W78E516DDG

W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 8-BIT MICROCONTROLLER Table of Contents1 2 3 4 5 6 7 GENERAL DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................................... 4 FEATURES ................................................................................................................................. 5 PARTS INFORMATION LIST ..................................................................................................... 6 3.1 Lead Free (RoHS) Parts information list......................................................................... 6 PIN CONFIGURATIONS............................................................................................................. 7 PIN DESCRIPTIONS .................................................................................................................. 9 BLOCK DIAGRAM .................................................................................................................... 10 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION.................................................................................................. 11 7.1 On-Chip Flash EPROM ................................................................................................ 11 7.2 I/O Ports........................................................................................................................ 11 7.3 Serial I/O ....................................................................................................................... 11 7.4 Timers ........................................................................................................................... 11 7.4.1 7.5 7.6 7.7 Interrupts....................................................................................................................... 12 Data Pointers ................................................................................................................ 12 Architecture................................................................................................................... 12 7.7.1 7.7.2 7.7.3 7.7.4 7.7.5 7.7.6 7.7.7 8 10 11 12 13 ALU ................................................................................................................................12 Accumulator ...................................................................................................................12 B Register.......................................................................................................................12 Program Status Word .....................................................................................................12 Stack Pointer ..................................................................................................................13 Scratch-pad RAM ...........................................................................................................13 AUX-RAM.......................................................................................................................13 MEMORY ORGANIZATION...................................................................................................... 14 8.1 Program Memory (on-chip Flash) ................................................................................. 14 8.2 Scratch-pad RAM and Register Map ............................................................................ 14 8.2.1 8.2.2 8.2.3 8.2.4 9 Clock ..............................................................................................................................12 Working Registers ..........................................................................................................16 Bit addressable Locations ..............................................................................................16 Stack ..............................................................................................................................16 AUX-RAM.......................................................................................................................16 SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTERS ......................................................................................... 17 9.1 SFR Detail Bit Descriptions .......................................................................................... 19 INSTRUCTION.......................................................................................................................... 37 INSTRUCTION TIMING ............................................................................................................ 45 POWER MANAGEMENT.......................................................................................................... 46 12.1 Idle Mode ...................................................................................................................... 46 12.2 Power Down Mode ....................................................................................................... 46 RESET CONDITIONS............................................................................................................... 47 -1- Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 13.1 Sources of reset............................................................................................................ 47 13.1.1 13.1.2 13.1.3 13.1.4 14 13.2 Interrupt Sources .......................................................................................................... 48 13.3 Priority Level Structure ................................................................................................. 48 13.4 Interrupt Response Time .............................................................................................. 50 13.5 Interrupt Inputs.............................................................................................................. 50 PROGRAMMABLE TIMERS/COUNTERS ............................................................................... 52 14.1 Timer/Counters 0 & 1.................................................................................................... 52 14.2 Time-Base Selection..................................................................................................... 52 14.2.1 14.2.2 14.2.3 14.2.4 14.3 17 18 19 20 21 Capture Mode...............................................................................................................54 Auto-Reload Mode, Counting up ..................................................................................55 Baud Rate Generator Mode .........................................................................................56 WATCHDOG TIMER................................................................................................................. 57 SERIAL PORT .......................................................................................................................... 59 16.1 MODE 0 ........................................................................................................................ 59 16.2 MODE 1 ........................................................................................................................ 60 16.3 MODE 2 ........................................................................................................................ 61 F04KBOOT MODE (BOOT FROM 4K BYTES OF LDROM )................................................... 65 ISP(IN-SYSTEM PROGRAMMING) ......................................................................................... 67 CONFIG BITS ........................................................................................................................... 70 TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUITS ........................................................................................ 72 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS......................................................................................... 73 21.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings .......................................................................................... 73 21.2 D.C. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS .................................................................... 74 21.3 AC CHARACTERISTICS.............................................................................................. 75 21.4 TIMING waveforms....................................................................................................... 77 21.4.1 21.4.2 21.4.3 21.4.4 21.4.5 22 Mode 0 .........................................................................................................................52 Mode 1 .........................................................................................................................52 Mode 2 .........................................................................................................................53 Mode 3 .........................................................................................................................54 Timer/Counter 2 ............................................................................................................ 54 14.3.1 14.3.2 14.3.3 15 16 External Reset ..............................................................................................................47 Watchdog Timer Reset.................................................................................................47 Software Reset .............................................................................................................47 RESET STATE .............................................................................................................47 Program Fetch Cycle....................................................................................................77 Data Read Cycle ..........................................................................................................78 Data Write Cycle...........................................................................................................78 Port Access Cycle ........................................................................................................79 Reset Pin Access Cycle ...............................................................................................79 PACKAGE DIMENSIONS ......................................................................................................... 80 22.1 40-pin DIP ..................................................................................................................... 80 22.2 44-pin PLCC ................................................................................................................. 81 22.3 44-pin PQFP ................................................................................................................. 82 -2- W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 23 22.4 48-pin LQFP.................................................................................................................. 83 REVISION HISTORY ................................................................................................................ 89 -3- Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION The W78E516D/W78E058D series is an 8-bit microcontroller which has an in-system programmable Flash EPROM for on-chip firmware updating. The instruction sets of the W78E516D/W78E058D are fully compatible with the standard 8052. The W78E516D/W78E058D series contains a 64K/32K bytes of main Flash EPROM and a 4K bytes of auxiliary Flash EPROM which allows the contents of the 64K/32K bytes main Flash EPROM to be updated by the loader program located in the 4K bytes Flash EPROM; a 256 bytes of SRAM; 256 bytes of AUXRAM; four 8-bit bi-directional and bit-addressable I/O ports; an additional 4-bit port P4; three 16-bit timer/counters; a serial port. These peripherals are supported by an 8 sources 2-level interrupt capability. To facilitate programming and verification, the Flash EPROM inside the W78E516D/W78E058D series allows the program memory to be programmed and read electronically. Once the code is confirmed, the user can protect the code for security. The W78E516D/W78E058D series microcontroller has two power reduction modes, idle mode and power-down mode, both of which are software selectable. The idle mode turns off the processor clock but allows for continued peripheral operation. The power-down mode stops the crystal oscillator for minimum power consumption. The external clock can be stopped at any time and in any state without affecting the processor. -4- W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 2 FEATURES • Fully static design 8-bit CMOS microcontroller • Optional 12T or 6T mode „ 12T Mode, 12 clocks per machine cycle operation (default), Speed up to 40 MHz/5V „ 6T Mode, 6 clocks per machine cycle operation set by the writer, Speed up to 20 MHz/5V • Wide supply voltage of 2.4 to 5.5V • Temperature grade is (-40oC~85oC) • 64K/32K bytes of in-system programmable FLASH EPROM for Application Program (APROM) • 4K bytes of auxiliary FLASH EPROM for Loader Program (LDROM) • Low standby current at full supply voltage • 512 bytes of on-chip RAM. (include 256 bytes of AUX-RAM, software selectable) • 64K bytes program memory address space and 64K bytes data memory address space • One 4-bit multipurpose programmable port, additional INT2 / INT3 • Support Watch Dog Timer • Three 16-bit timer/counters • One full duplex serial port • 8-sources, 2-level interrupt capability • Software Reset • Built-in power management with idle mode and power down mode • Code protection • Packages: - Lead Free (RoHS) DIP 40: W78E516DDG - Lead Free (RoHS) PLCC 44: W78E516DPG - Lead Free (RoHS) PQFP 44: W78E516DFG - Lead Free (RoHS) LQFP 48: W78E516DLG - Lead Free (RoHS) DIP 40: W78E058DDG - Lead Free (RoHS) PLCC 44: W78E058DPG - Lead Free (RoHS) PQFP 44: W78E058DFG - Lead Free (RoHS) LQFP 48: W78E058DLG -5- Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 3 PARTS INFORMATION LIST 3.1 Lead Free (RoHS) Parts information list Table 3-1: Lead Free (RoHS) Parts information list PART NO. APROM FLASH SIZE LDROM FLASH SIZE RAM PACKAGE 512 Bytes DIP-40 Pin 512 Bytes PLCC-44 Pin W78E516DFG 512 Bytes PQFP-44 Pin W78E516DLG 512 Bytes LQFP-48 Pin W78E058DDG 512 Bytes DIP-40 Pin 512 Bytes PLCC-44 Pin W78E058DFG 512 Bytes PQFP-44 Pin W78E058DLG 512 Bytes LQFP-48 Pin W78E516DDG W78E516DPG W78E058DPG 64K Bytes 32K Bytes 4K Bytes 4K Bytes -6- Temperature grade -40oC~85oC -40oC~85oC W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet PIN CONFIGURATIONS 4 DIP 40-pin AD3, P0.3 AD2, P0.2 AD1, P0.1 AD0, P0.0 VDD INT3, P4.2 T2, P1.0 T2EX, P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 6 5 4 3 2 1 44 43 42 41 40 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 P2.4, A12 P2.3, A11 P2.2, A10 P2.1, A9 P2.0, A8 P4.0 VSS XTAL1 XTAL2 P3.7, RD P3.6, WR Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 -7- W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet AD3, P0.3 AD2, P0.2 AD1, P0.1 AD0, P0.0 VDD INT3, P4.2 T2, P1.0 T2EX, P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7 RST RXD, P3.0 INT2, P4.3 TXD, P3.1 INT0, P3.2 INT1, P3.3 T0, P3.4 T1, P3.5 1 33 2 32 3 31 4 30 5 29 PQFP 44-pin 6 28 7 27 8 26 9 25 10 24 11 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 P0.4, AD4 P0.5, AD5 P0.6, AD6 P0.7, AD7 EA P4.1 ALE PSEN P2.7, A15 P2.6, A14 P2.5, A13 P2.4, A12 P2.3, A11 P2.2, A10 P2.1, A9 P2.0, A8 P4.0 VSS XTAL1 XTAL2 P3.7, RD P3.6, WR AD2, P0.3 AD2, P0.2 AD1, P0.1 AD0, P0.0 VDD INT3, P4.2 T2, P1.0 T2EX, P1.1 P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 NC 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 1 36 2 35 3 34 4 33 5 32 6 31 LQFP 48-pin 7 30 8 29 9 28 10 27 11 26 12 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7 RST P3.0 INT2, P4.3 P3.1 INT0, P3.2 INT1, P3.3 T0, P3.4 T1, P3.5 NC NC P2.4, A12 P2.3, A11 P2.2, A10 P2.1, A9 P2.0, A8 P4.0 VSS XTAL1 XTAL2 P3.7, RD P3.6, WR -8- NC P0.4, AD4 P0.5, AD5 P0.6, AD6 P0.7, AD7 EA P4.1 ALE PSEN P2.7, A15 P2.6, A14 P2.5, A13 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 5 PIN DESCRIPTIONS SYMBOL EA TYPE I PSEN O H ALE O H RST I L XTAL1 I XTAL2 VSS VDD P0.0−P0.7 O I I I/O D P1.0−P1.7 I/O H P2.0−P2.7 I/O H P3.0−P3.7 I/O H DESCRIPTIONS EXTERNAL ACCESS ENABLE: This pin forces the processor to execute the external ROM. The ROM address and data will not be present on the bus if the EA pin is high and the program counter is within the internal ROM area. Otherwise they will be present on the bus. PROGRAM STORE ENABLE: PSEN enables the external ROM data in the Port 0 address/data bus. When internal ROM access is performed, no PSEN strobe signal outputs originate from this pin. ADDRESS LATCH ENABLE: ALE is used to enable the address latch that separates the address from the data on Port 0. ALE runs at 1/6th of the oscillator frequency. An ALE pulse is omitted during external data memory accesses. RESET: A high on this pin for two machine cycles while the oscillator is running resets the device. CRYSTAL 1: This is the crystal oscillator input. This pin may be driven by an external clock. CRYSTAL 2: This is the crystal oscillator output. It is the inversion of XTAL1. GROUND: ground potential. POWER SUPPLY: Supply voltage for operation. PORT 0: Port 0 is an open-drain bi-directional I/O port. This port also provides a multiplexed low order address/data bus during accesses to external memory. PORT 1: Port 1 is a bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. The bits have alternate functions which are described below: T2(P1.0): Timer/Counter 2 external count input T2EX(P1.1): Timer/Counter 2 Reload/Capture/Direction control PORT 2: Port 2 is a bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. This port also provides the upper address bits for accesses to external memory. PORT 3: Port 3 is a bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. All bits have alternate functions, which are described below: RXD(P3.0): Serial Port 0 input TXD(P3.1): Serial Port 0 output INT0 (P3.2) : External Interrupt 0 INT1 (P3.3) : External Interrupt 1 T0(P3.4) : Timer 0 External Input T1(P3.5) : Timer 1 External Input WR (P3.6) : External Data Memory Write Strobe P4.0−P4.3 I/O H RD (P3.7) : External Data Memory Read Strobe PORT 4: Another bit-addressable bidirectional I/O port P4. P4.3 and P4.2 are alternative function pins. It can be used as general I/O port or external interrupt input sources ( INT2 / INT3 ). * Note : TYPE I: input, O: output, I/O: bi-directional, H: pull-high, L: pull-low, D: open drain -9- Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 6 BLOCK DIAGRAM Figure 6- 1 W78E516D/W78E058D Block Diagram - 10 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 7 FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION The W78E516D/W78E058D series architecture consists of a core controller surrounded by various registers, four general purpose I/O ports, one special purpose programmable 4-bits I/O port, 512 bytes of RAM, three timer/counters, a serial port. The processor supports 111 different op-codes and references both a 64K program address space and a 64 K data storage space. 7.1 On-Chip Flash EPROM The W78E516D/W78E058D series includes one 64K/32K bytes of main FLASH EPROM for application program (APROM) and one 4K bytes of FLASH EPROM for loader program (LDROM) when operating the in-system programming feature. In normal operation, the microcontroller will execute the code from the 64K/32K bytes of main FLASH EPROM. By setting program registers, user can force microcontroller to switch to the programming mode which microcontroller will execute the code (loader program) from the 4K bytes of auxiliary FLASH EPROM, and this loader program is going to update the contents of the 64K/32K bytes of main FLASH EPROM. After reset, the microcontroller executes the new application program in the main FLASH EPROM. This in-system programming feature makes the job easy and efficient in which the application needs to update firmware frequently. In some applications, the in-system programming feature make it possible that the end-user is able to easily update the system firmware by the them without opening the chassis. 7.2 I/O Ports The W78E516D/W78E058D series has four 8-bit ports and one extra 4-bit port. Port 0 can be used as an Address/Data bus when external program is running or external memory/device is accessed by MOVC or MOVX instruction. In these cases, it has strong pull-ups and pull-downs, and does not need any external pull-ups. Otherwise it can be used as a general I/O port with open-drain circuit. Port 2 is used chiefly as the upper 8-bits of the Address bus when port 0 is used as an address/data bus. It also has strong pull-ups and pull-downs when it serves as an address bus. Port1 and 3 act as I/O ports with alternate functions. Port 4 is only available on PLCC/QFP/LQFP package type. It serves as a general purpose I/O port as Port 1 and Port 3. Another bit-addressable bidirectional I/O port P4. P4.3 and P4.2 are alternative function pins. It can be used as general I/O port or external interrupt input sources ( INT2 / INT3 ). 7.3 Serial I/O The W78E516D/W78E058D series have one serial port that is functionally similar to the serial port of the original 8032 family. However the serial port on the W78E516D/W78E058D series can operate in different modes in order to obtain timing similarity as well. 7.4 Timers Timers 0, 1, and 2 each consist of two 8-bit data registers. These are called TL0 and TH0 for Timer 0, TL1 and TH1 for Timer 1, and TL2 and TH2 for Timer 2. The TCON and TMOD registers provide control functions for timers 0 and 1. The T2CON register provides control functions for Timer 2. RCAP2H and RCAP2L are used as reload/capture registers for Timer 2. The operations of Timer 0 and Timer 1 are the same as in the 8051 CPU. Timer 2 is a special feature of the W78E516D/W78E058D series: it is a 16-bit timer/counter that is configured and controlled by the T2CON register. Like Timers 0 and 1, Timer 2 can operate as either an external event counter or - 11 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet as an internal timer, depending on the setting of bit C/T2 in T2CON. Timer 2 has three operating modes: capture, auto-reload, and baud rate generator. The clock speed at capture or auto-reload mode is the same as that of Timers 0 and 1. 7.4.1 Clock The W78E516D/W78E058D series are designed to be used with either a crystal oscillator or an external clock. Internally, the clock is divided by two before it is used by default. This makes the W78E516D/W78E058D series relatively insensitive to duty cycle variations in the clock. 7.5 Interrupts The Interrupt structure in the W78E516D/W78E058D series is slightly different from that of the standard 8052. Due to the presence of additional features and peripherals, the number of interrupt sources and vectors has been increased. The W78E516D/W78E058D series provides 8 interrupt resources with two priority level, including four external interrupt sources, three timer interrupts, serial I/O interrupts. 7.6 Data Pointers The data pointer of W78E516D/W78E058D series is same as standard 8052 that have one 16-bit Data Pointer (DPTR). 7.7 Architecture The W78E516D/W78E058D series are based on the standard 8052 device. It is built around an 8-bit ALU that uses internal registers for temporary storage and control of the peripheral devices. It can execute the standard 8052 instruction set. 7.7.1 ALU The ALU is the heart of the W78E516D/W78E058D series. It is responsible for the arithmetic and logical functions. It is also used in decision making, in case of jump instructions, and is also used in calculating jump addresses. The user cannot directly use the ALU, but the Instruction Decoder reads the op-code, decodes it, and sequences the data through the ALU and its associated registers to generate the required result. The ALU mainly uses the ACC which is a special function register (SFR) on the chip. Another SFR, namely B register is also used Multiply and Divide instructions. The ALU generates several status signals which are stored in the Program Status Word register (PSW). 7.7.2 Accumulator The Accumulator (ACC) is the primary register used in arithmetic, logical and data transfer operations in the W78E516D/W78E058D series. Since the Accumulator is directly accessible by the CPU, most of the high speed instructions make use of the ACC as one argument. 7.7.3 B Register This is an 8-bit register that is used as the second argument in the MUL and DIV instructions. For all other instructions it can be used simply as a general purpose register. 7.7.4 Program Status Word This is an 8-bit SFR that is used to store the status bits of the ALU. It holds the Carry flag, the Auxiliary Carry flag, General purpose flags, the Register Bank Select, the Overflow flag, and the Parity flag. - 12 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 7.7.5 Stack Pointer The W78E516D/W78E058D series has an 8-bit Stack Pointer which points to the top of the Stack. This stack resides in the Scratch Pad RAM in the W78E516D/W78E058D series. Hence the size of the stack is limited by the size of this RAM. 7.7.6 Scratch-pad RAM The W78E516D/W78E058D series has a 256 bytes on-chip scratch-pad RAM. This can be used by the user for temporary storage during program execution. A certain section of this RAM is bit addressable, and can be directly addressed for this purpose. 7.7.7 AUX-RAM AUX-RAM 0H~255H is addressed indirectly as the same way to access external data memory with the MOVX instruction. The data memory region is from 0000H to 00FFH. Memory MAP shows the memory map for this product series. W78E516D/W78E058D series can read/write 256 bytes AUX RAM by the MOVX instruction. - 13 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 8 MEMORY ORGANIZATION The W78E516D/W78E058D series separate the memory into two separate sections, the Program Memory and the Data Memory. The Program Memory is used to store the instruction op-codes, while the Data Memory is used to store data or for memory mapped devices. Indirect Addressing RAM 80H 7FH 00H FFFFH FFFFH FFH SFRs Direct Addressing Only Direct & Indirect Addressing RAM 64K Bytes External Data memory 64k Bytes On Chip AP Flash FFFH FFH 00H 256 byte On Chip AUX RAM 4K byte On Chip LD ROM 0000H 0000H 0000H Figure 8- 1 Memory Map 8.1 Program Memory (on-chip Flash) The Program Memory on the W78E516D/W78E058D series can be up to 64K/32K bytes long. All instructions are fetched for execution from this memory area. The MOVC instruction can also access this memory region. 8.2 Scratch-pad RAM and Register Map As mentioned before the W78E516D/W78E058D series have separate Program and Data Memory areas. There are also several Special Function Registers (SFRs) which can be accessed by software. The SFRs can be accessed only by direct addressing, while the on-chip RAM can be accessed by either direct or indirect addressing. FFH Indirect RAM Addressing 80H 7FH 00H SFR Direct Addressing Only Direct & Indirect RAM Addressing 256 bytes RAM and SFR Data Memory Space Figure 8- 2 W78E516D/W78E058D RAM and SFR Memory Map - 14 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet Since the scratch-pad RAM is only 256bytes it can be used only when data contents are small. There are several other special purpose areas within the scratch-pad RAM. These are illustrated in next figure. FFH Indirect RAM 80H 7FH Direct RAM 30H 2FH 7F 7E 7D 7C 7B 7A 79 78 2EH 77 76 75 74 73 72 71 70 2DH 6F 6E 6D 6C 6B 6A 69 68 2CH 67 66 65 64 63 62 61 60 2BH 5F 5E 5D 5C 5B 5A 59 58 2AH 57 56 55 54 53 52 51 50 29H 4F 4E 4D 4C 4B 4A 49 48 28H 47 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 27H 3F 3E 3D 3C 3B 3A 39 38 26H 37 36 35 34 33 32 31 30 25H 2F 2E 2D 2C 2B 2A 29 28 24H 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 23H 1F 1E 1D 1C 1B 1A 19 18 22H 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 21H 0F 0E 0D 0C 0B 0A 09 08 20H 1FH 07 06 05 04 03 02 01 00 Bank 3 18H 17H Bank 2 10H 0FH Bank 1 08H 07H Bank 0 00H Figure 8- 3 Scratch-pad RAM - 15 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 8.2.1 Working Registers There are four sets of working registers, each consisting of eight 8-bit registers. These are termed as Banks 0, 1, 2, and 3. Individual registers within these banks can be directly accessed by separate instructions. These individual registers are named as R0, R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7. However, at one time the W78E516D/W78E058D series can work with only one particular bank. The bank selection is done by setting RS1-RS0 bits in the PSW. The R0 and R1 registers are used to store the address for indirect accessing. 8.2.2 Bit addressable Locations The Scratch-pad RAM area from location 20h to 2Fh is byte as well as bit addressable. This means that a bit in this area can be individually addressed. In addition some of the SFRs are also bit addressable. The instruction decoder is able to distinguish a bit access from a byte access by the type of the instruction itself. In the SFR area, any existing SFR whose address ends in a 0 or 8 is bit addressable. 8.2.3 Stack The scratch-pad RAM can be used for the stack. This area is selected by the Stack Pointer (SP), which stores the address of the top of the stack. Whenever a jump, call or interrupt is invoked the return address is placed on the stack. There is no restriction as to where the stack can begin in the RAM. By default however, the Stack Pointer contains 07h at reset. The user can then change this to any value desired. The SP will point to the last used value. Therefore, the SP will be incremented and then address saved onto the stack. Conversely, while popping from the stack the contents will be read first, and then the SP is decreased. 8.2.4 AUX-RAM AUX-RAM 0H~255H is addressed indirectly as the same way to access external data memory with the MOVX instruction. Address pointer are R0 and R1 of the selected register bank and DPTR register. A access to external data memory locations higher than 255 will be performed with the MOVX instruction in the same way as in the 8051. The AUX-RAM is disabled after power-on reset. Setting the bit 4 in CHPCON register will enable the access to AUX-RAM. - 16 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 9 SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTERS The W78E516D/W78E058D series uses Special Function Registers (SFRs) to control and monitor peripherals and their Modes. The SFRs reside in the register locations 80-FFh and are accessed by direct addressing only. Some of the SFRs are bit addressable. This is very useful in cases where users wish to modify a particular bit without changing the others. The SFRs that are bit addressable are those whose addresses end in 0 or 8. The W78E516D/W78E058D series contain all the SFRs present in the standard 8052. However some additional SFRs are added. In some cases the unused bits in the original 8052, have been given new functions. The list of the SFRs is as follows. W78E516D/W78E058D Special Function Registers (SFRs) and Reset Values F8 F0 E8 E0 D8 D0 C8 C0 B8 B0 A8 A0 98 90 88 80 +B +ACC +P4 +PSW +T2CON +XICON +IP +P3 +IE +P2 +SCON +P1 +TCON +P0 CHPENR RCAP2L P4CONA RCAP2H P4CONB TL2 SFRAL TH2 SFRAH SFRFD P43AL P42AL P43AH P42AH P2ECON P41AL TH0 P40AL P41AH TH1 P40AH AUXR P0UPR SFRCN CHPCON SBUF TMOD SP TL0 DPL TL1 DPH WDTC PCON FF F7 EF E7 DF D7 CF C7 BF B7 AF A7 9F 97 8F 87 Figure 9-1: Special Function Register Location Table Note: 1.The SFRs marked with a plus sign(+) are both byte- and bit-addressable. 2. The text of SFR with bold type characters are extension function registers. - 17 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet Special Function Registers: SYMBOL DEFINITION ADDRESS CHPENR Chip enable register F6H MSB BIT ADDRESS, SYMBOL LSB RESET 1111 0110B B B register F0H (F7) (F6) (F5) (F4) (F3) (F2) (F1) (F0) 0000 0000B ACC Accumulator E0H (E7) (E6) (E5) (E4) (E3) (E2) (E1) (E0) 0000 0000B P4 Port 4 D8H P43 P42 P41 P40 0000 1111B PSW Program status word D0H 0000 0000B TH2 T2 reg. high CDH 0000 0000B TL2 T2 reg. low CCH 0000 0000B RCAP2H T2 capture low CBH 0000 0000B RCAP2L T2 capture high CAH T2CON Timer 2 control C8H (D7) (D6) (D5) (D4) (D3) (D2) (D1) (D0) CY AC F0 RS1 RS0 OV F1 P 0000 0000B (CF) (CE) (CD) (CC) (CB) (CA) (C9) (C8) TF2 EXF2 RCLK TCLK EXEN2 TR2 C/T2 CP/RL2 0000 0000B SFRCN SFR for program control C7H 0000 0000B SFRFD SFR for program data C6H 0000 0000B SFRAH Port4 base address high register C5H 0000 0000B SFRAL Port4 base address low register C4H 0000 0000B P4CONB Port 4 control B C3H P43FUN1 P43FUN0 P43CMP1 P43COM0 P42FUN1 P42FUN0 P42CMP1 P42CMP2 0000 0000B P4CONA Port 4 control A C2H P41UN1 P41FUN0 P41CMP1 P41COM0 P40FUN1 P40FUN0 P40CMP1 P40CMP2 0000 0000B XICON External interrupt control C0H PX3 EX3 CHPCON Chip Control BFH SWRESET IP Interrupt priority B8H (BF) (BE) (BD) (BC) (BB) - - PT2 PS PT1 IE3 IT3 PX2 EX2 IE2 IT2 0000 0000B FBOOTSL FPROGEN XXX0 0000B[1] (BA) (B9) (B8) x000 0000B PX1 PT0 PX0 ENAUXRA M P43AH Port 4.3 comparator high address B5H 0000 0000B P43AL Port 4.3 comparator low address B4H 0000 0000B P3 Port 3 B0H P2ECON Port 2 expanded control AEH (B7) (B6) (B5) (B4) (B3) (B2) (B1) (B0) RD WR T1 T0 INT1 INT0 TXD RXD P43CSINV P42CSIN P41CSIN P40CSIN V V V - 1111 1111B 0000 0000B P42AH Port 4.2 comparator high address ADH 0000 0000B P42AL Port 4.3 comparator low address ACH 0000 0000B IE Interrupt enable A8H P2 Port 2 A0H SBUF Serial buffer 99H SCON Serial control 98H (AF) (AE) (AD) (AC) (AB) (AA) (A9) (A8) EA - ET2 ES ET1 EX1 ET0 EX0 (A7) (A6) (A5) (A4) (A3) (A2) (A1) (A0) A15 A14 A13 A12 A11 A10 A9 A8 (9F) (9E) (9D) (9C) (9B) (9A) (99) (98) SM0/FE SM1 SM2 REN TB8 RB8 TI RI 0000 0000B 1111 1111B xxxx xxxxB 0000 0000B P41AH Port 4.1 comparator high address 95H 0000 0000B P41AL Port 4.1 comparator low address 94H P1 Port 1 90H (97) (96) (95) (94) (93) (92) WDTC Watchdog control 8FH ENW CLRW WIDL - - PS2 AUXR Auxiliary 8EH ALE_OFF 0000 0110B TH1 Timer high 1 8DH 0000 0000B TH0 Timer high 0 8CH 0000 0000B TL1 Timer low 1 8BH 0000 0000B TL0 Timer low 0 8AH TMOD Timer mode 89H 0000 0000B (91) (90) T2EX T2 PS1 PS0 1111 1111B 0000 0000B 0000 0000B GATE C/T M1 - 18 - M0 GATE C/T M1 M0 0000 0000B W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet TCON Timer control 88H (8F) (8E) (8D) (8C) (8B) (8A) (89) (88) TF1 TR1 TF0 TR0 IE1 IT1 IE0 IT0 SMOD SMOD0 - POR GF1 GF0 PD 0000 0000B PCON Power control 87H P0UPR Port 0 pull up option register 86H P40AH HI address comparator of P4.0 85H 0000 0000B P40AL LO address comparator of P4.0 84H 0000 0000B DPH Data pointer high 83H 0000 0000B DPL Data pointer low 82H 0000 0000B SP Stack pointer 81H P0 Port 0 80H IDL 00x1 0000B P0UP 0000 0000B 0000 0111B (87) (86) (85) (84) (83) (82) (81) (80) 1111 1111B [1]: When CPU in F04KBOOT mode (Ref. P65), CHPCON=1xx0 0000B, other mode the CHPCON=0xx0 0000B 9.1 SFR Detail Bit Descriptions Port 0 Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P0.7 P0.6 P0.5 P0.4 P0.3 P0.2 P0.1 P0.0 Mnemonic: P0 Address: 80h BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 P0.[7:0] Port 0 is an open-drain bi-directional I/O port. This port also provides a multiplexed low order address/data bus during accesses to external memory. STACK POINTER Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 SP.7 SP.6 SP.5 SP.4 SP.3 SP.2 SP.1 SP.0 Mnemonic: SP Address: 81h BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 SP.[7:0] The Stack Pointer stores the Scratch-pad RAM address where the stack begins. In other words it always points to the top of the stack. DATA POINTER LOW Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 DPL.7 DPL.6 DPL.5 DPL.4 DPL.3 DPL.2 DPL.1 DPL.0 Mnemonic: DPL Address: 82h BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 DPL.[7:0] This is the low byte of the standard 8052 16-bit data pointer. DATA POINTER HIGH Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 - 19 - 2 1 0 Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet DPH.7 DPH.6 DPH.5 DPH.4 DPH.3 DPH.2 DPH.1 Mnemonic: DPH DPH.0 Address: 83h BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 DPH.[7:0] This is the high byte of the standard 8052 16-bit data pointer. P4.0 Base Address Low Byte Register Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P40AL.7 P40AL.6 P40AL.5 P40AL.4 P40AL.3 P40AL.2 P40AL.1 P40AL.0 Mnemonic: P40AL Address: 84h BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 P40AL.[7:0] The Base address register for comparator of P4.0. P40AL contains the loworder byte of address. P4.0 Base Address High Byte Register Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P40AH.7 P40AH.6 P40AH.5 P40AH.4 P40AH.3 P40AH.2 P40AH.1 P40AH.0 Mnemonic:P40AH Address: 85h BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 P40AH.[7:0] The Base address register for comparator of P4.0. P40AH contains the Highorder byte of address. Port 0 Pull up Option Register Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 - - - - - - - P0UP Mnemonic: P0UPR Address: 86h BIT NAME FUNCTION 0 P0UP 0: Port 0 pins are open-drain. 1: Port 0 pins are internally pulled-up. Port 0 is structurally the same as Port 2. Power Control Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 SMOD SMOD0 - - GF1 GF0 PD IDL Mnemonic: PCON BIT 7 6 NAME SMOD SMOD 0 Address: 87h FUNCTION 1: This bit doubles the serial port baud rate in mode 1, 2, and 3 when set to 1. 0: Framing Error Detection Disable. SCON.7 (SM0/FE) bit is used as SM0 (standard 8052 function). 1: Framing Error Detection Enable. SCON.7 (SM0/FE) bit is used to reflect as - 20 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 5 4 POR 3 2 1 GF1 GF0 PD 0 IDL Frame Error (FE) status flag. Reserved 0: Cleared by software. 1: Set automatically when a power-on reset has occurred. General purpose user flags. General purpose user flags. 1: The CPU goes into the POWER DOWN mode. In this mode, all the clocks are stopped and program execution is frozen. 1: The CPU goes into the IDLE mode. In this mode, the clocks CPU clock stopped, so program execution is frozen. But the clock to the serial, timer and interrupt blocks is not stopped, and these blocks continue operating. Timer Control Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TF1 TR1 TF0 TR0 IE1 IT1 IE0 IT0 Mnemonic: TCON Address: 88h BIT NAME FUNCTION 7 TF1 Timer 1 Overflow Flag. This bit is set when Timer 1 overflows. It is cleared automatically when the program does a timer 1 interrupt service routine. Software can also set or clear this bit. 6 TR1 Timer 1 Run Control. This bit is set or cleared by software to turn timer/counter on or off. 5 TF0 Timer 0 Overflow Flag. This bit is set when Timer 0 overflows. It is cleared automatically when the program does a timer 0 interrupt service routine. Software can also set or clear this bit. 4 TR0 Timer 0 Run Control. This bit is set or cleared by software to turn timer/counter on or off. 3 IE1 Interrupt 1 Edge Detect Flag: Set by hardware when an edge/level is detected on INT1 . This bit is cleared by hardware when the service routine is vectored to only if the interrupt was edge triggered. Otherwise it follows the inverse of the pin. 2 IT1 Interrupt 1 Type Control. Set/cleared by software to specify falling edge/ low level triggered external inputs. 1 IE0 Interrupt 0 Edge Detect Flag. Set by hardware when an edge/level is detected on INT0 . This bit is cleared by hardware when the service routine is vectored to only if the interrupt was edge triggered. Otherwise it follows the inverse of the pin. 0 IT0 Interrupt 0 Type Control: Set/cleared by software to specify falling edge/ low level triggered external inputs. Timer Mode Control Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 - 21 - 2 1 0 Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet GATE C/ T M1 M0 GATE TIMER1 C/ T M1 TIMER0 Mnemonic: TMOD BIT 7 NAME GATE 6 C/ T 5 4 3 M1 M0 GATE 2 C/ T 1 0 M1 M0 M0 Address: 89h FUNCTION Gating control: When this bit is set, Timer/counter 1 is enabled only while the INT1 pin is high and the TR1 control bit is set. When cleared, the INT1 pin has no effect, and Timer 1 is enabled whenever TR1 control bit is set. Timer or Counter Select: When clear, Timer 1 is incremented by the internal clock. When set, the timer counts falling edges on the T1 pin. Timer 1 mode select bit 1. See table below. Timer 1 mode select bit 0. See table below. Gating control: When this bit is set, Timer/counter 0 is enabled only while the INT 0 pin is high and the TR0 control bit is set. When cleared, the INT0 pin has no effect, and Timer 0 is enabled whenever TR0 control bit is set. Timer or Counter Select: When clear, Timer 0 is incremented by the internal clock. When set, the timer counts falling edges on the T0 pin. Timer 0 mode select bit 1. See table below. Timer 0 mode select bit 0. See table below. M1, M0: Mode Select bits: M1 M0 MODE 0 0 Mode 0: 8-bit timer/counter TLx serves as 5-bit pre-scale. 0 1 Mode 1: 16-bit timer/counter, no pre-scale. 1 0 Mode 2: 8-bit timer/counter with auto-reload from THx. 1 1 Mode 3: (Timer 0) TL0 is an 8-bit timer/counter controlled by the standard Timer0 control bits. TH0 is an 8-bit timer only controlled by Timer1 control bits. (Timer 1) Timer/Counter 1 is stopped. Timer 0 LSB Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TL0.7 TL0.6 TL0.5 TL0.4 TL0.3 TL0.2 TL0.1 TL0.0 Mnemonic: TL0 Address: 8Ah BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 TL0.[7:0] Timer 0 LSB. Timer 1 LSB Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TL1.7 TL1.6 TL1.5 TL1.4 TL1.3 TL1.2 TL1.1 TL1.0 - 22 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet Mnemonic: TL1 Address: 8Bh BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 TL1.[7:0] Timer 1 LSB. Timer 0 MSB Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TH0.7 TH0.6 TH0.5 TH0.4 TH0.3 TH0.2 TH0.1 TH0.0 Mnemonic: TH0 Address: 8Ch BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 TH0.[7:0] Timer 0 MSB. Timer 1 MSB Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TH1.7 TH1.6 TH1.5 TH1.4 TH1.3 TH1.2 TH1.1 TH1.0 Mnemonic: TH1 Address: 8Dh BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 TH1.[7:0] Timer 1 MSB. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 - - - - - - - ALE_OFF AUXR Bit: Mnemonic: AUXR Address: 8Eh BIT NAME FUNCTION 0 ALE_OFF 1: Disable ALE output 0: Enable ALE output Watchdog Timer Control Register Bit: 7 6 ENW 5 CLRW 4 WIDL 3 - Mnemonic: WDTC 2 - 1 PS2 0 PS1 PS0 Address: 8FH BIT NAME FUNCTION 7 ENW Enable watch-dog if set. 6 CLRW Clear watch-dog timer and Pre-scalar if set. This flag will be cleared automatically. 5 WIDL If this bit is set, watch-dog is enabled under IDLE mode. If cleared, watch-dog is - 23 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet disabled under IDLE mode. Default is cleared. 2-0 PS2-0 Watch-dog Pre-scalar timer select. Pre-scalar is selected when set PS2−0 as follows: PS2 PS1 PS0 PRE-SCALAR SELECT 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 4 0 1 0 8 0 1 1 16 1 0 0 32 1 0 1 64 1 1 0 128 1 1 1 256 Port 1 Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P1.7 P1.6 P1.5 P1.4 P1.3 P1.2 P1.1 P1.0 Mnemonic: P1 Address: 90h BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 P1.[7:0] General purpose I/O port. Most instructions will read the port pins in case of a port read access, however in case of read-modify-write instructions, the port latch is read. P4.1 Base Address Low Byte Register Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P41AL.7 P41AL.6 P41AL.5 P41AL.4 P41AL.3 P41AL.2 P41AL.1 P41AL.0 Mnemonic: P41AL Address: 94h BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 P41AL.[7:0] The Base address register for comparator of P4.1. P41AL contains the loworder byte of address. P4.1 Base Address High Byte Register Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P41AH.7 P41AH.6 P41AH.5 P41AH.4 P41AH.3 P41AH.2 P41AH.1 P41AH.0 Mnemonic: P41AH Address: 95h BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 P41AH.[7:0] The Base address register for comparator of P4.1. P41AH contains the Highorder byte of address. - 24 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet Serial Port Control Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 SM0/FE SM1 SM2 REN TB8 RB8 TI RI Mnemonic: SCON Address: 98h BIT NAME FUNCTION 7 SM0/FE Serial port mode select bit 0 or Framing Error Flag: The SMOD0 bit in PCON SFR determines whether this bit acts as SM0 or as FE. The operation of SM0 is described below. When used as FE, this bit will be set to indicate an invalid stop bit. This bit must be manually cleared in software to clear the FE condition. 6 SM1 Serial Port mode select bit 1. See table below. 5 SM2 Multiprocessor communication mode enable. The function of this bit is dependent on the serial port mode. Mode 0: No effect. Mode 1: Checking valid stop bit. 0 = Reception is always valid no matter the logic level of stop bit. 1 = Reception is ignored if the received stop bit is not logic 1. Mode 2 or 3: For multiprocessor communication. 0 = Reception is always valid no matter the logic level of the 9th bit. 1 = Reception is ignored if the received 9th bit is not logic 1. 4 REN Receive enable: 0: Disable serial reception. 1: Enable serial reception. 3 TB8 This is the 9th bit to be transmitted in modes 2 and 3. This bit is set and cleared by software as desired. 2 RB8 In modes 2 and 3 this is the received 9th data bit. In mode 1, if SM2 = 0, RB8 is the stop bit that was received. In mode 0 it has no function. 1 TI Transmit interrupt flag: This flag is set by hardware at the end of the 8th bit time in mode 0, or at the beginning of the stop bit in all other modes during serial transmission. This bit must be cleared by software. 0 Receive interrupt flag: This flag is set by hardware at the end of the 8th bit time in mode 0, or halfway through the stop bits time in the other modes during serial reception. However the restrictions of SM2 apply to this bit. This bit can be cleared only by software. RI Mode SM0 SM1 SM1, SM0: Mode Select bits: Description Length Baud Rate 0 0 0 Synchronous 8 Tclk divided by 4 or 12 1 0 1 Asynchronous 10 Variable 2 1 0 Asynchronous 11 Tclk divided by 32 or 64 3 1 1 Asynchronous 11 Variable - 25 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet Serial Data Buffer Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 SBUF.7 SBUF.6 SBUF.5 SBUF.4 SBUF.3 SBUF.2 SBUF.1 SBUF.0 Mnemonic: SBUF Address: 99h BIT NAME FUNCTION 7~0 SBUF Serial data on the serial port is read from or written to this location. It actually consists of two separate internal 8-bit registers. One is the receive resister, and the other is the transmit buffer. Any read access gets data from the receive data buffer, while write access is to the transmit data buffer. 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P2.7 P2.6 P2.5 P2.4 P2.3 P2.2 P2.1 P2.0 Port 2 Bit: Mnemonic: P2 Address: A0h BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 P2.[7:0] Port 2 is a bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. This port also provides the upper address bits for accesses to external memory. Interrupt Enable Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 EA - ET2 ES ET1 EX1 ET0 EX0 Mnemonic: IE Address: A8h BIT NAME FUNCTION 7 EA Global enable. Enable/Disable all interrupts. 6 - Reserved 5 ET2 Enable Timer 2 interrupt. 4 ES Enable Serial Port 0 interrupt. 3 ET1 Enable Timer 1 interrupt. 2 EX1 Enable external interrupt 1. 1 ET0 Enable Timer 0 interrupt. 0 EX0 Enable external interrupt 0. P4.2 Base Address Low Byte Register Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P42AL.7 P42AL.6 P42AL.5 P42AL.4 P42AL.3 P42AL.2 P42AL.1 P42AL.0 Mnemonic: P42AL Address: ACh - 26 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 P42AL.[7:0] The Base address register for comparator of P4.2. P42AL contains the loworder byte of address. P4.2 Base Address High Byte Register Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P42AH.7 P42AH.6 P42AH.5 P42AH.4 P42AH.3 P42AH.2 P42AH.1 P42AH.0 Mnemonic:P42AH Address: ADh BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 P42AH.[7:0] The Base address register for comparator of P4.2. P42AH contains the Highorder byte of address. Port 2 Expanded Control Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P43CSIN P42CSIN P41CSIN P40CSIN - - - - Mnemonic: P2ECON Address:AEh BIT NAME FUNCTION 7 P43CSINV The active polarity of P4.3 when pin P4.3 is defined as read and/or write strobe signal. 1 : P4.3 is active high when pin P4.3 is defined as read and/or write strobe signal. 0 : P4.3 is active low when pin P4.3 is defined as read and/or write strobe signal. 6 P42CSINV The similarity definition as P43SINV. 5 P41CSINV The similarity definition as P43SINV. 4 P40CSINV The similarity definition as P43SINV. Port 3 Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P3.7 P3.6 P3.5 P3.4 P3.3 P3.2 P3.1 P3.0 Mnemonic: P3 Address: B0h P3.7-0: General purpose Input/Output port. Most instructions will read the port pins in case of a port read access, however in case of read-modify-write instructions, the port latch is read. These alternate functions are described below: BIT NAME FUNCTION 7 P3.7 RD 6 P3.6 WR 5 P3.5 T1 4 P3.4 T0 - 27 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 3 P3.3 INT1 2 P3.2 INT0 1 P3.1 TX 0 P3.0 RX P4.3 Base Address Low Byte Register Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P43AL.7 P43AL.6 P43AL.5 P43AL.4 P43AL.3 P43AL.2 P43AL.1 P43AL.0 Mnemonic: P43AL Address: B4h BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 P43AL.[7:0] The Base address register for comparator of P4.3. P43AL contains the loworder byte of address. P4.3 Base Address High Byte Register Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P43AH.7 P43AH.6 P43AH.5 P43AH.4 P43AH.3 P43AH.2 P43AH.1 P43AH.0 Mnemonic: P43AH Address: B5h BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 P43AH.[7:0] The Base address register for comparator of P4.3. P43AH contains the Highorder byte of address. Interrupt Priority Bit: 7 6 - 5 - 4 PT2 3 PS 2 PT1 1 PX1 0 PT0 Mnemonic: IP PX0 Address: B8h BIT NAME FUNCTION 5 PT2 1: To set interrupt priority of Timer 2 is higher priority level. 4 PS 1: To set interrupt priority of Serial port 0 is higher priority level. 3 PT1 1: To set interrupt priority of Timer 1 is higher priority level. 2 PX1 1: To set interrupt priority of External interrupt 1 is higher priority level. 1 PT0 1: To set interrupt priority of Timer 0 is higher priority level. 0 PX0 1: To set interrupt priority of External interrupt 0 is higher priority level. Chip Control Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 SWRESET - - ENAUXRAM 0 0 FBOOTSL FPRGEN - 28 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet (F04KMODE) (MUST SET 0) (MUST SET 0) Mnemonic: CHPCON Address: BFh BIT NAME FUNCTION 7 SWRESET(F04KMODE) When this bit is set to 1, and both FBOOTSL and FPROGEN are set to 1. It will enforce microcontroller reset to initial condition just like power on reset. This action will re-boot the microcontroller and start to normal operation. To read this bit can determine that the F04KBOOT mode is running. 4 ENAUXRAM 1 FBOOTSL 0 FPROGEN 1: Enable on-chip AUX-RAM. 0: Disable the on-chip AUX-RAM The Loader Program Location Select. 0: The Loader Program locates at the 64K/32K Byte flash memory bank. 1: The Loader Program locates at the 4KB flash memory bank. Flash EPROM Programming Enable 1: Enable. The microcontroller switches to the programming flash mode after entering the idle mode and waken up from interrupt. The microcontroller will execute the loader program while in onchip programming mode. 0: Disable. The on-chip flash memory is read-only. In-system programmability is disabled. External Interrupt Control Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 PX3 EX3 IE3 IT3 PX2 EX2 IE2 IT2 Mnemonic: XICON Address: C0h BIT NAME FUNCTION 7 PX3 External interrupt 3 priority high if set 6 EX3 External interrupt 3 enable if set 5 IE3 If IT3 = 1, IE3 is set/cleared automatically by hardware when interrupt is detected/serviced 4 IT3 External interrupt 3 is falling-edge/low-level triggered when this bit is set/cleared by software 3 PX2 External interrupt 2 priority high if set 2 EX2 External interrupt 2 enable if set 1 IE2 If IT2 = 1, IE2 is set/cleared automatically by hardware when interrupt is detected/serviced 0 IT2 External interrupt 2 is falling-edge/low-level triggered when this bit is set/cleared by software Port 4 control A - 29 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P41FUN1 P41FUN0 P41CMP1 P41CMP0 P40FUN1 P40FUN0 P40CMP1 P40CMP0 Mnemonic: P4CONA Address: C2h BIT NAME FUNCTION 7,6 P41FUN1 P41FUN0 00: Mode 0. P4.1 is a general purpose I/O port which is the same as Port1. 01: Mode 1. P4.1is a Read Strobe signal for chip select purpose. The address range depends on the SFR P41AH, P41AL, P41CMP1 and P41CMP0. 10: Mode 2. P4.1 is a Write Strobe signal for chip select purpose. The address range depends on the SFR P41AH,P41AL,P41CMP1 and P41CMP0. 11: Mode 3. P4.1 is a Read/Write Strobe signal for chip select purpose. The address range depends on the SFR P41AH, P41AL, P41CMP1, and P41CMP0. 5,4 P41CMP1 P41CMP0 Chip-select signals address comparison: 00: Compare the full address (16 bits length) with the base address register P41AH, P41AL. 01: Compare the 15 high bits (A15-A1) of address bus with the base address register P41AH, P41AL. 10: Compare the 14 high bits (A15-A2) of address bus with the base address register P41AH, P41AL. 11: Compare the 8 high bits (A15-A8) of address bus with the base address register P41AH, P41AL. 3,2 P40FUN1 P40FUN0 The P4.0 function control bits which are the similar definition as P40FUN1, P40FUN0. . 1,0 P40CMP1 P40CMP0 The P4.0 address comparator length control bits which are the similar definition as P40CMP, P40CMP0. Port 4 control B Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 P43FUN1 P43FUN0 P43CMP1 P43CMP0 P42FUN1 P42FUN0 P42CMP1 P42CMP0 Mnemonic: P4CONB Address: C3h BIT NAME FUNCTION 7,6 P43FUN1 P43FUN0 P43CMP1 P43CMP0 P42FUN1 P42FUN0 P42CMP1 P42CMP0 The P4.3 function control bits which are the similar definition as P43FUN1, P43FUN0. . 5,4 3,2 1,0 The P4.3 address comparator length control bits which are the similar definition as P43CMP1,P43CMP0. The P4.2 function control bits which are the similar definition as P42FUN1, P42FUN0. . The P4.2 address comparator length control bits which are the similar definition as P42CMP1,P42CMP0. SFR program of address low Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 SFRAL.7 SFRAL.6 SFRAL.5 SFRAL.4 SFRAL.3 SFRAL.2 SFRAL.1 SFRAL.0 - 30 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet Mnemonic: SFRAL Address: C4h BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 SFRAL.[7:0] The programming address of on-chip flash memory in programming mode. SFRFAL contains the low-order byte of address. SFR program of address high Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 SFRAH.7 SFRAH.6 SFRAH.5 SFRAH.4 SFRAH.3 SFRAH.2 SFRAH.1 SFRAH.0 Mnemonic: SFRAH Address: C5h BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 SFRAH.[7:0] The programming address of on-chip flash memory in programming mode. SFRFAH contains the high-order byte of address. SFR program For Data Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 SFRFD.7 SFRFD.6 SFRFD.5 SFRFD.4 SFRFD.3 SFRFD.2 SFRFD.1 SFRFD.0 SFRFD Address: C6h BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 SFRFD.[7:0] The programming data for on-chip flash memory in programming mode. SFR for Program Control Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 - WFWIN OEN CEN CTRL3 CTRL2 CTRL1 CTRL0 SFRCN Address: C7h BIT NAME FUNCTION 6 WFWIN On-chip FLASH EPROM bank select for in-system programming. 0: 64K bytes FLASH EPROM bank is selected as destination for reprogramming. 1: 4K bytes FLASH EPROM bank is selected as destination for reprogramming. 5 OEN FLASH EPROM output enable. 4 CEN FLASH EPROM chip enable. 3-0 CTRL[3:0] CTRL[3:0]: The flash control signals Mode CTRL WFWIN OEN CEN SFRAH,SFRAL SFRFD Erase APROM 0010 0 1 0 X X Program APROM 0001 0 1 0 Address in Data in - 31 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet Read APROM 0000 0 0 0 Address in Data out Timer 2 Control Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TF2 EXF2 RCLK TCLK EXEN2 TR2 C / T2 CP / RL2 Mnemonic: T2CON Address: C8h BIT NAME FUNCTION 7 TF2 Timer 2 overflow flag: This bit is set when Timer 2 overflows. It can be set only if RCLK and TCLK are both 0. It is cleared only by software. Software can also set or clear this bit. 6 EXF2 Timer 2 External Flag: A negative transition on the T2EX pin (P1.1) or timer 2 overflow will cause this flag to set based on the CP / RL2 , EXEN2 bits. If set by a negative transition, this flag must be cleared by software. Setting this bit in software or detection of a negative transition on T2EX pin will force a timer interrupt if enabled. 5 RCLK Receive Clock Flag: This bit determines the serial port 0 time-base when receiving data in serial modes 1 or 3. If it is 0, then timer 1 overflow is used for baud rate generation, otherwise timer 2 overflow is used. Setting this bit forces timer 2 in baud rate generator mode. 4 TCLK Transmit Clock Flag: This bit determines the serial port 0 time-base when transmitting data in modes 1 and 3. If it is set to 0, the timer 1 overflow is used to generate the baud rate clock otherwise timer 2 overflow is used. Setting this bit forces timer 2 in baud rate generator mode. 3 EXEN2 Timer 2 External Enable. This bit enables the capture/reload function on the T2EX pin if Timer 2 is not generating baud clocks for the serial port. If this bit is 0, then the T2EX pin will be ignored, otherwise a negative transition detected on the T2EX pin will result in capture or reload. 2 TR2 Timer 2 Run Control. This bit enables/disables the operation of timer 2. Clearing this bit will halt the timer 2 and preserve the current count in TH2, TL2. 1 C / T2 Counter/Timer Select. This bit determines whether timer 2 will function as a timer or a counter. Independent of this bit, the timer will run at 2 clocks per tick when used in baud rate generator mode. 0 CP / RL2 Capture/Reload Select. This bit determines whether the capture or reload function will be used for timer 2. If either RCLK or TCLK is set, this bit will be ignored and the timer will function in an auto-reload mode following each overflow. If the bit is 0 then auto-reload will occur when timer 2 overflows or a falling edge is detected on T2EX pin if EXEN2 = 1. If this bit is 1, then timer 2 captures will occur when a falling edge is detected on T2EX pin if EXEN2 = 1. Timer 2 Capture LSB - 32 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RCAP2L.7 RCAP2L.6 RCAP2L.5 RCAP2L.4 RCAP2L.3 RCAP2L.2 RCAP2L.1 RCAP2L.0 Mnemonic: RCAP2L Address: CAh BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 RCAP2L.[7:0] This register is used to capture the TL2 value when a timer 2 is configured in capture mode. RCAP2L is also used as the LSB of a 16-bit reload value when timer 2 is configured in auto-reload mode. Timer 2 Capture MSB Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 RCAP2h.7 RCAP2h.6 RCAP2h.5 RCAP2h.4 RCAP2h.3 RCAP2h.2 RCAP2h.1 RCAP2h.0 Mnemonic: RCAP2H Address: CBh BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 RCAP2H.[7:0] This register is used to capture the TH2 value when a timer 2 is configured in capture mode. RCAP2H is also used as the MSB of a 16-bit reload value when timer 2 is configured in auto-reload mode. Timer 2 LSB Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TL2.7 TL2.6 TL2.5 TL2.4 TL2.3 TL2.2 TL2.1 TL2.0 Mnemonic: TL2 Address: CCh BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 TL2.[7:0] Timer 2 LSB Timer 2 MSB Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TH2.7 TH2.6 TH2.5 TH2.4 TH2.3 TH2.2 TH2.1 TH2.0 Mnemonic: TH2 Address: CDh BIT NAME FUNCTION 7-0 TH2.[7:0] Timer 2 MSB Program Status Word PROGRAM STATUS WORD Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 CY AC F0 RS1 RS0 OV F1 P Mnemonic: PSW BIT NAME Address: D0h FUNCTION - 33 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 7 CY 6 AC 5 F0 4 3 2 RS1 RS0 OV 1 F1 0 P Carry flag: Set for an arithmetic operation which results in a carry being generated from the ALU. It is also used as the accumulator for the bit operations. Auxiliary carry: Set when the previous operation resulted in a carry from the high order nibble. User flag 0: The General purpose flag that can be set or cleared by the user. Register bank select bits: Register bank select bits: Overflow flag: Set when a carry was generated from the seventh bit but not from the 8th bit as a result of the previous operation, or vice-versa. User Flag 1: The General purpose flag that can be set or cleared by the user by software. Parity flag: Set/cleared by hardware to indicate odd/even number of 1’s in the accumulator. RS.1-0: Register bank selection bits: RS1 RS0 Register bank Address 0 0 0 00-07h 0 1 1 08-0Fh 1 0 2 10-17h 1 1 3 18-1Fh Port 4 Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 - - - - P4.3 P4.2 P4.1 P4.0 Mnemonic: P4 Address: D8h Port 4, SFR P4 at address D8H, is a 4-bit multipurpose programmable I/O port. Each bit can be configured individually by software. The Port 4 has four different operation mode: In mode 0, P4.0−P4.3 is a bi-directional I/O port which is same as port 1. P4.2 and P4.3 also serve as external interrupt INT3 and INT2 if enabled. In mode 1, P4.0−P4.3 are read data strobe signals which are synchronized with RD signal at specified addresses. These signals can be used as chip-select signals for external peripherals. In mode 2 , P4.0−P4.3 are write data strobe signals which are synchronized with WR signal at specified addresses. These signals can be used as chip-select signals for external peripherals. In mode 3, P4.0−P4.3 are read data strobe signals which are synchronized with RD or WR signal at specified addresses. These signals can be used as chip-select signals for external peripherals. When Port 4 is configured with the feature of chip-select signals, the chip-select signal address range depends on the contents of the SFR P4xAH, P4xAL, P4CONA and P4CONB. The registers P4xAH and P4xAL contain the 16-bit base address of P4.x. The registers P4CONA and P4CONB contain the control bits to configure the Port 4 operation mode. - 34 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet Here is an example to program the P4.0 as a write strobe signal at the I/O port address 1234H ~1237H and positive polarity, and P4.1~P4.3 are used as general I/O ports. MOV P40AH,#12H MOV P40AL,#34H ;Define the base I/O address 1234H for P4.0 as an special function MOV P4CONA,#00001010B ;Define the P4.0 as a write strobe signal pin and the comparator MOV P4CONB,#00H ;P4.1~P4.3 as general I/O port which are the same as PORT1 MOV P2ECON,#10H ;Write the P40SINV =1 to inverse the P4.0 write strobe polarity ;default is negative. Then any instruction MOVX @DPTR,A (with DPTR=1234H~1237H) will generate the positive polarity write strobe signal at pin P4.0 . And the instruction MOV P4,#XX will output the bit3 to bit1 of data #XX to pin P4.3~ P4.1. P4xCSINV P4 REGISTER DATA I/O P4.x RD_CS WR_CS READ WRITE RD/WR_CS PIN MUX 4->1 P4.x P4xFUN0 ADDRESS BUS P4xFUN1 EQUAL REGISTER comparator P4xAL P4xAH Bit Length Selectable comparator P4.x INPUT DATA BUS REGISTER P4xCMP0 P4xCMP1 The Port 4 Structure Diagram ACCUMULATOR Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 - 35 - 2 1 0 Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet ACC.7 ACC.6 ACC.5 ACC.4 ACC.3 ACC.2 ACC.1 Mnemonic: ACC Bit 7-0 Name ACC ACC.0 Address: E0h Function The A or ACC register is the standard 8052 accumulator. B Register Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 B.7 B.6 B.5 B.4 B.3 B.2 B.1 B.0 Mnemonic: B Bit 7-0 Name B Address: F0h Function The B register is the standard 8052 register that serves as a second accumulator. Chip Enable Register Bit: 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 CHPENR. 7 CHPENR. 6 CHPENR. 5 CHPENR. 4 CHPENR. 3 CHPENR. 2 CHPENR. 1 CHPENR. 0 Mnemonic: CHPENR Address: F6h The CHPCON is read only by default .You must write #87,#59H sequentially to this special register CHPENR to enable the CHPCON write attribute, and write other value to disable CHPCON write attribute. This register protects from writing to the CHPCON register carelessly. - 36 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 10 INSTRUCTION The W78E516D/W78E058D series execute all the instructions of the standard 8052 family. The operations of these instructions, as well as their effects on flag and status bits, are exactly the same. Op-code HEX Code Bytes W78E516D/W78E058D series Clock cycles NOP 00 1 12 ADD A, R0 28 1 12 ADD A, R1 29 1 12 ADD A, R2 2A 1 12 ADD A, R3 2B 1 12 ADD A, R4 2C 1 12 ADD A, R5 2D 1 12 ADD A, R6 2E 1 12 ADD A, R7 2F 1 12 ADD A, @R0 26 1 12 ADD A, @R1 27 1 12 ADD A, direct 25 2 12 ADD A, #data 24 2 12 ADDC A, R0 38 1 12 ADDC A, R1 39 1 12 ADDC A, R2 3A 1 12 ADDC A, R3 3B 1 12 ADDC A, R4 3C 1 12 ADDC A, R5 3D 1 12 ADDC A, R6 3E 1 12 ADDC A, R7 3F 1 12 ADDC A, @R0 36 1 12 ADDC A, @R1 37 1 12 ADDC A, direct 35 2 12 ADDC A, #data 34 2 12 SUBB A, R0 98 1 12 SUBB A, R1 99 1 12 SUBB A, R2 9A 1 12 SUBB A, R3 9B 1 12 SUBB A, R4 9C 1 12 - 37 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet Op-code HEX Code Bytes W78E516D/W78E058D series Clock cycles SUBB A, R5 9D 1 12 SUBB A, R6 9E 1 12 SUBB A, R7 9F 1 12 SUBB A, @R0 96 1 12 SUBB A, @R1 97 1 12 SUBB A, direct 95 2 12 SUBB A, #data 94 2 12 INC A 04 1 12 INC R0 08 1 12 INC R1 09 1 12 INC R2 0A 1 12 INC R3 0B 1 12 INC R4 0C 1 12 INC R5 0D 1 12 INC R6 0E 1 12 INC R7 0F 1 12 INC @R0 06 1 12 INC @R1 07 1 12 INC direct 05 2 12 INC DPTR A3 1 24 DEC A 14 1 12 DEC R0 18 1 12 DEC R1 19 1 12 DEC R2 1A 1 12 DEC R3 1B 1 12 DEC R4 1C 1 12 DEC R5 1D 1 12 DEC R6 1E 1 12 DEC R7 1F 1 12 DEC @R0 16 1 12 DEC @R1 17 1 12 DEC direct 15 2 12 MUL AB A4 1 48 DIV AB 84 1 48 - 38 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet Op-code HEX Code Bytes W78E516D/W78E058D series Clock cycles DA A D4 1 12 ANL A, R0 58 1 12 ANL A, R1 59 1 12 ANL A, R2 5A 1 12 ANL A, R3 5B 1 12 ANL A, R4 5C 1 12 ANL A, R5 5D 1 12 ANL A, R6 5E 1 12 ANL A, R7 5F 1 12 ANL A, @R0 56 1 12 ANL A, @R1 57 1 12 ANL A, direct 55 2 12 ANL A, #data 54 2 12 ANL direct, A 52 2 12 ANL direct, #data 53 3 24 ORL A, R0 48 1 12 ORL A, R1 49 1 12 ORL A, R2 4A 1 12 ORL A, R3 4B 1 12 ORL A, R4 4C 1 12 ORL A, R5 4D 1 12 ORL A, R6 4E 1 12 ORL A, R7 4F 1 12 ORL A, @R0 46 1 12 ORL A, @R1 47 1 12 ORL A, direct 45 2 12 ORL A, #data 44 2 12 ORL direct, A 42 2 12 ORL direct, #data 43 3 24 XRL A, R0 68 1 12 XRL A, R1 69 1 12 XRL A, R2 6A 1 12 XRL A, R3 6B 1 12 - 39 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet Op-code HEX Code Bytes W78E516D/W78E058D series Clock cycles XRL A, R4 6C 1 12 XRL A, R5 6D 1 12 XRL A, R6 6E 1 12 XRL A, R7 6F 1 12 XRL A, @R0 66 1 12 XRL A, @R1 67 1 12 XRL A, direct 65 2 12 XRL A, #data 64 2 12 XRL direct, A 62 2 12 XRL direct, #data 63 3 24 CLR A E4 1 12 CPL A F4 1 12 RL A 23 1 12 RLC A 33 1 12 RR A 03 1 12 RRC A 13 1 12 SWAP A C4 1 12 MOV A, R0 E8 1 12 MOV A, R1 E9 1 12 MOV A, R2 EA 1 12 MOV A, R3 EB 1 12 MOV A, R4 EC 1 12 MOV A, R5 ED 1 12 MOV A, R6 EE 1 12 MOV A, R7 EF 1 12 MOV A, @R0 E6 1 12 MOV A, @R1 E7 1 12 MOV A, direct E5 2 12 MOV A, #data 74 2 12 MOV R0, A F8 1 12 MOV R1, A F9 1 12 MOV R2, A FA 1 12 MOV R3, A FB 1 12 MOV R4, A FC 1 12 - 40 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet Op-code HEX Code Bytes W78E516D/W78E058D series Clock cycles MOV R5, A FD 1 12 MOV R6, A FE 1 12 MOV R7, A FF 1 12 MOV R0, direct A8 2 24 MOV R1, direct A9 2 24 MOV R2, direct AA 2 24 MOV R3, direct AB 2 24 MOV R4, direct AC 2 24 MOV R5, direct AD 2 24 MOV R6, direct AE 2 24 MOV R7, direct AF 2 24 MOV R0, #data 78 2 12 MOV R1, #data 79 2 12 MOV R2, #data 7A 2 12 MOV R3, #data 7B 2 12 MOV R4, #data 7C 2 12 MOV R5, #data 7D 2 12 MOV R6, #data 7E 2 12 MOV R7, #data 7F 2 12 MOV @R0, A F6 1 12 MOV @R1, A F7 1 12 MOV @R0, direct A6 2 24 MOV @R1, direct A7 2 24 MOV @R0, #data 76 2 12 MOV @R1, #data 77 2 12 MOV direct, A F5 2 12 MOV direct, R0 88 2 24 MOV direct, R1 89 2 24 MOV direct, R2 8A 2 24 MOV direct, R3 8B 2 24 MOV direct, R4 8C 2 24 MOV direct, R5 8D 2 24 MOV direct, R6 8E 2 24 - 41 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet Op-code HEX Code Bytes W78E516D/W78E058D series Clock cycles MOV direct, R7 8F 2 24 MOV direct, @R0 86 2 24 MOV direct, @R1 87 2 24 MOV direct, direct 85 3 24 MOV direct, #data 75 3 24 MOV DPTR, #data 16 90 3 24 MOVC A, @A+DPTR 93 1 24 MOVC A, @A+PC 83 1 24 MOVX A, @R0 E2 1 24 MOVX A, @R1 E3 1 24 MOVX A, @DPTR E0 1 24 MOVX @R0, A F2 1 24 MOVX @R1, A F3 1 24 MOVX @DPTR, A F0 1 24 PUSH direct C0 2 24 POP direct D0 2 24 XCH A, R0 C8 1 12 XCH A, R1 C9 1 12 XCH A, R2 CA 1 12 XCH A, R3 CB 1 12 XCH A, R4 CC 1 12 XCH A, R5 CD 1 12 XCH A, R6 CE 1 12 XCH A, R7 CF 1 12 XCH A, @R0 C6 1 12 XCH A, @R1 C7 1 12 XCHD A, @R0 D6 1 12 XCHD A, @R1 D7 1 12 XCH A, direct C5 2 24 CLR C C3 1 12 CLR bit C2 2 12 SETB C D3 1 12 SETB bit D2 2 12 CPL C B3 1 12 - 42 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet Op-code HEX Code Bytes W78E516D/W78E058D series Clock cycles CPL bit B2 2 12 ANL C, bit 82 2 24 ANL C, /bit B0 2 24 ORL C, bit 72 2 24 ORL C, /bit A0 2 24 MOV C, bit A2 2 12 MOV bit, C 92 2 24 ACALL addr11 71, 91, B1, 11, 31, 51, D1, F1 2 24 LCALL addr16 12 3 24 RET 22 1 24 RETI 32 1 24 01, 21, 41, 61, 81, A1, C1, E1 2 24 LJMP addr16 02 3 24 JMP @A+DPTR 73 1 24 SJMP rel 80 2 24 JZ rel 60 2 24 JNZ rel 70 2 24 JC rel 40 2 24 JNC rel 50 2 24 JB bit, rel 20 3 24 JNB bit, rel 30 3 24 JBC bit, rel 10 3 24 CJNE A, direct, rel B5 3 24 CJNE A, #data, rel B4 3 24 CJNE @R0, #data, rel B6 3 24 CJNE @R1, #data, rel B7 3 24 CJNE R0, #data, rel B8 3 24 CJNE R1, #data, rel B9 3 24 CJNE R2, #data, rel BA 3 24 CJNE R3, #data, rel BB 3 24 CJNE R4, #data, rel BC 3 24 CJNE R5, #data, rel BD 3 24 AJMP ADDR11 - 43 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet Op-code HEX Code Bytes W78E516D/W78E058D series Clock cycles CJNE R6, #data, rel BE 3 24 CJNE R7, #data, rel BF 3 24 DJNZ R0, rel D8 2 24 DJNZ R1, rel D9 2 24 DJNZ R5, rel DD 2 24 DJNZ R2, rel DA 2 24 DJNZ R3, rel DB 2 24 DJNZ R4, rel DC 2 24 DJNZ R6, rel DE 2 24 DJNZ R7, rel DF 2 24 DJNZ direct, rel D5 3 24 Table 10-1: Instruction Set for W78E516D/W78E058D - 44 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 11 INSTRUCTION TIMING A machine cycle consists of a sequence of 6 states, numbered S1 through S6. Each state time lasts for two oscillator periods. Thus a machine cycle takes 12 oscillator periods or 1us if the oscillator frequency is 12MHz. Each state is divided into a Phase 1 half and a Phase 2 half. The fetch/execute sequences in states and phases for various kinds of instructions. Normally two program fetches are generated during each machine cycle, even if the instruction being executed doesn’t require it. If the instruction being executed doesn’t need more code bytes, the CPU simply ignores the extra fetch, and the Program Counter is not incremented. Execution of a one-cycle instruction begins during State 1 of the machine cycle, when the op-codes is latched into the Instruction Register. A second fetch occurs during S4 of the same machine cycle. Execution is complete at the end of State 6 of this machine cycle. The MOVX instructions take two machine cycles to execute. No program fetch is generated during the second cycle of a MOVX instruction. This is the only time program fetches are skipped. The fetch/execute sequence for MOVX instructions. The fetch/execute sequences are the same whether the Program Memory is internal or external to the chip. Execution times do not depend on whether the Program Memory is internal or external. the signals and timing involved in program fetches when the Program Memory is external. If Program Memory is external, then the Program Memory read strobe PSEN is normally activated twice per machine cycle. If an access to external Data Memory occurs, two PSENs pulse are skipped, because the address and data bus are being used for the Data Memory access. Note that a Data Memory bus cycle takes twice as much time as a Program Memory bus cycle. - 45 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 12 POWER MANAGEMENT The W78E516D/W78E058D has several features that help the user to control the power consumption of the device. The power saved features have basically the POWER DOWN mode and the IDLE mode of operation. 12.1 Idle Mode The user can put the device into idle mode by writing 1 to the bit PCON.0. The instruction that sets the idle bit is the last instruction that will be executed before the device goes into Idle Mode. In the Idle mode, the clock to the CPU is halted, but not to the Interrupt, Timer, Watchdog timer and Serial port blocks. This forces the CPU state to be frozen; the Program counter, the Stack Pointer, the Program Status Word, the Accumulator and the other registers hold their contents. The port pins hold the logical states they had at the time Idle was activated. The Idle mode can be terminated in two ways. Since the interrupt controller is still active, the activation of any enabled interrupt can wake up the processor. This will automatically clear the Idle bit, terminate the Idle mode, and the Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) will be executed. After the ISR, execution of the program will continue from the instruction which put the device into Idle mode. The Idle mode can also be exited by activating the reset. The device can put into reset either by applying a high on the external RST pin, a Power on reset condition or a Watchdog timer reset. The external reset pin has to be held high for at least two machine cycles i.e. 24 clock periods to be recognized as a valid reset. In the reset condition the program counter is reset to 0000h and all the SFRs are set to the reset condition. Since the clock is already running there is no delay and execution starts immediately. 12.2 Power Down Mode The device can be put into Power Down mode by writing 1 to bit PCON.1. The instruction that does this will be the last instruction to be executed before the device goes into Power Down mode. In the Power Down mode, all the clocks are stopped and the device comes to a halt. All activity is completely stopped and the power consumption is reduced to the lowest possible value. The port pins output the values held by their respective SFRs. The W78E516D/W78E058D will exit the Power Down mode with a reset or by an external interrupt pin enabled as level detects. An external reset can be used to exit the Power down state. The high on RST pin terminates the Power Down mode, and restarts the clock. The program execution will restart from 0000h. In the Power down mode, the clock is stopped, so the Watchdog timer cannot be used to provide the reset to exit Power down mode. The W78E516D/W78E058D can be woken from the Power Down mode by forcing an external interrupt pin activated, provided the corresponding interrupt is enabled, while the global enable(EA) bit is set and the external input has been set to a level detect mode. If these conditions are met, then the high level on the external pin re-starts the oscillator. Then device executes the interrupt service routine for the corresponding external interrupt. After the interrupt service routine is completed, the program execution returns to the instruction after one which put the device into Power Down mode and continues from there. - 46 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 13 RESET CONDITIONS The user has several hardware related options for placing the W78E516D/W78E058D into reset condition. In general, most register bits go to their reset value irrespective of the reset condition, but there are a few flags whose state depends on the source of reset. The user can use these flags to determine the cause of reset using software. 13.1 Sources of reset 13.1.1 External Reset The device continuously samples the RST pin at state S5P2 of every machine cycle. Therefore the RST pin must be held for at least 2 machine cycles (24 clock cycles) to ensure detection of a valid RST high. The reset circuitry then synchronously applies the internal reset signal. Thus the reset is a synchronous operation and requires the clock to be running to cause an external reset. For more timing descript, please reference the character 21.4.5 (Page 79). Once the device is in reset condition, it will remain so as long as RST is 1. Even after RST is deactivated, the device will continue to be in reset state for up to two machine cycles, and then begin program execution from 0000h. There is no flag associated with the external reset condition. 13.1.2 Watchdog Timer Reset The Watchdog timer is a free running timer with programmable time-out intervals. The user can clear the watchdog timer at any time, causing it to restart the count. When the time-out interval is reached an interrupt flag is set. If the Watchdog reset is enabled and the watchdog timer is not cleared, the watchdog timer will generate a reset. This places the device into the reset condition. The reset condition is maintained by hardware for two machine cycles. Once the reset is removed the device will begin execution from 0000h. 13.1.3 Software Reset The W78E516D/W78E058D offers a software reset to switch back to the AP Flash EPROM. Setting CHPCON bits 0, 1 and 7 to logic-1 creates a software reset to reset the CPU. 13.1.4 RESET STATE Most of the SFRs and registers on the device will go to the same condition in the reset state. The Program Counter is forced to 0000h and is held there as long as the reset condition is applied. However, the reset state does not affect the on-chip RAM. The data in the RAM will be preserved during the reset. However, the stack pointer is reset to 07h, and therefore the stack contents will be lost. The RAM contents will be lost if the VDD falls below approximately 2V, as this is the minimum voltage level required for the RAM to operate normally. Therefore after a first time power on reset the RAM contents will be indeterminate. During a power fail condition, if the power falls below 2V, the RAM contents are lost. After a reset most SFRs are cleared. Interrupts and Timers are disabled. The Watchdog timer is disabled if the reset source was a POR. The port SFRs have 0FFh written into them which puts the port pins in a high state. - 47 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet Interrupts The W78E516D/W78E058D has a 2 priority level interrupt structure with 8 interrupt sources. Each of the interrupt sources has an individual priority bit, flag, interrupt vector and enable bit. In addition, the interrupts can be globally enabled or disabled. 13.2 Interrupt Sources The External Interrupts INT0 and INT1 can be either edge triggered or level triggered, depending on bits IT0 and IT1. The bits IE0 and IE1 in the TCON register are the flags which are checked to generate the interrupt. In the edge triggered mode, the INTx inputs are sampled in every machine cycle. If the sample is high in one cycle and low in the next, then a high to low transition is detected and the interrupts request flag IEx in TCON is set. The flag bit requests the interrupt. Since the external interrupts are sampled every machine cycle, they have to be held high or low for at least one complete machine cycle. The IEx flag is automatically cleared when the service routine is called. If the level triggered mode is selected, then the requesting source has to hold the pin low till the interrupt is serviced. The IEx flag will not be cleared by the hardware on entering the service routine. If the interrupt continues to be held low even after the service routine is completed, then the processor may acknowledge another interrupt request from the same source. Note that the external interrupts INT2 and INT3 . By default, the individual interrupt flag corresponding to external interrupt 2 to 3 must be cleared manually by software. The Timer 0 and 1 Interrupts are generated by the TF0 and TF1 flags. These flags are set by the overflow in the Timer 0 and Timer 1. The TF0 and TF1 flags are automatically cleared by the hardware when the timer interrupt is serviced. The Timer 2 interrupt is generated by a logical OR of the TF2 and the EXF2 flags. These flags are set by overflow or capture/reload events in the timer 2 operation. The hardware does not clear these flags when a timer 2 interrupt is executed. Software has to resolve the cause of the interrupt between TF2 and EXF2 and clear the appropriate flag. The Serial block can generate interrupts on reception or transmission. There are two interrupt sources from the Serial block, which are obtained by the RI and TI bits in the SCON SFR. These bits are not automatically cleared by the hardware, and the user will have to clear these bits using software. All the bits that generate interrupts can be set or reset by hardware, and thereby software initiated interrupts can be generated. Each of the individual interrupts can be enabled or disabled by setting or clearing a bit in the IE SFR. IE also has a global enable/disable bit EA, which can be cleared to disable all the interrupts, at once. Source Vector Address Source Vector Address External Interrupt 0 0003h Timer 0 Overflow 000Bh External Interrupt 1 0013h Timer 1 Overflow 001Bh Serial Port 0023h Timer 2 Overflow 002Bh External Interrupt 2 0033h External Interrupt 3 003Bh Table 13- 1 W78E516D/W78E058D interrupt vector table 13.3 Priority Level Structure There are two priority levels for the interrupts high, low. The interrupt sources can be individually set to either high or low levels. Naturally, a higher priority interrupt cannot be interrupted by a lower priority interrupt. However there exists a pre-defined hierarchy amongst the interrupts themselves. This hierarchy comes into play when the interrupt controller has to resolve simultaneous requests having the same priority level. This hierarchy is defined as shown on Table. - 48 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet The interrupt flags are sampled every machine cycle. In the same machine cycle, the sampled interrupts are polled and their priority is resolved. If certain conditions are met then the hardware will execute an internally generated LCALL instruction which will vector the process to the appropriate interrupt vector address. The conditions for generating the LCALL are; 1. An interrupt of equal or higher priority is not currently being serviced. 2. The current polling cycle is the last machine cycle of the instruction currently being executed. 3. The current instruction does not involve a write to IE, IP, XICON registers and is not a RETI. If any of these conditions are not met, then the LCALL will not be generated. The polling cycle is repeated every machine cycle, with the interrupts sampled in the same machine cycle. If an interrupt flag is active in one cycle but not responded to, and is not active when the above conditions are met, the denied interrupt will not be serviced. This means that active interrupts are not remembered; every polling cycle is new. The processor responds to a valid interrupt by executing an LCALL instruction to the appropriate service routine. This may or may not clear the flag which caused the interrupt. In case of Timer interrupts, the TF0 or TF1 flags are cleared by hardware whenever the processor vectors to the appropriate timer service routine. In case of external interrupt, /INT0 and /INT1, the flags are cleared only if they are edge triggered. In case of Serial interrupts, the flags are not cleared by hardware. In the case of Timer 2 interrupt, the flags are not cleared by hardware. The hardware LCALL behaves exactly like the software LCALL instruction. This instruction saves the Program Counter contents onto the Stack, but does not save the Program Status Word PSW. The PC is reloaded with the vector address of that interrupt which caused the LCALL. These address of vector for the different sources are as shown on below table. The vector table is not evenly spaced; this is to accommodate future expansions to the device family. Execution continues from the vectored address till an RETI instruction is executed. On execution of the RETI instruction the processor pops the Stack and loads the PC with the contents at the top of the stack. The user must take care that the status of the stack is restored to what is was after the hardware LCALL, if the execution is to return to the interrupted program. The processor does not notice anything if the stack contents are modified and will proceed with execution from the address put back into PC. Note that a RET instruction would perform exactly the same process as a RETI instruction, but it would not inform the Interrupt Controller that the interrupt service routine is completed, and would leave the controller still thinking that the service routine is underway. Each interrupt source can be individually enabled or disabled by setting or clearing a bit in registers IE. The IE register also contains a global disable bit, EA, which disables all interrupts at once. Each interrupt source can be individually programmed to one of 2 priority levels by setting or clearing bits in the IP registers. An interrupt service routine in progress can be interrupted by a higher priority interrupt, but not by another interrupt of the same or lower priority. The highest priority interrupt service cannot be interrupted by any other interrupt source. So, if two requests of different priority levels are received simultaneously, the request of higher priority level is serviced. If requests of the same priority level are received simultaneously, an internal polling sequence determines which request is serviced. This is called the arbitration ranking. Note that the arbitration ranking is only used to resolve simultaneous requests of the same priority level. - 49 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet Table below summarizes the interrupt sources, flag bits, vector addresses, enable bits, priority bits, arbitration ranking, and external interrupt may wake up the CPU from Power Down mode. Source Flag Vector address Enable bit Flag cleared by Arbitration ranking Powerdown wakeup External Interrupt 0 IE0 0003H EX0 (IE.0) Hardware, software 1(highest) Yes Timer 0 Overflow TF0 000BH ET0 (IE.1) Hardware, software 2 No External Interrupt 1 IE1 0013H EX1 (IE.2) Hardware, software 3 Yes Timer 1 Overflow TF1 001BH ET1 (IE.3) Hardware, software 4 No Serial Port RI + TI 0023H ES (IE.4) Software 5 No Timer 2 Overflow/Match TF2 002BH ET2 (IE.5) Software 6 No External Interrupt 2 XICON 0033H EX2 (XICON.2) Hardware, software 7 Yes External Interrupt 3 XICON 003BH EX3 (XICON.6) Hardware, software 8(lowest) Yes Table 13- 2 Summary of interrupt sources 13.4 Interrupt Response Time The response time for each interrupt source depends on several factors, such as the nature of the interrupt and the instruction underway. In the case of external interrupts INT0 and INT1 , they are sampled at S5P2 of every machine cycle and then their corresponding interrupt flags IEx will be set or reset. The Timer 0 and 1 overflow flags are set at C3 of the machine cycle in which overflow has occurred. These flag values are polled only in the next machine cycle. If a request is active and all three conditions are met, then the hardware generated LCALL is executed. This LCALL itself takes four machine cycles to be completed. Thus there is a minimum time of five machine cycles between the interrupt flag being set and the interrupt service routine being executed. A longer response time should be anticipated if any of the three conditions are not met. If a higher or equal priority is being serviced, then the interrupt latency time obviously depends on the nature of the service routine currently being executed. If the polling cycle is not the last machine cycle of the instruction being executed, then an additional delay is introduced. The maximum response time (if no other interrupt is in service) occurs if the device is performing a write to IE, IP and then executes a MUL or DIV instruction. 13.5 Interrupt Inputs Since the external interrupt pins are sampled once each machine cycle, an input high or low should hold for at least 6 CPU Clocks to ensure proper sampling. If the external interrupt is high for at least - 50 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet one machine cycle, and then hold it low for at least one machine cycle. This is to ensure that the transition is seen and that interrupt request flag IEn is set. IEn is automatically cleared by the CPU when the service routine is called. If the external interrupt is level-activated, the external source must hold the request active until the requested interrupt is actually generated. If the external interrupt is still asserted when the interrupt service routine is completed another interrupt will be generated. It is not necessary to clear the interrupt flag IEn when the interrupt is level sensitive, it simply tracks the input pin level. If an external interrupt is enabled when the W78E516D/W78E058D is put into Power Down or Idle mode, the interrupt will cause the processor to wake up and resume operation. Refer to the section on Power Reduction Modes for details. - 51 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 14 PROGRAMMABLE TIMERS/COUNTERS The W78E516D/W78E058D series have Three 16-bit programmable timer/counters, a machine cycle equals 12 or 6 oscillator periods, and it depends on 12T mode or 6T mode that the user configured this device. 14.1 Timer/Counters 0 & 1 W78E516D/W78E058D has two 16-bit Timer/Counters. Each of these Timer/Counters has two 8 bit registers which form the 16 bit counting register. For Timer/Counter 0 they are TH0, the upper 8 bits register, and TL0, the lower 8 bit register. Similarly Timer/Counter 1 has two 8 bit registers, TH1 and TL1. The two can be configured to operate either as timers, counting machine cycles or as counters counting external inputs. When configured as a "Timer", the timer counts clock cycles. The timer clock can be programmed to be thought of as 1/12 of the system clock. In the "Counter" mode, the register is incremented on the falling edge of the external input pin, T0 in case of Timer 0, and T1 for Timer 1. The T0 and T1 inputs are sampled in every machine cycle at C4. If the sampled value is high in one machine cycle and low in the next, then a valid high to low transition on the pin is recognized and the count register is incremented. Since it takes two machine cycles to recognize a negative transition on the pin, the maximum rate at which counting will take place is 1/24 of the master clock frequency. In either the "Timer" or "Counter" mode, the count register will be updated at C3. Therefore, in the "Timer" mode, the recognized negative transition on pin T0 and T1 can cause the count register value to be updated only in the machine cycle following the one in which the negative edge was detected. The "Timer" or "Counter" function is selected by the " C/ T " bit in the TMOD Special Function Register. Each Timer/Counter has one selection bit for its own; bit 2 of TMOD selects the function for Timer/Counter 0 and bit 6 of TMOD selects the function for Timer/Counter 1. In addition each Timer/Counter can be set to operate in any one of four possible modes. The mode selection is done by bits M0 and M1 in the TMOD SFR. 14.2 Time-Base Selection W78E516D/W78E058D provides users with two modes of operation for the timer. The timers can be programmed to operate like the standard 8051 family, counting at the rate of 1/12 of the clock speed. This will ensure that timing loops on W78E516D/W78E058D and the standard 8051 can be matched. This is the default mode of operation of the W78E516D/W78E058D timers. 14.2.1 Mode 0 In Mode 0, the timer/counter is a 13-bit counter. The 13-bit counter consists of THx (8 MSB) and the five lower bits of TLx (5 LSB). The upper three bits of TLx are ignored. The timer/counter is enabled when TRx is set and either GATE is 0 or INTx is 1. When C / T is 0, the timer/counter counts clock cycles; when C / T is 1, it counts falling edges on T0 (Timer 0) or T1 (Timer 1). For clock cycles, the time base be 1/12 speed, and the falling edge of the clock increments the counter. When the 13-bit value moves from 1FFFh to 0000h, the timer overflow flag TFx is set, and an interrupt occurs if enabled. This is illustrated in next figure below. 14.2.2 Mode 1 Mode 1 is similar to Mode 0 except that the counting register forms a 16-bit counter, rather than a 13bit counter. This means that all the bits of THx and TLx are used. Roll-over occurs when the timer moves from a count of 0FFFFh to 0000h. The timer overflow flag TFx of the relevant timer is set and if - 52 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet enabled an interrupt will occur. The selection of the time-base in the timer mode is similar to that in Mode 0. The gate function operates similarly to that in Mode 0. Fosc 1/12 C/T=TMOD.2 (C/T=TMOD.6) M1, M0=TMOD.1, TMOD.0 (M1, M0=TMOD.5, TMOD.4) 0 00 0 1 T0=P3.4 (T1=P3.5) 4 7 0 01 TL0 (TL1) TR0=TCON.4 (TR1=TCON.6) 7 TH0 (TH1) TFx Interrupt TF0 (TF1) GATE=TMOD.3 (GATE=TMOD.7) INT0=P3.2 (INT1=P3.3) Figure 14- 1 Timer/Counters 0 & 1 in Mode 0,1 14.2.3 Mode 2 In Mode 2, the timer/counter is in the Auto Reload Mode. In this mode, TLx acts as an 8-bit count register, while THx holds the reload value. When the TLx register overflows from FFh to 00h, the TFx bit in TCON is set and TLx is reloaded with the contents of THx, and the counting process continues from here. The reload operation leaves the contents of the THx register unchanged. Counting is enabled by the TRx bit and proper setting of GATE and INTx . As in the other two modes 0 and 1 mode 2 allows counting of clock/12 or pulses on pin Tn. Fosc 1/12 C/T=TMOD.2 (C/T=TMOD.6) TL0 (TL1) 0 0 T0=P3.4 (T1=P3.5) 7 1 TFx Interrupt TF0 (TF1) TR0=TCON.4 (TR1=TCON.6) 0 7 TH0 (TH1) GATE=TMOD.3 (GATE=TMOD.7) INT0=P3.2 (INT1=P3.3) Timer/Counter Mode2 Figure 14- 2 Timer/Counter 0 & 1 in Mode 2 - 53 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 14.2.4 Mode 3 Mode 3 has different operating methods for the two timer/counters. For timer/counter 1, mode 3 simply freezes the counter. Timer/Counter 0, however, configures TL0 and TH0 as two separate 8 bit count registers in this mode. The logic for this mode is shown in the figure. TL0 uses the Timer/Counter 0 control bits C/ T , GATE, TR0, INT0 and TF0. The TL0 can be used to count clock cycles (clock/12) or 1-to-0 transitions on pin T0 as determined by C/T (TMOD.2). TH0 is forced as a clock cycle counter (clock/12) and takes over the use of TR1 and TF1 from Timer/Counter 1. Mode 3 is used in cases where an extra 8 bit timer is needed. With Timer 0 in Mode 3, Timer 1 can still be used in Modes 0, 1 and 2, but its flexibility is somewhat limited. While its basic functionality is maintained, it no longer has control over its overflow flag TF1 and the enable bit TR1. Timer 1 can still be used as a timer/counter and retains the use of GATE and INT1 pin. In this condition it can be turned on and off by switching it out of and into its own Mode 3. It can also be used as a baud rate generator for the serial port. Fosc 1/12 C/T=TMOD.2 0 TL0 0 7 TF0 Interrupt 7 TF1 Interrupt 1 T0=P3.4 TR0=TCON.4 GATE=TMOD.3 INT0=P3.2 TH0 0 TR1=TCON.6 Figure 14-3 Timer/Counter Mode 3 14.3 Timer/Counter 2 Timer/Counter 2 is a 16 bit counter. Timer/Counter 2 is equipped with a capture/reload capability. As with the Timer 0 and Timer 1 counters, there exists considerable flexibility in selecting and controlling the clock, and in defining the operating mode. The clock source for Timer/Counter 2 may be selected for either the external T2 pin (C/T2 = 1) or the crystal oscillator, which is divided by 12 (C/T2 = 0). The clock is then enabled when TR2 is a 1, and disabled when TR2 is a 0. 14.3.1 Capture Mode The capture mode is enabled by setting the CP / RL2 bit in the T2CON register to a 1. In the capture mode, Timer/Counter 2 serves as a 16 bit up counter. When the counter rolls over from 0FFFFh to 0000h, the TF2 bit is set, which will generate an interrupt request. If the EXEN2 bit is set, then a negative transition of T2EX pin will cause the value in the TL2 and TH2 register to be captured by the RCAP2L and RCAP2H registers. This action also causes the EXF2 bit in T2CON to be set, which will - 54 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet also generate an interrupt. (RCLK,TCLK, CP / RL2 )= (0,0,1) Fosc 1/12 C/T2=T2CON.1 0 T2CON.7 TL2 TH2 TF2 1 T2=P1.0 Timer2 Interrupt TR2=T2CON.2 RCAP2L RCAP2H T2EX=P1.1 EXF2 T2CON.6 EXEN2=T2CON.3 Figure 14-4 16-Bit Capture Mode 14.3.2 Auto-Reload Mode, Counting up The auto-reload mode as an up counter is enabled by clearing the CP / RL2 bit in the T2CON register. In this mode, Timer/Counter 2 is a 16 bit up counter. When the counter rolls over from 0FFFFh, a reload is generated that causes the contents of the RCAP2L and RCAP2H registers to be reloaded into the TL2 and TH2 registers. The reload action also sets the TF2 bit. If the EXEN2 bit is set, then a negative transition of T2EX pin will also cause a reload. This action also sets the EXF2 bit in T2CON. (RCLK,TCLK, CP / RL2 )= (0,0,0) Fosc 1/12 C/T2=T2CON.1 0 T2CON.7 TL2 TH2 TF2 1 T2=P1.0 Timer2 Interrupt TR2=T2CON.2 RCAP2L RCAP2H EXF2 T2CON.6 Figure 14- 5 16-Bit Auto-reload Mode, Counting Up - 55 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 14.3.3 Baud Rate Generator Mode The baud rate generator mode is enabled by setting either the RCLK or TCLK bits in T2CON register. While in the baud rate generator mode, Timer/Counter 2 is a 16 bit counter with auto reload when the count rolls over from 0FFFFh. However, rolling over does not set the TF2 bit. If EXEN2 bit is set, then a negative transition of the T2EX pin will set EXF2 bit in the T2CON register and cause an interrupt request. RCLK+TCLK=1, CP / RL2 =0 T im e r1 O v e rflo w 1 /2 F osc 1 /2 0 C /T 2 = T 2 C O N .1 0 T im e r2 O v e r flo w TL2 1 SM OD= P C O N .7 RCLK= T 2 C O N .5 TH2 1 1 0 T 2 = P 1 .0 TCLK= T 2 C O N .4 T R 2 = T 2 C O N .2 1 RCA P2L T 2 E X = P 1 .1 R C A P 2H EXF2 T 2 C O N .6 E X E N 2 = T 2 C O N .3 Figure 14- 6 Baud Rate Generator Mode - 56 - 1 /1 6 R x C lo c k 1 /1 6 T x C lo c k 0 T im e r2 In te rru p t W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 15 WATCHDOG TIMER The Watchdog timer is a free-running timer which can be programmed by the user to serve as a system monitor, a time-base generator or an event timer. It is basically a set of dividers that divide the system clock. The divider output is selectable and determines the time-out interval. When the time-out occurs a system reset can also be caused if it is enabled. The main use of the Watchdog timer is as a system monitor. This is important in real-time control applications. In case of power glitches or electromagnetic interference, the processor may begin to execute errant code. If this is left unchecked the entire system may crash. The watchdog time-out selection will result in different time-out values depending on the clock speed. The Watchdog timer will de disabled on reset. In general, software should restart the Watchdog timer to put it into a known state. The control bits that support the Watchdog timer are discussed below. ENW : Enable watchdog if set. CLRW : Clear watchdog timer and Pre-scalar if set. This flag will be cleared automatically WIDL : If this bit is set, watch-dog is enabled under IDLE mode. If cleared, watchdog is disabled under IDLE mode. Default is cleared. PS2, PS1, PS0: Watchdog Pre-scalar timer select. Pre-scalar is selected when set PS2−0 as follows: PS2 PS1 PS0 Pre-scalar select 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 4 0 1 0 8 0 1 1 16 1 0 0 32 1 0 1 64 1 1 0 128 1 1 1 256 The time-out period is obtained using the following equation: 1 × 214 × Pr e − scalar × 1000 × 12ms (12T mode) OSC Before Watchdog time-out occurs, the program must clear the 14-bit timer by writing 1 to WDTC.6 (CLRW). After 1 is written to this bit, the 14-bit timer, Pre-scalar and this bit will be reset on the next instruction cycle. The Watchdog timer is cleared on reset. - 57 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet ENW WIDL IDLE EXTERNAL RESET OSC 1/6 1/12 14- BIT TIMER Pre-Scalar CLEAR CLRW Figure 15- 1 Watchdog Timer Block Diagram Typical Watch-Dog time-out period when OSC = 20 MHz PS2 PS1 PS0 Watchdog time-out period 0 0 0 19.66 mS 0 0 1 39.32 mS 0 1 0 78.64 mS 0 1 1 157.28 mS 1 0 0 314.57 mS 1 0 1 629.14 mS 1 1 0 1.25 S 1 1 1 2.50 S Table 15- 1 Watch-Dog time-out period - 58 - INTERNAL RESET W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 16 SERIAL PORT Serial port in this device is a full duplex port. The serial port is capable of synchronous as well as asynchronous communication. In Synchronous mode the device generates the clock and operates in a half duplex mode. In the asynchronous mode, full duplex operation is available. This means that it can simultaneously transmit and receive data. The transmit register and the receive buffer are both addressed as SBUF Special Function Register. However any write to SBUF will be to the transmit register, while a read from SBUF will be from the receiver buffer register. The serial port can operate in four different modes as described below. 16.1 MODE 0 This mode provides synchronous communication with external devices. In this mode serial data is transmitted and received on the RXD line. TXD is used to transmit the shift clock. The TxD clock is provided by the device whether it is transmitting or receiving. This mode is therefore a half duplex mode of serial communication. In this mode, 8 bits are transmitted or received per frame. The LSB is transmitted/received first. The baud rate is fixed at 1/12 of the oscillator frequency. This Baud Rate is determined by the SM2 bit (SCON.5). When this bit is set to 0, then the serial port runs at 1/12 of the clock. This additional facility of programmable baud rate in mode 0 is the only difference between the standard 8051 and W78E516D/W78E058D. The functional block diagram is shown below. Data enters and leaves the Serial port on the RxD line. The TxD line is used to output the shift clock. The shift clock is used to shift data into and out of this device and the device at the other end of the line. Any instruction that causes a write to SBUF will start the transmission. The shift clock will be activated and data will be shifted out on the RxD pin till all 8 bits are transmitted. If SM2 = 1, then the data on RxD will appear 1 clock period before the falling edge of shift clock on TxD. The clock on TxD then remains low for 2 clock periods, and then goes high again. If SM2 = 0, the data on RxD will appear 3 clock periods before the falling edge of shift clock on TxD. The clock on TxD then remains low for 6 clock periods, and then goes high again. This ensures that at the receiving end the data on RxD line can either be clocked on the rising edge of the shift clock on TxD or latched when the TxD clock is low. - 59 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet Write to SBUF Fosc Transmit Shift Register Internal Data Bus PARIN LOAD SOUT CLOCK 1/12 1/4 TX START TX SHIFT SM2 0 1 TX CLOCK TI RX CLOCK RI REN TX START Serial Interrupt RI TXD P3.1 Alternate Output Function SHIFT CLOCK LOAD SBUF RX SHIFT Serial Controllor RXD P3.0 Alternate Input Function RXD P3.0 Alternate Output Function Read SBUF CLOCK SIN PAROUT SBUF Internal Data Bus Receive Shift Register Figure 16- 1 Serial port mode 0 The TI flag is set high in S6P2 following the end of transmission of the last bit. The serial port will receive data when REN is 1 and RI is zero. The shift clock (TxD) will be activated and the serial port will latch data on the rising edge of shift clock. The external device should therefore present data on the falling edge on the shift clock. This process continues till all the 8 bits have been received. The RI flag is set in S6P2 following the last rising edge of the shift clock on TxD. This will stop reception, till the RI is cleared by software. 16.2 MODE 1 In Mode 1, the full duplex asynchronous mode is used. Serial communication frames are made up of 10 bits transmitted on TXD and received on RXD. The 10 bits consist of a start bit (0), 8 data bits (LSB first), and a stop bit (1). On receive mode, the stop bit goes into RB8 in the SFR SCON. The baud rate in this mode is variable. The serial baud can be programmed to be 1/16 or 1/32 of the Timer 1 overflow. Since the Timer 1 can be set to different reload values, a wide variation in baud rates is possible. Transmission begins with a write to SBUF. The serial data is brought out on to TxD pin at S6P2 following the first roll-over of divide by 16 counter. The next bit is placed on TxD pin at S6P2 following the next rollover of the divide by 16 counter. Thus the transmission is synchronized to the divide by 16 counters and not directly to the write to SBUF signal. After all 8 bits of data are transmitted, the stop bit is transmitted. The TI flag is set in the S6P2 state after the stop bit has been put out on TxD pin. This will be at the 10th rollover of the divide by 16 counters after a write to SBUF. Reception is enabled only if REN is high. The serial port actually starts the receiving of serial data, with the detection of a falling edge on the RxD pin. The 1-to-0 detector continuously monitors the RxD line, sampling it at the rate of 16 times the selected baud rate. When a falling edge is detected, the divide by 16 counters is immediately reset. This helps to align the bit boundaries with the rollovers of the divide by 16 counters. - 60 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet The 16 states of the counter effectively divide the bit time into 16 slices. The bit detection is done on a best of three basie. The bit detector samples the RxD pin, at the 8th, 9th and 10th counter states. By using a majority 2 of 3 voting system, the bit value is selected. This is done to improve the noise rejection feature of the serial port. If the first bit detected after the falling edge of RxD pin is not 0, then this indicates an invalid start bit, and the reception is immediately aborted. The serial port again looks for a falling edge in the RxD line. If a valid start bit is detected, then the rest of the bits are also detected and shifted into the SBUF. After shifting in 8 data bits, there is one more shift to do, after which the SBUF and RB8 are loaded and RI is set. However certain conditions must be met before the loading and setting of RI can be done. 1. RI must be 0 and 2. Either SM2 = 0, or the received stop bit = 1. If these conditions are met, then the stop bit goes to RB8, the 8 data bits go into SBUF and RI is set. Otherwise the received frame may be lost. After the middle of the stop bit, the receiver goes back to looking for a 1-to-0 transition on the RxD pin. Transmit Shift Register Timer 2 Overflow Timer 1 Overflow Write to SBUF 1/2 SMOD 0 TCLK RCLK Internal Data Bus 1 STOP 0 PARIN START SOUT LOAD TXD CLOCK 1 0 1 0 1 TX START 1/16 1/16 TX SHIFT TX CLOCK Serial Controllor RX CLOCK SAMPLE 1-To-0 DETECTOR TX START TI Serial Interrupt RI LOAD SBUF Read SBUF RX SHIFT CLOCK PAROUT RXD BIT DETECTOR SIN D8 SBUF Internal Data Bus RB8 Receive Shift Register Figure 16- 2 Serial port mode 1 16.3 MODE 2 This mode uses a total of 11 bits in asynchronous full-duplex communication. The functional description is shown in the figure below. The frame consists of one start bit (0), 8 data bits (LSB first), a pro- - 61 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet grammable 9th bit (TB8) and a stop bit (1). The 9th bit received is put into RB8. The baud rate is programmable to 1/32 or 1/64 of the oscillator frequency, which is determined by the SMOD bit in PCON SFR. Transmission begins with a write to SBUF. The serial data is brought out on to TxD pin at S6P2 following the first roll-over of the divide by 16 counter. The next bit is placed on TxD pin at S6P2 following the next rollover of the divide by 16 counter. Thus the transmission is synchronized to the divide by 16 counters, and not directly to the write to SBUF signal. After all 9 bits of data are transmitted, the stop bit is transmitted. The TI flag is set in the S6P2 state after the stop bit has been put out on TxD pin. This will be at the 11th rollover of the divide by 16 counters after a write to SBUF. Reception is enabled only if REN is high. The serial port actually starts the receiving of serial data, with the detection of a falling edge on the RxD pin. The 1-to-0 detector continuously monitors the RxD line, sampling it at the rate of 16 times the selected baud rate. When a falling edge is detected, the divide by 16 counters is immediately reset. This helps to align the bit boundaries with the rollovers of the divide by 16 counters. The 16 states of the counter effectively divide the bit time into 16 slices. The bit detection is done on a best of three basis. The bit detector samples the RxD pin, at the 8th, 9th and 10th counter states. By using a majority 2 of 3 voting system, the bit value is selected. This is done to improve the noise rejection feature of the serial port. Transmit Shift Register 1 TB8 Internal Data Bus 0 Fosc/2 Write to SBUF 1/2 STOP D8 PARIN SOUT START LOAD TXD CLOCK SMOD 0 TX START 1 1/16 1/16 TX SHIFT TX CLOCK Serial Controllor RX CLOCK SAMPLE 1-To-0 DETECTOR TX START TI Serial Interrupt RI LOAD SBUF RX SHIFT Read SBUF CLOCK PAROUT RXD BIT DETECTOR SIN D8 SBUF Internal Data Bus RB8 Receive Shift Register Figure 16- 3 Serial port mode 2 If the first bit detected after the falling edge of RxD pin, is not 0, then this indicates an invalid start bit, and the reception is immediately aborted. The serial port again looks for a falling edge in the RxD line. If a valid start bit is detected, then the rest of the bits are also detected and shifted into the SBUF. After shifting in 9 data bits, there is one more shift to do, after which the SBUF and RB8 are loaded and RI is set. However certain conditions must be met before the loading and setting of RI can be done. 1. RI must be 0 and - 62 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 2. Either SM2 = 0, or the received stop bit = 1. If these conditions are met, then the stop bit goes to RB8, the 8 data bits go into SBUF and RI is set. Otherwise the received frame may be lost. After the middle of the stop bit, the receiver goes back to looking for a 1-to-0 transition on the RxD pin. MODE 3 This mode is similar to Mode 2 in all respects, except that the baud rate is programmable. The user must first initialize the Serial related SFR SCON before any communication can take place. This involves selection of the Mode and baud rate. The Timer 1 should also be initialized if modes 1 and 3 are used. In all four modes, transmission is started by any instruction that uses SBUF as a destination register. Reception is initiated in Mode 0 by the condition RI = 0 and REN = 1. This will generate a clock on the TxD pin and shift in 8 bits on the RxD pin. Reception is initiated in the other modes by the incoming start bit if REN = 1. The external device will start the communication by transmitting the start bit. Transmit Shift Register Timer 2 Overflow Timer 1 Overflow Write to SBUF 1/2 SMOD 1 TB8 Internal Data Bus 0 0 TCLK PARIN START LOAD 1 SOUT TXD CLOCK 0 1 TX START 1/16 RCLK STOP D8 0 1 TX SHIFT TX CLOCK Serial Controllor 1/16 TI Serial Interrupt RX CLOCK RI SAMPLE 1-To-0 DETECTOR LOAD SBUF TX START Read SBUF RX SHIFT CLOCK PAROUT BIT DETECTOR RXD SIN D8 SBUF Internal Data Bus RB8 Receive Shift Register Figure 15- 4 Serial port mode 3 SM0 SM1 Mode Type Baud Clock Frame Size Start Bit Stop Bit 9th bit Function 0 0 0 Synch. 4 or 12 TCLKS 8 bits No No None 0 1 1 Asynch. Timer 1 or 2 10 bits 1 1 None - 63 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 1 0 2 Asynch. 32 or 64 TCLKS 11 bits 1 1 0, 1 1 1 3 Asynch. Timer 1 or 2 11 bits 1 1 0, 1 Table 16- 1 Serial Ports Modes - 64 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 17 F04KBOOT MODE (BOOT FROM 4K BYTES OF LDROM ) The W78E516D/W78E058D boots from APROM program memory(64K/32K bytes) by default at power on reset or reset-pin reset. On some occasions, user can force the W78E516D/W78E058D booting from the LDROM program memory (4K bytes) at power on reset or external reset. The settings for this special mode as follow. F04KBOOT MODE P4.3 P2.7 P2.6 Mode X L L FO4KBOOT L X X FO4KBOOT The Reset Tim ing For Entering F04K BO O T M ode P 2.7 Hi-Z P 2.6 Hi-Z RST 300m s 10ms T h e R e s e t T im in g F o r E n t e r in g F 0 4 K B O O T M o d e H i- Z P 4 .3 RST 300 m s 10 m s NOTE1: The possible situation that you need to enter F04KBOOT mode is when the APROM program can not run normally and W78E516D/W78E058D can not jump to LDROM to execute on chip pro- - 65 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet gramming function. Then you can use this F04KBOOT mode to force the W78E516D/W78E058D jump to LDROM and run on chip programming procedure. When you design your system, you can connect the pins P26, P27 to switches or jumpers. For example in a CD ROM system, you can connect the P26 and P27 to PLAY and EJECT buttons on the panel. When the APROM program is fail to execute the normal application program. User can press both two buttons at the same time and then switch on the power of the personal computer to force the W78E516D/W78E058D to enter the F04KBOOT mode. After power on of personal computer, you can release both PLAY and EJECT button. NOTE2: In application system design, user must take care the P2, P3, ALE, /EA and /PSEN pin value at reset to avoid W78E516D/W78E058D entering the programming mode or F04KBOOT mode in normal operation. - 66 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 18 ISP(IN-SYSTEM PROGRAMMING) ISP is the ability of programmable MCU to be programmed while F/W code in AP-ROM or LD-ROM (ISP work voltage 3.3-5.5V). The W78E058D/516D equips one 32K byte of main ROM bank for application program (called APROM) and one 4K byte of auxiliary ROM bank for loader program (called LDROM). In the normal operation, the microcontroller executes the code in the APROM. If the content of APROM needs to be modified, the W78E058D/516D allows user to activate the In-System Programming (ISP) mode by setting the CHPCON register. The CHPCON is read-only by default, software must write two specific values 87H, then 59H sequentially to the CHPENR register to enable the CHPCON write attribute. Writing CHPENR register with the values except 87H and 59H will close CHPCON register write attribute. The W78E058D/516D achieves all in-system programming operations including enter/exit ISP Mode, program, erase, read ... etc, during device in the idle mode. Setting the bit CHPCON.0 the device will enter in-system programming mode after a wake-up from idle mode. Because device needs proper time to complete the ISP operations before awaken from idle mode, software may use timer interrupt to control the duration for device wake-up from idle mode. To perform ISP operation for revising contents of APROM, software located at APROM setting the CHPCON register then enter idle mode, after awaken from idle mode the device executes the corresponding interrupt service routine in LDROM. Because the device will clear the program counter while switching from APROM to LDROM, the first execution of RETI instruction in interrupt service routine will jump to 00H at LDROM area. The device offers a software reset for switching back to APROM while the content of APROM has been updated completely. Setting CHPCON register bit 0, 1 and 7 to logic-1 will result a software reset to reset the CPU. The software reset serves as a external reset. This insystem programming feature makes the job easy and efficient in which the application needs to update firmware frequently. In some applications, the in-system programming feature make it possible to easily update the system firmware without opening the chassis. SFRAH, SFRAL: The objective address of on-chip ROM in the in-system programming mode. SFRAH contains the high-order byte of address, SFRAL contains the low-order byte of address. SFRFD: The programming data for on-chip ROM in programming mode. SFRCN: The control byte of on-chip ROM programming mode. SFRCN (C7) BIT NAME 7 - FUNCTION Reserve. On-chip ROM bank select for in-system programming. 0: 32K/64K bytes ROM bank is selected as destination for reprogramming. 1: 4K bytes ROM bank is selected as destination for re-programming. 6 WFWIN 5 OEN ROM output enable. 4 CEN ROM chip enable. 3, 2, 1, 0 CTRL [3:0] The flash control signals - 67 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet MODE WFWIN OEN CEN CTRL SFRAH, SFRAL SFRFD Erase 32KB/64KB APROM 0 1 0 0010 X X Program 32KB/64KB APROM 0 1 0 0001 Address in Data in Read 32KB/64KB APROM 0 0 0 0000 Address in Data out Erase 4KB LDROM 1 1 0 0010 X X Program 4KB LDROM 1 1 0 0001 Address in Data in Read 4KB LDROM 1 0 0 0000 Address in Data out - 68 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet T h e A lg o rith m o f In -S y s te m P ro g ra m m in g P a rt 1 :A P R O M p ro c e d u re o f e n te rin g In -S y s te m P ro g ra m m in g M o d e START E n ter In-S y stem P ro g ram m in g M o d e ? (co n d itio n s d ep en d o n u ser 's ap p licatio n ) No Y es S ettin g co n tro l reg isters M O V C H P E N R ,# 8 7 H M O V C H P E N R ,# 5 9 H M O V C H P C O N ,# 0 3 H E x ecu te th e n o rm al ap p licatio n p ro g ram S ettin g T im er (ab o u t 1 .5 u s) an d en ab le tim er in terru p t END S tart T im er an d en ter id le M o d e. ( C P U w ill b e w ak en ed fro m id le m o d e b y tim er in terru p t, th en en ter In -S y stem P ro g ram m in g m o d e ) C P U w ill b e w ak en ed b y in terru p t an d re b o o t fro m 4 K B L D R O M to ex ecu te th e lo ad er p ro g ram . Go - 69 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet Part 2: 4KB LDROM Go Procedure of Updating the APROM Timer Interrupt Service Routine: Stop Timer & disable interrupt PGM Is F04KBOOT Mode? (CHPCON.7=1) N o Setting Timer and enable Timer interrupt for wake-up . (15ms for erasing operation) Setting erase operation mode: MOV SFRCN,#22H (Erase 64KB APROM) Start Timer and enter IDLE Mode. (Erasing...) Yes End of Programming ? Yes No Reset the CHPCON Register: MOV CHPENR,#87H MOV CHPENR,#59H MOV CHPCON,#03H Setting Timer and enable Timer interrupt for wake-up . (150us for program operation) Get the parameters of new code (Address and data bytes) through I/O ports, UART or other interfaces. Software reset CPU and r e-b o ot f ro m t h e 6 4KB APROM. MOV CHPENR,#87H MOV CHPENR,#59H MOV CHPCON,#83H Setting control registers for programming: MOV SFRAH,#ADDRESS_H MOV SFRAL,#ADDRESS_L MOV SFRFD,#DATA MOV SFRCN,#21H End of erase operation. CPU will be wakened by Timer interrupt. END Executing new code from address 00H in the 64KB APROM. PGM Note: Setting the CHPCON from 00H to 03H will clear the program counter (PC). 19 CONFIG BITS During the on-chip Flash EPROM operation mode, the Flash EPROM can be programmed and verified repeatedly. Until the code inside the Flash EPROM is confirmed OK, the code can be protected. The protection of Flash EPROM and those operations on it are described below. The W78E516D/W78E058D has several Special Setting Registers, including the Security Register and Company/Device ID Registers, which can not be accessed in programming mode. Those bits of the Security Registers can not be changed once they have been programmed from high to low. They - 70 - W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet can only be reset through erase-all operation. The contents of the Company ID and Device ID registers have been set in factory. B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0 B 0 : L o c k b it lo g ic 0 : E n a b le , a ll o f th e A P R O M /L D R O M /C o n fig B its w ill b e lo c k e d . B 1 : M O V C in h ib it lo g ic 0 : T h e M O V C in s tru c tio n in e x te rn a l m e m o ry c a n n o t a c c e s s th e c o d e in in te rn a l m e m o ry lo g ic 1 : n o re s tric tio n . B 5 : M a c h in e C y c le S e le c t lo g ic 0 : 6 T lo g ic 1 : 1 2 T B 7 : O s c illa to r C o n tro l lo g ic 0 : 1 /2 g a in lo g ic 1 : F u ll g a in D e fa u lt 1 fo r a ll s e c u rity b its . R e s e rv e d b its m u s t b e k e p t in lo g ic 1 . C o n fig B its Bit 0: Lock bits This bit is used to protect the customer's program code in the W78E516D/W78E058D. It may be set after the programmer finishes the programming and verifies sequence. Once these bits are set to logic 0, both the FLASH data and Special Setting Registers can not be accessed again. Bit 1: Movc inhibit This bit is used to restrict the accessible region of the MOVC instruction. It can prevent the MOVC instruction in external program memory from reading the internal program code. When this bit is set to logic 0, a MOVC instruction in external program memory space will be able to access code only in the external memory, not in the internal memory. A MOVC instruction in internal program memory space will always be able to access the ROM data in both internal and external memory. If this bit is logic 1, there are no restrictions on the MOVC instruction. Bit 5: Machine Cycle Select This bit is select MCU core, default value is logic 1(12T). Once these bits are set to logic 0, the MCU core is 6T. Bit 7: Crystal Select If this bit is set to logic 0 (24 MHz), the EMI effect will be reduce. If this bit is set to logic 1 (40 MHz ), the W78E516D/W78E058D could to use 40MHz crystal, but the EMI effect is major. So we provide the option bit which could be chose by customer. - 71 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 20 TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUITS External Program Memory and Crystal CRY STAL 19 EA 40 VDD 31 C1 VSS 20 VCC XTAL1 R C2 18 RST 9 12 13 14 15 VCC 10uF 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 8.2K XTAL2 RST P2.0 P2.1 P2.2 P2.3 P2.4 P2.5 P2.6 P2.7 P3.2/INT0 P3.3/INT1 P3.4/T0 P3.5/T1 P1.0/T2 P1.1/T2EX P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7 P0.0 P0.1 P0.2 P0.3 P0.4 P0.5 P0.6 P0.7 WR/P3.6 RD/P3.7 PSEN ALE TXD/P3.1 RXD/P3.0 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 AD0 AD1 AD2 AD3 AD4 AD5 AD6 AD7 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A13 A14 A15 AD0 AD1 AD2 AD3 AD4 AD5 AD6 AD7 3 4 7 8 13 14 17 18 1 11 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 Q0 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 2 5 6 9 12 15 16 19 OC G 74373 A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A13 A14 A15 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 25 24 21 23 2 26 27 1 20 22 16 17 29 30 11 10 A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A13 A14 A15 O0 O1 O2 O3 O4 O5 O6 O7 11 12 13 15 16 17 18 19 AD0 AD1 AD2 AD3 AD4 AD5 AD6 AD7 CE OE 64KB ROM PSEN ALE W78E516DDG-40DIP or W78E058DDG-40DIP Figure A Expanded External Data Memory and Oscillator VCC 19 18 RST 9 12 13 14 15 VCC 10uF 8.2K 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 EA XTAL1 XTAL2 RST P3.2/INT0 P3.3/INT1 P3.4/T0 P3.5/T1 P1.0/T2 P1.1/T2EX P1.2 P1.3 P1.4 P1.5 P1.6 P1.7 40 VDD 31 Oscillator VSS 20 VCC P0.0 P0.1 P0.2 P0.3 P0.4 P0.5 P0.6 P0.7 P2.0 P2.1 P2.2 P2.3 P2.4 P2.5 P2.6 P2.7 39 38 37 36 35 34 33 32 AD0 AD1 AD2 AD3 AD4 AD5 AD6 AD7 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A13 A14 A15 AD0 AD1 AD2 AD3 AD4 AD5 AD6 AD7 3 4 7 8 13 14 17 18 1 11 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 OC G 74373 Q0 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 2 5 6 9 12 15 16 19 A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A13 A14 A15 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 27 26 23 25 4 28 3 31 A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 A13 A14 A15 64KB RAM WR/P3.6 RD/P3.7 PSEN ALE TXD/P3.1 RXD/P3.0 16 17 29 30 11 10 /WR /RD ALE W78E516DDG-40DIP or W78E058DDG-40DIP Figure B - 72 - D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 21 AD0 AD1 AD2 AD3 AD4 AD5 AD6 AD7 VCC CS1 CS2 OE WE 22 30 24 29 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 21 ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS 21.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings SYMBOL PARAMETER Min MAX UNIT DC Power Supply VDD−VSS 2.4 5.5 V Input Voltage VIN VSS-0.3 VDD+0.3 V Operating Temperature TA -40 +85 °C Note: Exposure to conditions beyond those listed under absolute maximum ratings may adversely affects the lift and reliability of the device. - 73 - Publication Release Date: Feb 15, 2011 Revision A09 W78E516D/W78E058D Data Sheet 21.2 D.C. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS TA=-40℃~+85℃, VDD=2.4V~5.5V, VSS=0V Sym Parameter Test Condition Min *1 Typ Max Unit VIL Input Low Voltage (Ports 0~4, /EA, XTAL1, RST) 2.4 < VDD < 5.5V -0.5 0.2VDD0.1 V VIH Input High Voltage (Ports 0~4, /EA) 2.4 < VDD < 5.5V 0.2VDD +0.9 VDD+ 0.5 V VIH1 Input High Voltage (XTAL1, RST) 2.4 < VDD < 5.5V 0.7VDD VDD+ 0.5 V VOL Output Low Voltage (Ports 0~4, ALE, /PSEN) 0.4 V VOH1 Output High Voltage (Ports 1~4) VOH2 Output High Voltage (Ports 0 & 2 in external bus mode, ALE, /PSEN) I IL Logical 0 Input Current (Ports 1~4) VDD=5.5V, VIN=0.4V ITL Logical 1-to-0 Transition Current (Ports 1~4) I LI Input Leakage Current (Port 0) *3,*4 VDD=4.5V, IOL= 12.0mA *3,*4 VDD=2.4V, IOL= 8.0mA *4 VDD=4.5V, IOH= -300μA *4 VDD=2.4V, IOH= -20μA *4 VDD=4.5V, IOH= -8.0mA *4 VDD=2.4V, IOH= -2.0mA 2.4 2.0 V 2.4 2.0 V -45 -50 μA VDD=5.5V, VIN=2.0V -510 -650 μA 0 < VIN < VDD+0.5 ±1.0 ±10 μA *2 *5 I DD Power Supply Current Active mode @12MHz, VDD=5.0V @40MHz, VDD=5.0V @12MHz, VDD=3.3V @20MHz, VDD=3.3V 10.4 18.2 3.6 4.4 Idle mode @12MHz, VDD=5.0V @40MHz, VDD=5.0V @12MHz, VDD=3.3V @20MHz, VDD=3.3V 3.4 10.3 1.3 1.9 Power-down mode - 74 -