voltage detect is also
available in the device
LVD_TRIGGER_BELOW
LVD_TRIGGER_ABOVE
Returns:
----Function:
This function controls the high/low voltage detect module in the device. The mode
constants specifies the voltage trip point and a direction of change from that point
(available only if high voltage detect module is included in the device). If the device
experiences a change past the trip point in the specified direction the interrupt flag is set
and if the interrupt is enabled the execution branches to the interrupt service routine.
Availability:
Only available with devices that have the high/low voltage detect module.
Requires:
Constants are defined in the devices .h file
533
Built-in Functions
Examples:
setup_low_volt_detect( LVD_TRIGGER_BELOW | LVD_36 );
would trigger the
//This
//interrupt
when the voltage
//is below
3.6 volts
setup_motor_pwm( )
Syntax:
setup_motor_pwm(pwm,options, timebase);
setup_motor_pwm(pwm,options,prescale,postscale,timebase)
Parameters:
pwm - Defines the pwm module used.
Options - The mode of the power PWM module. See the devices .h file for all options
timebase - This parameter sets up the PWM time base pre-scale and post-scale.
prescale - This will select the PWM timebase prescale setting
postscale - This will select the PWM timebase postscale setting
Returns:
----Function:
Configures the motor control PWM module.
Availability:
Devices that have the motor control PWM unit.
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_motor_pwm(1,MPWM_FREE_RUN | MPWM_SYNC_OVERRIDES,
timebase);
See Also:
get motor pwm count(), set motor pwm event(), set motor unit(), set motor pwm duty()
534
Built-in Functions
setup_msi( )
Syntax:
setup_msi(settings);
Parameters:
settings - Setting to setup the MSI peripheral in. The available options depend on
whether the program is for the Master or Slave core of the device. See the device's
header file for valid defines that can be used with the function.
Returns:
----Function:
Sets up the Master Slave Interface (MSI).
Availability:
Only available on Dual Core devices.
Requires:
----Examples:
//Setup MSI to enable the Slave PIC, interrupt when 1st write to
//FIFO is done by other core, enable write FIFO and enable read FIFO.
setup_msi(MSI_SLAVE_ENABLE | MSI_FIFO_DATA_VALID_INT_ON_1ST_WRITE |
MSI_WRITE_FIFO_ENABLED | MSI_READ_FIFO_ENABLED);
See Also:
msi_write_mailbox(), msi_read_mailbox(), msi_status(), msi_read_fifo(),
msi_mailbox_status(),msi_write_fifo(), msi_fifo_status()
setup_nco( )
Syntax:
setup_nco(settings,inc_value)
Parameters:
settings - setup of the NCO module. See the device's .h file for all options. Some typical
options include:
NCO_ENABLE
NCO_OUTPUT
NCO_PULSE_FREQ_MODE
NCO_FIXED_DUTY_MODE
535
Built-in Functions
inc_value - value to increment the NCO 20 bit accumulator by.
Returns:
----Function:
Sets up the NCO module and sets the value to increment the 20-bit accumulator by.
Availability:
Devices with a NCO module.
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_nco(NCO_ENABLED|NCO_OUTPUT|NCO_FIXED_DUTY_MODE|NCO_CLOCK_F
OSC,8192);
See Also:
get_nco_accumulator( ), set_nco_inc_value( ), get_nco_inc_value( )
setup_opamp1( ) setup_opamp2( ) setup_opamp3( )
setup_opamp4( )
Syntax:
setup_opamp1(mode)
setup_opamp2(mode)
setup_opamp3(mode)
setup_opamp4(mode)
Parameters:
mode - The mode of the operation amplifier. See the devices .h file for all options.
Some typical options include:
OPAMP_ENABLED
OPAMP_DISABLED
Returns:
----Function:
Enables or Disables the internal operational amplifier peripheral of certain devices.
536
Built-in Functions
Availability:
Devices with a built-in operational amplifier (for example, PIC16F785)
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_opamp1(OPAMP_ENABLED);
setup_opamp2(OPAMP_DISABLED);
setup_opamp3(OPAMP_ENABLED | OPAMP_I_TO_OUTPUT);
setup_opamp1( ) setup_opamp2( ) setup_opamp3( )
setup_opamp4( )
Syntax:
setup_opamp1(mode)
setup_opamp2(mode)
setup_opamp3(mode)
setup_opamp4(mode)
Parameters:
mode - The mode of the operation amplifier. See the devices .h file for all options.
Some typical options include:
OPAMP_ENABLED
OPAMP_DISABLED
Returns:
----Function:
Enables or Disables the internal operational amplifier peripheral of certain devices.
Availability:
Devices with a built-in operational amplifier (for example, PIC16F785)
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_opamp1(OPAMP_ENABLED);
setup_opamp2(OPAMP_DISABLED);
setup_opamp3(OPAMP_ENABLED | OPAMP_I_TO_OUTPUT);
537
Built-in Functions
setup_oscillator( )
Syntax:
setup_oscillator(mode, finetune)
Parameters:
mode - is dependent on the chip. For example, some chips allow speed setting such as
OSC_8MHZ or OSC_32KHZ. Other chips permit changing the source like
OSC_TIMER1.
finetune - (only allowed on certain parts) is a signed int with a range of -31 to +31.
Returns:
Some devices return a state such as OSC_STATE_STABLE to indicate the oscillator is
stable.
Function:
This function controls and returns the state of the internal RC oscillator on some parts.
See the devices .h file for valid options for a particular device.
Note that if INTRC or INTRC_IO is specified in #fuses and a #USE DELAY is used for a
valid speed option, then the compiler will do this setup automatically at the start of main().
WARNING: If the speed is changed at run time the compiler may not generate the correct
delays for some built in functions. The last #USE DELAY encountered in the file is always
assumed to be the correct speed. You can have multiple #USE DELAY lines to control
the compilers knowledge about the speed.
Availability:
Devices with a OSCCON register.
Requires:
Constants are defined in the .h file.
Examples:
setup_oscillator( OSC_2MHZ );
See Also:
#FUSES, Internal oscillator Overview
[PCD]
Syntax:
setup_oscillator(mode, target [,source] [,divide] )
538
Built-in Functions
Parameters:
mode - is one of:
OSC_INTERNAL
OSC_CRYSTAL
OSC_CLOCK
OSC_RC
OSC_SECONDARY
target - is the target frequency to run the device it.
source - is optional. It specifies the external crystal/oscillator frequency. If omitted the
value from the last #USE DELAY is used. If mode is OSC_INTERNAL, source is an
optional tune value for the internal oscillator for devices that support it. If omitted a tune
value of zero will be used.
divide in - is optional. For devices that support it, it specifies the divide ration for the
Display Module Interface Clock. A number from 0 to 64 divides the clock from 1 to 17
increasing in increments of 0.25, a number from 64 to 96 divides the clock from 17 to 33
increasing in increments of 0.5, and a number from 96 to 127 divides the clock from 33 to
64 increasing in increments of 1. If omitted zero will be used for divide by 1.
Returns:
----Function:
Configures the oscillator with preset internal and external source configurations. If the
device fuses are set and #use delay() is specified, the compiler will configure the
oscillator. Use this function for explicit configuration or programming dynamic clock
switches. Please consult your target data sheets for valid configurations, especially when
using the PLL multiplier, as many frequency range restrictions are specified.
Availability:
All Devices.
Requires:
Constants are defined in the .h file.
Examples:
setup_oscillator( OSC_CRYSTAL, 4000000, 16000000);
setup_oscillator( OSC_INTERNAL, 29480000);
See Also:
setup_wdt( ), Internal Oscillator Overview
539
Built-in Functions
setup_pga( )
Syntax:
setup_pga(module,settings)
Parameters:
module - constant specifying the Programmable Gain Amplifier (PGA) to setup.
Returns:
----Function:
This function allows for setting up one of the Programmable Gain Amplifier modules.
Availability:
Devices with a Programmable Gain Amplifier module.
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_pga(PGA_ENABLED | PGA_POS_INPUT_PGAxP1 | PGA_GAIN_8X);
setup_pid( )
Syntax:
setup_pid([mode,[K1],[K2],[K3]);
Parameters:
mode - the setup of the PID module. The options for setting up the module are defined
in the device's header file as:
PID_MODE_PID
PID_MODE_SIGNED_ADD_MULTIPLY_WITH_ACCUMULATION
PID_MODE_SIGNED_ADD_MULTIPLY
PID_MODE_UNSIGNED_ADD_MULTIPLY_WITH_ACCUMULATION
PID_MODE_UNSIGNED_ADD_MULTIPLY
PID_OUTPUT_LEFT_JUSTIFIED
PID_OUTPUT_RIGHT_JUSTIFIED
K1 - optional parameter specifying the K1 coefficient, defaults to zero if not specified.
The K1 coefficient is used in the PID and ADD_MULTIPLY modes. When in PID mode
the K1 coefficient can be calculated with the following formula:
K1 = Kp + Ki * T + Kd/T
540
Built-in Functions
When in one of the ADD_MULTIPLY modes K1 is the multiple value.
K2 - optional parameter specifying the K2 coefficient, defaults to zero if not specified.
The K2 coefficient is used in the PID mode only and is calculated with the following
formula:
K2 = -(Kp + 2Kd/T)
K3 - optional parameter specifying the K3 coefficient, defaults to zero if not specified.
The K3 coefficient is used in the PID mode, only and is calculated with the following
formula:
K3 = Kd/T
T - is the sampling period in the above formulas.
Returns:
----Function:
Setup the Proportional Integral Derivative (PID) module, and to set the input coefficients
(K1, K2 and K3).
Availability:
Devices with built in PID module
Requires:
Constants are defined in the device's .h file.
Examples:
setup_pid(PID_MODE_PID, 10, -3, 50);
See Also:
pid_get_result(), pid_read(), pid_write(), pid_busy()
setup_pmp(option,address_mask)
Syntax:
setup_pmp(options,address_mask);
Parameters:
options - The mode of the Parallel Master Port that allows to set the Master Port mode,
read-write strobe options and other functionality of the PMPort module. See the device's
.h file for all options. Some typical options include:
PAR_PSP_AUTO_INC
541
Built-in Functions
PAR_CONTINUE_IN_IDLE
PAR_INTR_ON_RW
PAR_INC_ADDR
cycle
PAR_MASTER_MODE_1
PAR_WAITE4
// Interrupt on read write
// Increment address by 1 every read/write
// Master Mode 1
// 4 Tcy Wait for data hold after strobe
address_mask - this allows the user to setup the address enable register with a 16-bit
value. This value determines which address lines are active from the available 16
address lines PMA0:PMA15.
Returns:
----Function:
Configures various options in the PMP module. The options are present in the device's .h
file and they are used to setup the module. The PMP module is highly configurable and
this function allows users to setup configurations like the Slave module, Interrupt options,
address increment/decrement options, Address enable bits, and various strobe and delay
options.
Availability:
Devices with built in Parallel Master Port module.
Requires:
Constants are defined in the device's .h file.
Examples:
setup_psp(PAR_ENABLE|
PAR_MASTER_MODE_1|PAR_
STOP_IN_IDLE,0x00FF);
//Sets up Master mode with address
//lines PMA0:PMA7
See Also:
setup_pmp( ), pmp_address( ), pmp_read( ), psp_read( ), psp_write( ), pmp_write( ),
psp_output_full( ), psp_input_full( ), psp_overflow( ), pmp_output_full( ), pmp_input_full( ,
pmp_overflow( )
setup_power_pwm( )
Syntax:
setup_power_pwm(modes, postscale, time_base, period, compare,
compare_postscale, dead_time)
542
Built-in Functions
Parameters:
modes - values may be up to one from each group of the following:
PWM_CLOCK_DIV_4, PWM_CLOCK_DIV_16,
PWM_CLOCK_DIV_64, PWM_CLOCK_DIV_128
PWM_DISABLED, PWM_FREE_RUN, PWM_SINGLE_SHOT,
PWM_UP_DOWN, PWM_UP_DOWN_INT
PWM_OVERRIDE_SYNC
PWM_UP_TRIGGER,
PWM_DOWN_TRIGGER
PWM_UPDATE_DISABLE, PWM_UPDATE_ENABLE
PWM_DEAD_CLOCK_DIV_2,
PWM_DEAD_CLOCK_DIV_4,
PWM_DEAD_CLOCK_DIV_8,
PWM_DEAD_CLOCK_DIV_16
postscale - is an integer between 1 and 16. This value sets the PWM time base output
postscale.
time_base - is an integer between 0 and 65535. This is the initial value of the PWM base
period - is an integer between 0 and 4095. The PWM time base is incremented until it
reaches this number.
compare - is an integer between 0 and 255. This is the value that the PWM time base is
compared to, to determine if a special event should be triggered.
compare_postscale - is an integer between 1 and 16. This postscaler affects compare,
the special events trigger.
dead_time - is an integer between 0 and 63. This value specifies the length of an off
period that should be inserted between the going off of a pin and the going on of it is a
complementary pin.
Returns:
----Function:
Initializes and configures the motor control Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) module.
543
Built-in Functions
Availability:
Devices with motor control or power PWM module.
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_power_pwm(PWM_CLOCK_DIV_4|PWM_FREE_RUN|PWM_DEAD_CLOCK_DIV_4,1,100
00,1000,0,1,0);
See Also:
set_power_pwm_override(), setup_power_pwm_pins(), set_power_pwmX_duty()
setup_power_pwm_faults( )
Syntax:
setup_power_pwm_faults(mode);
Parameters:
mode - to setup the Power PWM faults. Valid options vary by device. See the device's
header file for all options.
Returns:
----Function:
Used to setup the power PWM faults for the Power Control PWM module.
Availability:
Devices with a Power Control PWM module.
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_power_pwm_faults(PWM_ENABLE_FLTA | PWM_AUTO_CLEAR_FLTA);
See Also:
set_power_pwm_override(), setup_power_pwm_pins(), set_power_pwmX_duty(),
setup_power_pwm( )
544
Built-in Functions
setup_power_pwm_pins( )
Syntax:
setup_power_pwm_pins(module0,module1,module2,module3)
Parameters:
For each module (two pins) specify:
PWM_PINS_DISABLED
PWM_ODD_ON
PWM_BOTH_ON'PWM_COMPLEMENTARY
Returns:
----Function:
Configures the pins of the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) device.
Availability:
Devices with motor control or power PWM module.
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_power_pwm_pins(PWM_PINS_DISABLED, PWM_PINS_DISABLED,
PWM_PINS_DISABLED,
PWM_PINS_DISABLED);
setup_power_pwm_pins(PWM_COMPLEMENTARY,
PWM_COMPLEMENTARY, PWM_PINS_DISABLED, PWM_PINS_DISABLED);
See Also:
setup_power_pwm(), set_power_pwm_override(),set_power_pwmX_duty()
setup_prgx()
Syntax:
setup_prg1(mode, current, rising_source, falling_source);
setup_prg2(mode, current, rising_source, falling_source);
setup_prg3(mode, current, rising_source, falling_source);
setup_prg4(mode, current, rising_source, falling_source);
545
Built-in Functions
Parameters:
mode - the mode to setup the PRGx module in. The valid options vary depending on the
device. See the device's header file for all options.
current - the current source/sink setting to set the PRGx module to and can be a value
from 0 to 31. When using a value from 0 to 15, the current is calculated as: 2+(current /
2) uA. When using a value from 16 to 31, the current is calculated as: 10+(current - 16)
uA.
rising_source - used to set the rising timing source. The valid options vary depending
on the device. See the device's header file for all options.
falling_source - used to set the falling timing source. The valid options vary depending
on the device. See the device's header file for all options.
Returns:
----Function:
Used to set the PRGx modules.
Availability:
Devices that have a Programmable Ramp Generator (PRG) module.
Requires:
-----Examples:
setup_prg1(PRG_ENABLED | PRG_INPUT_SOURCD_FVR, 16,
PRG_RISING_SOURCE_CCP1, PRG_RISING_SOURCE_CCP2);
See Also:
prgx_status( )
setup_psmc( )
Syntax:
setup_psmc(unit, mode, period, period_time, rising_edge, rise_time, falling_edge,
fall_time);
Parameters:
unit - is the PSMC unit number 1-4
546
Built-in Functions
mode - is one of:
PSMC_SINGLE
PSMC_PUSH_PULL
PSMC_BRIDGE_PUSH_PULL
PSMC_PULSE_SKIPPING
PSMC_ECCP_BRIDGE_REVERSE
PSMC_ECCP_BRIDGE_FORWARD
PSMC_VARIABLE_FREQ
PSMC_3_PHASE
For complementary outputs use a bar (|) and or in PSMC_COMPLEMENTARY
Normally the module is not started until the psmc_pins() call is made. To enable
immediately or in PSMC_ENABLE_NOW.
period - has three parts or'ed together. The clock source, the clock divisor and the
events that can cause the period to start.
Sources:
PSMC_SOURCE_FOSC
PSMC_SOURCE_64MHZ
PSMC_SOURCE_CLK_PIN
Divisors:
PSMC_DIV_1
PSMC_DIV_2
PSMC_DIV_4
PSMC_DIV_8
Events - Use any of the events listed below.
period_time - is the duration the period lasts in ticks. A tick is the above clock source
divided by the divisor.
rising_edge - is any of the following events to trigger when the signal goes active.
rise_time - is the time in ticks that the signal goes active (after the start of the period) if
the event is SMC_EVENT_TIME, otherwise unused.
falling_edge - is any of the following events to trigger when the signal goes inactive.
fall_time - is the time in ticks that the signal goes inactive (after the start of the period) if
the event is PSMC_EVENT_TIME, otherwise unused.
Events:
PSMC_EVENT_TIME
547
Built-in Functions
PSMC_EVENT_C1OUT
PSMC_EVENT_C2OUT
PSMC_EVENT_C3OUT
PSMC_EVENT_C4OUT
PSMC_EVENT_PIN_PIN
Returns:
----Function:
Initializes a PSMC unit with the primary characteristics such as the type of PWM, the
period, duty and various advanced triggers. Normally this call does not start the PSMC.
It is expected all the setup functions be called and the psmc_pins() be called last to start
the PSMC module. These two calls are all that are required for a simple PWM. The
other functions may be used for advanced settings and to dynamically change the signal.
Availability:
Devices with built in PSMC module.
Requires:
----Examples:
//Simple PWM, 10khz out on pin C0 assuming a 20mhz crystal
// Duty is initially set to 25%
setup_psmc(1, PSMC_SINGLE,PSMC_EVENT_TIME | PSMC_SOURCE_FOSC, 100,
PSMC_EVENT_TIME, 0,PSMC_EVENT_TIME, 25);
psmc_pins(1, PSMC_A);
See Also:
psmc_deadband(), psmc_sync(), psmc_blanking(), psmc_modulation(),
psmc_shutdown(), psmc_duty(), psmc_freq_adjust(), psmc_pins()
setup_psp(option,address_mask)
Syntax:
setup_psp (options,address_mask);
setup_psp(options);
548
Built-in Functions
Parameters:
Option - The mode of the Parallel slave port. This allows to set the slave port mode,
read-write strobe options and other functionality of the PMP/EPMP module. See the
devices .h file for all options. Some typical options include:
PAR_PSP_AUTO_INC
PAR_CONTINUE_IN_IDLE
PAR_INTR_ON_RW
// Interrupt on read write
PAR_INC_ADDR
// Increment address by 1 every read/write
cycle
PAR_WAITE4
// 4 Tcy Wait for data hold after strobe
address_mask - This allows the user to setup the address enable register with a 16 bit
or 32 bit (EPMP) value. This value determines which address lines are active from the
available 16 address lines PMA0: PMA15 or 32 address lines PMAO:PMA31 (EPMP
only)
Returns:
----Function:
Configures various options in the PMP/EPMP module. The options are present in the
device.h file and they are used to setup the module. The PMP/EPMP module is highly
configurable and this function allows users to setup configurations like the Slave mode,
Interrupt options, address increment/decrement options, Address enable bits and various
strobe and delay options.
Availability:
Devices with Parallel Port module or Enhanced Parallel Master Port module.
Requires:
Constants are defined in the devices .h file.
Examples:
setup_psp(PAR_PSP_AUTO_INC|
PAR_STOP_IN_IDLE,0x00FF );
increment
//Sets up legacy slave mode with
//read and write buffers auto
See Also:
psp_output_full(), psp_input_full(), psp_overflow(),
setup_pmp() , pmp_address() , pmp_read() , psp_read() , psp_write() , pmp_write()
,pmp_output_full() , pmp_input_full() , pmp_overflow()
[PCD]
549
Built-in Functions
setup_pwm1( ) setup_pwm2( ) setup_pwm3( ) setup_pwm4( )
Syntax:
setup_pwm1(settings);
setup_pwm2(settings);
setup_pwm3(settings);
setup_pwm4(settings);
Parameters:
settings- setup of the PWM module. See the device's .h file for all options. Some typical
options include:
PWM_ENABLED
PWM_OUTPUT
PWM_ACTIVE_LOW
Returns:
----Function:
Initializes the Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) device.
Availability:
Devices with PWM module.
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_pwm1(PWM_ENABLED|PWM_OUTPUT);
setup_qei( )
Syntax:
setup_qei( options, filter, maxcount );
[PCD] setup_qei( [unit,]options, filter, maxcount );
Parameters:
Options - The mode of the QEI module. See the devices .h file for all options. Some
common options are:
QEI_MODE_X2
QEI_MODE_X4
filter - This parameter is optional, the user can enable the digital filters and specify the
clock divisor.
550
Built-in Functions
maxcount - Specifies the value at which to reset the position counter.
Options- The mode of the QEI module. See the devices .h file for all options. Some
common options are:
QEI_MODE_X2
QEI_TIMER_GATED
QEI_TIMER_DIV_BY_1
[PCD]
filter - This parameter is optional and the user can specify the digital filter clock
divisor.
[PCD]
[PCD]
maxcount - This will specify the value at which to reset the position counter.
unit - Optional unit number, defaults to 1.
Returns:
----[PCD]
Function:
Configures the Quadrature Encoder Interface. Various settings like mode and filters can
be setup.
Availability:
Devices with QEI module.
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_qei(QEI_MODE_X2|QEI_RESET_WHEN_MAXCOUNT,
EI_FILTER_ENABLE_QEA|QEI_FILTER_DIV_2,0x1000);
[PCD]
setup_qei(QEI_MODE_X2|QEI_TIMER_INTERNAL,QEI_FILTER_DIV_2,QEI_FORWARD)
;
See Also:
qei_set_count() , qei_get_count() , qei_status()
setup_rtc( )
Syntax:
setup_rtc(options, calibration);
551
Built-in Functions
[PCD]
setup_rtc(options, period, stability_time, sample_time); //RTCC with Timestamp
Parameters:
Options- The mode of the RTCC module. See the devices .h file for all options
Calibration- This parameter is optional and the user can specify an 8 bit value that will
get written to the calibration configuration register.
Period - RTCC with Timestamp, sets the period of the clock divider counter. Value
should be set to achieve a period of 0.5 seconds.
[PCD]
Stability_time - RTCC with Timestamp, sets the Power Control Stability Time (2255). This parameter is optional.
[PCD]
Sample_time - RTCC with Timestamp, sets the Power Control Sample Time
Window (2-255). This parameter is optional.
Returns:
----[PCD]
Function:
Configures the Real Time Clock and Calendar module. The module requires an external
32.768 kHz clock crystal for operation.
Availability:
Devices with RTCC module.
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_rtc(RTC_ENABLE | RTC_OUTPUT SECONDS, 0x00);
// Enable RTCC module with seconds clock and no
calibration
setup_rtc(RTC_ENABLE|RTC_CLOCK_SOSC, 16383);
// Enable RTCC with Timestamp module from an external
32.768Khz crystal
[PCD]
See Also:
rtc_read(), rtc_alarm_read(), rtc_alarm_write(), setup_rtc_alarm(), rtc_write(, setup_rtc()
552
Built-in Functions
setup_rtc_alarm( )
Syntax:
setup_rtc_alarm(options, mask, repeat);
Parameters:
options - The mode of the RTCC module. See the devices .h file for all options
mask - specifies the alarm mask bits for the alarm configuration.
repeat - Specifies the number of times the alarm will repeat. It can have a max value of
255.
Returns:
----Function:
Configures the alarm of the RTCC module.
Availability:
Devices with RTCC module.
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_rtc_alarm(RTC_ALARM_ENABLE, RTC_ALARM_HOUR, 3);
See Also:
rtc_read(), rtc_alarm_read(), rtc_alarm_write(), setup_rtc_alarm(), rtc_write(), setup_rtc()
setup_sd_adc( )
Syntax:
setup_sd_adc(settings1, settings 2, settings3);
Parameters:
settings1 - settings for the SD1CON1 register of the SD ADC module. See the device's
.h file for all options. Some options include:
1 SDADC_ENABLED
2 SDADC_NO_HALT
3 SDADC_GAIN_1
4 SDADC_NO_DITHER
553
Built-in Functions
5
6
SDADC_SVDD_SVSS
SDADC_BW_NORMAL
settings2 - settings for the SD1CON2 register of the SD ADC module. See the device's
.h file for all options. Some options include:
7 SDADC_CHOPPING_ENABLED
8 SDADC_INT_EVERY_SAMPLE
9 SDADC_RES_UPDATED_EVERY_INT
10 SDADC_NO_ROUNDING
settings3 - settings for the SD1CON3 register of the SD ADC module. See the device's
.h file for all options. Some options include:
11 SDADC_CLOCK_DIV_1
12 SDADC_OSR_1024
13 SDADC_CLK_SYSTEM
Returns:
----Function:
Setup the Sigma-Delta Analog to Digital Converter (SD ADC) module.
Availability:
Devices with SD ADC module.
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_sd_adc(SDADC_ENABLED | SDADC_DITHER_LOW,SDADC_CHOPPING_ENABLED |
SDADC_INT_EVERY_5TH_SAMPLE |SDADC_RES_UPDATED_EVERY_INT,
SDADC_CLK_SYSTEM |SDADC_CLOCK_DIV_4);
See Also:
set_sd_adc_channel(), read_sd_adc(), set_sd_adc_calibration()
[PCD]
setup_sent( )
Syntax:
setup_sent(module, settings, tick_time);
setup_sent(module, settings, tick_time, [frame_time]);
554
Built-in Functions
Parameters:
module - the SENT peripheral to setup, 1 or 2 for most devices.
settings - the mode to setup the SENT peripheral in. Constants for setting up the
peripheral are defined in the device's header file. See the device's header file for all the
possible options.
tick_time - the tick time to set the SENT peripheral to, value is a time in us from 3 to 90.
fame_time - optional parameter unless peripheral is set-up for transmitter mode and
sent_uses_pause_pulse is used in settings parameter. It is used to set the frame time
in us of the message.
Returns:
----Function:
Used to setup the Single-Edge Nibble Transmission (SENT) peripheral.
Availability:
Devices with a SENT peripheral.
Requires:
----Examples:
//Setup SENT1 peripheral for asynchronous transmitter
//mode with HW CRC generation enabled, pause pulse
//enabled, and to send 6 data nibbles with a tick time
//90us and a frame time of 50ms.
setup_sent(1, SENT_MODE_TRANSMITTER_ASYNCHRONOUS | SENT_ENABLE_HW_CRC |
SENT_USES_PAUSE_PULSE | SENT_DATA_NIBBLES_6, 90, 50000);
Example Files:
ex_sent_transmitter.c, ex_sent_receiver.c
See Also:
sent_getd( ), sent_putd( ), sent_status( )
setup_smtx( )
Syntax:
setup_smt1(mode,[period]);
555
Built-in Functions
setup_smt2(mode,[period]);
Parameters:
mode - The setup of the SMT module. See the device's .h file for all options. Some
typical options include:
SMT_ENABLED
SMT_MODE_TIMER
SMT_MODE_GATED_TIMER
SMT_MODE_PERIOD_DUTY_CYCLE_ACQ
period - Optional parameter for specifying the overflow value of the SMT timer, defaults
to maximum value if not specified.
Returns:
----Function:
Configures the Signal Measurement Timer (SMT) module.
Availability:
Devices with SMT module.
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_smt1(SMT_ENABLED | SMT_MODE_PERIOD_DUTY_CYCLE_ACQ|
SMT_REPEAT_DATA_ACQ_MODE | SMT_CLK_FOSC);
See Also:
smtx_status(), stmx_start(), smtx_stop(), smtx_update(), smtx_reset_timer(),
smtx_read(), smtx_write()
setup_spi( ) setup_spi2( ) setup_spi3( ) setup_spi4( )
Syntax:
setup_spi(mode)
setup_spi2(mode)
setup_spi3(mode)
setup_spi4(mode)
Parameters:
mode may be:
SPI_MASTER, SPI_SLAVE, SPI_SS_DISABLED
556
Built-in Functions
SPI_L_TO_H, SPI_H_TO_L
SPI_CLK_DIV_4, SPI_CLK_DIV_16,
SPI_CLK_DIV_64, SPI_CLK_T2
SPI_SAMPLE_AT_END, SPI_XMIT_L_TO_H
[PCD] SPI_MODE_16B, SPI_XMIT_L_TO_H
Constants from each group may be or'ed together with |
Returns:
----Function:
Initializes the Serial Port Interface (SPI). This is used for 2 or 3 wire serial devices that
follow a common clock/data protocol.
[PCD] Configures the hardware SPI™ module.
SPI_MASTER will configure the module as the bus master
SPI_SLAVE will configure the module as a slave on the SPI™ bus
SPI_SS_DISABLED will turn off the slave select pin so the slave module receives
any transmission on the bus.
SPI_x_to_y will specify the clock edge on which to sample and transmit data
SPI_CLK_DIV_x will specify the divisor used to create the SCK clock from system
clock.
Availability:
Devices with SPI hardware module.
Requires:
Constants are defined in the device's .h file
Examples:
setup_spi(spi_master |spi_l_to_h | spi_clk_div_16 );
setup_spi(SPI_MASTER | SPI_L_TO_H | SPI_DIV_BY_16);
Example Files:
ex_spi.c
See Also:
spi_write(), spi_read(), spi_data_is_in(), spi_set_txcnt(), SPI Overview
setup_timerx( )
Syntax:
setup_timerX(mode)
setup_timerX(mode,period)
557
Built-in Functions
Parameters:
mode - is a bit-field comprised of the following configuration constants:
TMR_DISABLED: Disables the timer operation.
TMR_INTERNAL: Enables the timer operation using the system clock. Without
divisions, the timer will increment on every instruction cycle. On PCD, this is half
the oscillator frequency.
TMR_EXTERNAL: Uses a clock source that is connected to the SOSCI/SOSCO
pins
TMR_EXTERNAL_SYNC: Uses a clock source that is connected to the
SOSCI/SOSCO pins. The timer will increment on the rising edge of the external
clock which is synchronized to the internal clock phases. This mode is available
only for Timer1.
TMR_EXTERNAL_RTC: Uses a low power clock source connected to the
SOSCI/SOSCO pins; suitable for use as a real time clock. If this mode is used, the
low power oscillator will be enabled by the setup_timer function. This mode is
available only for Timer1.
TMR_DIV_BY_X: X is the number of input clock cycles to pass before the timer is
incremented. X may be 1, 8, 64 or 256.
TMR_32_BIT: This configuration concatenates the timers into 32 bit mode. This
constant should be used with timers 2, 4, 6 and 8 only.
Period is an optional 16 bit integer parameter that specifies the timer period. The
default value is 0xFFFF.
Returns:
----Function:
Sets up the timer specified by X (May be 1 – 9). X must be a valid timer on the target
device.
Availability:
This function is available on all devices that have a valid timer X. Use getenv or refer to
the target datasheet to determine which timers are valid.
Requires:
Constants are defined in the device's .h file
558
Built-in Functions
Examples:
/* setup a timer that increments every 64th instruction cycle with an
overflow period of 0xA010 */
setup_timer2(TMR_INTERNAL | TMR_DIV_BY_64, 0xA010);
/* Setup another timer as a 32-bit hybrid with a period of 0xFFFFFFFF
and a interrupt that will be fired when that timer overflows*/
setup_timer4(TMR_32_BIT);
timer value
enable_interrupts(int_timer5);
the interrupt
//use get_timer45() to get the
//use the odd number timer for
See Also:
Timer Overview, setup_timerX(), get_timerXY(), set_timerX(), set_timerXY()
setup_timerA( )
Syntax:
setup_timer_A (mode);
Parameters:
mode values may be:
TA_OFF, TA_INTERNAL, TA_EXT_H_TO_L, TA_EXT_L_TO_H
TA_DIV_1, TA_DIV_2, TA_DIV_4, TA_DIV_8, TA_DIV_16, TA_DIV_32,
TA_DIV_64, TA_DIV_128, TA_DIV_256
Constants from different groups may be or'ed together with |.
Returns:
----Function:
Sets up Timer A.
Availability:
This function is only available on devices with Timer A hardware.
Requires:
Constants are defined in the device's .h file
Examples:
setup_timer_A(TA_OFF);
559
Built-in Functions
setup_timer_A(TA_INTERNAL | TA_DIV_256);
setup_timer_A(TA_EXT_L_TO_H | TA_DIV_1);
See Also:
get_timerA( ), set_timerA( ), TimerA Overview
setup_timerB( )
Syntax:
setup_timer_B (mode);
Parameters:
mode values may be:
TB_OFF, TB_INTERNAL, TB_EXT_H_TO_L, TB_EXT_L_TO_H
TB_DIV_1, TB_DIV_2, TB_DIV_4, TB_DIV_8, TB_DIV_16, TB_DIV_32,
TB_DIV_64, TB_DIV_128, TB_DIV_256
Constants from different groups may be or'ed together with |.
Returns:
----Function:
Sets up Timer B.
Availability:
This function is only available on devices with Timer B hardware.
Requires:
Constants are defined in the device's .h file
Examples:
setup_timer_B(TB_OFF);
setup_timer_B(TB_INTERNAL | TB_DIV_256);
setup_timer_B(TA_EXT_L_TO_H | TB_DIV_1);
See Also:
get_timerB( ), set_timerB( ), TimerB Overview
setup_timer0( )
Syntax:
setup_timer_0 (mode);
560
Built-in Functions
Parameters:
mode - constants defined in the device's .h file. Some typical defines are:
TO_INTERNAL
TO_EXT_L_TO_H
TO_EXT_H_TO_l
TO_DIV_2, TO_DIV_4
(See device's .h file for all possible defines.)
One constant may be used from each group or'ed together with the | operator.
Returns:
----Function:
Sets up the timer 0 (aka RTCC).
Availability:
All Devices. (WARNING: On older PIC16 devices, set-up of the prescaler may undo the
WDT prescaler)
Requires:
Constants are defined in the device's .h file
Examples:
setup_timer_0 (TO_INTERNAL|TO_DIV2);
See Also:
get_timer0(), set_timer0(), setup counters()
setup_timer1( )
Syntax:
setup_timer_1 (mode);
Parameters:
mode
T1_DISABLED, T1_INTERNAL, T1_EXTERNAL, T1_EXTERNAL_SYNC
T1_CLK_OUT
T1_DIV_BY_1, T1_DIV_BY_2, T1_DIV_BY_4, T1_DIV_BY_8
One constant may be used from each group or'ed together with the | operator.
561
Built-in Functions
Returns:
----Function:
Initializes timer 1. The timer value may be read and written to using SET_TIMER1() and
GET_TIMER1()Timer 1 is a 16 bit timer.
With an internal clock at 20mhz and with the T1_DIV_BY_8 mode, the timer will
increment every 1.6us. It will overflow every 104.8576ms.
Availability:
Available only on devices with timer 1 hardware.
Requires:
Constants are defined in the device's .h file
Examples:
setup_timer_1 ( T1_DISABLED );
setup_timer_1 ( T1_INTERNAL | T1_DIV_BY_4 );
setup_timer_1 ( T1_INTERNAL | T1_DIV_BY_8 );
See Also:
get_timer1(), set_timer1() , Timer1 Overview
setup_timer2( )
Syntax:
setup_timer_2 (mode, period, postscale);
Parameters:
mode
T2_DISABLED
T2_DIV_BY_1, T2_DIV_BY_4, T2_DIV_BY_16
period - is a int 0-255 that determines when the clock value is reset
postscale - is a number 1-16 that determines how many timer overflows before an interrupt: (1
means once, 2 means twice, an so on).
Returns:
-----
562
Built-in Functions
Function:
Initializes timer 2. The mode specifies the clock divisor (from the oscillator clock). The
timer value may be read and written to using GET_TIMER2() and SET_TIMER2(). 2 is a
8-bit counter/timer.
Availability:
Available only on devices with timer 2 hardware.
Requires:
Constants are defined in the device's .h file
Examples:
setup_timer_2 ( T2_DIV_BY_4, 0xc0, 2)
increment
//at 20mhz, the timer will
//every 800ns will overflow
every 154.4us,
//and will interrupt every
308.us
See Also:
get_timer2(), set_timer2() , Timer2 Overview
setup_timer3( )
Syntax:
setup_timer_3 (mode);
Parameters:
mode - may be one of the following constants from each group or'ed (via |) together:
T3_DISABLED, T3_INTERNAL, T3_EXTERNAL, T3_EXTERNAL_SYNC
T3_DIV_BY_1, T3_DIV_BY_2, T3_DIV_BY_4, T3_DIV_BY_8
Returns:
----Function:
Initializes timer 3 or 4.The mode specifies the clock divisor (from the oscillator clock).
The timer value may be read and written to using GET_TIMER3() and SET_TIMER3().
Timer 3 is a 16 bit counter/timer.
Availability:
Available only on devices with timer 3 hardware.
563
Built-in Functions
Requires:
Constants are defined in the device's .h file
Examples:
setup_timer_3 (T3_INTERNAL | T3_DIV_BY_2);
See Also:
get_timer3(), set_timer3()
setup_timer4( )
Syntax:
setup_timer_4 (mode);
Parameters:
mode - may be one of:
T4_DISABLED, T4_DIV_BY_1, T4_DIV_BY_4, T4_DIV_BY_16
period - is a int 0-255 that determines when the clock value is reset
postscale - is a number 1-16 that determines how many timer overflows before an
interrupt: (1 means once, 2 means twice, and so on).
Returns:
----Function:
Initializes timer 4. The mode specifies the clock divisor (from the oscillator clock). The
timer value may be read and written to using GET_TIMER4() and SET_TIMER4(). Timer
4 is a 8 bit counter/timer.
Availability:
Available only on devices with timer 4 hardware.
Requires:
Constants are defined in the device's .h file
Examples:
setup_timer_4 ( T4_DIV_BY_4, 0xc0, 2);
increment
// At 20mhz, the timer will
// every 800ns,will overflow
every 153.6us,
564
Built-in Functions
// and will interrupt every
307.2us
See Also:
get_timer4(), set_timer4()
setup_timer5( )
Syntax:
setup_timer_5 (mode);
Parameters:
mode - may be one or two of the constants defined in the devices .h file.
T5_DISABLED, T5_INTERNAL, T5_EXTERNAL, or T5_EXTERNAL_SYNC
T5_DIV_BY_1, T5_DIV_BY_2, T5_DIV_BY_4, T5_DIV_BY_8
T5_ONE_SHOT, T5_DISABLE_SE_RESET, or T5_ENABLE_DURING_SLEEP
Returns:
----Function:
Initializes timer 5. The mode specifies the clock divisor (from the oscillator clock).
The timer value may be read and written to using GET_TIMER5() and SET_TIMER5().
Timer 5 is a 16 bit counter/timer.
Availability:
Available only on devices with timer 5 hardware.
Requires:
Constants are defined in the device's .h file
Examples:
setup_timer_5 (T5_INTERNAL | T5_DIV_BY_2);
See Also:
get_timer5(), set_timer5(), Timer5 Overview
setup_uart( )
Syntax:
setup_uart(baud, stream)
setup_uart(baud)
565
Built-in Functions
setup_uart(baud, stream, clock)
Parameters:
baud - is a constant representing the number of bits per second. A one or zero may also
be passed to control the on/off status.
Stream - is an optional stream identifier.
Chips with the advanced UART may also use the following constants:
UART_ADDRESS UART only accepts data with 9th bit=1
UART_DATA UART accepts all data
Chips with the EUART H/W may use the following constants:
UART_AUTODETECT Waits for 0x55 character and sets the UART baud rate to
match.
UART_AUTODETECT_NOWAIT Same as above function, except returns before
0x55 is received. KBHIT() will be true when the match is made. A call to GETC()
will clear the character.
UART_WAKEUP_ON_RDA Wakes PIC up out of sleep when RCV goes from high
to low
clock - If specified this is the clock rate this function should assume. The default comes
from the #USE DELAY.
Returns:
----Function:
Similar to SET_UART_SPEED. If 1 is passed as a parameter, the UART is turned on,
and if 0 is passed, UART is turned off. If a BAUD rate is passed to it, the UART is also
turned on, if not already on.
Availability:
Available only on devices with built in UART.
Requires:
#USE RS232
Examples:
setup_uart(9600);
setup_uart(9600, rsOut);
See Also:
#USE RS232, putc(), getc(), RS232 I/O Overview
566
Built-in Functions
setup_vref( ) setup_vref2( )
Syntax:
setup_vref (mode | value)
Parameters:
mode - may be one of the following constants:
FALSE
(off)
VREF_LOW
for VDD*VALUE/24
VREF_HIGH
for VDD*VALUE/32 + VDD/4
any may be or'ed with VREF_A2.
value - is an int 0-15.
[PCD]
mode - is a bit-field comprised of the following constants:
VREF_DISABLED
VREF_LOW ( Vdd * value / 24)
VREF_HIGH ( Vdd * value / 32 + Vdd/4 )
VREF_ANALOG
Returns:
----Function:
Establishes the voltage of the internal reference that may be used for analog compares
and/or for output on pin A2.
[PCD] Configures the voltage reference circuit used by the voltage comparator.
The voltage reference circuit allows you to specify a reference voltage that the
comparator module may use. You may use the Vdd and Vss voltages as your reference
or you may specify VREF_ANALOG to use supplied Vdd and Vss. Voltages may also be
tuned to specific values in steps, 0 through 15. That value must be or’ed to the
configuration constants.
Availability:
This function is only available on devices with VREF hardware.
[PCD] Some devices, consult the device datasheet.
Requires:
[PCD] Constants are defined in the devices .h file
Examples:
567
Built-in Functions
setup_vref (VREF_HIGH | 6);
// At VDD=5, the voltage is 2.19V
/* Use the 15th step on the course setting */
setup_vref(VREF_LOW | 14);
[PCD]
Example Files:
ex_comp.c
See Also:
Voltage Reference Overview
setup_wdt( )
Syntax:
setup_wdt (mode)
Parameters:
Constants:
WDT_18MS
WDT_36MS
WDT_72MS
WDT_144MS
WDT_288MS
WDT_576MS
WDT_1152MS
WDT_2304MS
For some parts:
WDT_ON
WDT_OFF
.
[PCD] Mode is a bit-field comprised of the following constants:
WDT_ON
WDT_OFF
Specific Time Options vary between chips, some examples are:
WDT_2ms
WDT_64MS
WDT_1S
WDT_16S
Returns:
----568
Built-in Functions
Function:
Setup-wdt is used to set the timer that is allowed between calls to restart-wdt () before
the chip is reset. Some parts also allow the wdt to be enabled/disabled and to run time
by this function. Some parts do not allow the time to be changed at run time. The
watchdog timer is used to cause a hardware reset if the software appears to be stuck.
The timer must be enabled, the timeout time set and software must periodically restart
the timer.
Note: For PCH parts and PCM parts with software controlled WDT, setup_wdt( ) would
enable/disable watchdog timer only if NOWDT fuse is set. If WDT fuse is set, watchdog
timer is always enabled.
Note: WDT_OFF should not be used with any other options.
Warning: Some chips share the same prescaller between the WDT and Timer0. In these
cases a call to setup_wdt may disable the Timer0 prescaller.
Configures the watchdog timer. The watchdog timer is used to monitor the software.
If the software does not reset the watchdog timer before it overflows, the device is reset,
preventing the device from hanging until a manual reset is initiated. The watchdog timer
is derived from the slow internal timer.
[PCD]
Availability:
All Devices (WARNING: On older PIC16 devices, set-up of the prescaler may undo the
timer0 prescaler)
Requires:
Constants are defined in the devices .h file
Examples:
#fuses WDT1, WDT
PIC18 example
main() {
setup_wdt( WDT_18MS);
while (TRUE) {
restart_wdt();
perform_activity();
}
}
[PCD]
// PIC18 example, See restart_wdt for a
setup_wdt(WDT_ON);
569
Built-in Functions
Example Files:
[PCD] ex_wdt.c
See Also:
#FUSES , restart_wdt() , WDT or Watch Dog Timer Overview , Internal Oscillator
Overview
setup_zcd( )
Syntax:
setup_zdc(mode);
Parameters:
mode- the setup of the ZDC module. The options for setting up the module include:
ZCD_ENABLED
ZCD_DISABLED
ZCD_INVERTED
ZCD_INT_L_TO_H
ZCD_INT_H_TO_L
Returns:
----Function:
Set-up the Zero_Cross Detection (ZCD) module.
Availability:
Devices with a ZCD module.
Requires:
----Examples:
setup_zcd(ZCD_ENABLE|ZCD_INT_H_TO_L);
See Also:
zcd_status()
570
Built-in Functions
shift_left( )
Syntax:
shift_left (address, bytes, value)
Parameters:
address - is a pointer to memory.
bytes - is a count of the number of bytes to work with
value - is a 0 to 1 to be shifted in.
Returns:
0 or 1 for the bit shifted out
Function:
Shifts a bit into an array or structure. The address may be an array identifier or an
address to a structure (such as &data). Bit 0 of the lowest byte in RAM is treated as the
LSB.
Availability:
All Devices.
Requires:
----Examples:
byte buffer[3];
for(i=0; i 4);
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
----Examples:
x=0x45;
swap(x);
//x now is 0x54
[PCD]
int x = 0x42;
int result;
598
Built-in Functions
result = swap(x);
// result is 0x24;
See Also:
rotate_right(), rotate_left()
tolower( ) toupper( )
Syntax:
result = tolower (cvalue)
result = toupper (cvalue)
Parameters:
cvalue - is a character
Returns:
An 8 bit character
Function:
These functions change the case of letters in the alphabet.
TOLOWER(X) will return 'a'..'z' for X in 'A'..'Z' and all other characters are unchanged.
TOUPPER(X) will return 'A'..'Z' for X in 'a'..'z' and all other characters are unchanged.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
----Examples:
switch(
case
case
case
}
toupper(getc()) ) {
'R' : read_cmd(); break;
'W' : write_cmd(); break;
'Q' : done=TRUE;
break;
Example Files:
ex_str.c
touchpad_getc( )
Syntax:
input = TOUCHPAD_GETC( );
599
Built-in Functions
Parameters:
----Returns:
char (returns corresponding ASCII number is “input” declared as int)
Function:
Actively waits for firmware to signal that a pre-declared Capacitive Sensing Module
(CSM) or charge time measurement unit (CTMU) pin is active, then stores the predeclared character value of that pin in “input”.
Note: Until a CSM or CTMU pin is read by firmware as active, this instruction will cause
the microcontroller to stall.
Availability:
Devices with CSM or CTMU Module.
Requires:
#USE TOUCHPAD (options)
Examples:
//When the pad connected to PIN_B0 is activated, store the letter 'A'
#USE TOUCHPAD (PIN_B0='A')
void main(void){
char c;
enable_interrupts(GLOBAL);
c = TOUCHPAD_GETC();
is detected
//will wait until one of declared pins
//if PIN_B0 is pressed, c will get
value 'A'
}
See Also:
#USE TOUCHPAD, touchpad_state( )
touchpad_hit( )
Syntax:
value = TOUCHPAD_HIT( )
Parameters:
----Returns:
TRUE or FALSE
600
Built-in Functions
Function:
Returns TRUE if a Capacitive Sensing Module (CSM) or Charge Time Measurement Unit
(CTMU) key has been pressed. If TRUE, then a call to touchpad_getc() will not cause the
program to wait for a key press.
Availability:
Devices with CSM or CTMU Module.
Requires:
#USE TOUCHPAD (options)
Examples:
//When the pad connected to PIN_B0 is activated, store the letter 'A'
#USE TOUCHPAD (PIN_B0='A')
void main(void){
char c;
enable_interrupts(GLOBAL);
while (TRUE) {
if ( TOUCHPAD_HIT() )
pressed
c = TOUCHPAD_GETC();
}
}
//wait until key on PIN_B0 is
//get key that was pressed
//c will get value 'A'
See Also:
#USE TOUCHPAD, touchpad_state( ), touchpad_getc( )
touchpad_state( )
Syntax:
TOUCHPAD_STATE (state);
Parameters:
state - is a literal 0, 1, or 2.
Returns:
----Function:
Sets the current state of the touchpad connected to the Capacitive Sensing Module
(CSM). The state can be one of the following three values:
0 : Normal state
1 : Calibrates, then enters normal state
601
Built-in Functions
2 : Test mode, data from each key is collected in the int16 array TOUCHDATA
Note: If the state is set to 1 while a key is being pressed, the touchpad will not calibrate
properly.
Availability:
Devices with CSM or CTMU Module.
Requires:
#USE TOUCHPAD (options)
Examples:
#USE TOUCHPAD (THRESHOLD=5, PIN_D5='5', PIN_B0='C')
void main(void){
char c;
TOUCHPAD_STATE(1);
//calibrates, then enters normal
state
enable_interrupts(GLOBAL);
while(1){
c = TOUCHPAD_GETC();
//will wait until one of declared pins
is detected
}
//if PIN_B0 is pressed, c will get
value 'C'
}
//if PIN_D5 is pressed, c will get
value '5'
See Also:
#USE TOUCHPAD, touchpad_getc( ), touchpad_hit( )
tx_buffer_available( )
Syntax:
value = tx_buffer_available([stream]);
Parameters:
stream – optional parameter specifying the stream defined in #USE RS232.
Returns:
Number of bytes that can still be put into transmit buffer.
Function:
Function to determine the number of bytes that can still be put into transmit buffer before it
overflows. Transmit buffer is implemented has a circular buffer, so be sure to check to make sure
there is room for at least one more then what is actually needed.
602
Built-in Functions
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE RS232
Examples:
#USE_RS232(UART1,BAUD=9600,TRANSMIT_BUFFER=50)
void main(void) {
unsigned int8 Count = 0;
while(TRUE){
if(tx_buffer_available()>13)
printf("/r/nCount=%3u",Count++);
}
}
See Also:
_USE_RS232( ), tx_buffer_full( ), rcv_buffer_bytes( ),rcv_buffer_full( ), get( ), putc( )
,printf( ), setup_uart( ), putc_send( )
tx_buffer_bytes( )
Syntax:
value = tx_buffer_bytes([stream]);
Parameters:
stream – optional parameter specifying the stream defined in #USE RS232.
Returns:
Number of bytes in transmit buffer that still need to be sent.
Function:
Function to determine the number of bytes in transmit buffer that still need to be sent.
Availability:
All Devices
Requires:
#USE RS232
Examples:
#USE_RS232(UART1,BAUD=9600,TRANSMIT_BUFFER=50)
603
Built-in Functions
void main(void) {
char string[] = “Hello”;
if(tx_buffer_bytes()
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