W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
8-BIT MICROCONTROLLER
Table of Contents1
2
3
4
5
6
7
GENERAL DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................................... 4
FEATURES ................................................................................................................................. 5
PARTS INFORMATION LIST ..................................................................................................... 6
3.1
Lead Free (RoHS) Parts information list......................................................................... 6
PIN CONFIGURATIONS............................................................................................................. 7
PIN DESCRIPTIONS .................................................................................................................. 9
BLOCK DIAGRAM .................................................................................................................... 10
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION.................................................................................................. 11
7.1
On-Chip Flash EPROM ................................................................................................ 11
7.2
I/O Ports........................................................................................................................ 11
7.3
Serial I/O ....................................................................................................................... 11
7.4
Timers ........................................................................................................................... 11
7.4.1
7.5
7.6
7.7
Interrupts....................................................................................................................... 12
Data Pointers ................................................................................................................ 12
Architecture................................................................................................................... 12
7.7.1
7.7.2
7.7.3
7.7.4
7.7.5
7.7.6
7.7.7
8
10
11
12
13
ALU ................................................................................................................................12
Accumulator ...................................................................................................................12
B Register.......................................................................................................................12
Program Status Word .....................................................................................................12
Stack Pointer ..................................................................................................................13
Scratch-pad RAM ...........................................................................................................13
AUX-RAM.......................................................................................................................13
MEMORY ORGANIZATION...................................................................................................... 14
8.1
Program Memory (on-chip Flash) ................................................................................. 14
8.2
Scratch-pad RAM and Register Map ............................................................................ 14
8.2.1
8.2.2
8.2.3
8.2.4
9
Clock ..............................................................................................................................12
Working Registers ..........................................................................................................16
Bit addressable Locations ..............................................................................................16
Stack ..............................................................................................................................16
AUX-RAM.......................................................................................................................16
SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTERS ......................................................................................... 17
9.1
SFR Detail Bit Descriptions .......................................................................................... 19
INSTRUCTION.......................................................................................................................... 37
INSTRUCTION TIMING ............................................................................................................ 45
POWER MANAGEMENT.......................................................................................................... 46
12.1 Idle Mode ...................................................................................................................... 46
12.2 Power Down Mode ....................................................................................................... 46
RESET CONDITIONS............................................................................................................... 47
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Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
13.1
Sources of reset............................................................................................................ 47
13.1.1
13.1.2
13.1.3
13.1.4
14
13.2 Interrupt Sources .......................................................................................................... 48
13.3 Priority Level Structure ................................................................................................. 48
13.4 Interrupt Response Time .............................................................................................. 50
13.5 Interrupt Inputs.............................................................................................................. 50
PROGRAMMABLE TIMERS/COUNTERS ............................................................................... 52
14.1 Timer/Counters 0 & 1.................................................................................................... 52
14.2 Time-Base Selection..................................................................................................... 52
14.2.1
14.2.2
14.2.3
14.2.4
14.3
17
18
19
20
21
Capture Mode...............................................................................................................54
Auto-Reload Mode, Counting up ..................................................................................55
Baud Rate Generator Mode .........................................................................................56
WATCHDOG TIMER................................................................................................................. 57
SERIAL PORT .......................................................................................................................... 59
16.1 MODE 0 ........................................................................................................................ 59
16.2 MODE 1 ........................................................................................................................ 60
16.3 MODE 2 ........................................................................................................................ 61
F04KBOOT MODE (BOOT FROM 4K BYTES OF LDROM )................................................... 65
ISP(IN-SYSTEM PROGRAMMING) ......................................................................................... 67
CONFIG BITS ........................................................................................................................... 70
TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUITS ........................................................................................ 72
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS......................................................................................... 73
21.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings .......................................................................................... 73
21.2 D.C. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS .................................................................... 74
21.3 AC CHARACTERISTICS.............................................................................................. 75
21.4 TIMING waveforms....................................................................................................... 77
21.4.1
21.4.2
21.4.3
21.4.4
21.4.5
22
Mode 0 .........................................................................................................................52
Mode 1 .........................................................................................................................52
Mode 2 .........................................................................................................................53
Mode 3 .........................................................................................................................54
Timer/Counter 2 ............................................................................................................ 54
14.3.1
14.3.2
14.3.3
15
16
External Reset ..............................................................................................................47
Watchdog Timer Reset.................................................................................................47
Software Reset .............................................................................................................47
RESET STATE .............................................................................................................47
Program Fetch Cycle....................................................................................................77
Data Read Cycle ..........................................................................................................78
Data Write Cycle...........................................................................................................78
Port Access Cycle ........................................................................................................79
Reset Pin Access Cycle ...............................................................................................79
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS ......................................................................................................... 80
22.1 40-pin DIP ..................................................................................................................... 80
22.2 44-pin PLCC ................................................................................................................. 81
22.3 44-pin PQFP ................................................................................................................. 82
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W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
23
22.4 48-pin LQFP.................................................................................................................. 83
REVISION HISTORY ................................................................................................................ 89
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Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
1
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The W78E516D/W78E058D series is an 8-bit microcontroller which has an in-system programmable
Flash EPROM for on-chip firmware updating.
The instruction sets of the W78E516D/W78E058D are fully compatible with the standard 8052. The
W78E516D/W78E058D series contains a 64K/32K bytes of main Flash EPROM and a 4K bytes of
auxiliary Flash EPROM which allows the contents of the 64K/32K bytes main Flash EPROM to be updated by the loader program located in the 4K bytes Flash EPROM; a 256 bytes of SRAM; 256 bytes
of AUXRAM; four 8-bit bi-directional and bit-addressable I/O ports; an additional 4-bit port P4; three
16-bit timer/counters; a serial port. These peripherals are supported by an 8 sources 2-level interrupt
capability. To facilitate programming and verification, the Flash EPROM inside the
W78E516D/W78E058D series allows the program memory to be programmed and read electronically.
Once the code is confirmed, the user can protect the code for security.
The W78E516D/W78E058D series microcontroller has two power reduction modes, idle mode and
power-down mode, both of which are software selectable. The idle mode turns off the processor clock
but allows for continued peripheral operation. The power-down mode stops the crystal oscillator for
minimum power consumption. The external clock can be stopped at any time and in any state without
affecting the processor.
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W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
2
FEATURES
• Fully static design 8-bit CMOS microcontroller
• Optional 12T or 6T mode
12T Mode, 12 clocks per machine cycle operation (default), Speed up to 40 MHz/5V
6T Mode, 6 clocks per machine cycle operation set by the writer, Speed up to 20 MHz/5V
• Wide supply voltage of 2.4 to 5.5V
• Temperature grade is (-40oC~85oC)
• 64K/32K bytes of in-system programmable FLASH EPROM for Application Program (APROM)
• 4K bytes of auxiliary FLASH EPROM for Loader Program (LDROM)
• Low standby current at full supply voltage
• 512 bytes of on-chip RAM. (include 256 bytes of AUX-RAM, software selectable)
• 64K bytes program memory address space and 64K bytes data memory address space
• One 4-bit multipurpose programmable port, additional INT2 / INT3
• Support Watch Dog Timer
• Three 16-bit timer/counters
• One full duplex serial port
• 8-sources, 2-level interrupt capability
• Software Reset
• Built-in power management with idle mode and power down mode
• Code protection
• Packages:
- Lead Free (RoHS) DIP 40:
W78E516DDG
- Lead Free (RoHS) PLCC 44:
W78E516DPG
- Lead Free (RoHS) PQFP 44:
W78E516DFG
- Lead Free (RoHS) LQFP 48:
W78E516DLG
- Lead Free (RoHS) DIP 40:
W78E058DDG
- Lead Free (RoHS) PLCC 44:
W78E058DPG
- Lead Free (RoHS) PQFP 44:
W78E058DFG
- Lead Free (RoHS) LQFP 48:
W78E058DLG
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Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
3
PARTS INFORMATION LIST
3.1
Lead Free (RoHS) Parts information list
Table 3-1: Lead Free (RoHS) Parts information list
PART NO.
APROM
FLASH SIZE
LDROM
FLASH SIZE
RAM
PACKAGE
512 Bytes
DIP-40 Pin
512 Bytes
PLCC-44 Pin
W78E516DFG
512 Bytes
PQFP-44 Pin
W78E516DLG
512 Bytes
LQFP-48 Pin
W78E058DDG
512 Bytes
DIP-40 Pin
512 Bytes
PLCC-44 Pin
W78E058DFG
512 Bytes
PQFP-44 Pin
W78E058DLG
512 Bytes
LQFP-48 Pin
W78E516DDG
W78E516DPG
W78E058DPG
64K Bytes
32K Bytes
4K Bytes
4K Bytes
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Temperature
grade
-40oC~85oC
-40oC~85oC
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
PIN CONFIGURATIONS
4
DIP 40-pin
AD3, P0.3
AD2, P0.2
AD1, P0.1
AD0, P0.0
VDD
INT3, P4.2
T2, P1.0
T2EX, P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
6
5
4
3
2
1
44
43
42
41
40
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
P2.4, A12
P2.3, A11
P2.2, A10
P2.1, A9
P2.0, A8
P4.0
VSS
XTAL1
XTAL2
P3.7, RD
P3.6, WR
Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
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W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
AD3, P0.3
AD2, P0.2
AD1, P0.1
AD0, P0.0
VDD
INT3, P4.2
T2, P1.0
T2EX, P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7
RST
RXD, P3.0
INT2, P4.3
TXD, P3.1
INT0, P3.2
INT1, P3.3
T0, P3.4
T1, P3.5
1
33
2
32
3
31
4
30
5
29
PQFP 44-pin
6
28
7
27
8
26
9
25
10
24
11
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
P0.4, AD4
P0.5, AD5
P0.6, AD6
P0.7, AD7
EA
P4.1
ALE
PSEN
P2.7, A15
P2.6, A14
P2.5, A13
P2.4, A12
P2.3, A11
P2.2, A10
P2.1, A9
P2.0, A8
P4.0
VSS
XTAL1
XTAL2
P3.7, RD
P3.6, WR
AD2, P0.3
AD2, P0.2
AD1, P0.1
AD0, P0.0
VDD
INT3, P4.2
T2, P1.0
T2EX, P1.1
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
NC
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
1
36
2
35
3
34
4
33
5
32
6
31
LQFP 48-pin
7
30
8
29
9
28
10
27
11
26
12
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7
RST
P3.0
INT2, P4.3
P3.1
INT0, P3.2
INT1, P3.3
T0, P3.4
T1, P3.5
NC
NC
P2.4, A12
P2.3, A11
P2.2, A10
P2.1, A9
P2.0, A8
P4.0
VSS
XTAL1
XTAL2
P3.7, RD
P3.6, WR
-8-
NC
P0.4, AD4
P0.5, AD5
P0.6, AD6
P0.7, AD7
EA
P4.1
ALE
PSEN
P2.7, A15
P2.6, A14
P2.5, A13
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
5
PIN DESCRIPTIONS
SYMBOL
EA
TYPE
I
PSEN
O H
ALE
O H
RST
I L
XTAL1
I
XTAL2
VSS
VDD
P0.0−P0.7
O
I
I
I/O D
P1.0−P1.7
I/O H
P2.0−P2.7
I/O H
P3.0−P3.7
I/O H
DESCRIPTIONS
EXTERNAL ACCESS ENABLE: This pin forces the processor to execute the
external ROM. The ROM address and data will not be present on the bus if the
EA pin is high and the program counter is within the internal ROM area. Otherwise they will be present on the bus.
PROGRAM STORE ENABLE: PSEN enables the external ROM data in the
Port 0 address/data bus.
When internal ROM access is performed, no PSEN strobe signal outputs originate from this pin.
ADDRESS LATCH ENABLE: ALE is used to enable the address latch that
separates the address from the data on Port 0. ALE runs at 1/6th of the oscillator frequency. An ALE pulse is omitted during external data memory accesses.
RESET: A high on this pin for two machine cycles while the oscillator is running resets the device.
CRYSTAL 1: This is the crystal oscillator input. This pin may be driven by an
external clock.
CRYSTAL 2: This is the crystal oscillator output. It is the inversion of XTAL1.
GROUND: ground potential.
POWER SUPPLY: Supply voltage for operation.
PORT 0: Port 0 is an open-drain bi-directional I/O port. This port also provides a multiplexed low order address/data bus during accesses to external
memory.
PORT 1: Port 1 is a bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. The bits have
alternate functions which are described below:
T2(P1.0): Timer/Counter 2 external count input
T2EX(P1.1): Timer/Counter 2 Reload/Capture/Direction control
PORT 2: Port 2 is a bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. This port also
provides the upper address bits for accesses to external memory.
PORT 3: Port 3 is a bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. All bits have
alternate functions, which are described below:
RXD(P3.0): Serial Port 0 input
TXD(P3.1): Serial Port 0 output
INT0 (P3.2) : External Interrupt 0
INT1 (P3.3) : External Interrupt 1
T0(P3.4) : Timer 0 External Input
T1(P3.5) : Timer 1 External Input
WR (P3.6) : External Data Memory Write Strobe
P4.0−P4.3
I/O H
RD (P3.7) : External Data Memory Read Strobe
PORT 4: Another bit-addressable bidirectional I/O port P4. P4.3 and P4.2 are
alternative function pins. It can be used as general I/O port or external interrupt
input sources ( INT2 / INT3 ).
* Note : TYPE I: input, O: output, I/O: bi-directional, H: pull-high, L: pull-low, D: open drain
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Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
6
BLOCK DIAGRAM
Figure 6- 1 W78E516D/W78E058D Block Diagram
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W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
7
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
The W78E516D/W78E058D series architecture consists of a core controller surrounded by various
registers, four general purpose I/O ports, one special purpose programmable 4-bits I/O port, 512 bytes
of RAM, three timer/counters, a serial port. The processor supports 111 different op-codes and references both a 64K program address space and a 64 K data storage space.
7.1
On-Chip Flash EPROM
The W78E516D/W78E058D series includes one 64K/32K bytes of main FLASH EPROM for application program (APROM) and one 4K bytes of FLASH EPROM for loader program (LDROM) when operating the in-system programming feature. In normal operation, the microcontroller will execute the
code from the 64K/32K bytes of main FLASH EPROM. By setting program registers, user can force
microcontroller to switch to the programming mode which microcontroller will execute the code (loader
program) from the 4K bytes of auxiliary FLASH EPROM, and this loader program is going to update
the contents of the 64K/32K bytes of main FLASH EPROM. After reset, the microcontroller executes
the new application program in the main FLASH EPROM. This in-system programming feature makes
the job easy and efficient in which the application needs to update firmware frequently. In some applications, the in-system programming feature make it possible that the end-user is able to easily update
the system firmware by the them without opening the chassis.
7.2
I/O Ports
The W78E516D/W78E058D series has four 8-bit ports and one extra 4-bit port. Port 0 can be used as
an Address/Data bus when external program is running or external memory/device is accessed by
MOVC or MOVX instruction. In these cases, it has strong pull-ups and pull-downs, and does not need
any external pull-ups. Otherwise it can be used as a general I/O port with open-drain circuit. Port 2 is
used chiefly as the upper 8-bits of the Address bus when port 0 is used as an address/data bus. It also
has strong pull-ups and pull-downs when it serves as an address bus. Port1 and 3 act as I/O ports
with alternate functions. Port 4 is only available on PLCC/QFP/LQFP package type. It serves as a
general purpose I/O port as Port 1 and Port 3. Another bit-addressable bidirectional I/O port P4. P4.3
and P4.2 are alternative function pins. It can be used as general I/O port or external interrupt input
sources ( INT2 / INT3 ).
7.3
Serial I/O
The W78E516D/W78E058D series have one serial port that is functionally similar to the serial port of
the original 8032 family. However the serial port on the W78E516D/W78E058D series can operate in
different modes in order to obtain timing similarity as well.
7.4
Timers
Timers 0, 1, and 2 each consist of two 8-bit data registers. These are called TL0 and TH0 for Timer 0,
TL1 and TH1 for Timer 1, and TL2 and TH2 for Timer 2. The TCON and TMOD registers provide control functions for timers 0 and 1. The T2CON register provides control functions for Timer 2. RCAP2H
and RCAP2L are used as reload/capture registers for Timer 2.
The operations of Timer 0 and Timer 1 are the same as in the 8051 CPU. Timer 2 is a special feature
of the W78E516D/W78E058D series: it is a 16-bit timer/counter that is configured and controlled by
the T2CON register. Like Timers 0 and 1, Timer 2 can operate as either an external event counter or
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Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
as an internal timer, depending on the setting of bit C/T2 in T2CON. Timer 2 has three operating modes: capture, auto-reload, and baud rate generator. The clock speed at capture or auto-reload mode is
the same as that of Timers 0 and 1.
7.4.1 Clock
The W78E516D/W78E058D series are designed to be used with either a crystal oscillator or an external clock. Internally, the clock is divided by two before it is used by default. This makes the
W78E516D/W78E058D series relatively insensitive to duty cycle variations in the clock.
7.5
Interrupts
The Interrupt structure in the W78E516D/W78E058D series is slightly different from that of the standard 8052. Due to the presence of additional features and peripherals, the number of interrupt sources
and vectors has been increased. The W78E516D/W78E058D series provides 8 interrupt resources
with two priority level, including four external interrupt sources, three timer interrupts, serial I/O interrupts.
7.6
Data Pointers
The data pointer of W78E516D/W78E058D series is same as standard 8052 that have one 16-bit Data Pointer (DPTR).
7.7
Architecture
The W78E516D/W78E058D series are based on the standard 8052 device. It is built around an 8-bit
ALU that uses internal registers for temporary storage and control of the peripheral devices. It can execute the standard 8052 instruction set.
7.7.1 ALU
The ALU is the heart of the W78E516D/W78E058D series. It is responsible for the arithmetic and logical functions. It is also used in decision making, in case of jump instructions, and is also used in calculating jump addresses. The user cannot directly use the ALU, but the Instruction Decoder reads the
op-code, decodes it, and sequences the data through the ALU and its associated registers to generate
the required result. The ALU mainly uses the ACC which is a special function register (SFR) on the
chip. Another SFR, namely B register is also used Multiply and Divide instructions. The ALU generates
several status signals which are stored in the Program Status Word register (PSW).
7.7.2 Accumulator
The Accumulator (ACC) is the primary register used in arithmetic, logical and data transfer operations
in the W78E516D/W78E058D series. Since the Accumulator is directly accessible by the CPU, most
of the high speed instructions make use of the ACC as one argument.
7.7.3 B Register
This is an 8-bit register that is used as the second argument in the MUL and DIV instructions. For all
other instructions it can be used simply as a general purpose register.
7.7.4 Program Status Word
This is an 8-bit SFR that is used to store the status bits of the ALU. It holds the Carry flag, the Auxiliary
Carry flag, General purpose flags, the Register Bank Select, the Overflow flag, and the Parity flag.
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W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
7.7.5 Stack Pointer
The W78E516D/W78E058D series has an 8-bit Stack Pointer which points to the top of the Stack.
This stack resides in the Scratch Pad RAM in the W78E516D/W78E058D series. Hence the size of
the stack is limited by the size of this RAM.
7.7.6 Scratch-pad RAM
The W78E516D/W78E058D series has a 256 bytes on-chip scratch-pad RAM. This can be used by
the user for temporary storage during program execution. A certain section of this RAM is bit addressable, and can be directly addressed for this purpose.
7.7.7 AUX-RAM
AUX-RAM 0H~255H is addressed indirectly as the same way to access external data memory with the
MOVX instruction. The data memory region is from 0000H to 00FFH. Memory MAP shows the memory map for this product series. W78E516D/W78E058D series can read/write 256 bytes AUX RAM by
the MOVX instruction.
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Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
8
MEMORY ORGANIZATION
The W78E516D/W78E058D series separate the memory into two separate sections, the Program
Memory and the Data Memory. The Program Memory is used to store the instruction op-codes, while
the Data Memory is used to store data or for memory mapped devices.
Indirect
Addressing
RAM
80H
7FH
00H
FFFFH
FFFFH
FFH
SFRs Direct
Addressing
Only
Direct &
Indirect
Addressing
RAM
64K Bytes
External
Data
memory
64k
Bytes
On Chip
AP Flash
FFFH
FFH
00H
256 byte On Chip
AUX RAM
4K byte On Chip
LD ROM
0000H
0000H
0000H
Figure 8- 1 Memory Map
8.1
Program Memory (on-chip Flash)
The Program Memory on the W78E516D/W78E058D series can be up to 64K/32K bytes long. All instructions are fetched for execution from this memory area. The MOVC instruction can also access
this memory region.
8.2
Scratch-pad RAM and Register Map
As mentioned before the W78E516D/W78E058D series have separate Program and Data Memory
areas. There are also several Special Function Registers (SFRs) which can be accessed by software.
The SFRs can be accessed only by direct addressing, while the on-chip RAM can be accessed by
either direct or indirect addressing.
FFH
Indirect
RAM
Addressing
80H
7FH
00H
SFR
Direct
Addressing
Only
Direct
&
Indirect
RAM
Addressing
256 bytes RAM and SFR Data Memory Space
Figure 8- 2 W78E516D/W78E058D RAM and SFR Memory Map
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W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
Since the scratch-pad RAM is only 256bytes it can be used only when data contents are small. There
are several other special purpose areas within the scratch-pad RAM. These are illustrated in next figure.
FFH
Indirect RAM
80H
7FH
Direct RAM
30H
2FH
7F
7E
7D
7C
7B
7A
79
78
2EH
77
76
75
74
73
72
71
70
2DH
6F
6E
6D
6C
6B
6A
69
68
2CH
67
66
65
64
63
62
61
60
2BH
5F
5E
5D
5C
5B
5A
59
58
2AH
57
56
55
54
53
52
51
50
29H
4F
4E
4D
4C
4B
4A
49
48
28H
47
46
45
44
43
42
41
40
27H
3F
3E
3D
3C
3B
3A
39
38
26H
37
36
35
34
33
32
31
30
25H
2F
2E
2D
2C
2B
2A
29
28
24H
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
23H
1F
1E
1D
1C
1B
1A
19
18
22H
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
21H
0F
0E
0D
0C
0B
0A
09
08
20H
1FH
07
06
05
04
03
02
01
00
Bank 3
18H
17H
Bank 2
10H
0FH
Bank 1
08H
07H
Bank 0
00H
Figure 8- 3 Scratch-pad RAM
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Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
8.2.1 Working Registers
There are four sets of working registers, each consisting of eight 8-bit registers. These are termed as
Banks 0, 1, 2, and 3. Individual registers within these banks can be directly accessed by separate instructions. These individual registers are named as R0, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7. However, at
one time the W78E516D/W78E058D series can work with only one particular bank. The bank selection is done by setting RS1-RS0 bits in the PSW. The R0 and R1 registers are used to store the address for indirect accessing.
8.2.2 Bit addressable Locations
The Scratch-pad RAM area from location 20h to 2Fh is byte as well as bit addressable. This means
that a bit in this area can be individually addressed. In addition some of the SFRs are also bit addressable. The instruction decoder is able to distinguish a bit access from a byte access by the type of
the instruction itself. In the SFR area, any existing SFR whose address ends in a 0 or 8 is bit addressable.
8.2.3 Stack
The scratch-pad RAM can be used for the stack. This area is selected by the Stack Pointer (SP),
which stores the address of the top of the stack. Whenever a jump, call or interrupt is invoked the return address is placed on the stack. There is no restriction as to where the stack can begin in the
RAM. By default however, the Stack Pointer contains 07h at reset. The user can then change this to
any value desired. The SP will point to the last used value. Therefore, the SP will be incremented and
then address saved onto the stack. Conversely, while popping from the stack the contents will be read
first, and then the SP is decreased.
8.2.4 AUX-RAM
AUX-RAM 0H~255H is addressed indirectly as the same way to access external data memory with the
MOVX instruction. Address pointer are R0 and R1 of the selected register bank and DPTR register. A
access to external data memory locations higher than 255 will be performed with the MOVX instruction
in the same way as in the 8051. The AUX-RAM is disabled after power-on reset. Setting the bit 4 in
CHPCON register will enable the access to AUX-RAM.
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W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
9
SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTERS
The W78E516D/W78E058D series uses Special Function Registers (SFRs) to control and monitor
peripherals and their Modes. The SFRs reside in the register locations 80-FFh and are accessed by
direct addressing only. Some of the SFRs are bit addressable. This is very useful in cases where users wish to modify a particular bit without changing the others. The SFRs that are bit addressable are
those whose addresses end in 0 or 8. The W78E516D/W78E058D series contain all the SFRs present
in the standard 8052. However some additional SFRs are added. In some cases the unused bits in the
original 8052, have been given new functions. The list of the SFRs is as follows.
W78E516D/W78E058D Special Function Registers (SFRs) and Reset Values
F8
F0
E8
E0
D8
D0
C8
C0
B8
B0
A8
A0
98
90
88
80
+B
+ACC
+P4
+PSW
+T2CON
+XICON
+IP
+P3
+IE
+P2
+SCON
+P1
+TCON
+P0
CHPENR
RCAP2L
P4CONA
RCAP2H
P4CONB
TL2
SFRAL
TH2
SFRAH
SFRFD
P43AL
P42AL
P43AH
P42AH
P2ECON
P41AL
TH0
P40AL
P41AH
TH1
P40AH
AUXR
P0UPR
SFRCN
CHPCON
SBUF
TMOD
SP
TL0
DPL
TL1
DPH
WDTC
PCON
FF
F7
EF
E7
DF
D7
CF
C7
BF
B7
AF
A7
9F
97
8F
87
Figure 9-1: Special Function Register Location Table
Note: 1.The SFRs marked with a plus sign(+) are both byte- and bit-addressable.
2. The text of SFR with bold type characters are extension function registers.
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Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
Special Function Registers:
SYMBOL
DEFINITION
ADDRESS
CHPENR
Chip enable register
F6H
MSB
BIT ADDRESS, SYMBOL
LSB
RESET
1111 0110B
B
B register
F0H
(F7)
(F6)
(F5)
(F4)
(F3)
(F2)
(F1)
(F0)
0000 0000B
ACC
Accumulator
E0H
(E7)
(E6)
(E5)
(E4)
(E3)
(E2)
(E1)
(E0)
0000 0000B
P4
Port 4
D8H
P43
P42
P41
P40
0000 1111B
PSW
Program status word
D0H
0000 0000B
TH2
T2 reg. high
CDH
0000 0000B
TL2
T2 reg. low
CCH
0000 0000B
RCAP2H
T2 capture low
CBH
0000 0000B
RCAP2L
T2 capture high
CAH
T2CON
Timer 2 control
C8H
(D7)
(D6)
(D5)
(D4)
(D3)
(D2)
(D1)
(D0)
CY
AC
F0
RS1
RS0
OV
F1
P
0000 0000B
(CF)
(CE)
(CD)
(CC)
(CB)
(CA)
(C9)
(C8)
TF2
EXF2
RCLK
TCLK
EXEN2
TR2
C/T2
CP/RL2
0000 0000B
SFRCN
SFR for program control
C7H
0000 0000B
SFRFD
SFR for program data
C6H
0000 0000B
SFRAH
Port4 base address high register
C5H
0000 0000B
SFRAL
Port4 base address low register
C4H
0000 0000B
P4CONB
Port 4 control B
C3H
P43FUN1 P43FUN0 P43CMP1 P43COM0 P42FUN1 P42FUN0 P42CMP1 P42CMP2 0000 0000B
P4CONA
Port 4 control A
C2H
P41UN1
P41FUN0 P41CMP1 P41COM0 P40FUN1 P40FUN0 P40CMP1 P40CMP2 0000 0000B
XICON
External interrupt control
C0H
PX3
EX3
CHPCON
Chip Control
BFH
SWRESET
IP
Interrupt priority
B8H
(BF)
(BE)
(BD)
(BC)
(BB)
-
-
PT2
PS
PT1
IE3
IT3
PX2
EX2
IE2
IT2
0000 0000B
FBOOTSL
FPROGEN
XXX0
0000B[1]
(BA)
(B9)
(B8)
x000 0000B
PX1
PT0
PX0
ENAUXRA
M
P43AH
Port 4.3 comparator high address B5H
0000 0000B
P43AL
Port 4.3 comparator low address
B4H
0000 0000B
P3
Port 3
B0H
P2ECON
Port 2 expanded control
AEH
(B7)
(B6)
(B5)
(B4)
(B3)
(B2)
(B1)
(B0)
RD
WR
T1
T0
INT1
INT0
TXD
RXD
P43CSINV
P42CSIN P41CSIN P40CSIN V
V
V
-
1111 1111B
0000 0000B
P42AH
Port 4.2 comparator high address ADH
0000 0000B
P42AL
Port 4.3 comparator low address
ACH
0000 0000B
IE
Interrupt enable
A8H
P2
Port 2
A0H
SBUF
Serial buffer
99H
SCON
Serial control
98H
(AF)
(AE)
(AD)
(AC)
(AB)
(AA)
(A9)
(A8)
EA
-
ET2
ES
ET1
EX1
ET0
EX0
(A7)
(A6)
(A5)
(A4)
(A3)
(A2)
(A1)
(A0)
A15
A14
A13
A12
A11
A10
A9
A8
(9F)
(9E)
(9D)
(9C)
(9B)
(9A)
(99)
(98)
SM0/FE
SM1
SM2
REN
TB8
RB8
TI
RI
0000 0000B
1111 1111B
xxxx xxxxB
0000 0000B
P41AH
Port 4.1 comparator high address 95H
0000 0000B
P41AL
Port 4.1 comparator low address
94H
P1
Port 1
90H
(97)
(96)
(95)
(94)
(93)
(92)
WDTC
Watchdog control
8FH
ENW
CLRW
WIDL
-
-
PS2
AUXR
Auxiliary
8EH
ALE_OFF 0000 0110B
TH1
Timer high 1
8DH
0000 0000B
TH0
Timer high 0
8CH
0000 0000B
TL1
Timer low 1
8BH
0000 0000B
TL0
Timer low 0
8AH
TMOD
Timer mode
89H
0000 0000B
(91)
(90)
T2EX
T2
PS1
PS0
1111 1111B
0000 0000B
0000 0000B
GATE
C/T
M1
- 18 -
M0
GATE
C/T
M1
M0
0000 0000B
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
TCON
Timer control
88H
(8F)
(8E)
(8D)
(8C)
(8B)
(8A)
(89)
(88)
TF1
TR1
TF0
TR0
IE1
IT1
IE0
IT0
SMOD
SMOD0
-
POR
GF1
GF0
PD
0000 0000B
PCON
Power control
87H
P0UPR
Port 0 pull up option register
86H
P40AH
HI address comparator of P4.0
85H
0000 0000B
P40AL
LO address comparator of P4.0
84H
0000 0000B
DPH
Data pointer high
83H
0000 0000B
DPL
Data pointer low
82H
0000 0000B
SP
Stack pointer
81H
P0
Port 0
80H
IDL
00x1 0000B
P0UP
0000 0000B
0000 0111B
(87)
(86)
(85)
(84)
(83)
(82)
(81)
(80)
1111 1111B
[1]: When CPU in F04KBOOT mode (Ref. P65), CHPCON=1xx0 0000B, other mode the CHPCON=0xx0 0000B
9.1
SFR Detail Bit Descriptions
Port 0
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P0.7
P0.6
P0.5
P0.4
P0.3
P0.2
P0.1
P0.0
Mnemonic: P0
Address: 80h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
P0.[7:0]
Port 0 is an open-drain bi-directional I/O port. This port also provides a multiplexed low order
address/data bus during accesses to external memory.
STACK POINTER
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
SP.7
SP.6
SP.5
SP.4
SP.3
SP.2
SP.1
SP.0
Mnemonic: SP
Address: 81h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
SP.[7:0]
The Stack Pointer stores the Scratch-pad RAM address where the stack begins. In other
words it always points to the top of the stack.
DATA POINTER LOW
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
DPL.7
DPL.6
DPL.5
DPL.4
DPL.3
DPL.2
DPL.1
DPL.0
Mnemonic: DPL
Address: 82h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
DPL.[7:0]
This is the low byte of the standard 8052 16-bit data pointer.
DATA POINTER HIGH
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
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2
1
0
Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
DPH.7
DPH.6
DPH.5
DPH.4
DPH.3
DPH.2
DPH.1
Mnemonic: DPH
DPH.0
Address: 83h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
DPH.[7:0]
This is the high byte of the standard 8052 16-bit data pointer.
P4.0 Base Address Low Byte Register
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P40AL.7
P40AL.6
P40AL.5
P40AL.4
P40AL.3
P40AL.2
P40AL.1
P40AL.0
Mnemonic: P40AL
Address: 84h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
P40AL.[7:0]
The Base address register for comparator of P4.0. P40AL contains the loworder byte of address.
P4.0 Base Address High Byte Register
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P40AH.7
P40AH.6
P40AH.5
P40AH.4
P40AH.3
P40AH.2
P40AH.1
P40AH.0
Mnemonic:P40AH
Address: 85h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
P40AH.[7:0]
The Base address register for comparator of P4.0. P40AH contains the Highorder byte of address.
Port 0 Pull up Option Register
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
P0UP
Mnemonic: P0UPR
Address: 86h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
0
P0UP
0: Port 0 pins are open-drain.
1: Port 0 pins are internally pulled-up. Port 0 is structurally the same as Port 2.
Power Control
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
SMOD
SMOD0
-
-
GF1
GF0
PD
IDL
Mnemonic: PCON
BIT
7
6
NAME
SMOD
SMOD
0
Address: 87h
FUNCTION
1: This bit doubles the serial port baud rate in mode 1, 2, and 3 when set to 1.
0: Framing Error Detection Disable. SCON.7 (SM0/FE) bit is used as SM0 (standard 8052 function).
1: Framing Error Detection Enable. SCON.7 (SM0/FE) bit is used to reflect as
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W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
5
4
POR
3
2
1
GF1
GF0
PD
0
IDL
Frame Error (FE) status flag.
Reserved
0: Cleared by software.
1: Set automatically when a power-on reset has occurred.
General purpose user flags.
General purpose user flags.
1: The CPU goes into the POWER DOWN mode. In this mode, all the clocks are
stopped and program execution is frozen.
1: The CPU goes into the IDLE mode. In this mode, the clocks CPU clock stopped,
so program execution is frozen. But the clock to the serial, timer and interrupt
blocks is not stopped, and these blocks continue operating.
Timer Control
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TF1
TR1
TF0
TR0
IE1
IT1
IE0
IT0
Mnemonic: TCON
Address: 88h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7
TF1
Timer 1 Overflow Flag. This bit is set when Timer 1 overflows. It is cleared automatically when the program does a timer 1 interrupt service routine. Software can
also set or clear this bit.
6
TR1
Timer 1 Run Control. This bit is set or cleared by software to turn timer/counter on
or off.
5
TF0
Timer 0 Overflow Flag. This bit is set when Timer 0 overflows. It is cleared automatically when the program does a timer 0 interrupt service routine. Software can
also set or clear this bit.
4
TR0
Timer 0 Run Control. This bit is set or cleared by software to turn timer/counter on
or off.
3
IE1
Interrupt 1 Edge Detect Flag: Set by hardware when an edge/level is detected on
INT1 . This bit is cleared by hardware when the service routine is vectored to only if
the interrupt was edge triggered. Otherwise it follows the inverse of the pin.
2
IT1
Interrupt 1 Type Control. Set/cleared by software to specify falling edge/ low level
triggered external inputs.
1
IE0
Interrupt 0 Edge Detect Flag. Set by hardware when an edge/level is detected
on INT0 . This bit is cleared by hardware when the service routine is vectored to
only if the interrupt was edge triggered. Otherwise it follows the inverse of the pin.
0
IT0
Interrupt 0 Type Control: Set/cleared by software to specify falling edge/ low level
triggered external inputs.
Timer Mode Control
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
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2
1
0
Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
GATE
C/ T
M1
M0
GATE
TIMER1
C/ T
M1
TIMER0
Mnemonic: TMOD
BIT
7
NAME
GATE
6
C/ T
5
4
3
M1
M0
GATE
2
C/ T
1
0
M1
M0
M0
Address: 89h
FUNCTION
Gating control: When this bit is set, Timer/counter 1 is enabled only while the INT1
pin is high and the TR1 control bit is set. When cleared, the INT1 pin has no effect,
and Timer 1 is enabled whenever TR1 control bit is set.
Timer or Counter Select: When clear, Timer 1 is incremented by the internal clock.
When set, the timer counts falling edges on the T1 pin.
Timer 1 mode select bit 1. See table below.
Timer 1 mode select bit 0. See table below.
Gating control: When this bit is set, Timer/counter 0 is enabled only while the INT 0
pin is high and the TR0 control bit is set. When cleared, the INT0 pin has no effect, and Timer 0 is enabled whenever TR0 control bit is set.
Timer or Counter Select: When clear, Timer 0 is incremented by the internal clock.
When set, the timer counts falling edges on the T0 pin.
Timer 0 mode select bit 1. See table below.
Timer 0 mode select bit 0. See table below.
M1, M0: Mode Select bits:
M1
M0
MODE
0
0
Mode 0: 8-bit timer/counter TLx serves as 5-bit pre-scale.
0
1
Mode 1: 16-bit timer/counter, no pre-scale.
1
0
Mode 2: 8-bit timer/counter with auto-reload from THx.
1
1
Mode 3: (Timer 0) TL0 is an 8-bit timer/counter controlled by the standard Timer0 control
bits. TH0 is an 8-bit timer only controlled by Timer1 control bits. (Timer 1) Timer/Counter
1 is stopped.
Timer 0 LSB
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TL0.7
TL0.6
TL0.5
TL0.4
TL0.3
TL0.2
TL0.1
TL0.0
Mnemonic: TL0
Address: 8Ah
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
TL0.[7:0]
Timer 0 LSB.
Timer 1 LSB
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TL1.7
TL1.6
TL1.5
TL1.4
TL1.3
TL1.2
TL1.1
TL1.0
- 22 -
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
Mnemonic: TL1
Address: 8Bh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
TL1.[7:0]
Timer 1 LSB.
Timer 0 MSB
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TH0.7
TH0.6
TH0.5
TH0.4
TH0.3
TH0.2
TH0.1
TH0.0
Mnemonic: TH0
Address: 8Ch
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
TH0.[7:0]
Timer 0 MSB.
Timer 1 MSB
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TH1.7
TH1.6
TH1.5
TH1.4
TH1.3
TH1.2
TH1.1
TH1.0
Mnemonic: TH1
Address: 8Dh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
TH1.[7:0]
Timer 1 MSB.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
ALE_OFF
AUXR
Bit:
Mnemonic: AUXR
Address: 8Eh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
0
ALE_OFF
1: Disable ALE output
0: Enable ALE output
Watchdog Timer Control Register
Bit:
7
6
ENW
5
CLRW
4
WIDL
3
-
Mnemonic: WDTC
2
-
1
PS2
0
PS1
PS0
Address: 8FH
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7
ENW
Enable watch-dog if set.
6
CLRW
Clear watch-dog timer and Pre-scalar if set. This flag will be cleared automatically.
5
WIDL
If this bit is set, watch-dog is enabled under IDLE mode. If cleared, watch-dog is
- 23 -
Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
disabled under IDLE mode. Default is cleared.
2-0
PS2-0
Watch-dog Pre-scalar timer select. Pre-scalar is selected when set PS2−0 as follows:
PS2 PS1 PS0
PRE-SCALAR SELECT
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
4
0
1
0
8
0
1
1
16
1
0
0
32
1
0
1
64
1
1
0
128
1
1
1
256
Port 1
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P1.7
P1.6
P1.5
P1.4
P1.3
P1.2
P1.1
P1.0
Mnemonic: P1
Address: 90h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
P1.[7:0]
General purpose I/O port. Most instructions will read the port pins in case of a port
read access, however in case of read-modify-write instructions, the port latch is
read.
P4.1 Base Address Low Byte Register
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P41AL.7
P41AL.6
P41AL.5
P41AL.4
P41AL.3
P41AL.2
P41AL.1
P41AL.0
Mnemonic: P41AL
Address: 94h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
P41AL.[7:0]
The Base address register for comparator of P4.1. P41AL contains the loworder byte of address.
P4.1 Base Address High Byte Register
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P41AH.7
P41AH.6
P41AH.5
P41AH.4
P41AH.3
P41AH.2
P41AH.1
P41AH.0
Mnemonic: P41AH
Address: 95h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
P41AH.[7:0]
The Base address register for comparator of P4.1. P41AH contains the Highorder byte of address.
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W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
Serial Port Control
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
SM0/FE
SM1
SM2
REN
TB8
RB8
TI
RI
Mnemonic: SCON
Address: 98h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7
SM0/FE
Serial port mode select bit 0 or Framing Error Flag: The SMOD0 bit in PCON
SFR determines whether this bit acts as SM0 or as FE. The operation of SM0 is
described below. When used as FE, this bit will be set to indicate an invalid stop
bit. This bit must be manually cleared in software to clear the FE condition.
6
SM1
Serial Port mode select bit 1. See table below.
5
SM2
Multiprocessor communication mode enable.
The function of this bit is dependent on the serial port mode.
Mode 0: No effect.
Mode 1: Checking valid stop bit.
0 = Reception is always valid no matter the logic level of stop bit.
1 = Reception is ignored if the received stop bit is not logic 1.
Mode 2 or 3: For multiprocessor communication.
0 = Reception is always valid no matter the logic level of the 9th bit.
1 = Reception is ignored if the received 9th bit is not logic 1.
4
REN
Receive enable:
0: Disable serial reception.
1: Enable serial reception.
3
TB8
This is the 9th bit to be transmitted in modes 2 and 3. This bit is set and cleared
by software as desired.
2
RB8
In modes 2 and 3 this is the received 9th data bit. In mode 1, if SM2 = 0, RB8 is
the stop bit that was received. In mode 0 it has no function.
1
TI
Transmit interrupt flag: This flag is set by hardware at the end of the 8th bit time
in mode 0, or at the beginning of the stop bit in all other modes during serial
transmission. This bit must be cleared by software.
0
Receive interrupt flag: This flag is set by hardware at the end of the 8th bit time
in mode 0, or halfway through the stop bits time in the other modes during serial
reception. However the restrictions of SM2 apply to this bit. This bit can be
cleared only by software.
RI
Mode
SM0
SM1
SM1, SM0: Mode Select bits:
Description
Length
Baud Rate
0
0
0
Synchronous
8
Tclk divided by 4 or 12
1
0
1
Asynchronous
10
Variable
2
1
0
Asynchronous
11
Tclk divided by 32 or 64
3
1
1
Asynchronous
11
Variable
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Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
Serial Data Buffer
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
SBUF.7
SBUF.6
SBUF.5
SBUF.4
SBUF.3
SBUF.2
SBUF.1
SBUF.0
Mnemonic: SBUF
Address: 99h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7~0
SBUF
Serial data on the serial port is read from or written to this location. It actually
consists of two separate internal 8-bit registers. One is the receive resister, and
the other is the transmit buffer. Any read access gets data from the receive data
buffer, while write access is to the transmit data buffer.
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P2.7
P2.6
P2.5
P2.4
P2.3
P2.2
P2.1
P2.0
Port 2
Bit:
Mnemonic: P2
Address: A0h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
P2.[7:0]
Port 2 is a bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. This port also provides the
upper address bits for accesses to external memory.
Interrupt Enable
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
EA
-
ET2
ES
ET1
EX1
ET0
EX0
Mnemonic: IE
Address: A8h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7
EA
Global enable. Enable/Disable all interrupts.
6
-
Reserved
5
ET2
Enable Timer 2 interrupt.
4
ES
Enable Serial Port 0 interrupt.
3
ET1
Enable Timer 1 interrupt.
2
EX1
Enable external interrupt 1.
1
ET0
Enable Timer 0 interrupt.
0
EX0
Enable external interrupt 0.
P4.2 Base Address Low Byte Register
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P42AL.7
P42AL.6
P42AL.5
P42AL.4
P42AL.3
P42AL.2
P42AL.1
P42AL.0
Mnemonic: P42AL
Address: ACh
- 26 -
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
P42AL.[7:0]
The Base address register for comparator of P4.2. P42AL contains the loworder byte of address.
P4.2 Base Address High Byte Register
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P42AH.7
P42AH.6
P42AH.5
P42AH.4
P42AH.3
P42AH.2
P42AH.1
P42AH.0
Mnemonic:P42AH
Address: ADh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
P42AH.[7:0]
The Base address register for comparator of P4.2. P42AH contains the Highorder byte of address.
Port 2 Expanded Control
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P43CSIN
P42CSIN
P41CSIN
P40CSIN
-
-
-
-
Mnemonic: P2ECON
Address:AEh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7
P43CSINV
The active polarity of P4.3 when pin P4.3 is defined as read and/or write strobe signal.
1 : P4.3 is active high when pin P4.3 is defined as read and/or write strobe signal.
0 : P4.3 is active low when pin P4.3 is defined as read and/or write strobe signal.
6
P42CSINV
The similarity definition as P43SINV.
5
P41CSINV
The similarity definition as P43SINV.
4
P40CSINV
The similarity definition as P43SINV.
Port 3
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P3.7
P3.6
P3.5
P3.4
P3.3
P3.2
P3.1
P3.0
Mnemonic: P3
Address: B0h
P3.7-0: General purpose Input/Output port. Most instructions will read the port pins in case of a port
read access, however in case of read-modify-write instructions, the port latch is read. These alternate functions are described below:
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7
P3.7
RD
6
P3.6
WR
5
P3.5
T1
4
P3.4
T0
- 27 -
Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
3
P3.3
INT1
2
P3.2
INT0
1
P3.1
TX
0
P3.0
RX
P4.3 Base Address Low Byte Register
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P43AL.7
P43AL.6
P43AL.5
P43AL.4
P43AL.3
P43AL.2
P43AL.1
P43AL.0
Mnemonic: P43AL
Address: B4h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
P43AL.[7:0]
The Base address register for comparator of P4.3. P43AL contains the loworder byte of address.
P4.3 Base Address High Byte Register
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P43AH.7
P43AH.6
P43AH.5
P43AH.4
P43AH.3
P43AH.2
P43AH.1
P43AH.0
Mnemonic: P43AH
Address: B5h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
P43AH.[7:0]
The Base address register for comparator of P4.3. P43AH contains the Highorder byte of address.
Interrupt Priority
Bit:
7
6
-
5
-
4
PT2
3
PS
2
PT1
1
PX1
0
PT0
Mnemonic: IP
PX0
Address: B8h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
5
PT2
1: To set interrupt priority of Timer 2 is higher priority level.
4
PS
1: To set interrupt priority of Serial port 0 is higher priority level.
3
PT1
1: To set interrupt priority of Timer 1 is higher priority level.
2
PX1
1: To set interrupt priority of External interrupt 1 is higher priority level.
1
PT0
1: To set interrupt priority of Timer 0 is higher priority level.
0
PX0
1: To set interrupt priority of External interrupt 0 is higher priority level.
Chip Control
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
SWRESET
-
-
ENAUXRAM
0
0
FBOOTSL
FPRGEN
- 28 -
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
(F04KMODE)
(MUST SET 0)
(MUST SET 0)
Mnemonic: CHPCON
Address: BFh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7
SWRESET(F04KMODE)
When this bit is set to 1, and both FBOOTSL and FPROGEN are
set to 1. It will enforce microcontroller reset to initial condition just
like power on reset. This action will re-boot the microcontroller and
start to normal operation. To read this bit can determine that the
F04KBOOT mode is running.
4
ENAUXRAM
1
FBOOTSL
0
FPROGEN
1: Enable on-chip AUX-RAM.
0: Disable the on-chip AUX-RAM
The Loader Program Location Select.
0: The Loader Program locates at the 64K/32K Byte flash memory
bank.
1: The Loader Program locates at the 4KB flash memory bank.
Flash EPROM Programming Enable
1: Enable. The microcontroller switches to the programming flash
mode after entering the idle mode and waken up from interrupt.
The microcontroller will execute the loader program while in onchip programming mode.
0: Disable. The on-chip flash memory is read-only. In-system programmability is disabled.
External Interrupt Control
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
PX3
EX3
IE3
IT3
PX2
EX2
IE2
IT2
Mnemonic: XICON
Address: C0h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7
PX3
External interrupt 3 priority high if set
6
EX3
External interrupt 3 enable if set
5
IE3
If IT3 = 1, IE3 is set/cleared automatically by hardware when interrupt is detected/serviced
4
IT3
External interrupt 3 is falling-edge/low-level triggered when this bit is set/cleared
by software
3
PX2
External interrupt 2 priority high if set
2
EX2
External interrupt 2 enable if set
1
IE2
If IT2 = 1, IE2 is set/cleared automatically by hardware when interrupt is detected/serviced
0
IT2
External interrupt 2 is falling-edge/low-level triggered when this bit is set/cleared
by software
Port 4 control A
- 29 -
Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P41FUN1
P41FUN0
P41CMP1
P41CMP0
P40FUN1
P40FUN0
P40CMP1
P40CMP0
Mnemonic: P4CONA
Address: C2h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7,6
P41FUN1
P41FUN0
00: Mode 0. P4.1 is a general purpose I/O port which is the same as Port1.
01: Mode 1. P4.1is a Read Strobe signal for chip select purpose. The address
range depends on the SFR P41AH, P41AL, P41CMP1 and P41CMP0.
10: Mode 2. P4.1 is a Write Strobe signal for chip select purpose. The address
range depends on the SFR P41AH,P41AL,P41CMP1 and P41CMP0.
11: Mode 3. P4.1 is a Read/Write Strobe signal for chip select purpose. The address range depends on the SFR P41AH, P41AL, P41CMP1, and P41CMP0.
5,4
P41CMP1
P41CMP0
Chip-select signals address comparison:
00: Compare the full address (16 bits length) with the base address register
P41AH, P41AL.
01: Compare the 15 high bits (A15-A1) of address bus with the base address
register P41AH, P41AL.
10: Compare the 14 high bits (A15-A2) of address bus with the base address
register P41AH, P41AL.
11: Compare the 8 high bits (A15-A8) of address bus with the base address register P41AH, P41AL.
3,2
P40FUN1
P40FUN0
The P4.0 function control bits which are the similar definition as P40FUN1,
P40FUN0. .
1,0
P40CMP1
P40CMP0
The P4.0 address comparator length control bits which are the similar definition
as P40CMP, P40CMP0.
Port 4 control B
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
P43FUN1
P43FUN0
P43CMP1
P43CMP0
P42FUN1
P42FUN0
P42CMP1
P42CMP0
Mnemonic: P4CONB
Address: C3h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7,6
P43FUN1
P43FUN0
P43CMP1
P43CMP0
P42FUN1
P42FUN0
P42CMP1
P42CMP0
The P4.3 function control bits which are the similar definition as P43FUN1, P43FUN0. .
5,4
3,2
1,0
The P4.3 address comparator length control bits which are the similar definition as
P43CMP1,P43CMP0.
The P4.2 function control bits which are the similar definition as P42FUN1, P42FUN0. .
The P4.2 address comparator length control bits which are the similar definition as
P42CMP1,P42CMP0.
SFR program of address low
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
SFRAL.7
SFRAL.6
SFRAL.5
SFRAL.4
SFRAL.3
SFRAL.2
SFRAL.1
SFRAL.0
- 30 -
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
Mnemonic: SFRAL
Address: C4h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
SFRAL.[7:0]
The programming address of on-chip flash memory in programming mode.
SFRFAL contains the low-order byte of address.
SFR program of address high
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
SFRAH.7
SFRAH.6
SFRAH.5
SFRAH.4
SFRAH.3
SFRAH.2
SFRAH.1
SFRAH.0
Mnemonic: SFRAH
Address: C5h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
SFRAH.[7:0]
The programming address of on-chip flash memory in programming mode.
SFRFAH contains the high-order byte of address.
SFR program For Data
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
SFRFD.7
SFRFD.6
SFRFD.5
SFRFD.4
SFRFD.3
SFRFD.2
SFRFD.1
SFRFD.0
SFRFD
Address: C6h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
SFRFD.[7:0]
The programming data for on-chip flash memory in programming mode.
SFR for Program Control
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-
WFWIN
OEN
CEN
CTRL3
CTRL2
CTRL1
CTRL0
SFRCN
Address: C7h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
6
WFWIN
On-chip FLASH EPROM bank select for in-system programming.
0: 64K bytes FLASH EPROM bank is selected as destination for reprogramming.
1: 4K bytes FLASH EPROM bank is selected as destination for reprogramming.
5
OEN
FLASH EPROM output enable.
4
CEN
FLASH EPROM chip enable.
3-0
CTRL[3:0]
CTRL[3:0]: The flash control signals
Mode
CTRL
WFWIN
OEN
CEN
SFRAH,SFRAL
SFRFD
Erase
APROM
0010
0
1
0
X
X
Program
APROM
0001
0
1
0
Address in
Data in
- 31 -
Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
Read
APROM
0000
0
0
0
Address in
Data out
Timer 2 Control
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TF2
EXF2
RCLK
TCLK
EXEN2
TR2
C / T2
CP / RL2
Mnemonic: T2CON
Address: C8h
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7
TF2
Timer 2 overflow flag: This bit is set when Timer 2 overflows. It can be set only
if RCLK and TCLK are both 0. It is cleared only by software. Software can also
set or clear this bit.
6
EXF2
Timer 2 External Flag: A negative transition on the T2EX pin (P1.1) or timer 2
overflow will cause this flag to set based on the CP / RL2 , EXEN2 bits. If set
by a negative transition, this flag must be cleared by software. Setting this bit
in software or detection of a negative transition on T2EX pin will force a timer
interrupt if enabled.
5
RCLK
Receive Clock Flag: This bit determines the serial port 0 time-base when receiving data in serial modes 1 or 3. If it is 0, then timer 1 overflow is used for
baud rate generation, otherwise timer 2 overflow is used. Setting this bit forces
timer 2 in baud rate generator mode.
4
TCLK
Transmit Clock Flag: This bit determines the serial port 0 time-base when
transmitting data in modes 1 and 3. If it is set to 0, the timer 1 overflow is used
to generate the baud rate clock otherwise timer 2 overflow is used. Setting this
bit forces timer 2 in baud rate generator mode.
3
EXEN2
Timer 2 External Enable. This bit enables the capture/reload function on the
T2EX pin if Timer 2 is not generating baud clocks for the serial port. If this bit
is 0, then the T2EX pin will be ignored, otherwise a negative transition detected on the T2EX pin will result in capture or reload.
2
TR2
Timer 2 Run Control. This bit enables/disables the operation of timer 2. Clearing this bit will halt the timer 2 and preserve the current count in TH2, TL2.
1
C / T2
Counter/Timer Select. This bit determines whether timer 2 will function as a
timer or a counter. Independent of this bit, the timer will run at 2 clocks per tick
when used in baud rate generator mode.
0
CP / RL2
Capture/Reload Select. This bit determines whether the capture or reload
function will be used for timer 2. If either RCLK or TCLK is set, this bit will be
ignored and the timer will function in an auto-reload mode following each overflow. If the bit is 0 then auto-reload will occur when timer 2 overflows or a falling edge is detected on T2EX pin if EXEN2 = 1. If this bit is 1, then timer 2
captures will occur when a falling edge is detected on T2EX pin if EXEN2 =
1.
Timer 2 Capture LSB
- 32 -
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RCAP2L.7
RCAP2L.6
RCAP2L.5
RCAP2L.4
RCAP2L.3
RCAP2L.2
RCAP2L.1
RCAP2L.0
Mnemonic: RCAP2L
Address: CAh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
RCAP2L.[7:0]
This register is used to capture the TL2 value when a timer 2 is configured in
capture mode. RCAP2L is also used as the LSB of a 16-bit reload value
when timer 2 is configured in auto-reload mode.
Timer 2 Capture MSB
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
RCAP2h.7
RCAP2h.6
RCAP2h.5
RCAP2h.4
RCAP2h.3
RCAP2h.2
RCAP2h.1
RCAP2h.0
Mnemonic: RCAP2H
Address: CBh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
RCAP2H.[7:0]
This register is used to capture the TH2 value when a timer 2 is configured in
capture mode. RCAP2H is also used as the MSB of a 16-bit reload value
when timer 2 is configured in auto-reload mode.
Timer 2 LSB
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TL2.7
TL2.6
TL2.5
TL2.4
TL2.3
TL2.2
TL2.1
TL2.0
Mnemonic: TL2
Address: CCh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
TL2.[7:0]
Timer 2 LSB
Timer 2 MSB
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
TH2.7
TH2.6
TH2.5
TH2.4
TH2.3
TH2.2
TH2.1
TH2.0
Mnemonic: TH2
Address: CDh
BIT
NAME
FUNCTION
7-0
TH2.[7:0]
Timer 2 MSB
Program Status Word PROGRAM STATUS WORD
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
CY
AC
F0
RS1
RS0
OV
F1
P
Mnemonic: PSW
BIT
NAME
Address: D0h
FUNCTION
- 33 -
Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
7
CY
6
AC
5
F0
4
3
2
RS1
RS0
OV
1
F1
0
P
Carry flag:
Set for an arithmetic operation which results in a carry being generated from the
ALU. It is also used as the accumulator for the bit operations.
Auxiliary carry:
Set when the previous operation resulted in a carry from the high order nibble.
User flag 0:
The General purpose flag that can be set or cleared by the user.
Register bank select bits:
Register bank select bits:
Overflow flag:
Set when a carry was generated from the seventh bit but not from the 8th bit as a
result of the previous operation, or vice-versa.
User Flag 1:
The General purpose flag that can be set or cleared by the user by software.
Parity flag:
Set/cleared by hardware to indicate odd/even number of 1’s in the accumulator.
RS.1-0: Register bank selection bits:
RS1
RS0
Register bank Address
0
0
0
00-07h
0
1
1
08-0Fh
1
0
2
10-17h
1
1
3
18-1Fh
Port 4
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-
-
-
-
P4.3
P4.2
P4.1
P4.0
Mnemonic: P4
Address: D8h
Port 4, SFR P4 at address D8H, is a 4-bit multipurpose programmable I/O port. Each bit can be configured individually by software. The Port 4 has four different operation mode:
In mode 0, P4.0−P4.3 is a bi-directional I/O port which is same as port 1. P4.2 and P4.3 also serve as
external interrupt INT3 and INT2 if enabled.
In mode 1, P4.0−P4.3 are read data strobe signals which are synchronized with RD signal at specified
addresses. These signals can be used as chip-select signals for external peripherals.
In mode 2 , P4.0−P4.3 are write data strobe signals which are synchronized with WR signal at specified addresses. These signals can be used as chip-select signals for external peripherals.
In mode 3, P4.0−P4.3 are read data strobe signals which are synchronized with RD or WR signal at
specified addresses. These signals can be used as chip-select signals for external peripherals.
When Port 4 is configured with the feature of chip-select signals, the chip-select signal address range
depends on the contents of the SFR P4xAH, P4xAL, P4CONA and P4CONB. The registers P4xAH
and P4xAL contain the 16-bit base address of P4.x. The registers P4CONA and P4CONB contain the
control bits to configure the Port 4 operation mode.
- 34 -
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
Here is an example to program the P4.0 as a write strobe signal at the I/O port address 1234H
~1237H and positive polarity, and P4.1~P4.3 are used as general I/O ports.
MOV P40AH,#12H
MOV P40AL,#34H
;Define the base I/O address 1234H for P4.0 as an special function
MOV P4CONA,#00001010B ;Define the P4.0 as a write strobe signal pin and the comparator
MOV P4CONB,#00H
;P4.1~P4.3 as general I/O port which are the same as PORT1
MOV P2ECON,#10H
;Write the P40SINV =1 to inverse the P4.0 write strobe polarity
;default is negative.
Then any instruction MOVX @DPTR,A (with DPTR=1234H~1237H) will generate the positive polarity
write strobe signal at pin P4.0 . And the instruction MOV P4,#XX will output the bit3 to bit1 of data #XX
to pin P4.3~ P4.1.
P4xCSINV
P4 REGISTER
DATA I/O
P4.x
RD_CS
WR_CS
READ
WRITE
RD/WR_CS
PIN
MUX 4->1
P4.x
P4xFUN0
ADDRESS BUS
P4xFUN1
EQUAL
REGISTER
comparator
P4xAL
P4xAH
Bit Length
Selectable
comparator
P4.x INPUT DATA BUS
REGISTER
P4xCMP0
P4xCMP1
The Port 4 Structure Diagram
ACCUMULATOR
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
- 35 -
2
1
0
Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
ACC.7
ACC.6
ACC.5
ACC.4
ACC.3
ACC.2
ACC.1
Mnemonic: ACC
Bit
7-0
Name
ACC
ACC.0
Address: E0h
Function
The A or ACC register is the standard 8052 accumulator.
B Register
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
B.7
B.6
B.5
B.4
B.3
B.2
B.1
B.0
Mnemonic: B
Bit
7-0
Name
B
Address: F0h
Function
The B register is the standard 8052 register that serves as a second accumulator.
Chip Enable Register
Bit:
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
CHPENR.
7
CHPENR.
6
CHPENR.
5
CHPENR.
4
CHPENR.
3
CHPENR.
2
CHPENR.
1
CHPENR.
0
Mnemonic: CHPENR
Address: F6h
The CHPCON is read only by default .You must write #87,#59H sequentially to this special register
CHPENR to enable the CHPCON write attribute, and write other value to disable CHPCON write attribute. This register protects from writing to the CHPCON register carelessly.
- 36 -
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
10 INSTRUCTION
The W78E516D/W78E058D series execute all the instructions of the standard 8052 family. The operations of these instructions, as well as their effects on flag and status bits, are exactly the same.
Op-code
HEX Code
Bytes
W78E516D/W78E058D series Clock cycles
NOP
00
1
12
ADD A, R0
28
1
12
ADD A, R1
29
1
12
ADD A, R2
2A
1
12
ADD A, R3
2B
1
12
ADD A, R4
2C
1
12
ADD A, R5
2D
1
12
ADD A, R6
2E
1
12
ADD A, R7
2F
1
12
ADD A, @R0
26
1
12
ADD A, @R1
27
1
12
ADD A, direct
25
2
12
ADD A, #data
24
2
12
ADDC A, R0
38
1
12
ADDC A, R1
39
1
12
ADDC A, R2
3A
1
12
ADDC A, R3
3B
1
12
ADDC A, R4
3C
1
12
ADDC A, R5
3D
1
12
ADDC A, R6
3E
1
12
ADDC A, R7
3F
1
12
ADDC A, @R0
36
1
12
ADDC A, @R1
37
1
12
ADDC A, direct
35
2
12
ADDC A, #data
34
2
12
SUBB A, R0
98
1
12
SUBB A, R1
99
1
12
SUBB A, R2
9A
1
12
SUBB A, R3
9B
1
12
SUBB A, R4
9C
1
12
- 37 -
Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
Op-code
HEX Code
Bytes
W78E516D/W78E058D series Clock cycles
SUBB A, R5
9D
1
12
SUBB A, R6
9E
1
12
SUBB A, R7
9F
1
12
SUBB A, @R0
96
1
12
SUBB A, @R1
97
1
12
SUBB A, direct
95
2
12
SUBB A, #data
94
2
12
INC A
04
1
12
INC R0
08
1
12
INC R1
09
1
12
INC R2
0A
1
12
INC R3
0B
1
12
INC R4
0C
1
12
INC R5
0D
1
12
INC R6
0E
1
12
INC R7
0F
1
12
INC @R0
06
1
12
INC @R1
07
1
12
INC direct
05
2
12
INC DPTR
A3
1
24
DEC A
14
1
12
DEC R0
18
1
12
DEC R1
19
1
12
DEC R2
1A
1
12
DEC R3
1B
1
12
DEC R4
1C
1
12
DEC R5
1D
1
12
DEC R6
1E
1
12
DEC R7
1F
1
12
DEC @R0
16
1
12
DEC @R1
17
1
12
DEC direct
15
2
12
MUL AB
A4
1
48
DIV AB
84
1
48
- 38 -
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
Op-code
HEX Code
Bytes
W78E516D/W78E058D series Clock cycles
DA A
D4
1
12
ANL A, R0
58
1
12
ANL A, R1
59
1
12
ANL A, R2
5A
1
12
ANL A, R3
5B
1
12
ANL A, R4
5C
1
12
ANL A, R5
5D
1
12
ANL A, R6
5E
1
12
ANL A, R7
5F
1
12
ANL A, @R0
56
1
12
ANL A, @R1
57
1
12
ANL A, direct
55
2
12
ANL A, #data
54
2
12
ANL direct, A
52
2
12
ANL direct, #data
53
3
24
ORL A, R0
48
1
12
ORL A, R1
49
1
12
ORL A, R2
4A
1
12
ORL A, R3
4B
1
12
ORL A, R4
4C
1
12
ORL A, R5
4D
1
12
ORL A, R6
4E
1
12
ORL A, R7
4F
1
12
ORL A, @R0
46
1
12
ORL A, @R1
47
1
12
ORL A, direct
45
2
12
ORL A, #data
44
2
12
ORL direct, A
42
2
12
ORL direct, #data
43
3
24
XRL A, R0
68
1
12
XRL A, R1
69
1
12
XRL A, R2
6A
1
12
XRL A, R3
6B
1
12
- 39 -
Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
Op-code
HEX Code
Bytes
W78E516D/W78E058D series Clock cycles
XRL A, R4
6C
1
12
XRL A, R5
6D
1
12
XRL A, R6
6E
1
12
XRL A, R7
6F
1
12
XRL A, @R0
66
1
12
XRL A, @R1
67
1
12
XRL A, direct
65
2
12
XRL A, #data
64
2
12
XRL direct, A
62
2
12
XRL direct, #data
63
3
24
CLR A
E4
1
12
CPL A
F4
1
12
RL A
23
1
12
RLC A
33
1
12
RR A
03
1
12
RRC A
13
1
12
SWAP A
C4
1
12
MOV A, R0
E8
1
12
MOV A, R1
E9
1
12
MOV A, R2
EA
1
12
MOV A, R3
EB
1
12
MOV A, R4
EC
1
12
MOV A, R5
ED
1
12
MOV A, R6
EE
1
12
MOV A, R7
EF
1
12
MOV A, @R0
E6
1
12
MOV A, @R1
E7
1
12
MOV A, direct
E5
2
12
MOV A, #data
74
2
12
MOV R0, A
F8
1
12
MOV R1, A
F9
1
12
MOV R2, A
FA
1
12
MOV R3, A
FB
1
12
MOV R4, A
FC
1
12
- 40 -
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
Op-code
HEX Code
Bytes
W78E516D/W78E058D series Clock cycles
MOV R5, A
FD
1
12
MOV R6, A
FE
1
12
MOV R7, A
FF
1
12
MOV R0, direct
A8
2
24
MOV R1, direct
A9
2
24
MOV R2, direct
AA
2
24
MOV R3, direct
AB
2
24
MOV R4, direct
AC
2
24
MOV R5, direct
AD
2
24
MOV R6, direct
AE
2
24
MOV R7, direct
AF
2
24
MOV R0, #data
78
2
12
MOV R1, #data
79
2
12
MOV R2, #data
7A
2
12
MOV R3, #data
7B
2
12
MOV R4, #data
7C
2
12
MOV R5, #data
7D
2
12
MOV R6, #data
7E
2
12
MOV R7, #data
7F
2
12
MOV @R0, A
F6
1
12
MOV @R1, A
F7
1
12
MOV @R0, direct
A6
2
24
MOV @R1, direct
A7
2
24
MOV @R0, #data
76
2
12
MOV @R1, #data
77
2
12
MOV direct, A
F5
2
12
MOV direct, R0
88
2
24
MOV direct, R1
89
2
24
MOV direct, R2
8A
2
24
MOV direct, R3
8B
2
24
MOV direct, R4
8C
2
24
MOV direct, R5
8D
2
24
MOV direct, R6
8E
2
24
- 41 -
Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
Op-code
HEX Code
Bytes
W78E516D/W78E058D series Clock cycles
MOV direct, R7
8F
2
24
MOV direct, @R0
86
2
24
MOV direct, @R1
87
2
24
MOV direct, direct
85
3
24
MOV direct, #data
75
3
24
MOV DPTR, #data 16
90
3
24
MOVC A, @A+DPTR
93
1
24
MOVC A, @A+PC
83
1
24
MOVX A, @R0
E2
1
24
MOVX A, @R1
E3
1
24
MOVX A, @DPTR
E0
1
24
MOVX @R0, A
F2
1
24
MOVX @R1, A
F3
1
24
MOVX @DPTR, A
F0
1
24
PUSH direct
C0
2
24
POP direct
D0
2
24
XCH A, R0
C8
1
12
XCH A, R1
C9
1
12
XCH A, R2
CA
1
12
XCH A, R3
CB
1
12
XCH A, R4
CC
1
12
XCH A, R5
CD
1
12
XCH A, R6
CE
1
12
XCH A, R7
CF
1
12
XCH A, @R0
C6
1
12
XCH A, @R1
C7
1
12
XCHD A, @R0
D6
1
12
XCHD A, @R1
D7
1
12
XCH A, direct
C5
2
24
CLR C
C3
1
12
CLR bit
C2
2
12
SETB C
D3
1
12
SETB bit
D2
2
12
CPL C
B3
1
12
- 42 -
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
Op-code
HEX Code
Bytes
W78E516D/W78E058D series Clock cycles
CPL bit
B2
2
12
ANL C, bit
82
2
24
ANL C, /bit
B0
2
24
ORL C, bit
72
2
24
ORL C, /bit
A0
2
24
MOV C, bit
A2
2
12
MOV bit, C
92
2
24
ACALL addr11
71, 91, B1, 11,
31, 51, D1, F1
2
24
LCALL addr16
12
3
24
RET
22
1
24
RETI
32
1
24
01, 21, 41, 61,
81, A1, C1, E1
2
24
LJMP addr16
02
3
24
JMP @A+DPTR
73
1
24
SJMP rel
80
2
24
JZ rel
60
2
24
JNZ rel
70
2
24
JC rel
40
2
24
JNC rel
50
2
24
JB bit, rel
20
3
24
JNB bit, rel
30
3
24
JBC bit, rel
10
3
24
CJNE A, direct, rel
B5
3
24
CJNE A, #data, rel
B4
3
24
CJNE @R0, #data, rel
B6
3
24
CJNE @R1, #data, rel
B7
3
24
CJNE R0, #data, rel
B8
3
24
CJNE R1, #data, rel
B9
3
24
CJNE R2, #data, rel
BA
3
24
CJNE R3, #data, rel
BB
3
24
CJNE R4, #data, rel
BC
3
24
CJNE R5, #data, rel
BD
3
24
AJMP ADDR11
- 43 -
Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
Op-code
HEX Code
Bytes
W78E516D/W78E058D series Clock cycles
CJNE R6, #data, rel
BE
3
24
CJNE R7, #data, rel
BF
3
24
DJNZ R0, rel
D8
2
24
DJNZ R1, rel
D9
2
24
DJNZ R5, rel
DD
2
24
DJNZ R2, rel
DA
2
24
DJNZ R3, rel
DB
2
24
DJNZ R4, rel
DC
2
24
DJNZ R6, rel
DE
2
24
DJNZ R7, rel
DF
2
24
DJNZ direct, rel
D5
3
24
Table 10-1: Instruction Set for W78E516D/W78E058D
- 44 -
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
11 INSTRUCTION TIMING
A machine cycle consists of a sequence of 6 states, numbered S1 through S6. Each state time lasts
for two oscillator periods. Thus a machine cycle takes 12 oscillator periods or 1us if the oscillator frequency is 12MHz.
Each state is divided into a Phase 1 half and a Phase 2 half. The fetch/execute sequences in states
and phases for various kinds of instructions. Normally two program fetches are generated during each
machine cycle, even if the instruction being executed doesn’t require it. If the instruction being executed doesn’t need more code bytes, the CPU simply ignores the extra fetch, and the Program Counter is not incremented. Execution of a one-cycle instruction begins during State 1 of the machine cycle,
when the op-codes is latched into the Instruction Register. A second fetch occurs during S4 of the
same machine cycle. Execution is complete at the end of State 6 of this machine cycle.
The MOVX instructions take two machine cycles to execute. No program fetch is generated during the
second cycle of a MOVX instruction. This is the only time program fetches are skipped. The
fetch/execute sequence for MOVX instructions.
The fetch/execute sequences are the same whether the Program Memory is internal or external to the
chip. Execution times do not depend on whether the Program Memory is internal or external.
the signals and timing involved in program fetches when the Program Memory is external. If Program
Memory is external, then the Program Memory read strobe PSEN is normally activated twice per machine cycle. If an access to external Data Memory occurs, two PSENs pulse are skipped, because the
address and data bus are being used for the Data Memory access. Note that a Data Memory bus cycle takes twice as much time as a Program Memory bus cycle.
- 45 -
Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
12 POWER MANAGEMENT
The W78E516D/W78E058D has several features that help the user to control the power consumption
of the device. The power saved features have basically the POWER DOWN mode and the IDLE mode
of operation.
12.1 Idle Mode
The user can put the device into idle mode by writing 1 to the bit PCON.0. The instruction that sets the
idle bit is the last instruction that will be executed before the device goes into Idle Mode. In the Idle
mode, the clock to the CPU is halted, but not to the Interrupt, Timer, Watchdog timer and Serial port
blocks. This forces the CPU state to be frozen; the Program counter, the Stack Pointer, the Program
Status Word, the Accumulator and the other registers hold their contents. The port pins hold the logical states they had at the time Idle was activated. The Idle mode can be terminated in two ways. Since
the interrupt controller is still active, the activation of any enabled interrupt can wake up the processor.
This will automatically clear the Idle bit, terminate the Idle mode, and the Interrupt Service Routine
(ISR) will be executed. After the ISR, execution of the program will continue from the instruction which
put the device into Idle mode.
The Idle mode can also be exited by activating the reset. The device can put into reset either by applying a high on the external RST pin, a Power on reset condition or a Watchdog timer reset. The external reset pin has to be held high for at least two machine cycles i.e. 24 clock periods to be recognized
as a valid reset. In the reset condition the program counter is reset to 0000h and all the SFRs are set
to the reset condition. Since the clock is already running there is no delay and execution starts immediately.
12.2 Power Down Mode
The device can be put into Power Down mode by writing 1 to bit PCON.1. The instruction that does
this will be the last instruction to be executed before the device goes into Power Down mode. In the
Power Down mode, all the clocks are stopped and the device comes to a halt. All activity is completely
stopped and the power consumption is reduced to the lowest possible value. The port pins output the
values held by their respective SFRs.
The W78E516D/W78E058D will exit the Power Down mode with a reset or by an external interrupt pin
enabled as level detects. An external reset can be used to exit the Power down state. The high on
RST pin terminates the Power Down mode, and restarts the clock. The program execution will restart
from 0000h. In the Power down mode, the clock is stopped, so the Watchdog timer cannot be used to
provide the reset to exit Power down mode.
The W78E516D/W78E058D can be woken from the Power Down mode by forcing an external interrupt pin activated, provided the corresponding interrupt is enabled, while the global enable(EA) bit is
set and the external input has been set to a level detect mode. If these conditions are met, then the
high level on the external pin re-starts the oscillator. Then device executes the interrupt service routine
for the corresponding external interrupt. After the interrupt service routine is completed, the program
execution returns to the instruction after one which put the device into Power Down mode and continues from there.
- 46 -
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
13 RESET CONDITIONS
The user has several hardware related options for placing the W78E516D/W78E058D into reset condition. In general, most register bits go to their reset value irrespective of the reset condition, but there
are a few flags whose state depends on the source of reset. The user can use these flags to determine the cause of reset using software.
13.1 Sources of reset
13.1.1 External Reset
The device continuously samples the RST pin at state S5P2 of every machine cycle. Therefore the
RST pin must be held for at least 2 machine cycles (24 clock cycles) to ensure detection of a valid
RST high. The reset circuitry then synchronously applies the internal reset signal. Thus the reset is a
synchronous operation and requires the clock to be running to cause an external reset. For more timing descript, please reference the character 21.4.5 (Page 79).
Once the device is in reset condition, it will remain so as long as RST is 1. Even after RST is deactivated, the device will continue to be in reset state for up to two machine cycles, and then begin program execution from 0000h. There is no flag associated with the external reset condition.
13.1.2 Watchdog Timer Reset
The Watchdog timer is a free running timer with programmable time-out intervals. The user can clear
the watchdog timer at any time, causing it to restart the count. When the time-out interval is reached
an interrupt flag is set. If the Watchdog reset is enabled and the watchdog timer is not cleared, the
watchdog timer will generate a reset. This places the device into the reset condition. The reset condition is maintained by hardware for two machine cycles. Once the reset is removed the device will begin execution from 0000h.
13.1.3 Software Reset
The W78E516D/W78E058D offers a software reset to switch back to the AP Flash EPROM. Setting
CHPCON bits 0, 1 and 7 to logic-1 creates a software reset to reset the CPU.
13.1.4 RESET STATE
Most of the SFRs and registers on the device will go to the same condition in the reset state. The Program Counter is forced to 0000h and is held there as long as the reset condition is applied. However,
the reset state does not affect the on-chip RAM. The data in the RAM will be preserved during the reset. However, the stack pointer is reset to 07h, and therefore the stack contents will be lost. The RAM
contents will be lost if the VDD falls below approximately 2V, as this is the minimum voltage level required for the RAM to operate normally. Therefore after a first time power on reset the RAM contents
will be indeterminate. During a power fail condition, if the power falls below 2V, the RAM contents are
lost.
After a reset most SFRs are cleared. Interrupts and Timers are disabled. The Watchdog timer is disabled if the reset source was a POR. The port SFRs have 0FFh written into them which puts the port
pins in a high state.
- 47 -
Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
Interrupts
The W78E516D/W78E058D has a 2 priority level interrupt structure with 8 interrupt sources. Each of
the interrupt sources has an individual priority bit, flag, interrupt vector and enable bit. In addition, the
interrupts can be globally enabled or disabled.
13.2 Interrupt Sources
The External Interrupts INT0 and INT1 can be either edge triggered or level triggered, depending on
bits IT0 and IT1. The bits IE0 and IE1 in the TCON register are the flags which are checked to generate the interrupt. In the edge triggered mode, the INTx inputs are sampled in every machine cycle. If
the sample is high in one cycle and low in the next, then a high to low transition is detected and the
interrupts request flag IEx in TCON is set. The flag bit requests the interrupt. Since the external interrupts are sampled every machine cycle, they have to be held high or low for at least one complete
machine cycle. The IEx flag is automatically cleared when the service routine is called. If the level triggered mode is selected, then the requesting source has to hold the pin low till the interrupt is serviced.
The IEx flag will not be cleared by the hardware on entering the service routine. If the interrupt continues to be held low even after the service routine is completed, then the processor may acknowledge
another interrupt request from the same source. Note that the external interrupts INT2 and INT3 . By
default, the individual interrupt flag corresponding to external interrupt 2 to 3 must be cleared manually
by software.
The Timer 0 and 1 Interrupts are generated by the TF0 and TF1 flags. These flags are set by the overflow in the Timer 0 and Timer 1. The TF0 and TF1 flags are automatically cleared by the hardware
when the timer interrupt is serviced. The Timer 2 interrupt is generated by a logical OR of the TF2 and
the EXF2 flags. These flags are set by overflow or capture/reload events in the timer 2 operation. The
hardware does not clear these flags when a timer 2 interrupt is executed. Software has to resolve the
cause of the interrupt between TF2 and EXF2 and clear the appropriate flag.
The Serial block can generate interrupts on reception or transmission. There are two interrupt sources
from the Serial block, which are obtained by the RI and TI bits in the SCON SFR. These bits are not
automatically cleared by the hardware, and the user will have to clear these bits using software.
All the bits that generate interrupts can be set or reset by hardware, and thereby software initiated interrupts can be generated. Each of the individual interrupts can be enabled or disabled by setting or
clearing a bit in the IE SFR. IE also has a global enable/disable bit EA, which can be cleared to disable all the interrupts, at once.
Source
Vector Address
Source
Vector Address
External Interrupt 0
0003h
Timer 0 Overflow
000Bh
External Interrupt 1
0013h
Timer 1 Overflow
001Bh
Serial Port
0023h
Timer 2 Overflow
002Bh
External Interrupt 2
0033h
External Interrupt 3
003Bh
Table 13- 1 W78E516D/W78E058D interrupt vector table
13.3 Priority Level Structure
There are two priority levels for the interrupts high, low. The interrupt sources can be individually set to
either high or low levels. Naturally, a higher priority interrupt cannot be interrupted by a lower priority
interrupt. However there exists a pre-defined hierarchy amongst the interrupts themselves. This hierarchy comes into play when the interrupt controller has to resolve simultaneous requests having the
same priority level. This hierarchy is defined as shown on Table.
- 48 -
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
The interrupt flags are sampled every machine cycle. In the same machine cycle, the sampled interrupts are polled and their priority is resolved. If certain conditions are met then the hardware will execute an internally generated LCALL instruction which will vector the process to the appropriate interrupt vector address. The conditions for generating the LCALL are;
1. An interrupt of equal or higher priority is not currently being serviced.
2. The current polling cycle is the last machine cycle of the instruction currently being executed.
3. The current instruction does not involve a write to IE, IP, XICON registers and is not a RETI.
If any of these conditions are not met, then the LCALL will not be generated. The polling cycle is repeated every machine cycle, with the interrupts sampled in the same machine cycle. If an interrupt flag
is active in one cycle but not responded to, and is not active when the above conditions are met, the
denied interrupt will not be serviced. This means that active interrupts are not remembered; every polling cycle is new.
The processor responds to a valid interrupt by executing an LCALL instruction to the appropriate service routine. This may or may not clear the flag which caused the interrupt. In case of Timer interrupts,
the TF0 or TF1 flags are cleared by hardware whenever the processor vectors to the appropriate timer
service routine. In case of external interrupt, /INT0 and /INT1, the flags are cleared only if they are
edge triggered. In case of Serial interrupts, the flags are not cleared by hardware. In the case of Timer
2 interrupt, the flags are not cleared by hardware. The hardware LCALL behaves exactly like the software LCALL instruction. This instruction saves the Program Counter contents onto the Stack, but does
not save the Program Status Word PSW. The PC is reloaded with the vector address of that interrupt
which caused the LCALL. These address of vector for the different sources are as shown on below
table. The vector table is not evenly spaced; this is to accommodate future expansions to the device
family.
Execution continues from the vectored address till an RETI instruction is executed. On execution of
the RETI instruction the processor pops the Stack and loads the PC with the contents at the top of the
stack. The user must take care that the status of the stack is restored to what is was after the hardware LCALL, if the execution is to return to the interrupted program. The processor does not notice
anything if the stack contents are modified and will proceed with execution from the address put back
into PC. Note that a RET instruction would perform exactly the same process as a RETI instruction,
but it would not inform the Interrupt Controller that the interrupt service routine is completed, and
would leave the controller still thinking that the service routine is underway.
Each interrupt source can be individually enabled or disabled by setting or clearing a bit in registers IE.
The IE register also contains a global disable bit, EA, which disables all interrupts at once.
Each interrupt source can be individually programmed to one of 2 priority levels by setting or clearing
bits in the IP registers. An interrupt service routine in progress can be interrupted by a higher priority
interrupt, but not by another interrupt of the same or lower priority. The highest priority interrupt service
cannot be interrupted by any other interrupt source. So, if two requests of different priority levels are
received simultaneously, the request of higher priority level is serviced.
If requests of the same priority level are received simultaneously, an internal polling sequence determines which request is serviced. This is called the arbitration ranking. Note that the arbitration ranking
is only used to resolve simultaneous requests of the same priority level.
- 49 -
Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
Table below summarizes the interrupt sources, flag bits, vector addresses, enable bits, priority bits,
arbitration ranking, and external interrupt may wake up the CPU from Power Down mode.
Source
Flag
Vector
address
Enable bit
Flag
cleared by
Arbitration
ranking
Powerdown
wakeup
External Interrupt 0
IE0
0003H
EX0 (IE.0)
Hardware,
software
1(highest)
Yes
Timer 0 Overflow
TF0
000BH
ET0 (IE.1)
Hardware,
software
2
No
External Interrupt 1
IE1
0013H
EX1 (IE.2)
Hardware,
software
3
Yes
Timer 1 Overflow
TF1
001BH
ET1 (IE.3)
Hardware,
software
4
No
Serial Port
RI + TI
0023H
ES (IE.4)
Software
5
No
Timer 2 Overflow/Match
TF2
002BH
ET2 (IE.5)
Software
6
No
External Interrupt 2
XICON
0033H
EX2
(XICON.2)
Hardware,
software
7
Yes
External Interrupt 3
XICON
003BH
EX3
(XICON.6)
Hardware,
software
8(lowest)
Yes
Table 13- 2 Summary of interrupt sources
13.4 Interrupt Response Time
The response time for each interrupt source depends on several factors, such as the nature of the interrupt and the instruction underway. In the case of external interrupts INT0 and INT1 , they are sampled at S5P2 of every machine cycle and then their corresponding interrupt flags IEx will be set or reset. The Timer 0 and 1 overflow flags are set at C3 of the machine cycle in which overflow has occurred. These flag values are polled only in the next machine cycle. If a request is active and all three
conditions are met, then the hardware generated LCALL is executed. This LCALL itself takes four machine cycles to be completed. Thus there is a minimum time of five machine cycles between the interrupt flag being set and the interrupt service routine being executed.
A longer response time should be anticipated if any of the three conditions are not met. If a higher or
equal priority is being serviced, then the interrupt latency time obviously depends on the nature of the
service routine currently being executed. If the polling cycle is not the last machine cycle of the instruction being executed, then an additional delay is introduced. The maximum response time (if no other
interrupt is in service) occurs if the device is performing a write to IE, IP and then executes a MUL or
DIV instruction.
13.5 Interrupt Inputs
Since the external interrupt pins are sampled once each machine cycle, an input high or low should
hold for at least 6 CPU Clocks to ensure proper sampling. If the external interrupt is high for at least
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W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
one machine cycle, and then hold it low for at least one machine cycle. This is to ensure that the transition is seen and that interrupt request flag IEn is set. IEn is automatically cleared by the CPU when
the service routine is called.
If the external interrupt is level-activated, the external source must hold the request active until the
requested interrupt is actually generated. If the external interrupt is still asserted when the interrupt
service routine is completed another interrupt will be generated. It is not necessary to clear the interrupt flag IEn when the interrupt is level sensitive, it simply tracks the input pin level.
If an external interrupt is enabled when the W78E516D/W78E058D is put into Power Down or Idle
mode, the interrupt will cause the processor to wake up and resume operation. Refer to the section on
Power Reduction Modes for details.
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Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
14 PROGRAMMABLE TIMERS/COUNTERS
The W78E516D/W78E058D series have Three 16-bit programmable timer/counters, a machine cycle
equals 12 or 6 oscillator periods, and it depends on 12T mode or 6T mode that the user configured
this device.
14.1 Timer/Counters 0 & 1
W78E516D/W78E058D has two 16-bit Timer/Counters. Each of these Timer/Counters has two 8 bit
registers which form the 16 bit counting register. For Timer/Counter 0 they are TH0, the upper 8 bits
register, and TL0, the lower 8 bit register. Similarly Timer/Counter 1 has two 8 bit registers, TH1 and
TL1. The two can be configured to operate either as timers, counting machine cycles or as counters
counting external inputs.
When configured as a "Timer", the timer counts clock cycles. The timer clock can be programmed to
be thought of as 1/12 of the system clock. In the "Counter" mode, the register is incremented on the
falling edge of the external input pin, T0 in case of Timer 0, and T1 for Timer 1. The T0 and T1 inputs
are sampled in every machine cycle at C4. If the sampled value is high in one machine cycle and low
in the next, then a valid high to low transition on the pin is recognized and the count register is incremented. Since it takes two machine cycles to recognize a negative transition on the pin, the maximum
rate at which counting will take place is 1/24 of the master clock frequency. In either the "Timer" or
"Counter" mode, the count register will be updated at C3. Therefore, in the "Timer" mode, the recognized negative transition on pin T0 and T1 can cause the count register value to be updated only in
the machine cycle following the one in which the negative edge was detected.
The "Timer" or "Counter" function is selected by the " C/ T " bit in the TMOD Special Function Register.
Each Timer/Counter has one selection bit for its own; bit 2 of TMOD selects the function for Timer/Counter 0 and bit 6 of TMOD selects the function for Timer/Counter 1. In addition each Timer/Counter can be set to operate in any one of four possible modes. The mode selection is done by
bits M0 and M1 in the TMOD SFR.
14.2 Time-Base Selection
W78E516D/W78E058D provides users with two modes of operation for the timer. The timers can be
programmed to operate like the standard 8051 family, counting at the rate of 1/12 of the clock speed.
This will ensure that timing loops on W78E516D/W78E058D and the standard 8051 can be matched.
This is the default mode of operation of the W78E516D/W78E058D timers.
14.2.1 Mode 0
In Mode 0, the timer/counter is a 13-bit counter. The 13-bit counter consists of THx (8 MSB) and the
five lower bits of TLx (5 LSB). The upper three bits of TLx are ignored. The timer/counter is enabled
when TRx is set and either GATE is 0 or INTx is 1. When C / T is 0, the timer/counter counts clock
cycles; when C / T is 1, it counts falling edges on T0 (Timer 0) or T1 (Timer 1). For clock cycles, the
time base be 1/12 speed, and the falling edge of the clock increments the counter. When the 13-bit
value moves from 1FFFh to 0000h, the timer overflow flag TFx is set, and an interrupt occurs if enabled. This is illustrated in next figure below.
14.2.2 Mode 1
Mode 1 is similar to Mode 0 except that the counting register forms a 16-bit counter, rather than a 13bit counter. This means that all the bits of THx and TLx are used. Roll-over occurs when the timer
moves from a count of 0FFFFh to 0000h. The timer overflow flag TFx of the relevant timer is set and if
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W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
enabled an interrupt will occur. The selection of the time-base in the timer mode is similar to that in
Mode 0. The gate function operates similarly to that in Mode 0.
Fosc
1/12
C/T=TMOD.2
(C/T=TMOD.6)
M1, M0=TMOD.1, TMOD.0
(M1, M0=TMOD.5, TMOD.4)
0
00
0
1
T0=P3.4
(T1=P3.5)
4
7
0
01
TL0
(TL1)
TR0=TCON.4
(TR1=TCON.6)
7
TH0
(TH1)
TFx
Interrupt
TF0
(TF1)
GATE=TMOD.3
(GATE=TMOD.7)
INT0=P3.2
(INT1=P3.3)
Figure 14- 1 Timer/Counters 0 & 1 in Mode 0,1
14.2.3 Mode 2
In Mode 2, the timer/counter is in the Auto Reload Mode. In this mode, TLx acts as an 8-bit count register, while THx holds the reload value. When the TLx register overflows from FFh to 00h, the TFx bit
in TCON is set and TLx is reloaded with the contents of THx, and the counting process continues from
here. The reload operation leaves the contents of the THx register unchanged. Counting is enabled by
the TRx bit and proper setting of GATE and INTx . As in the other two modes 0 and 1 mode 2 allows
counting of clock/12 or pulses on pin Tn.
Fosc
1/12
C/T=TMOD.2
(C/T=TMOD.6)
TL0
(TL1)
0
0
T0=P3.4
(T1=P3.5)
7
1
TFx
Interrupt
TF0
(TF1)
TR0=TCON.4
(TR1=TCON.6)
0
7
TH0
(TH1)
GATE=TMOD.3
(GATE=TMOD.7)
INT0=P3.2
(INT1=P3.3)
Timer/Counter Mode2
Figure 14- 2 Timer/Counter 0 & 1 in Mode 2
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Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
14.2.4 Mode 3
Mode 3 has different operating methods for the two timer/counters. For timer/counter 1, mode 3 simply
freezes the counter. Timer/Counter 0, however, configures TL0 and TH0 as two separate 8 bit count
registers in this mode. The logic for this mode is shown in the figure. TL0 uses the Timer/Counter 0
control bits C/ T , GATE, TR0, INT0 and TF0. The TL0 can be used to count clock cycles (clock/12) or
1-to-0 transitions on pin T0 as determined by C/T (TMOD.2). TH0 is forced as a clock cycle counter
(clock/12) and takes over the use of TR1 and TF1 from Timer/Counter 1. Mode 3 is used in cases
where an extra 8 bit timer is needed. With Timer 0 in Mode 3, Timer 1 can still be used in Modes 0, 1
and 2, but its flexibility is somewhat limited. While its basic functionality is maintained, it no longer has
control over its overflow flag TF1 and the enable bit TR1. Timer 1 can still be used as a timer/counter
and retains the use of GATE and INT1 pin. In this condition it can be turned on and off by switching it
out of and into its own Mode 3. It can also be used as a baud rate generator for the serial port.
Fosc
1/12
C/T=TMOD.2
0
TL0
0
7
TF0
Interrupt
7
TF1
Interrupt
1
T0=P3.4
TR0=TCON.4
GATE=TMOD.3
INT0=P3.2
TH0
0
TR1=TCON.6
Figure 14-3 Timer/Counter Mode 3
14.3 Timer/Counter 2
Timer/Counter 2 is a 16 bit counter. Timer/Counter 2 is equipped with a capture/reload capability. As
with the Timer 0 and Timer 1 counters, there exists considerable flexibility in selecting and controlling
the clock, and in defining the operating mode. The clock source for Timer/Counter 2 may be selected
for either the external T2 pin (C/T2 = 1) or the crystal oscillator, which is divided by 12 (C/T2 = 0). The
clock is then enabled when TR2 is a 1, and disabled when TR2 is a 0.
14.3.1 Capture Mode
The capture mode is enabled by setting the CP / RL2 bit in the T2CON register to a 1. In the capture
mode, Timer/Counter 2 serves as a 16 bit up counter. When the counter rolls over from 0FFFFh to
0000h, the TF2 bit is set, which will generate an interrupt request. If the EXEN2 bit is set, then a negative transition of T2EX pin will cause the value in the TL2 and TH2 register to be captured by the
RCAP2L and RCAP2H registers. This action also causes the EXF2 bit in T2CON to be set, which will
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W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
also generate an interrupt.
(RCLK,TCLK, CP / RL2 )= (0,0,1)
Fosc
1/12
C/T2=T2CON.1
0
T2CON.7
TL2
TH2
TF2
1
T2=P1.0
Timer2
Interrupt
TR2=T2CON.2
RCAP2L
RCAP2H
T2EX=P1.1
EXF2
T2CON.6
EXEN2=T2CON.3
Figure 14-4 16-Bit Capture Mode
14.3.2 Auto-Reload Mode, Counting up
The auto-reload mode as an up counter is enabled by clearing the CP / RL2 bit in the T2CON register. In this mode, Timer/Counter 2 is a 16 bit up counter. When the counter rolls over from 0FFFFh, a
reload is generated that causes the contents of the RCAP2L and RCAP2H registers to be reloaded
into the TL2 and TH2 registers. The reload action also sets the TF2 bit. If the EXEN2 bit is set, then a
negative transition of T2EX pin will also cause a reload. This action also sets the EXF2 bit in T2CON.
(RCLK,TCLK, CP / RL2 )= (0,0,0)
Fosc
1/12
C/T2=T2CON.1
0
T2CON.7
TL2
TH2
TF2
1
T2=P1.0
Timer2
Interrupt
TR2=T2CON.2
RCAP2L
RCAP2H
EXF2
T2CON.6
Figure 14- 5 16-Bit Auto-reload Mode, Counting Up
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Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
14.3.3 Baud Rate Generator Mode
The baud rate generator mode is enabled by setting either the RCLK or TCLK bits in T2CON register.
While in the baud rate generator mode, Timer/Counter 2 is a 16 bit counter with auto reload when the
count rolls over from 0FFFFh. However, rolling over does not set the TF2 bit. If EXEN2 bit is set, then
a negative transition of the T2EX pin will set EXF2 bit in the T2CON register and cause an interrupt
request.
RCLK+TCLK=1, CP / RL2 =0
T im e r1
O v e rflo w
1 /2
F osc
1 /2
0
C /T 2 = T 2 C O N .1
0
T im e r2
O v e r flo w
TL2
1
SM OD=
P C O N .7
RCLK=
T 2 C O N .5
TH2
1
1
0
T 2 = P 1 .0
TCLK=
T 2 C O N .4
T R 2 = T 2 C O N .2
1
RCA P2L
T 2 E X = P 1 .1
R C A P 2H
EXF2
T 2 C O N .6
E X E N 2 = T 2 C O N .3
Figure 14- 6 Baud Rate Generator Mode
- 56 -
1 /1 6
R x C lo c k
1 /1 6
T x C lo c k
0
T im e r2
In te rru p t
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
15 WATCHDOG TIMER
The Watchdog timer is a free-running timer which can be programmed by the user to serve as a system monitor, a time-base generator or an event timer. It is basically a set of dividers that divide the
system clock. The divider output is selectable and determines the time-out interval. When the time-out
occurs a system reset can also be caused if it is enabled. The main use of the Watchdog timer is as a
system monitor. This is important in real-time control applications. In case of power glitches or electromagnetic interference, the processor may begin to execute errant code. If this is left unchecked the
entire system may crash. The watchdog time-out selection will result in different time-out values depending on the clock speed. The Watchdog timer will de disabled on reset. In general, software should
restart the Watchdog timer to put it into a known state. The control bits that support the Watchdog timer are discussed below.
ENW : Enable watchdog if set.
CLRW : Clear watchdog timer and Pre-scalar if set. This flag will be cleared automatically
WIDL : If this bit is set, watch-dog is enabled under IDLE mode. If cleared, watchdog is disabled under IDLE mode. Default is cleared.
PS2, PS1, PS0: Watchdog Pre-scalar timer select. Pre-scalar is selected when set PS2−0 as follows:
PS2 PS1 PS0
Pre-scalar select
0
0
0
2
0
0
1
4
0
1
0
8
0
1
1
16
1
0
0
32
1
0
1
64
1
1
0
128
1
1
1
256
The time-out period is obtained using the following equation:
1
× 214 × Pr e − scalar × 1000 × 12ms (12T mode)
OSC
Before Watchdog time-out occurs, the program must clear the 14-bit timer by writing 1 to WDTC.6
(CLRW). After 1 is written to this bit, the 14-bit timer, Pre-scalar and this bit will be reset on the next
instruction cycle. The Watchdog timer is cleared on reset.
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Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
ENW
WIDL
IDLE
EXTERNAL
RESET
OSC
1/6
1/12
14- BIT TIMER
Pre-Scalar
CLEAR
CLRW
Figure 15- 1 Watchdog Timer Block Diagram
Typical Watch-Dog time-out period when OSC = 20 MHz
PS2 PS1 PS0
Watchdog time-out period
0
0
0
19.66 mS
0
0
1
39.32 mS
0
1
0
78.64 mS
0
1
1
157.28 mS
1
0
0
314.57 mS
1
0
1
629.14 mS
1
1
0
1.25 S
1
1
1
2.50 S
Table 15- 1 Watch-Dog time-out period
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INTERNAL
RESET
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
16 SERIAL PORT
Serial port in this device is a full duplex port. The serial port is capable of synchronous as well as
asynchronous communication. In Synchronous mode the device generates the clock and operates in a
half duplex mode. In the asynchronous mode, full duplex operation is available. This means that it can
simultaneously transmit and receive data. The transmit register and the receive buffer are both addressed as SBUF Special Function Register. However any write to SBUF will be to the transmit register, while a read from SBUF will be from the receiver buffer register. The serial port can operate in four
different modes as described below.
16.1 MODE 0
This mode provides synchronous communication with external devices. In this mode serial data is
transmitted and received on the RXD line. TXD is used to transmit the shift clock. The TxD clock is
provided by the device whether it is transmitting or receiving. This mode is therefore a half duplex
mode of serial communication. In this mode, 8 bits are transmitted or received per frame. The LSB is
transmitted/received first. The baud rate is fixed at 1/12 of the oscillator frequency. This Baud Rate is
determined by the SM2 bit (SCON.5). When this bit is set to 0, then the serial port runs at 1/12 of the
clock. This additional facility of programmable baud rate in mode 0 is the only difference between the
standard 8051 and W78E516D/W78E058D.
The functional block diagram is shown below. Data enters and leaves the Serial port on the RxD line.
The TxD line is used to output the shift clock. The shift clock is used to shift data into and out of this
device and the device at the other end of the line. Any instruction that causes a write to SBUF will start
the transmission. The shift clock will be activated and data will be shifted out on the RxD pin till all 8
bits are transmitted. If SM2 = 1, then the data on RxD will appear 1 clock period before the falling
edge of shift clock on TxD. The clock on TxD then remains low for 2 clock periods, and then goes high
again. If SM2 = 0, the data on RxD will appear 3 clock periods before the falling edge of shift clock on
TxD. The clock on TxD then remains low for 6 clock periods, and then goes high again. This ensures
that at the receiving end the data on RxD line can either be clocked on the rising edge of the shift
clock on TxD or latched when the TxD clock is low.
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Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
Write to
SBUF
Fosc
Transmit Shift Register
Internal
Data Bus
PARIN
LOAD
SOUT
CLOCK
1/12
1/4
TX START
TX SHIFT
SM2 0
1
TX CLOCK
TI
RX CLOCK
RI
REN
TX START
Serial Interrupt
RI
TXD
P3.1 Alternate
Output Function
SHIFT CLOCK
LOAD SBUF
RX SHIFT
Serial Controllor
RXD
P3.0 Alternate
Input Function
RXD
P3.0 Alternate
Output Function
Read SBUF
CLOCK
SIN
PAROUT
SBUF
Internal
Data Bus
Receive Shift Register
Figure 16- 1 Serial port mode 0
The TI flag is set high in S6P2 following the end of transmission of the last bit. The serial port will receive data when REN is 1 and RI is zero. The shift clock (TxD) will be activated and the serial port will
latch data on the rising edge of shift clock. The external device should therefore present data on the
falling edge on the shift clock. This process continues till all the 8 bits have been received. The RI flag
is set in S6P2 following the last rising edge of the shift clock on TxD. This will stop reception, till the RI
is cleared by software.
16.2 MODE 1
In Mode 1, the full duplex asynchronous mode is used. Serial communication frames are made up of
10 bits transmitted on TXD and received on RXD. The 10 bits consist of a start bit (0), 8 data bits (LSB
first), and a stop bit (1). On receive mode, the stop bit goes into RB8 in the SFR SCON. The baud rate
in this mode is variable. The serial baud can be programmed to be 1/16 or 1/32 of the Timer 1 overflow. Since the Timer 1 can be set to different reload values, a wide variation in baud rates is possible.
Transmission begins with a write to SBUF. The serial data is brought out on to TxD pin at S6P2 following the first roll-over of divide by 16 counter. The next bit is placed on TxD pin at S6P2 following the
next rollover of the divide by 16 counter. Thus the transmission is synchronized to the divide by 16
counters and not directly to the write to SBUF signal. After all 8 bits of data are transmitted, the stop
bit is transmitted. The TI flag is set in the S6P2 state after the stop bit has been put out on TxD pin.
This will be at the 10th rollover of the divide by 16 counters after a write to SBUF.
Reception is enabled only if REN is high. The serial port actually starts the receiving of serial data,
with the detection of a falling edge on the RxD pin. The 1-to-0 detector continuously monitors the RxD
line, sampling it at the rate of 16 times the selected baud rate. When a falling edge is detected, the
divide by 16 counters is immediately reset. This helps to align the bit boundaries with the rollovers of
the divide by 16 counters.
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W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
The 16 states of the counter effectively divide the bit time into 16 slices. The bit detection is done on a
best of three basie. The bit detector samples the RxD pin, at the 8th, 9th and 10th counter states. By
using a majority 2 of 3 voting system, the bit value is selected. This is done to improve the noise rejection feature of the serial port. If the first bit detected after the falling edge of RxD pin is not 0, then this
indicates an invalid start bit, and the reception is immediately aborted. The serial port again looks for a
falling edge in the RxD line. If a valid start bit is detected, then the rest of the bits are also detected
and shifted into the SBUF.
After shifting in 8 data bits, there is one more shift to do, after which the SBUF and RB8 are loaded
and RI is set. However certain conditions must be met before the loading and setting of RI can be
done.
1. RI must be 0 and
2. Either SM2 = 0, or the received stop bit = 1.
If these conditions are met, then the stop bit goes to RB8, the 8 data bits go into SBUF and RI is set.
Otherwise the received frame may be lost. After the middle of the stop bit, the receiver goes back to
looking for a 1-to-0 transition on the RxD pin.
Transmit Shift Register
Timer 2
Overflow
Timer 1
Overflow
Write to
SBUF
1/2
SMOD 0
TCLK
RCLK
Internal
Data Bus
1
STOP
0
PARIN
START SOUT
LOAD
TXD
CLOCK
1
0
1
0
1
TX START
1/16
1/16
TX SHIFT
TX CLOCK
Serial
Controllor
RX CLOCK
SAMPLE
1-To-0
DETECTOR
TX START
TI
Serial Interrupt
RI
LOAD SBUF
Read SBUF
RX SHIFT
CLOCK PAROUT
RXD
BIT
DETECTOR
SIN
D8
SBUF
Internal
Data Bus
RB8
Receive Shift Register
Figure 16- 2 Serial port mode 1
16.3 MODE 2
This mode uses a total of 11 bits in asynchronous full-duplex communication. The functional description is shown in the figure below. The frame consists of one start bit (0), 8 data bits (LSB first), a pro-
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Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
grammable 9th bit (TB8) and a stop bit (1). The 9th bit received is put into RB8. The baud rate is programmable to 1/32 or 1/64 of the oscillator frequency, which is determined by the SMOD bit in PCON
SFR. Transmission begins with a write to SBUF. The serial data is brought out on to TxD pin at S6P2
following the first roll-over of the divide by 16 counter. The next bit is placed on TxD pin at S6P2 following the next rollover of the divide by 16 counter. Thus the transmission is synchronized to the divide by 16 counters, and not directly to the write to SBUF signal. After all 9 bits of data are transmitted,
the stop bit is transmitted. The TI flag is set in the S6P2 state after the stop bit has been put out on
TxD pin. This will be at the 11th rollover of the divide by 16 counters after a write to SBUF. Reception
is enabled only if REN is high. The serial port actually starts the receiving of serial data, with the detection of a falling edge on the RxD pin. The 1-to-0 detector continuously monitors the RxD line, sampling it at the rate of 16 times the selected baud rate. When a falling edge is detected, the divide by 16
counters is immediately reset. This helps to align the bit boundaries with the rollovers of the divide by
16 counters. The 16 states of the counter effectively divide the bit time into 16 slices. The bit detection
is done on a best of three basis. The bit detector samples the RxD pin, at the 8th, 9th and 10th counter states. By using a majority 2 of 3 voting system, the bit value is selected. This is done to improve
the noise rejection feature of the serial port.
Transmit Shift Register
1
TB8
Internal
Data Bus
0
Fosc/2
Write to
SBUF
1/2
STOP
D8
PARIN
SOUT
START
LOAD
TXD
CLOCK
SMOD 0
TX START
1
1/16
1/16
TX SHIFT
TX CLOCK
Serial
Controllor
RX CLOCK
SAMPLE
1-To-0
DETECTOR
TX START
TI
Serial Interrupt
RI
LOAD SBUF
RX SHIFT
Read SBUF
CLOCK PAROUT
RXD
BIT
DETECTOR
SIN
D8
SBUF
Internal
Data Bus
RB8
Receive Shift Register
Figure 16- 3 Serial port mode 2
If the first bit detected after the falling edge of RxD pin, is not 0, then this indicates an invalid start bit,
and the reception is immediately aborted. The serial port again looks for a falling edge in the RxD line.
If a valid start bit is detected, then the rest of the bits are also detected and shifted into the SBUF. After shifting in 9 data bits, there is one more shift to do, after which the SBUF and RB8 are loaded and
RI is set. However certain conditions must be met before the loading and setting of RI can be done.
1. RI must be 0 and
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W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
2. Either SM2 = 0, or the received stop bit = 1.
If these conditions are met, then the stop bit goes to RB8, the 8 data bits go into SBUF and RI is set.
Otherwise the received frame may be lost. After the middle of the stop bit, the receiver goes back to
looking for a 1-to-0 transition on the RxD pin.
MODE 3
This mode is similar to Mode 2 in all respects, except that the baud rate is programmable. The user
must first initialize the Serial related SFR SCON before any communication can take place. This involves selection of the Mode and baud rate. The Timer 1 should also be initialized if modes 1 and 3
are used. In all four modes, transmission is started by any instruction that uses SBUF as a destination
register. Reception is initiated in Mode 0 by the condition RI = 0 and REN = 1. This will generate a
clock on the TxD pin and shift in 8 bits on the RxD pin. Reception is initiated in the other modes by the
incoming start bit if REN = 1. The external device will start the communication by transmitting the start
bit.
Transmit Shift Register
Timer 2
Overflow
Timer 1
Overflow
Write to
SBUF
1/2
SMOD
1
TB8
Internal
Data Bus
0
0
TCLK
PARIN
START
LOAD
1
SOUT
TXD
CLOCK
0
1
TX START
1/16
RCLK
STOP
D8
0
1
TX SHIFT
TX CLOCK
Serial
Controllor
1/16
TI
Serial Interrupt
RX CLOCK
RI
SAMPLE
1-To-0
DETECTOR
LOAD SBUF
TX START
Read SBUF
RX SHIFT
CLOCK PAROUT
BIT
DETECTOR
RXD
SIN
D8
SBUF
Internal
Data Bus
RB8
Receive Shift Register
Figure 15- 4 Serial port mode 3
SM0
SM1
Mode
Type
Baud Clock
Frame
Size
Start
Bit
Stop
Bit
9th bit
Function
0
0
0
Synch.
4 or 12 TCLKS
8 bits
No
No
None
0
1
1
Asynch.
Timer 1 or 2
10 bits
1
1
None
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Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
1
0
2
Asynch.
32 or 64
TCLKS
11 bits
1
1
0, 1
1
1
3
Asynch.
Timer 1 or 2
11 bits
1
1
0, 1
Table 16- 1 Serial Ports Modes
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W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
17 F04KBOOT MODE (BOOT FROM 4K BYTES OF LDROM )
The W78E516D/W78E058D boots from APROM program memory(64K/32K bytes) by default at power
on reset or reset-pin reset. On some occasions, user can force the W78E516D/W78E058D booting
from the LDROM program memory (4K bytes) at power on reset or external reset. The settings for this
special mode as follow.
F04KBOOT MODE
P4.3
P2.7
P2.6
Mode
X
L
L
FO4KBOOT
L
X
X
FO4KBOOT
The Reset Tim ing For Entering
F04K BO O T M ode
P 2.7
Hi-Z
P 2.6
Hi-Z
RST
300m s
10ms
T h e R e s e t T im in g F o r
E n t e r in g F 0 4 K B O O T M o d e
H i- Z
P 4 .3
RST
300 m s
10 m s
NOTE1: The possible situation that you need to enter F04KBOOT mode is when the APROM program
can not run normally and W78E516D/W78E058D can not jump to LDROM to execute on chip pro-
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Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
gramming function. Then you can use this F04KBOOT mode to force the W78E516D/W78E058D
jump to LDROM and run on chip programming procedure. When you design your system, you can
connect the pins P26, P27 to switches or jumpers. For example in a CD ROM system, you can connect the P26 and P27 to PLAY and EJECT buttons on the panel. When the APROM program is fail to
execute the normal application program. User can press both two buttons at the same time and then
switch on the power of the personal computer to force the W78E516D/W78E058D to enter the
F04KBOOT mode. After power on of personal computer, you can release both PLAY and EJECT button.
NOTE2: In application system design, user must take care the P2, P3, ALE, /EA and /PSEN pin value
at reset to avoid W78E516D/W78E058D entering the programming mode or F04KBOOT mode in
normal operation.
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W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
18 ISP(IN-SYSTEM PROGRAMMING)
ISP is the ability of programmable MCU to be programmed while F/W code in AP-ROM or LD-ROM
(ISP work voltage 3.3-5.5V).
The W78E058D/516D equips one 32K byte of main ROM bank for application program (called
APROM) and one 4K byte of auxiliary ROM bank for loader program (called LDROM). In the normal
operation, the microcontroller executes the code in the APROM. If the content of APROM needs to be
modified, the W78E058D/516D allows user to activate the In-System Programming (ISP) mode by
setting the CHPCON register. The CHPCON is read-only by default, software must write two specific values 87H, then 59H sequentially to the CHPENR register to enable the CHPCON write
attribute. Writing CHPENR register with the values except 87H and 59H will close CHPCON register write attribute. The W78E058D/516D achieves all in-system programming operations including
enter/exit ISP Mode, program, erase, read ... etc, during device in the idle mode. Setting the bit
CHPCON.0 the device will enter in-system programming mode after a wake-up from idle mode. Because device needs proper time to complete the ISP operations before awaken from idle mode, software may use timer interrupt to control the duration for device wake-up from idle mode. To perform
ISP operation for revising contents of APROM, software located at APROM setting the CHPCON register then enter idle mode, after awaken from idle mode the device executes the corresponding interrupt service routine in LDROM. Because the device will clear the program counter while switching
from APROM to LDROM, the first execution of RETI instruction in interrupt service routine will jump to
00H at LDROM area. The device offers a software reset for switching back to APROM while the content of APROM has been updated completely. Setting CHPCON register bit 0, 1 and 7 to logic-1
will result a software reset to reset the CPU. The software reset serves as a external reset. This insystem programming feature makes the job easy and efficient in which the application needs to update firmware frequently. In some applications, the in-system programming feature make it possible to
easily update the system firmware without opening the chassis.
SFRAH, SFRAL: The objective address of on-chip ROM in the in-system programming mode.
SFRAH contains the high-order byte of address, SFRAL contains the low-order
byte of address.
SFRFD: The programming data for on-chip ROM in programming mode.
SFRCN: The control byte of on-chip ROM programming mode.
SFRCN (C7)
BIT
NAME
7
-
FUNCTION
Reserve.
On-chip ROM bank select for in-system programming.
0: 32K/64K bytes ROM bank is selected as destination for reprogramming.
1: 4K bytes ROM bank is selected as destination for re-programming.
6
WFWIN
5
OEN
ROM output enable.
4
CEN
ROM chip enable.
3, 2, 1, 0
CTRL [3:0] The flash control signals
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Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
MODE
WFWIN
OEN
CEN
CTRL
SFRAH, SFRAL
SFRFD
Erase 32KB/64KB
APROM
0
1
0
0010
X
X
Program 32KB/64KB
APROM
0
1
0
0001
Address in
Data in
Read 32KB/64KB
APROM
0
0
0
0000
Address in
Data out
Erase 4KB LDROM
1
1
0
0010
X
X
Program 4KB LDROM
1
1
0
0001
Address in
Data in
Read 4KB LDROM
1
0
0
0000
Address in
Data out
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W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
T h e A lg o rith m o f In -S y s te m P ro g ra m m in g
P a rt 1 :A P R O M p ro c e d u re
o f e n te rin g In -S y s te m
P ro g ra m m in g M o d e
START
E n ter In-S y stem
P ro g ram m in g M o d e ?
(co n d itio n s d ep en d o n u ser 's
ap p licatio n )
No
Y es
S ettin g co n tro l reg isters
M O V C H P E N R ,# 8 7 H
M O V C H P E N R ,# 5 9 H
M O V C H P C O N ,# 0 3 H
E x ecu te th e n o rm al ap p licatio n
p ro g ram
S ettin g T im er (ab o u t 1 .5 u s) an d
en ab le tim er in terru p t
END
S tart T im er an d en ter id le M o d e.
( C P U w ill b e w ak en ed fro m id le m o d e b y
tim er in terru p t, th en en ter In -S y stem
P ro g ram m in g m o d e )
C P U w ill b e w ak en ed b y in terru p t an d re b o o t fro m 4 K B L D R O M to ex ecu te th e
lo ad er p ro g ram .
Go
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Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
Part 2: 4KB LDROM
Go
Procedure of Updating
the APROM
Timer Interrupt Service
Routine:
Stop Timer & disable interrupt
PGM
Is F04KBOOT Mode?
(CHPCON.7=1)
N
o
Setting Timer and enable
Timer interrupt for wake-up .
(15ms for erasing operation)
Setting erase operation mode:
MOV SFRCN,#22H
(Erase 64KB APROM)
Start Timer and enter IDLE
Mode.
(Erasing...)
Yes
End of Programming ?
Yes
No
Reset the CHPCON Register:
MOV CHPENR,#87H
MOV CHPENR,#59H
MOV CHPCON,#03H
Setting Timer and enable
Timer interrupt for wake-up .
(150us for program operation)
Get the parameters of new
code (Address and data bytes)
through I/O ports, UART or
other interfaces.
Software reset CPU and
r e-b o ot f ro m t h e 6 4KB
APROM.
MOV CHPENR,#87H
MOV CHPENR,#59H
MOV CHPCON,#83H
Setting control registers for
programming:
MOV SFRAH,#ADDRESS_H
MOV SFRAL,#ADDRESS_L
MOV SFRFD,#DATA
MOV SFRCN,#21H
End of erase
operation. CPU will
be wakened by
Timer interrupt.
END
Executing new code from
address 00H in the 64KB
APROM.
PGM
Note: Setting the CHPCON from 00H to 03H will clear the program counter (PC).
19 CONFIG BITS
During the on-chip Flash EPROM operation mode, the Flash EPROM can be programmed and verified repeatedly. Until the code inside the Flash EPROM is confirmed OK, the code can be protected.
The protection of Flash EPROM and those operations on it are described below.
The W78E516D/W78E058D has several Special Setting Registers, including the Security Register
and Company/Device ID Registers, which can not be accessed in programming mode. Those bits of
the Security Registers can not be changed once they have been programmed from high to low. They
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W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
can only be reset through erase-all operation. The contents of the Company ID and Device ID registers have been set in factory.
B7 B6
B5 B4 B3 B2
B1 B0
B 0 : L o c k b it
lo g ic 0 : E n a b le , a ll o f th e A P R O M /L D R O M /C o n fig
B its w ill b e lo c k e d .
B 1 : M O V C in h ib it
lo g ic 0 : T h e M O V C in s tru c tio n in e x te rn a l m e m o ry
c a n n o t a c c e s s th e c o d e in in te rn a l m e m o ry
lo g ic 1 : n o re s tric tio n .
B 5 : M a c h in e C y c le S e le c t
lo g ic 0 : 6 T
lo g ic 1 : 1 2 T
B 7 : O s c illa to r C o n tro l
lo g ic 0 : 1 /2 g a in
lo g ic 1 : F u ll g a in
D e fa u lt 1 fo r a ll s e c u rity b its .
R e s e rv e d b its m u s t b e k e p t in lo g ic 1 .
C o n fig B its
Bit 0: Lock bits
This bit is used to protect the customer's program code in the W78E516D/W78E058D. It may be set
after the programmer finishes the programming and verifies sequence. Once these bits are set to logic
0, both the FLASH data and Special Setting Registers can not be accessed again.
Bit 1: Movc inhibit
This bit is used to restrict the accessible region of the MOVC instruction. It can prevent the MOVC instruction in external program memory from reading the internal program code. When this bit is set to
logic 0, a MOVC instruction in external program memory space will be able to access code only in the
external memory, not in the internal memory. A MOVC instruction in internal program memory space
will always be able to access the ROM data in both internal and external memory. If this bit is logic 1,
there are no restrictions on the MOVC instruction.
Bit 5: Machine Cycle Select
This bit is select MCU core, default value is logic 1(12T). Once these bits are set to logic 0, the MCU
core is 6T.
Bit 7: Crystal Select
If this bit is set to logic 0 (24 MHz), the EMI effect will be reduce. If this bit is set to logic 1 (40 MHz ),
the W78E516D/W78E058D could to use 40MHz crystal, but the EMI effect is major. So we provide the
option bit which could be chose by customer.
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Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
20 TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUITS
External Program Memory and Crystal
CRY STAL
19
EA
40
VDD
31
C1
VSS
20
VCC
XTAL1
R
C2
18
RST
9
12
13
14
15
VCC
10uF
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
8.2K
XTAL2
RST
P2.0
P2.1
P2.2
P2.3
P2.4
P2.5
P2.6
P2.7
P3.2/INT0
P3.3/INT1
P3.4/T0
P3.5/T1
P1.0/T2
P1.1/T2EX
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7
P0.0
P0.1
P0.2
P0.3
P0.4
P0.5
P0.6
P0.7
WR/P3.6
RD/P3.7
PSEN
ALE
TXD/P3.1
RXD/P3.0
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
AD0
AD1
AD2
AD3
AD4
AD5
AD6
AD7
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
A8
A9
A10
A11
A12
A13
A14
A15
AD0
AD1
AD2
AD3
AD4
AD5
AD6
AD7
3
4
7
8
13
14
17
18
1
11
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
Q0
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q5
Q6
Q7
A0
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
2
5
6
9
12
15
16
19
OC
G
74373
A0
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
A9
A10
A11
A12
A13
A14
A15
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
25
24
21
23
2
26
27
1
20
22
16
17
29
30
11
10
A0
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
A9
A10
A11
A12
A13
A14
A15
O0
O1
O2
O3
O4
O5
O6
O7
11
12
13
15
16
17
18
19
AD0
AD1
AD2
AD3
AD4
AD5
AD6
AD7
CE
OE
64KB ROM
PSEN
ALE
W78E516DDG-40DIP
or
W78E058DDG-40DIP
Figure A
Expanded External Data Memory and Oscillator
VCC
19
18
RST
9
12
13
14
15
VCC
10uF
8.2K
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
EA
XTAL1
XTAL2
RST
P3.2/INT0
P3.3/INT1
P3.4/T0
P3.5/T1
P1.0/T2
P1.1/T2EX
P1.2
P1.3
P1.4
P1.5
P1.6
P1.7
40
VDD
31
Oscillator
VSS
20
VCC
P0.0
P0.1
P0.2
P0.3
P0.4
P0.5
P0.6
P0.7
P2.0
P2.1
P2.2
P2.3
P2.4
P2.5
P2.6
P2.7
39
38
37
36
35
34
33
32
AD0
AD1
AD2
AD3
AD4
AD5
AD6
AD7
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
A8
A9
A10
A11
A12
A13
A14
A15
AD0
AD1
AD2
AD3
AD4
AD5
AD6
AD7
3
4
7
8
13
14
17
18
1
11
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
OC
G
74373
Q0
Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q5
Q6
Q7
2
5
6
9
12
15
16
19
A0
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A0
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
A9
A10
A11
A12
A13
A14
A15
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
27
26
23
25
4
28
3
31
A0
A1
A2
A3
A4
A5
A6
A7
A8
A9
A10
A11
A12
A13
A14
A15
64KB RAM
WR/P3.6
RD/P3.7
PSEN
ALE
TXD/P3.1
RXD/P3.0
16
17
29
30
11
10
/WR
/RD
ALE
W78E516DDG-40DIP
or
W78E058DDG-40DIP
Figure B
- 72 -
D0
D1
D2
D3
D4
D5
D6
D7
13
14
15
17
18
19
20
21
AD0
AD1
AD2
AD3
AD4
AD5
AD6
AD7
VCC
CS1
CS2
OE
WE
22
30
24
29
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
21 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
21.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
Min
MAX
UNIT
DC Power Supply
VDD−VSS
2.4
5.5
V
Input Voltage
VIN
VSS-0.3
VDD+0.3
V
Operating Temperature
TA
-40
+85
°C
Note: Exposure to conditions beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may adversely affects the lift and reliability of the device.
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Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011
Revision A09
W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet
21.2 D.C. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TA=-40℃~+85℃, VDD=2.4V~5.5V, VSS=0V
Sym
Parameter
Test Condition
Min
*1
Typ
Max
Unit
VIL
Input Low Voltage
(Ports 0~4, /EA,
XTAL1, RST)
2.4 < VDD < 5.5V
-0.5
0.2VDD0.1
V
VIH
Input High Voltage
(Ports 0~4, /EA)
2.4 < VDD < 5.5V
0.2VDD
+0.9
VDD+
0.5
V
VIH1
Input High Voltage
(XTAL1, RST)
2.4 < VDD < 5.5V
0.7VDD
VDD+
0.5
V
VOL
Output Low Voltage
(Ports 0~4, ALE,
/PSEN)
0.4
V
VOH1
Output High Voltage
(Ports 1~4)
VOH2
Output High Voltage
(Ports 0 & 2 in external bus mode, ALE,
/PSEN)
I IL
Logical 0 Input Current
(Ports 1~4)
VDD=5.5V, VIN=0.4V
ITL
Logical 1-to-0 Transition Current (Ports
1~4)
I LI
Input Leakage Current
(Port 0)
*3,*4
VDD=4.5V, IOL= 12.0mA
*3,*4
VDD=2.4V, IOL= 8.0mA
*4
VDD=4.5V, IOH= -300μA
*4
VDD=2.4V, IOH= -20μA
*4
VDD=4.5V, IOH= -8.0mA
*4
VDD=2.4V, IOH= -2.0mA
2.4
2.0
V
2.4
2.0
V
-45
-50
μA
VDD=5.5V, VIN=2.0V
-510
-650
μA
0 < VIN < VDD+0.5
±1.0
±10
μA
*2
*5
I DD
Power Supply Current
Active mode
@12MHz, VDD=5.0V
@40MHz, VDD=5.0V
@12MHz, VDD=3.3V
@20MHz, VDD=3.3V
10.4
18.2
3.6
4.4
Idle mode
@12MHz, VDD=5.0V
@40MHz, VDD=5.0V
@12MHz, VDD=3.3V
@20MHz, VDD=3.3V
3.4
10.3
1.3
1.9
Power-down mode
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