XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
2015/04/14
XMOS © 2015, All Rights Reserved
Document Number: X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
1
Table of Contents
1
xCORE Multicore Microcontrollers .
2
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Features . . . .
3
Pin Configuration . . . . . . . . . .
4
Signal Description . . . . . . . . . .
5
Product Overview . . . . . . . . . .
6
PLL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
7
Boot Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . .
8
Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
9
JTAG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 Board Integration . . . . . . . . . .
11 DC and Switching Characteristics .
12 Package Information . . . . . . . .
13 Ordering Information . . . . . . . .
Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A
Configuration of the XS1 . . . . . .
B
Processor Status Configuration . .
C
Tile Configuration . . . . . . . . . .
D
Node Configuration . . . . . . . . .
E
XMOS USB Interface . . . . . . . . .
F
Device Errata . . . . . . . . . . . . .
G
JTAG, xSCOPE and Debugging . . .
H
Schematics Design Check List . . .
I
PCB Layout Design Check List . . .
J
Associated Design Documentation
K
Related Documentation . . . . . . .
L
Revision History . . . . . . . . . . .
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
2
4
5
6
9
12
13
15
16
18
22
26
27
28
28
30
39
46
53
53
54
56
59
60
60
61
TO OUR VALUED CUSTOMERS
It is our intention to provide you with accurate and comprehensive documentation for the hardware and
software components used in this product. To subscribe to receive updates, visit http://www.xmos.com/.
XMOS Ltd. is the owner or licensee of the information in this document and is providing it to you “AS IS” with
no warranty of any kind, express or implied and shall have no liability in relation to its use. XMOS Ltd. makes
no representation that the information, or any particular implementation thereof, is or will be free from any
claims of infringement and again, shall have no liability in relation to any such claims.
XMOS and the XMOS logo are registered trademarks of XMOS Ltd in the United Kingdom and other countries,
and may not be used without written permission. Company and product names mentioned in this document
are the trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
1
2
xCORE Multicore Microcontrollers
The XS1-L Series is a comprehensive range of 32-bit multicore microcontrollers
that brings the low latency and timing determinism of the xCORE architecture to
mainstream embedded applications. Unlike conventional microcontrollers, xCORE
multicore microcontrollers execute multiple real-time tasks simultaneously and
communicate between tasks using a high speed network. Because xCORE multicore
microcontrollers are completely deterministic, you can write software to implement
functions that traditionally require dedicated hardware.
PLL
Security
OTP ROM
xTIME: schedulers
timers, clocks
SRAM
64KB
JTAG
debug
Hardware
response
ports
xCORE logical core
xCORE logical core
xCORE logical core
xCORE logical core
xCORE logical core
xCONNECT
channels, links
I/O Pins
xCORE logical core
xCORE logical core
xCORE logical core
Hardware
response
ports
xCORE logical core
xCORE logical core
xCORE logical core
xCORE logical core
xCORE logical core
Figure 1:
XS1-L Series:
4-16 core
devices
xCONNECT
channels, links
I/O Pins
xCORE logical core
xCORE logical core
xCORE logical core
PLL
Security
OTP ROM
xTIME: schedulers
timers, clocks
SRAM
64KB
JTAG
debug
Key features of the XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 include:
· Tiles: Devices consist of one or more xCORE tiles. Each tile contains between
four and eight 32-bit xCOREs with highly integrated I/O and on-chip memory.
· Logical cores Each logical core can execute tasks such as computational code,
DSP code, control software (including logic decisions and executing a state
machine) or software that handles I/O. Section 5.1
· xTIME scheduler The xTIME scheduler performs functions similar to an RTOS,
in hardware. It services and synchronizes events in a core, so there is no
requirement for interrupt handler routines. The xTIME scheduler triggers cores
on events generated by hardware resources such as the I/O pins, communication
channels and timers. Once triggered, a core runs independently and concurrently
to other cores, until it pauses to wait for more events. Section 5.2
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
3
· Channels and channel ends Tasks running on logical cores communicate using
channels formed between two channel ends. Data can be passed synchronously
or asynchronously between the channel ends assigned to the communicating
tasks. Section 5.5
· xCONNECT Switch and Links Between tiles, channel communications are implemented over a high performance network of xCONNECT Links and routed
through a hardware xCONNECT Switch. Section 5.6
· Ports The I/O pins are connected to the processing cores by Hardware Response
ports. The port logic can drive its pins high and low, or it can sample the value
on its pins optionally waiting for a particular condition. Section 5.3
· Clock blocks xCORE devices include a set of programmable clock blocks that
can be used to govern the rate at which ports execute. Section 5.4
· Memory Each xCORE Tile integrates a bank of SRAM for instructions and data,
and a block of one-time programmable (OTP) memory that can be configured for
system wide security features. Section 8
· PLL The PLL is used to create a high-speed processor clock given a low speed
external oscillator. Section 6
· JTAG The JTAG module can be used for loading programs, boundary scan testing,
in-circuit source-level debugging and programming the OTP memory. Section 9
1.1
Software
Devices are programmed using C, C++ or xC (C with multicore extensions). XMOS
provides tested and proven software libraries, which allow you to quickly add
interface and processor functionality such as USB, Ethernet, PWM, graphics driver,
and audio EQ to your applications.
1.2
xTIMEcomposer Studio
The xTIMEcomposer Studio development environment provides all the tools you
need to write and debug your programs, profile your application, and write images
into flash memory or OTP memory on the device. Because xCORE devices operate deterministically, they can be simulated like hardware within xTIMEcomposer:
uniquely in the embedded world, xTIMEcomposer Studio therefore includes a static
timing analyzer, cycle-accurate simulator, and high-speed in-circuit instrumentation.
xTIMEcomposer can be driven from either a graphical development environment,
or the command line. The tools are supported on Windows, Linux and MacOS X
and available at no cost from xmos.com/downloads. Information on using the
tools is provided in the xTIMEcomposer User Guide, X3766.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
2
4
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Features
· Multicore Microcontroller with Advanced Multi-Core RISC Architecture
• Six real-time logical cores
• Core share up to 500 MIPS
• Each logical core has:
— Guaranteed throughput of between 1/4 and 1/6 of tile MIPS
— 16x32bit dedicated registers
• 159 high-density 16/32-bit instructions
— All have single clock-cycle execution (except for divide)
— 32x32→64-bit MAC instructions for DSP, arithmetic and user-definable cryptographic
functions
· Programmable I/O
• 28 general-purpose I/O pins, configurable as input or output
— Up to 16 x 1bit port, 6 x 4bit port, 4 x 8bit port, 2 x 16bit port, 1 x 32bit port
— 4 xCONNECT links
• Port sampling rates of up to 60 MHz with respect to an external clock
• 32 channel ends for communication with other cores, on or off-chip
· Memory
• 64KB internal single-cycle SRAM for code and data storage
• 8KB internal OTP for application boot code
· Hardware resources
• 6 clock blocks
• 10 timers
• 4 locks
· JTAG Module for On-Chip Debug
· Security Features
• Programming lock disables debug and prevents read-back of memory contents
• AES bootloader ensures secrecy of IP held on external flash memory
· Ambient Temperature Range
• Commercial qualification: 0 °C to 70 °C
• Industrial qualification: -40 °C to 85 °C
· Speed Grade
• 5: 500 MIPS
• 4: 400 MIPS
· Power Consumption
• Active Mode
— 200 mA at 500 MHz (typical)
— 160 mA at 400 MHz (typical)
• Standby Mode
— 14 mA
· 128-pin TQ128 package 0.5 mm pitch
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
VDDIO
8D
97
X0D42
GND
X0D41
8D
99
98
VDD
X0D40
8D
100
X0D31
4F
102
101
X0D30
VDDIO
4F
104
103
4F
105
X0D29
4D
106
X0D19
VDD
X0D18
4D
107
X0D28
4F
109
108
X0D17
4D
110
X0D70
VDDIO
32A
112
111
4D
113
X0D16
32A
114
X0D69
GND
X0D15
4C
115
X0D68
32A
117
116
4C
118
X0D14
X0D67
32A
119
X0D66
VDDIO
32A
121
120
VDD
X0D65
32A
122
32A
124
X0D64
32A
125
123
1F
126
X0D63
32A
127
X0D13
1E
128
X0D62
Pin Configuration
X0D12
3
5
1
96
4C
X0D20
X0D11
1D
2
95
8D
X0D43
X0D61
32A
3
94
1G
X0D49
32A
4
93
VDDIO
X0D10
1C
5
92
GND
X0D50
32A
6
91
X0D09
4A
7
90
4C
X0D21
X0D51
32A
8
89
1H
X0D23
X0D52
32A
9
88
X0D08
4A
10
87
1I
X0D24
X0D53
32A
11
86
1J
X0D25
12
85
4E
X0D26
4E
X0D27
VDD
X0D22
GND
GND
X0D54
32A
13
84
X0D07
4B
14
83
15
82
1M
X0D36
81
1N
X0D37
VDDIO
X0D06
4B
16
VDD
GND
GND
17
80
GND
NC
18
79
VDDIO
GND
19
78
GND
GND
20
77
RST_N
21
76
1O
X0D38
1P
X0D39
VDD
GND
22
75
NC
23
74
VDD
GND
24
73
VDDIO
CLK
25
72
VDDIO
26
71
4E
X0D32
70
4E
X0D33
1K
X0D34
1L
X0D35
X0D05
4B
27
X0D04
4B
28
69
29
68
VDD
GND
VDD
56
57
58
TRST_N
GND
TMS
64
55
MODE[3]
VDDIO
54
GND
62
53
MODE[2]
63
52
MODE[1]
TDO
51
MODE[0]
TDI
50
VDDIO
61
49
VDD
TCK
48
PLL_AVDD
59
47
PLL_AGND
60
46
OTP_VPP
GND
45
OTP_VCC
VDD
44
VDDIO
32A
X0D58
43
1A
X0D00
42
1B
X0D01
GND
32A
X0D57
DEBUG_N
4A
X0D02
40
32A
X0D56
33
X7427,
41
GND
GND
GND
65
GND
66
32
39
31
GND
32A
VDDIO
38
X0D55
37
67
36
30
35
4A
34
X0D03
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
4
6
Signal Description
This section lists the signals and I/O pins available on the XS1-L6A-64-TQ128. The
device provides a combination of 1bit, 4bit, 8bit and 16bit ports, as well as wider
ports that are fully or partially (gray) bonded out. All pins of a port provide either
output or input, but signals in different directions cannot be mapped onto the
same port.
Pins may have one or more of the following properties:
· PD/PU: The IO pin a weak pull-down or pull-up resistor. On GPIO pins this
resistor can be enabled.
· ST: The IO pin has a Schmitt Trigger on its input.
Power pins (8)
Signal
Function
Type
GND
Digital ground
GND
Properties
OTP_VCC
OTP power supply
PWR
OTP_VPP
OTP programming voltage
PWR
PLL_AGND
Analog ground for PLL
GND
PLL_AVDD
Analog PLL power
PWR
RST_N
Global reset input
Input
VDD
Digital tile power
PWR
VDDIO
Digital I/O power
PWR
Signal
Function
Type
Properties
CLK
PLL reference clock
Input
PD, ST
MODE[3:0]
Boot mode select
Input
PU, ST
Clocks pins (2)
JTAG pins (6)
X7427,
Signal
Function
Type
Properties
DEBUG_N
Multi-chip debug
I/O
PU
TCK
Test clock
Input
PU, ST
TDI
Test data input
Input
PU, ST
TDO
Test data output
Output
PD, OT
TMS
Test mode select
Input
PU, ST
TRST_N
Test reset input
Input
PU, ST
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
7
I/O pins (64)
Signal
Function
X0D00
Type
Properties
1A0
I/O
PDS , RS
1B0
I/O
PDS , RS
X0D01
XLA4
out
X0D02
XLA3
out
4A0
8A0
16A0
32A20
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D03
XLA2
out
4A1
8A1
16A1
32A21
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D04
XLA1
out
4B0
8A2
16A2
32A22
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D05
XLA0
out
4B1
8A3
16A3
32A23
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D06
XLA0
in
4B2
8A4
16A4
32A24
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D07
XLA1
in
4B3
8A5
16A5
32A25
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D08
XLA2
in
4A2
8A6
16A6
32A26
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D09
XLA3
in
4A3
8A7
16A7
32A27
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D10
XLA4
in
1C0
I/O
PDS , RS
X0D11
1D0
I/O
PDS , RS
X0D12
1E0
I/O
PDS , RU
1F0
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D13
XLB4
out
X0D14
XLB3
out
4C0
8B0
16A8
32A28
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D15
XLB2
out
4C1
8B1
16A9
32A29
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D16
XLB1
out
4D0
8B2
16A10
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D17
XLB0
out
4D1
8B3
16A11
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D18
XLB0
in
4D2
8B4
16A12
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D19
XLB1
in
4D3
8B5
16A13
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D20
XLB2
in
4C2
8B6
16A14
32A30
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D21
XLB3
in
4C3
8B7
16A15
32A31
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D22
XLB4
in
1G0
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D23
1H0
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D24
1I0
I/O
PDS
X0D25
1J0
I/O
PDS
X0D26
4E0
8C0
16B0
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D27
4E1
8C1
16B1
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D28
4F0
8C2
16B2
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D29
4F1
8C3
16B3
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D30
4F2
8C4
16B4
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D31
4F3
8C5
16B5
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D32
4E2
8C6
16B6
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D33
4E3
8C7
16B7
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D34
1K0
I/O
PDS
X0D35
1L0
I/O
PDS
X0D36
1M0
8D0
16B8
I/O
PDS
X0D37
1N0
8D1
16B9
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D38
1O0
8D2
16B10
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D39
1P0
8D3
16B11
I/O
PDS , RU
8D4
16B12
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D40
(continued)
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
Signal
X7427,
8
Type
Properties
X0D41
Function
8D5
16B13
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D42
8D6
16B14
I/O
PDS , RU
X0D43
8D7
16B15
I/O
PUS , RU
X0D49
XLC4
out
32A0
I/O
PDS
X0D50
XLC3
out
32A1
I/O
PDS
X0D51
XLC2
out
32A2
I/O
PDS
X0D52
XLC1
out
32A3
I/O
PDS
X0D53
XLC0
out
32A4
I/O
PDS
X0D54
XLC0
in
32A5
I/O
PDS
X0D55
XLC1
in
32A6
I/O
PDS
X0D56
XLC2
in
32A7
I/O
PDS
X0D57
XLC3
in
32A8
I/O
PDS
X0D58
XLC4
in
32A9
I/O
PDS
X0D61
XLD4
out
32A10
I/O
PDS
X0D62
XLD3
out
32A11
I/O
PDS
X0D63
XLD2
out
32A12
I/O
PDS
X0D64
XLD1
out
32A13
I/O
PDS
X0D65
XLD0
out
32A14
I/O
PDS
X0D66
XLD0
in
32A15
I/O
PDS
X0D67
XLD1
in
32A16
I/O
PDS
X0D68
XLD2
in
32A17
I/O
PDS
X0D69
XLD3
in
32A18
I/O
PDS
X0D70
XLD4
in
32A19
I/O
PDS
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
5
9
Product Overview
The XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 is a powerful device that consists of a single xCORE Tile,
which comprises a flexible logical processing cores with tightly integrated I/O and
on-chip memory.
5.1
Logical cores
The tile has 6 active logical cores, which issue instructions down a shared fourstage pipeline. Instructions from the active cores are issued round-robin. If up
to four logical cores are active, each core is allocated a quarter of the processing
cycles. If more than four logical cores are active, each core is allocated at least 1/n
cycles (for n cores). Figure 2 shows the guaranteed core performance depending
on the number of cores used.
Speed
Figure 2:
Logical core
performance
MIPS
Frequency
grade
Minimum MIPS per core (for n cores)
1
2
3
4
5
6
4
400 MIPS
400 MHz
100
100
100
100
80
67
5
500 MIPS
500 MHz
125
125
125
125
100
83
There is no way that the performance of a logical core can be reduced below these
predicted levels. Because cores may be delayed on I/O, however, their unused
processing cycles can be taken by other cores. This means that for more than
four logical cores, the performance of each core is often higher than the predicted
minimum but cannot be guaranteed.
The logical cores are triggered by events instead of interrupts and run to completion.
A logical core can be paused to wait for an event.
5.2
xTIME scheduler
The xTIME scheduler handles the events generated by xCORE Tile resources, such
as channel ends, timers and I/O pins. It ensures that all events are serviced and
synchronized, without the need for an RTOS. Events that occur at the I/O pins are
handled by the Hardware-Response ports and fed directly to the appropriate xCORE
Tile. An xCORE Tile can also choose to wait for a specified time to elapse, or for
data to become available on a channel.
Tasks do not need to be prioritised as each of them runs on their own logical
xCORE. It is possible to share a set of low priority tasks on a single core using
cooperative multitasking.
5.3
Hardware Response Ports
Hardware Response ports connect an xCORE tile to one or more physical pins and
as such define the interface between hardware attached to the XS1-L6A-64-TQ128,
and the software running on it. A combination of 1bit, 4bit, 8bit, 16bit and 32bit
ports are available. All pins of a port provide either output or input. Signals in
different directions cannot be mapped onto the same port.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
10
reference clock
readyOut
conditional
value
clock
block
clock port
readyIn port
port counter
port
logic
stamp/time
PORT
FIFO
PINS
Figure 3:
Port block
diagram
port
value
output (drive)
SERDES
transfer
register
CORE
input (sample)
The port logic can drive its pins high or low, or it can sample the value on its pins,
optionally waiting for a particular condition. Ports are accessed using dedicated
instructions that are executed in a single processor cycle.
Data is transferred between the pins and core using a FIFO that comprises a SERDES
and transfer register, providing options for serialization and buffered data.
Each port has a 16-bit counter that can be used to control the time at which data is
transferred between the port value and transfer register. The counter values can
be obtained at any time to find out when data was obtained, or used to delay I/O
until some time in the future. The port counter value is automatically saved as a
timestamp, that can be used to provide precise control of response times.
The ports and xCONNECT links are multiplexed onto the physical pins. If an
xConnect Link is enabled, the pins of the underlying ports are disabled. If a port
is enabled, it overrules ports with higher widths that share the same pins. The pins
on the wider port that are not shared remain available for use when the narrower
port is enabled. Ports always operate at their specified width, even if they share
pins with another port.
5.4
Clock blocks
xCORE devices include a set of programmable clocks called clock blocks that can
be used to govern the rate at which ports execute. Each xCORE tile has six clock
blocks: the first clock block provides the tile reference clock and runs at a default
frequency of 100MHz; the remaining clock blocks can be set to run at different
frequencies.
A clock block can use a 1-bit port as its clock source allowing external application
clocks to be used to drive the input and output interfaces.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
100MHz
reference
clock
11
divider
1-bit port
...
...
readyIn
clock block
Figure 4:
Clock block
diagram
port counter
In many cases I/O signals are accompanied by strobing signals. The xCORE ports
can input and interpret strobe (known as readyIn and readyOut) signals generated
by external sources, and ports can generate strobe signals to accompany output
data.
On reset, each port is connected to clock block 0, which runs from the xCORE Tile
reference clock.
5.5
Channels and Channel Ends
Logical cores communicate using point-to-point connections, formed between two
channel ends. A channel-end is a resource on an xCORE tile, that is allocated by
the program. Each channel-end has a unique system-wide identifier that comprises
a unique number and their tile identifier. Data is transmitted to a channel-end by
an output-instruction; and the other side executes an input-instruction. Data can
be passed synchronously or asynchronously between the channel ends.
5.6
xCONNECT Switch and Links
XMOS devices provide a scalable architecture, where multiple xCORE devices can
be connected together to form one system. Each xCORE device has an xCONNECT
interconnect that provides a communication infrastructure for all tasks that run on
the various xCORE tiles on the system.
The interconnect relies on a collection of switches and XMOS links. Each xCORE
device has an on-chip switch that can set up circuits or route data. The switches
are connected by xConnect Links. An XMOS link provides a physical connection
between two switches. The switch has a routing algorithm that supports many
different topologies, including lines, meshes, trees, and hypercubes.
The links operate in either 2 wires per direction or 5 wires per direction mode,
depending on the amount of bandwidth required. Circuit switched, streaming
and packet switched data can both be supported efficiently. Streams provide the
fastest possible data rates between xCORE Tiles (up to 250 MBit/s), but each stream
requires a single link to be reserved between switches on two tiles. All packet
communications can be multiplexed onto a single link.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
12
xCONNECT Link to another device switch
CORE
CORE
CORE
CORE
CORE
CORE
CORE
CORE
CORE
xCONNECT
switch
CORE
CORE
CORE
Figure 5:
Switch, links
and channel
ends
CORE
CORE
CORE
CORE
xCORE Tile
xCORE Tile
Information on the supported routing topologies that can be used to connect
multiple devices together can be found in the XS1-L Link Performance and Design
Guide, X2999.
6
PLL
The PLL creates a high-speed clock that is used for the switch, tile, and reference
clock.
The PLL multiplication value is selected through the two MODE pins, and can be
changed by software to speed up the tile or use less power. The MODE pins are set
as shown in Figure 6:
Figure 6:
PLL multiplier
values and
MODE pins
Oscillator
Frequency
5-13 MHz
13-20 MHz
20-48 MHz
48-100 MHz
MODE
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
0
0
1
Tile
Frequency
130-399.75 MHz
260-400.00 MHz
167-400.00 MHz
196-400.00 MHz
PLL Ratio
30.75
20
8.33
4
PLL settings
OD
F
R
1 122
0
2 119
0
2
49
0
2
23
0
Figure 6 also lists the values of OD, F and R, which are the registers that define
the ratio of the tile frequency to the oscillator frequency:
Fcor e = Fosc ×
X7427,
F +1
1
1
×
×
2
R+1
OD + 1
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
13
OD, F and R must be chosen so that 0 ≤ R ≤ 63, 0 ≤ F ≤ 4095, 0 ≤ OD ≤ 7, and
F +1
1
260MHz ≤ Fosc × 2 × R+1 ≤ 1.3GHz. The OD, F , and R values can be modified
by writing to the digital node PLL configuration register.
The MODE pins must be held at a static value during and after deassertion of the
system reset.
If a different tile frequency is required (eg, 500 MHz), then the PLL must be
reprogrammed after boot to provide the required tile frequency. The XMOS tools
perform this operation by default. Further details on configuring the clock can be
found in the XS1-L Clock Frequency Control document, X1433.
7
Boot Procedure
The device is kept in reset by driving RST_N low. When in reset, all GPIO pins are
high impedance. When the device is taken out of reset by releasing RST_N the
processor starts its internal reset process. After 15-150 µs (depending on the input
clock), all GPIO pins have their internal pull-resistor enabled, and the processor
boots at a clock speed that depends on MODE0 and MODE1.
The xCORE Tile boot procedure is illustrated in Figure 7. In normal usage,
MODE[3:2] controls the boot source according to the table in Figure 8. If bit
5 of the security register (see §8.1) is set, the device boots from OTP.
Start
Boot ROM
Primary boot
Security Register
Bit [5] set
No
Yes
Copy OTP contents
to base of SRAM
OTP
Figure 7:
Boot
procedure
Figure 8:
Boot source
pins
Boot according to
boot source pins
Execute program
MODE[3]
MODE[2]
Boot Source
0
0
None: Device waits to be booted via JTAG
0
1
Reserved
1
0
xConnect Link B
1
1
SPI
The boot image has the following format:
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
14
· A 32-bit program size s in words.
· Program consisting of s × 4 bytes.
· A 32-bit CRC, or the value 0x0D15AB1E to indicate that no CRC check should be
performed.
The program size and CRC are stored least significant byte first. The program
is loaded into the lowest memory address of RAM, and the program is started
from that address. The CRC is calculated over the byte stream represented by the
program size and the program itself. The polynomial used is 0xEDB88320 (IEEE
802.3); the CRC register is initialized with 0xFFFFFFFF and the residue is inverted
to produce the CRC.
7.1
Boot from SPI master
If set to boot from SPI master, the processor enables the four pins specified in
Figure 9, and drives the SPI clock at 2.5 MHz (assuming a 400 MHz core clock). A
READ command is issued with a 24-bit address 0x000000. The clock polarity and
phase are 0 / 0.
Figure 9:
SPI master
pins
Pin
Signal
Description
X0D00
MISO
Master In Slave Out (Data)
X0D01
SS
Slave Select
X0D10
SCLK
Clock
X0D11
MOSI
Master Out Slave In (Data)
The xCORE Tile expects each byte to be transferred with the least-significant bit
first. Programmers who write bytes into an SPI interface using the most significant
bit first may have to reverse the bits in each byte of the image stored in the SPI
device.
If a large boot image is to be read in, it is faster to first load a small boot-loader
that reads the large image using a faster SPI clock, for example 50 MHz or as fast
as the flash device supports.
The pins used for SPI boot are hardcoded in the boot ROM and cannot be changed.
If required, an SPI boot program can be burned into OTP that uses different pins.
7.2
Boot from xConnect Link
If set to boot from an xConnect Link, the processor enables Link B around 200
ns after the boot process starts. Enabling the Link switches off the pull-down on
resistors X0D16..X0D19, drives X0D16 and X0D17 low (the initial state for the
Link), and monitors pins X0D18 and X0D19 for boot-traffic. X0D18 and X0D19
must be low at this stage. If the internal pull-down is too weak to drain any residual
charge, external pull-downs of 10K may be required on those pins.
The boot-rom on the core will then:
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
15
1. Allocate channel-end 0.
2. Input a word on channel-end 0. It will use this word as a channel to acknowledge
the boot. Provide the null-channel-end 0x0000FF02 if no acknowledgment is
required.
3. Input the boot image specified above, including the CRC.
4. Input an END control token.
5. Output an END control token to the channel-end received in step 2.
6. Free channel-end 0.
7. Jump to the loaded code.
7.3
Boot from OTP
If an xCORE tile is set to use secure boot (see Figure 7), the boot image is read
from address 0 of the OTP memory in the tile’s security module.
This feature can be used to implement a secure bootloader which loads an encrypted image from external flash, decrypts and CRC checks it with the processor,
and discontinues the boot process if the decryption or CRC check fails. XMOS
provides a default secure bootloader that can be written to the OTP along with
secret decryption keys.
Each tile has its own individual OTP memory, and hence some tiles can be booted
from OTP while others are booted from SPI or the channel interface. This enables
systems to be partially programmed, dedicating one or more tiles to perform a
particular function, leaving the other tiles user-programmable.
7.4
Security register
The security register enables security features on the xCORE tile. The features
shown in Figure 10 provide a strong level of protection and are sufficient for
providing strong IP security.
8
Memory
8.1
OTP
The xCORE Tile integrates 8 KB one-time programmable (OTP) memory along with
a security register that configures system wide security features. The OTP holds
data in four sectors each containing 512 rows of 32 bits which can be used to
implement secure bootloaders and store encryption keys. Data for the security
register is loaded from the OTP on power up. All additional data in OTP is copied
from the OTP to SRAM and executed first on the processor.
The OTP memory is programmed using three special I/O ports: the OTP address
port is a 16-bit port with resource ID 0x100200, the OTP data is written via a 32-bit
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
16
Feature
Bit
Description
Disable JTAG
0
The JTAG interface is disabled, making it impossible
for the tile state or memory content to be accessed
via the JTAG interface.
Disable Link access
1
Other tiles are forbidden access to the processor state
via the system switch. Disabling both JTAG and Link
access transforms an xCORE Tile into a “secure island”
with other tiles free for non-secure user application
code.
Secure Boot
5
The xCORE Tile is forced to boot from address 0 of
the OTP, allowing the xCORE Tile boot ROM to be
bypassed (see §7).
Redundant rows
7
Enables redundant rows in OTP.
Sector Lock 0
8
Disable programming of OTP sector 0.
Sector Lock 1
9
Disable programming of OTP sector 1.
Sector Lock 2
10
Disable programming of OTP sector 2.
Sector Lock 3
11
Disable programming of OTP sector 3.
OTP Master Lock
12
Disable OTP programming completely: disables updates to all sectors and security register.
Disable JTAG-OTP
13
Disable all (read & write) access from the JTAG interface to this OTP.
Disable Global Debug
14
Disables access to the DEBUG_N pin.
21..15
General purpose software accessable security register
available to end-users.
31..22
General purpose user programmable JTAG UserID
code extension.
Figure 10:
Security
register
features
port with resource ID 0x200100, and the OTP control is on a 16-bit port with ID
0x100300. Programming is performed through libotp and xburn.
8.2
SRAM
The xCORE Tile integrates a single 64KB SRAM bank for both instructions and
data. All internal memory is 32 bits wide, and instructions are either 16-bit or
32-bit. Byte (8-bit), half-word (16-bit) or word (32-bit) accesses are supported and
are executed within one tile clock cycle. There is no dedicated external memory
interface, although data memory can be expanded through appropriate use of the
ports.
9
JTAG
The JTAG module can be used for loading programs, boundary scan testing, incircuit source-level debugging and programming the OTP memory.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
17
BS TAP
TDI
TDI
CHIP TAP
TDO
TDI
TDO
TDO
TCK
TMS
Figure 11:
JTAG chain
structure
TRST_N
DEBUG_N
The JTAG chain structure is illustrated in Figure 11. Directly after reset, two TAP
controllers are present in the JTAG chain: the boundary scan TAP and the chip TAP.
The boundary scan TAP is a standard 1149.1 compliant TAP that can be used for
boundary scan of the I/O pins. The chip TAP provides access into the xCORE Tile,
switch and OTP for loading code and debugging.
The TRST_N pin must be asserted low during and after power up for 100 ns. If JTAG
is not required, the TRST_N pin can be tied to ground to hold the JTAG module in
reset.
The DEBUG_N pin is used to synchronize the debugging of multiple xCORE Tiles.
This pin can operate in both output and input mode. In output mode and when
configured to do so, DEBUG_N is driven low by the device when the processor hits
a debug break point. Prior to this point the pin will be tri-stated. In input mode
and when configured to do so, driving this pin low will put the xCORE Tile into
debug mode. Software can set the behavior of the xCORE Tile based on this pin.
This pin should have an external pull up of 4K7-47K Ω or left not connected in
single core applications.
The JTAG device identification register can be read by using the IDCODE instruction.
Its contents are specified in Figure 12.
Figure 12:
IDCODE
return value
Bit31
Device Identification Register
Version
0
0
0
Bit0
Part Number
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Manufacturer Identity
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
1
2
1
0
0
0
6
1
1
1
0
0
3
1
1
3
The JTAG usercode register can be read by using the USERCODE instruction. Its
contents are specified in Figure 13. The OTP User ID field is read from bits [22:31]
of the security register , see §8.1 (all zero on unprogrammed devices).
Figure 13:
USERCODE
return value
X7427,
Bit31
Usercode Register
OTP User ID
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Bit0
Unused
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Silicon Revision
0
1
2
0
1
0
0
8
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
10
18
Board Integration
The device has the following power supply pins:
· VDD pins for the xCORE Tile
· VDDIO pins for the I/O lines
· PLL_AVDD pins for the PLL
· OTP_VCC pins for the OTP
· OTP_VPP pins for faster programming the OTP (optional)
Several pins of each type are provided to minimize the effect of inductance within
the package, all of which must be connected. The power supplies must be brought
up monotonically and input voltages must not exceed specification at any time.
The VDD supply must ramp from 0 V to its final value within 10 ms to ensure
correct startup.
The VDDIO and OTP_VCC supply must ramp to its final value before VDD reaches
0.4 V.
The PLL_AVDD supply should be separated from the other noisier supplies on
the board. The PLL requires a very clean power supply, and a low pass filter (for
example, a 4.7 Ω resistor and 100 nF multi-layer ceramic capacitor) is recommended
on this pin.
The OTP_VCC supply should be connected to the VDDIO supply.
The OTP_VPP supply can be optionally provided for faster OTP programming times,
otherwise an internal charge pump is used.
The following ground pins are provided:
· PLL_AGND for PLL_AVDD
· GND for all other supplies
All ground pins must be connected directly to the board ground.
The VDD and VDDIO supplies should be decoupled close to the chip by several
100 nF low inductance multi-layer ceramic capacitors between the supplies and
GND (for example, 4x100nF 0402 low inductance MLCCs per supply rail). The
ground side of the decoupling capacitors should have as short a path back to the
GND pins as possible. A bulk decoupling capacitor of at least 10 uF should be
placed on each of these supplies.
RST_N is an active-low asynchronous-assertion global reset signal. Following a
reset, the PLL re-establishes lock after which the device boots up according to the
boot mode (see §7). RST_N and must be asserted low during and after power up
for 100 ns.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
10.1
19
Land patterns and solder stencils
The land pattern recommendations in this document are based on a RoHS compliant
process and derived, where possible, from the nominal Generic Requirements for
Surface Mount Design and Land Pattern Standards IPC-7351B specifications. This
standard aims to achieve desired targets of heel, toe and side fillets for solderjoints.
Solder paste and ground via recommendations are based on our engineering and
development kit board production. They have been found to work and optimized
as appropriate to achieve a high yield. The size, type and number of vias used in
the center pad affects how much solder wicks down the vias during reflow. This in
turn, along with solder paster coverage, affects the final assembled package height.
These factors should be taken into account during design and manufacturing of
the PCB.
The following land patterns and solder paste contains recommendations. Final land
pattern and solder paste decisions are the responsibility of the customer. These
should be tuned during manufacture to suit the manufacturing process.
The package is a 128 pin Thin Quad Flat Pack package with exposed heat slug on
a 0.4mm pitch. An example land pattern is shown in Figure 14.
Pad widths and spacings are such that solder mask can still be applied between the
pads using standard design rules. This is recommended to reduce solder shorts.
The center pad solder paste level needs to be controlled so the device sits the
correct height from the circuit board. For the 128 pin TQFP package, a 3x3 array
of squares for solder paste is recommended as shown in Figure 15. This gives a
paste level of 56%.
10.2
Ground and Thermal Vias
Vias under the heat slug into the ground plane of the PCB are recommended for a
low inductance ground connection and good thermal performance. A 3 x 3 grid of
vias, with a 0.6mm diameter annular ring and a 0.3mm drill, equally spaced across
the heat slug, would be suitable.
10.3
Moisture Sensitivity
XMOS devices are, like all semiconductor devices, susceptible to moisture absorption. When removed from the sealed packaging, the devices slowly absorb moisture
from the surrounding environment. If the level of moisture present in the device
is too high during reflow, damage can occur due to the increased internal vapour
pressure of moisture. Example damage can include bond wire damage, die lifting,
internal or external package cracks and/or delamination.
All XMOS devices are Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) 3 - devices have a shelf life
of 168 hours between removal from the packaging and reflow, provided they
are stored below 30C and 60% RH. If devices have exceeded these values or an
included moisture indicator card shows excessive levels of moisture, then the parts
should be baked as appropriate before use. This is based on information from Joint
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
20
15.40
4.80
0.40
4.80
15.40
0.20
Figure 14:
Example land
pattern
1.45
IPC/JEDEC Standard For Moisture/Reflow Sensitivity Classification For Nonhermetic
Solid State Surface-Mount Devices J-STD-020 Revision D.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
21
4.80
4.80
1.20
1.50
Figure 15:
Solder stencil
for centre
pad
X7427,
1.20
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
11
22
DC and Switching Characteristics
11.1
Operating Conditions
Symbol
Parameter
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
VDD
Tile DC supply voltage
0.95
1.00
1.05
V
VDDIO
I/O supply voltage
3.00
3.30
3.60
V
PLL_AVDD
PLL analog supply
0.95
1.00
1.05
V
OTP_VCC
OTP supply voltage
3.00
3.30
3.60
V
OTP_VPP
OTP external programming
voltage (optional program only)
6.18
6.50
6.83
V
Cl
xCORE Tile I/O load
capacitance
Ambient operating
temperature (Commercial)
Ta
Figure 16:
Operating
conditions
Ambient operating
temperature (Industrial)
Tj
Junction temperature
Tstg
Storage temperature
11.2
Figure 17:
DC characteristics
25
pF
0
70
°C
-40
85
°C
125
°C
-65
150
°C
Notes
DC Characteristics
Symbol
Parameter
MIN
MAX
UNITS
Notes
V(IH)
Input high voltage
2.00
TYP
3.60
V
A
V(IL)
Input low voltage
-0.30
0.70
V
A
V(OH)
Output high voltage
V
B, C
V(OL)
Output low voltage
V
B, C
R(PU)
Pull-up resistance
35K
Ω
D
R(PD)
Pull-down resistance
35K
Ω
D
2.00
0.60
A All pins except power supply pins.
B Ports 1A, 1D, 1E, 1H, 1I, 1J, 1K and 1L are nominal 8 mA drivers, the remainder of the
general-purpose I/Os are 4 mA.
C Measured with 4 mA drivers sourcing 4 mA, 8 mA drivers sourcing 8 mA.
D Used to guarantee logic state for an I/O when high impedance. The internal pull-ups/pull-downs
should not be used to pull external circuitry.
11.3
Figure 18:
ESD stress
voltage
X7427,
ESD Stress Voltage
Symbol
Parameter
HBM
Human body model
MM
Machine model
MAX
UNITS
-2.00
MIN
TYP
2.00
KV
-200
200
Notes
V
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
11.4
Figure 19:
Reset timing
23
Reset Timing
Symbol
Parameters
MIN
T(RST)
Reset pulse width
5
T(INIT)
Initialization time
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Notes
us
150
µs
A
A Shows the time taken to start booting after RST_N has gone high.
11.5
Figure 20:
xCORE Tile
currents
Power Consumption
Symbol
Parameter
I(DDCQ)
Quiescent VDD current
PD
Tile power dissipation
IDD
I(ADDPLL)
UNITS
Notes
14
mA
A, B, C
450
µW/MIPS
A, D, E, F
Active VDD current (Speed Grade
4)
160 300
mA
A, G
Active VDD current (Speed Grade
5)
200 375
mA
A, H
mA
I
PLL_AVDD current
MIN TYP MAX
7
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
Use for budgetary purposes only.
Assumes typical tile and I/O voltages with no switching activity.
Includes PLL current.
Assumes typical tile and I/O voltages with nominal switching activity.
Assumes 1 MHz = 1 MIPS.
PD(TYP) value is the usage power consumption under typical operating conditions.
Measurement conditions: VDD = 1.0 V, VDDIO = 3.3 V, 25 °C, 400 MHz, average device resource
usage.
H Measurement conditions: VDD = 1.0 V, VDDIO = 3.3 V, 25 °C, 500 MHz, average device resource
usage.
I PLL_AVDD = 1.0 V
The tile power consumption of the device is highly application dependent and
should be used for budgetary purposes only.
More detailed power analysis can be found in the XS1-L Power Consumption
document, X2999.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
11.6
24
Clock
Symbol
Parameter
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
f
Frequency
4.22
20
100
MHz
SR
Slew rate
0.10
TJ(LT)
Long term jitter (pk-pk)
2
%
A
f(MAX)
Processor clock frequency (Speed
Grade 4)
400
MHz
B
Processor clock frequency (Speed
Grade 5)
500
MHz
B
Figure 21:
Clock
Notes
V/ns
A Percentage of CLK period.
B Assumes typical tile and I/O voltages with nominal activity.
Further details can be found in the XS1-L Clock Frequency Control document,
X1433.
The OTP may be programmed using its internal charge pump or by supplying a
6.5V VPP programming voltage on the OTP_VPP pin. Unless a programming cycle
is underway the OTP_VPP pins should be left undriven.
11.7
Figure 22:
I/O AC characteristics
xCORE Tile I/O AC Characteristics
Symbol
Parameter
MIN TYP MAX UNITS
T(XOVALID)
Input data valid window
8
T(XOINVALID)
Output data invalid window
9
T(XIFMAX)
Rate at which data can be sampled
with respect to an external clock
Notes
ns
ns
60
MHz
The input valid window parameter relates to the capability of the device to capture
data input to the chip with respect to an external clock source. It is calculated as the
sum of the input setup time and input hold time with respect to the external clock
as measured at the pins. The output invalid window specifies the time for which
an output is invalid with respect to the external clock. Note that these parameters
are specified as a window rather than absolute numbers since the device provides
functionality to delay the incoming clock with respect to the incoming data.
Information on interfacing to high-speed synchronous interfaces can be found in
the XS1 Port I/O Timing document, X5821.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
11.8
Figure 23:
Link
performance
25
xConnect Link Performance
Symbol
Parameter
MAX
UNITS
Notes
B(2blinkP)
2b link bandwidth (packetized)
MIN
TYP
87
MBit/s
A, B
B(5blinkP)
5b link bandwidth (packetized)
217
MBit/s
A, B
B(2blinkS)
2b link bandwidth (streaming)
100
MBit/s
B
B(5blinkS)
5b link bandwidth (streaming)
250
MBit/s
B
A Assumes 32-byte packet in 3-byte header mode. Actual performance depends on size of the header
and payload.
B 7.5 ns symbol time.
The asynchronous nature of links means that the relative phasing of CLK clocks is
not important in a multi-clock system, providing each meets the required stability
criteria.
11.9
Figure 24:
JTAG timing
JTAG Timing
Symbol
Parameter
f(TCK_D)
TCK frequency (debug)
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
18
MHz
10
MHz
f(TCK_B)
TCK frequency (boundary scan)
T(SETUP)
TDO to TCK setup time
5
ns
A
T(HOLD)
TDO to TCK hold time
5
ns
A
T(DELAY)
TCK to output delay
ns
B
15
Notes
A Timing applies to TMS and TDI inputs.
B Timing applies to TDO output from negative edge of TCK.
All JTAG operations are synchronous to TCK apart from the global asynchronous
reset TRST_N.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
12
X7427,
26
Package Information
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
12.1
27
Part Marking
CC - Number of logical cores
F - Product family
R - RAM (in log-2)
T - Temperature grade
M - MIPS grade
CCFRTM
MCYYWWXX
Figure 25:
Part marking
scheme
13
Wafer lot code
Ordering Information
Figure 26:
Orderable
part numbers
X7427,
LLLLLL.LL
MC - Manufacturer
YYWW - Date
XX - Reserved
Product Code
XS1–L6A–64–TQ128–C4
XS1–L6A–64–TQ128–C5
XS1–L6A–64–TQ128–I4
XS1–L6A–64–TQ128–I5
Marking
6L6C4
6L6C5
6L6I4
6L6I5
Qualification
Commercial
Commercial
Industrial
Industrial
Speed Grade
400 MIPS
500 MIPS
400 MIPS
500 MIPS
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
28
Appendices
A
Configuration of the XS1
The device is configured through three banks of registers, as shown in Figure 27.
Security
OTP ROM
PLL
xTIME: schedulers
timers, clocks
SRAM
64KB
JTAGstatus
Processor
debug
registers
xCORE logical core 1
xCORE logical core 2
xCORE logical core 3
Channels
I/O pins
Hardware
response
ports
xCORE
tile
registers
xCORE logical core 4
Figure 27:
Registers
xCONNECT links
xCORE logical core 0
Node
registers
xCORE logical core 5
The following communication sequences specify how to access those registers.
Any messages transmitted contain the most significant 24 bits of the channel-end
to which a response is to be sent. This comprises the node-identifier and the
channel number within the node. if no response is required on a write operation,
supply 24-bits with the last 8-bits set, which suppresses the reply message. Any
multi-byte data is sent most significant byte first.
A.1
Accessing a processor status register
The processor status registers are accessed directly from the processor instruction
set. The instructions GETPS and SETPS read and write a word. The register number
should be translated into a processor-status resource identifier by shifting the
register number left 8 places, and ORing it with 0x0C. Alternatively, the functions
getps(reg) and setps(reg,value) can be used from XC.
A.2
Accessing an xCORE Tile configuration register
xCORE Tile configuration registers can be accessed through the interconnect using
the functions write_tile_config_reg(tileref, ...) and read_tile_config_reg(tile
> ref, ...), where tileref is the name of the xCORE Tile, e.g. tile[1]. These
functions implement the protocols described below.
Instead of using the functions above, a channel-end can be allocated to communicate with the xCORE tile configuration registers. The destination of the channel-end
should be set to 0xnnnnC20C where nnnnnn is the tile-identifier.
A write message comprises the following:
X7427,
control-token
24-bit response
16-bit
32-bit
control-token
192
channel-end identifier
register number
data
1
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
29
The response to a write message comprises either control tokens 3 and 1 (for
success), or control tokens 4 and 1 (for failure).
A read message comprises the following:
control-token
24-bit response
16-bit
control-token
193
channel-end identifier
register number
1
The response to the read message comprises either control token 3, 32-bit of data,
and control-token 1 (for success), or control tokens 4 and 1 (for failure).
A.3
Accessing node configuration
Node configuration registers can be accessed through the interconnect using
the functions write_node_config_reg(device, ...) and read_node_config_reg(device,
> ...), where device is the name of the node. These functions implement the
protocols described below.
Instead of using the functions above, a channel-end can be allocated to communicate with the node configuration registers. The destination of the channel-end
should be set to 0xnnnnC30C where nnnn is the node-identifier.
A write message comprises the following:
control-token
24-bit response
16-bit
32-bit
control-token
192
channel-end identifier
register number
data
1
The response to a write message comprises either control tokens 3 and 1 (for
success), or control tokens 4 and 1 (for failure).
A read message comprises the following:
control-token
24-bit response
16-bit
control-token
193
channel-end identifier
register number
1
The response to a read message comprises either control token 3, 32-bit of data,
and control-token 1 (for success), or control tokens 4 and 1 (for failure).
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
B
30
Processor Status Configuration
The processor status control registers can be accessed directly by the processor
using processor status reads and writes (use getps(reg) and setps(reg,value) for
reads and writes).
Number
Figure 28:
Summary
X7427,
Perm
Description
0x00
RW
RAM base address
0x01
RW
Vector base address
0x02
RW
xCORE Tile control
0x03
RO
xCORE Tile boot status
0x05
RO
Security configuration
0x06
RW
Ring Oscillator Control
0x07
RO
Ring Oscillator Value
0x08
RO
Ring Oscillator Value
0x09
RO
Ring Oscillator Value
0x0A
RO
Ring Oscillator Value
0x10
DRW
Debug SSR
0x11
DRW
Debug SPC
0x12
DRW
Debug SSP
0x13
DRW
DGETREG operand 1
0x14
DRW
DGETREG operand 2
0x15
DRW
Debug interrupt type
0x16
DRW
Debug interrupt data
0x18
DRW
Debug core control
0x20 .. 0x27
DRW
Debug scratch
0x30 .. 0x33
DRW
Instruction breakpoint address
0x40 .. 0x43
DRW
Instruction breakpoint control
0x50 .. 0x53
DRW
Data watchpoint address 1
0x60 .. 0x63
DRW
Data watchpoint address 2
0x70 .. 0x73
DRW
Data breakpoint control register
0x80 .. 0x83
DRW
Resources breakpoint mask
0x90 .. 0x93
DRW
Resources breakpoint value
0x9C .. 0x9F
DRW
Resources breakpoint control register
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
B.1
31
RAM base address: 0x00
This register contains the base address of the RAM. It is initialized to 0x00010000.
0x00:
RAM base
address
Bits
Perm
31:2
RW
1:0
RO
B.2
Init
Description
Most significant 16 bits of all addresses.
-
Reserved
Vector base address: 0x01
Base address of event vectors in each resource. On an interrupt or event, the 16
most significant bits of the destination address are provided by this register; the
least significant 16 bits come from the event vector.
0x01:
Vector base
address
Bits
Perm
31:16
RW
15:0
RO
B.3
Init
Description
The most significant bits for all event and interrupt vectors.
-
Reserved
xCORE Tile control: 0x02
Register to control features in the xCORE tile
0x02:
xCORE Tile
control
Bits
Perm
31:6
RO
-
5
RW
0
Set to 1 to select the dynamic mode for the clock divider when
the clock divider is enabled. In dynamic mode the clock divider is
only activated when all active logical cores are paused. In static
mode the clock divider is always enabled.
4
RW
0
Set to 1 to enable the clock divider. This slows down the xCORE
tile clock in order to use less power.
3:0
RO
-
B.4
Init
Description
Reserved
Reserved
xCORE Tile boot status: 0x03
This read-only register describes the boot status of the xCORE tile.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
Bits
Perm
32
Init
31:24
RO
23:16
RO
15:9
RO
8
RO
Set to 1 if boot from OTP is enabled.
7:0
RO
The boot mode pins MODE0, MODE1, ..., specifying the boot
frequency, boot source, etc.
0x03:
xCORE Tile
boot status
B.5
-
Description
Reserved
xCORE tile number on the switch.
-
Reserved
Security configuration: 0x05
Copy of the security register as read from OTP.
0x05:
Security
configuration
Bits
Perm
31:0
RO
B.6
Init
Description
Value.
Ring Oscillator Control: 0x06
There are four free-running oscillators that clock four counters. The oscillators
can be started and stopped using this register. The counters should only be read
when the ring oscillator is stopped. The counter values can be read using four
subsequent registers. The ring oscillators are asynchronous to the xCORE tile clock
and can be used as a source of random bits.
0x06:
Ring
Oscillator
Control
Bits
Perm
31:2
RO
-
1
RW
0
Set to 1 to enable the xCORE tile ring oscillators
0
RW
0
Set to 1 to enable the peripheral ring oscillators
B.7
Init
Description
Reserved
Ring Oscillator Value: 0x07
This register contains the current count of the xCORE Tile Cell ring oscillator. This
value is not reset on a system reset.
0x07:
Ring
Oscillator
Value
X7427,
Bits
Perm
Init
Description
31:16
RO
-
Reserved
15:0
RO
-
Ring oscillator counter data.
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
B.8
33
Ring Oscillator Value: 0x08
This register contains the current count of the xCORE Tile Wire ring oscillator. This
value is not reset on a system reset.
0x08:
Ring
Oscillator
Value
Bits
Perm
Init
Description
31:16
RO
-
Reserved
15:0
RO
-
Ring oscillator counter data.
B.9
Ring Oscillator Value: 0x09
This register contains the current count of the Peripheral Cell ring oscillator. This
value is not reset on a system reset.
0x09:
Ring
Oscillator
Value
Bits
Perm
Init
Description
31:16
RO
-
Reserved
15:0
RO
-
Ring oscillator counter data.
B.10
Ring Oscillator Value: 0x0A
This register contains the current count of the Peripheral Wire ring oscillator. This
value is not reset on a system reset.
0x0A:
Ring
Oscillator
Value
Bits
Perm
Init
Description
31:16
RO
-
Reserved
15:0
RO
-
Ring oscillator counter data.
B.11
Debug SSR: 0x10
This register contains the value of the SSR register when the debugger was called.
0x10:
Debug SSR
Bits
Perm
31:0
RO
B.12
Init
-
Description
Reserved
Debug SPC: 0x11
This register contains the value of the SPC register when the debugger was called.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
0x11:
Debug SPC
Bits
Perm
31:0
DRW
B.13
34
Init
Description
Value.
Debug SSP: 0x12
This register contains the value of the SSP register when the debugger was called.
0x12:
Debug SSP
Bits
Perm
31:0
DRW
B.14
Init
Description
Value.
DGETREG operand 1: 0x13
The resource ID of the logical core whose state is to be read.
0x13:
DGETREG
operand 1
Bits
31:8
7:0
B.15
Perm
RO
Init
-
DRW
Description
Reserved
Thread number to be read
DGETREG operand 2: 0x14
Register number to be read by DGETREG
0x14:
DGETREG
operand 2
Bits
Perm
31:5
RO
4:0
B.16
DRW
Init
-
Description
Reserved
Register number to be read
Debug interrupt type: 0x15
Register that specifies what activated the debug interrupt.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
Bits
Perm
35
Init
-
Description
31:18
RO
17:16
DRW
If the debug interrupt was caused by a hardware breakpoint
or hardware watchpoint, this field contains the number of the
breakpoint or watchpoint. If multiple breakpoints or watchpoints trigger at once, the lowest number is taken.
15:8
DRW
If the debug interrupt was caused by a logical core, this field
contains the number of that core. Otherwise this field is 0.
7:3
RO
-
2:0
DRW
0
0x15:
Debug
interrupt type
B.17
Reserved
Reserved
Indicates the cause of the debug interrupt
1: Host initiated a debug interrupt through JTAG
2: Program executed a DCALL instruction
3: Instruction breakpoint
4: Data watch point
5: Resource watch point
Debug interrupt data: 0x16
On a data watchpoint, this register contains the effective address of the memory
operation that triggered the debugger. On a resource watchpoint, it countains the
resource identifier.
0x16:
Debug
interrupt data
Bits
Perm
31:0
DRW
B.18
Init
Description
Value.
Debug core control: 0x18
This register enables the debugger to temporarily disable logical cores. When
returning from the debug interrupts, the cores set in this register will not execute.
This enables single stepping to be implemented.
0x18:
Debug core
control
X7427,
Bits
Perm
31:8
RO
7:0
DRW
Init
-
Description
Reserved
1-hot vector defining which logical cores are stopped when not
in debug mode. Every bit which is set prevents the respective
logical core from running.
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
B.19
36
Debug scratch: 0x20 .. 0x27
A set of registers used by the debug ROM to communicate with an external
debugger, for example over JTAG. This is the same set of registers as the Debug
Scratch registers in the xCORE tile configuration.
0x20 .. 0x27:
Debug
scratch
Bits
Perm
31:0
DRW
B.20
Init
Description
Value.
Instruction breakpoint address: 0x30 .. 0x33
This register contains the address of the instruction breakpoint. If the PC matches
this address, then a debug interrupt will be taken. There are four instruction
breakpoints that are controlled individually.
0x30 .. 0x33:
Instruction
breakpoint
address
Bits
Perm
31:0
DRW
B.21
Init
Description
Value.
Instruction breakpoint control: 0x40 .. 0x43
This register controls which logical cores may take an instruction breakpoint, and
under which condition.
Bits
Perm
Init
31:24
RO
-
23:16
DRW
0
15:2
0x40 .. 0x43:
Instruction
breakpoint
control
B.22
Description
Reserved
A bit for each logical core in the tile allowing the breakpoint to
be enabled individually for each logical core.
RO
-
1
DRW
0
Reserved
Set to 1 to cause an instruction breakpoint if the PC is not
equal to the breakpoint address. By default, the breakpoint is
triggered when the PC is equal to the breakpoint address.
0
DRW
0
When 1 the instruction breakpoint is enabled.
Data watchpoint address 1: 0x50 .. 0x53
This set of registers contains the first address for the four data watchpoints.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
0x50 .. 0x53:
Data
watchpoint
address 1
Bits
Perm
31:0
DRW
B.23
37
Init
Description
Value.
Data watchpoint address 2: 0x60 .. 0x63
This set of registers contains the second address for the four data watchpoints.
0x60 .. 0x63:
Data
watchpoint
address 2
Bits
Perm
31:0
DRW
B.24
Init
Description
Value.
Data breakpoint control register: 0x70 .. 0x73
This set of registers controls each of the four data watchpoints.
Bits
Perm
Init
31:24
RO
-
23:16
DRW
0
15:3
0x70 .. 0x73:
Data
breakpoint
control
register
B.25
Description
Reserved
A bit for each logical core in the tile allowing the breakpoint to
be enabled individually for each logical core.
RO
-
2
DRW
0
Reserved
Set to 1 to enable breakpoints to be triggered on loads. Breakpoints always trigger on stores.
1
DRW
0
By default, data watchpoints trigger if memory in the range
[Address1..Address2] is accessed (the range is inclusive of Address1 and Address2). If set to 1, data watchpoints trigger if
memory outside the range (Address2..Address1) is accessed
(the range is exclusive of Address2 and Address1).
0
DRW
0
When 1 the instruction breakpoint is enabled.
Resources breakpoint mask: 0x80 .. 0x83
This set of registers contains the mask for the four resource watchpoints.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
0x80 .. 0x83:
Resources
breakpoint
mask
Bits
Perm
31:0
DRW
B.26
38
Init
Description
Value.
Resources breakpoint value: 0x90 .. 0x93
This set of registers contains the value for the four resource watchpoints.
0x90 .. 0x93:
Resources
breakpoint
value
Bits
Perm
31:0
DRW
B.27
Init
Description
Value.
Resources breakpoint control register: 0x9C .. 0x9F
This set of registers controls each of the four resource watchpoints.
Bits
X7427,
Init
31:24
RO
-
23:16
DRW
0
15:2
0x9C .. 0x9F:
Resources
breakpoint
control
register
Perm
Description
Reserved
A bit for each logical core in the tile allowing the breakpoint to
be enabled individually for each logical core.
RO
-
1
DRW
0
Reserved
By default, resource watchpoints trigger when the resource id
masked with the set Mask equals the Value. If set to 1, resource
watchpoints trigger when the resource id masked with the set
Mask is not equal to the Value.
0
DRW
0
When 1 the instruction breakpoint is enabled.
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
C
39
Tile Configuration
The xCORE Tile control registers can be accessed using configuration reads and
writes (use write_tile_config_reg(tileref, ...) and read_tile_config_reg(tileref,
> ...) for reads and writes).
Number
Figure 29:
Summary
X7427,
Perm
Description
0x00
RO
Device identification
0x01
RO
xCORE Tile description 1
0x02
RO
xCORE Tile description 2
0x04
CRW
Control PSwitch permissions to debug registers
0x05
CRW
Cause debug interrupts
0x06
RW
xCORE Tile clock divider
0x07
RO
Security configuration
0x10 .. 0x13
RO
PLink status
0x20 .. 0x27
CRW
Debug scratch
0x40
RO
PC of logical core 0
0x41
RO
PC of logical core 1
0x42
RO
PC of logical core 2
0x43
RO
PC of logical core 3
0x44
RO
PC of logical core 4
0x45
RO
PC of logical core 5
0x60
RO
SR of logical core 0
0x61
RO
SR of logical core 1
0x62
RO
SR of logical core 2
0x63
RO
SR of logical core 3
0x64
RO
SR of logical core 4
0x65
RO
SR of logical core 5
0x80 .. 0x9F
RO
Chanend status
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
C.1
Device identification: 0x00
Bits
0x00:
Device
identification
40
Perm
Init
Description
31:24
RO
Processor ID of this xCORE tile.
23:16
RO
Number of the node in which this xCORE tile is located.
15:8
RO
xCORE tile revision.
7:0
RO
xCORE tile version.
C.2
xCORE Tile description 1: 0x01
This register describes the number of logical cores, synchronisers, locks and
channel ends available on this xCORE tile.
Bits
0x01:
xCORE Tile
description 1
Perm
Init
Description
31:24
RO
Number of channel ends.
23:16
RO
Number of locks.
15:8
RO
Number of synchronisers.
7:0
RO
C.3
-
Reserved
xCORE Tile description 2: 0x02
This register describes the number of timers and clock blocks available on this
xCORE tile.
Bits
0x02:
xCORE Tile
description 2
Perm
Init
31:16
RO
15:8
RO
Number of clock blocks.
7:0
RO
Number of timers.
C.4
-
Description
Reserved
Control PSwitch permissions to debug registers: 0x04
This register can be used to control whether the debug registers (marked with
permission CRW) are accessible through the tile configuration registers. When this
bit is set, write -access to those registers is disabled, preventing debugging of the
xCORE tile over the interconnect.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
0x04:
Control
PSwitch
permissions
to debug
registers
Bits
31:1
0
C.5
Perm
RO
41
Init
-
CRW
Description
Reserved
Set to 1 to restrict PSwitch access to all CRW marked registers to
become read-only rather than read-write.
Cause debug interrupts: 0x05
This register can be used to raise a debug interrupt in this xCORE tile.
0x05:
Cause debug
interrupts
Bits
Perm
31:2
RO
-
1
RO
0
Set to 1 when the processor is in debug mode.
0
CRW
0
Set to 1 to request a debug interrupt on the processor.
C.6
Init
Description
Reserved
xCORE Tile clock divider: 0x06
This register contains the value used to divide the PLL clock to create the xCORE
tile clock. The divider is enabled under control of the tile control register
0x06:
xCORE Tile
clock divider
Bits
Perm
31:8
RO
7:0
RW
C.7
Init
-
Description
Reserved
Value of the clock divider minus one.
Security configuration: 0x07
Copy of the security register as read from OTP.
0x07:
Security
configuration
Bits
Perm
31:0
RO
C.8
Init
Description
Value.
PLink status: 0x10 .. 0x13
Status of each of the four processor links; connecting the xCORE tile to the switch.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
Bits
Perm
31:26
RO
42
Init
-
Description
Reserved
25:24
RO
00 - ChannelEnd, 01 - ERROR, 10 - PSCTL, 11 - Idle.
23:16
RO
Based on SRC_TARGET_TYPE value, it represents channelEnd ID
or Idle status.
15:6
RO
5:4
RO
3
RO
2
RO
1
RO
0
Set to 1 if the switch is routing data into the link, and if a route
exists from another link.
0
RO
0
Set to 1 if the link is routing data into the switch, and if a route
is created to another link on the switch.
0x10 .. 0x13:
PLink status
C.9
-
Reserved
Two-bit network identifier
-
Reserved
1 when the current packet is considered junk and will be thrown
away.
Debug scratch: 0x20 .. 0x27
A set of registers used by the debug ROM to communicate with an external
debugger, for example over the switch. This is the same set of registers as the
Debug Scratch registers in the processor status.
0x20 .. 0x27:
Debug
scratch
Bits
Perm
31:0
CRW
C.10
Init
Description
Value.
PC of logical core 0: 0x40
Value of the PC of logical core 0.
0x40:
PC of logical
core 0
X7427,
Bits
Perm
31:0
RO
Init
Description
Value.
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
C.11
0x41:
PC of logical
core 1
0x42:
PC of logical
core 2
Bits
Perm
RO
Perm
31:0
RO
0x44:
PC of logical
core 4
Bits
Perm
RO
0x45:
PC of logical
core 5
Perm
31:0
RO
Init
Description
Value.
Init
Description
Value.
Init
Description
Value.
PC of logical core 5: 0x45
Bits
Perm
31:0
RO
C.16
Value.
PC of logical core 4: 0x44
Bits
C.15
Description
PC of logical core 3: 0x43
31:0
C.14
Init
PC of logical core 2: 0x42
Bits
C.13
0x43:
PC of logical
core 3
PC of logical core 1: 0x41
31:0
C.12
43
Init
Description
Value.
SR of logical core 0: 0x60
Value of the SR of logical core 0
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
0x60:
SR of logical
core 0
Bits
Perm
31:0
RO
C.17
0x61:
SR of logical
core 1
0x62:
SR of logical
core 2
Perm
31:0
RO
0x63:
SR of logical
core 3
Perm
31:0
RO
0x64:
SR of logical
core 4
Bits
Perm
RO
0x65:
SR of logical
core 5
X7427,
Init
Description
Value.
Init
Description
Value.
Init
Description
Value.
SR of logical core 4: 0x64
Bits
Perm
31:0
RO
C.21
Value.
SR of logical core 3: 0x63
31:0
C.20
Description
SR of logical core 2: 0x62
Bits
C.19
Init
SR of logical core 1: 0x61
Bits
C.18
44
Init
Description
Value.
SR of logical core 5: 0x65
Bits
Perm
31:0
RO
Init
Description
Value.
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
C.22
45
Chanend status: 0x80 .. 0x9F
These registers record the status of each channel-end on the tile.
Bits
0x80 .. 0x9F:
Chanend
status
X7427,
Perm
Init
-
Description
31:26
RO
25:24
RO
00 - ChannelEnd, 01 - ERROR, 10 - PSCTL, 11 - Idle.
23:16
RO
Based on SRC_TARGET_TYPE value, it represents channelEnd ID
or Idle status.
15:6
RO
5:4
RO
3
RO
2
RO
1
RO
0
Set to 1 if the switch is routing data into the link, and if a route
exists from another link.
0
RO
0
Set to 1 if the link is routing data into the switch, and if a route
is created to another link on the switch.
-
Reserved
Reserved
Two-bit network identifier
-
Reserved
1 when the current packet is considered junk and will be thrown
away.
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
D
46
Node Configuration
The digital node control registers can be accessed using configuration reads and
writes (use write_node_config_reg(device, ...) and read_node_config_reg(device,
> ...) for reads and writes).
Number
0x00
Figure 30:
Summary
Perm
Description
RO
Device identification
0x01
RO
System switch description
0x04
RW
Switch configuration
0x05
RW
Switch node identifier
0x06
RW
PLL settings
0x07
RW
System switch clock divider
0x08
RW
Reference clock
0x0C
RW
Directions 0-7
0x0D
RW
Directions 8-15
0x10
RW
DEBUG_N configuration
0x1F
RO
Debug source
0x20 .. 0x27
RW
Link status, direction, and network
0x40 .. 0x43
RW
PLink status and network
0x80 .. 0x87
RW
Link configuration and initialization
0xA0 .. 0xA7
RW
Static link configuration
D.1
Device identification: 0x00
This register contains version and revision identifiers and the mode-pins as sampled
at boot-time.
Bits
0x00:
Device
identification
Perm
Init
31:24
RO
23:16
RO
Sampled values of pins MODE0, MODE1, ... on reset.
15:8
RO
SSwitch revision.
7:0
RO
SSwitch version.
D.2
0x00
Description
Chip identifier.
System switch description: 0x01
This register specifies the number of processors and links that are connected to
this switch.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
Bits
0x01:
System
switch
description
Perm
47
Init
31:24
RO
23:16
RO
Number of links on the switch.
15:8
RO
Number of cores that are connected to this switch.
7:0
RO
Number of links per processor.
D.3
-
Description
Reserved
Switch configuration: 0x04
This register enables the setting of two security modes (that disable updates to the
PLL or any other registers) and the header-mode.
Bits
0x04:
Switch
configuration
Perm
Init
31
RO
0
30:9
RO
-
8
RO
0
7:1
RO
-
0
RO
0
D.4
Description
Set to 1 to disable any write access to the configuration registers
in this switch.
Reserved
Set to 1 to disable updates to the PLL configuration register.
Reserved
Header mode. Set to 1 to enable 1-byte headers. This must be
performed on all nodes in the system.
Switch node identifier: 0x05
This register contains the node identifier.
Bits
0x05:
Switch node
identifier
Perm
Init
31:16
RO
-
15:0
RW
0
D.5
Description
Reserved
The unique 16-bit ID of this node. This ID is matched mostsignificant-bit first with incoming messages for routing purposes.
PLL settings: 0x06
An on-chip PLL multiplies the input clock up to a higher frequency clock, used to
clock the I/O, processor, and switch, see Oscillator. Note: a write to this register
will cause the tile to be reset.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
Bits
Perm
31:26
RO
25:23
RW
22:21
RO
20:8
RW
7
RO
6:0
RW
0x06:
PLL settings
D.6
48
Init
-
Description
Reserved
OD: Output divider value
The initial value depends on pins MODE0 and MODE1.
-
Reserved
F: Feedback multiplication ratio
The initial value depends on pins MODE0 and MODE1.
-
Reserved
R: Oscilator input divider value
The initial value depends on pins MODE0 and MODE1.
System switch clock divider: 0x07
Sets the ratio of the PLL clock and the switch clock.
0x07:
System
switch clock
divider
Bits
Perm
Init
31:16
RO
-
15:0
RW
0
D.7
Description
Reserved
Switch clock divider. The PLL clock will be divided by this value
plus one to derive the switch clock.
Reference clock: 0x08
Sets the ratio of the PLL clock and the reference clock used by the node.
Bits
0x08:
Reference
clock
Perm
Init
31:16
RO
-
15:0
RW
3
D.8
Description
Reserved
Architecture reference clock divider. The PLL clock will be
divided by this value plus one to derive the 100 MHz reference
clock.
Directions 0-7: 0x0C
This register contains eight directions, for packets with a mismatch in bits 7..0 of
the node-identifier. The direction in which a packet will be routed is goverened by
the most significant mismatching bit.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
Bits
0x0C:
Directions
0-7
Perm
49
Init
Description
31:28
RW
0
The direction for packets whose first mismatching bit is 7.
27:24
RW
0
The direction for packets whose first mismatching bit is 6.
23:20
RW
0
The direction for packets whose first mismatching bit is 5.
19:16
RW
0
The direction for packets whose first mismatching bit is 4.
15:12
RW
0
The direction for packets whose first mismatching bit is 3.
11:8
RW
0
The direction for packets whose first mismatching bit is 2.
7:4
RW
0
The direction for packets whose first mismatching bit is 1.
3:0
RW
0
The direction for packets whose first mismatching bit is 0.
D.9
Directions 8-15: 0x0D
This register contains eight directions, for packets with a mismatch in bits 15..8 of
the node-identifier. The direction in which a packet will be routed is goverened by
the most significant mismatching bit.
Bits
0x0D:
Directions
8-15
Perm
Init
Description
31:28
RW
0
The direction for packets whose first mismatching bit is 15.
27:24
RW
0
The direction for packets whose first mismatching bit is 14.
23:20
RW
0
The direction for packets whose first mismatching bit is 13.
19:16
RW
0
The direction for packets whose first mismatching bit is 12.
15:12
RW
0
The direction for packets whose first mismatching bit is 11.
11:8
RW
0
The direction for packets whose first mismatching bit is 10.
7:4
RW
0
The direction for packets whose first mismatching bit is 9.
3:0
RW
0
The direction for packets whose first mismatching bit is 8.
D.10
DEBUG_N configuration: 0x10
Configures the behavior of the DEBUG_N pin.
0x10:
DEBUG_N
configuration
X7427,
Bits
Perm
31:2
RO
Init
-
Description
1
RW
0
Set to 1 to enable signals on DEBUG_N to generate DCALL on the
core.
0
RW
0
When set to 1, the DEBUG_N wire will be pulled down when the
node enters debug mode.
Reserved
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
D.11
50
Debug source: 0x1F
Contains the source of the most recent debug event.
0x1F:
Debug source
Bits
Perm
31:5
RO
4
RW
3:1
RO
0
RW
D.12
Init
Description
-
Reserved
If set, the external DEBUG_N pin is the source of the most recent
debug interrupt.
-
Reserved
If set, the xCORE Tile is the source of the most recent debug
interrupt.
Link status, direction, and network: 0x20 .. 0x27
These registers contain status information for low level debugging (read-only), the
network number that each link belongs to, and the direction that each link is part
of. The registers control links C, D, A, B, G, H, E, and F in that order.
Bits
0x20 .. 0x27:
Link status,
direction, and
network
X7427,
Perm
Init
-
Description
31:26
RO
25:24
RO
Reserved
23:16
RO
0
15:12
RO
-
11:8
RW
0
7:6
RO
-
5:4
RW
0
3
RO
-
2
RO
0
Set to 1 if the current packet is junk and being thrown away. A
packet is considered junk if, for example, it is not routable.
1
RO
0
Set to 1 if the switch is routing data into the link, and if a route
exists from another link.
0
RO
0
Set to 1 if the link is routing data into the switch, and if a route
is created to another link on the switch.
If this link is currently routing data into the switch, this field
specifies the type of link that the data is routed to:
0: plink
1: external link
2: internal control link
If the link is routing data into the switch, this field specifies the
destination link number to which all tokens are sent.
Reserved
The direction that this this link is associated with; set for routing.
Reserved
Determines the network to which this link belongs, set for
quality of service.
Reserved
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
D.13
51
PLink status and network: 0x40 .. 0x43
These registers contain status information and the network number that each
processor-link belongs to.
Bits
Perm
31:26
RO
25:24
RO
23:16
RO
Init
-
Description
Reserved
If this link is currently routing data into the switch, this field
specifies the type of link that the data is routed to:
0: plink
1: external link
2: internal control link
0
If the link is routing data into the switch, this field specifies the
destination link number to which all tokens are sent.
15:6
RO
-
5:4
RW
0
3
RO
-
2
RO
0
Set to 1 if the current packet is junk and being thrown away. A
packet is considered junk if, for example, it is not routable.
1
RO
0
Set to 1 if the switch is routing data into the link, and if a route
exists from another link.
0
RO
0
Set to 1 if the link is routing data into the switch, and if a route
is created to another link on the switch.
0x40 .. 0x43:
PLink status
and network
D.14
Reserved
Determines the network to which this link belongs, set for
quality of service.
Reserved
Link configuration and initialization: 0x80 .. 0x87
These registers contain configuration and debugging information specific to external links. The link speed and width can be set, the link can be initialized, and the
link status can be monitored. The registers control links C, D, A, B, G, H, E, and F
in that order.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
Bits
0x80 .. 0x87:
Link
configuration
and
initialization
Perm
52
Init
Description
31
RW
0
Write ’1’ to this bit to enable the link, write ’0’ to disable it. This
bit controls the muxing of ports with overlapping links.
30
RW
0
Set to 0 to operate in 2 wire mode or 1 to operate in 5 wire
mode
29:28
RO
-
27
RO
0
Set to 1 on error: an RX buffer overflow or illegal token encoding
has been received. This bit clears on reading.
26
RO
0
1 if this end of the link has issued credit to allow the remote
end to transmit.
25
RO
0
1 if this end of the link has credits to allow it to transmit.
24
WO
0
Set to 1 to initialize a half-duplex link. This clears this end of
the link’s credit and issues a HELLO token; the other side of the
link will reply with credits. This bit is self-clearing.
23
WO
0
Set to 1 to reset the receiver. The next symbol that is detected
will be assumed to be the first symbol in a token. This bit is
self-clearing.
22
RO
-
21:11
RW
0
The number of system clocks between two subsequent transitions within a token
10:0
RW
0
The number of system clocks between two subsequent transmit
tokens.
D.15
Reserved
Reserved
Static link configuration: 0xA0 .. 0xA7
These registers are used for static (ie, non-routed) links. When a link is made static,
all traffic is forwarded to the designated channel end and no routing is attempted.
The registers control links C, D, A, B, G, H, E, and F in that order.
Bits
0xA0 .. 0xA7:
Static link
configuration
X7427,
Perm
Init
31
RW
0
30:5
RO
-
4:0
RW
0
Description
Enable static forwarding.
Reserved
The destination channel end on this node that packets received
in static mode are forwarded to.
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
E
53
XMOS USB Interface
XMOS provides a low-level USB interface for connecting the device to a USB
transceiver using the UTMI+ Low Pin Interface (ULPI). The ULPI signals must be
connected to the pins named in Figure 31. Note also that some ports on the same
tile are used internally and are not available for use when the USB driver is active
(they are available otherwise).
Pin
Pin
Signal
Pin
XnD02
XnD12
ULPI_STP
XnD26
XnD03
XnD13
ULPI_NXT
XnD27
XnD04
XnD14
ULPI_DATA[0]
XnD28
XnD15
ULPI_DATA[1]
XnD29
XnD16
ULPI_DATA[2]
XnD30
XnD07
XnD17
ULPI_DATA[3]
XnD31
XnD08
XnD18
ULPI_DATA[4]
XnD32
XnD09
XnD19
ULPI_DATA[5]
XnD33
XnD20
ULPI_DATA[6]
XnD21
ULPI_DATA[7]
XnD37
XnD22
ULPI_DIR
XnD38
XnD23
ULPI_CLK
XnD39
XnD05
XnD06
Unavailable
when USB
active
XnD40
Figure 31:
ULPI signals
provided by
the XMOS
USB driver
F
Signal
XnD41
Signal
Unavailable
when USB
active
Unavailable
when USB
active
XnD42
XnD43
Device Errata
This section describes minor operational differences from the data sheet and
recommended workarounds. As device and documentation issues become known,
this section will be updated the document revised.
To guarantee a logic low is seen on the pins RST_N, DEBUG_N, MODE[3:0], TRST_N,
TMS, TCK and TDI, the driving circuit should present an impedance of less than
100 Ω to ground. Usually this is not a problem for CMOS drivers driving single
inputs. If one or more of these inputs are placed in parallel, however, additional
logic buffers may be required to guarantee correct operation.
For static inputs tied high or low, the relevant input pin should be tied directly to
GND or VDDIO.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
G
54
JTAG, xSCOPE and Debugging
If you intend to design a board that can be used with the XMOS toolchain and
xTAG debugger, you will need an xSYS header on your board. Figure 32 shows a
decision diagram which explains what type of xSYS connectivity you need. The
three subsections below explain the options in detail.
YES
YES
Is xSCOPE
required
YES
Figure 32:
Decision
diagram for
the xSYS
header
Use full xSYS header
See section 3
G.1
Is debugging
required?
NO
Is fast printf
required ?
NO
YES
Does the SPI
flash need to be
programmed?
NO
NO
Use JTAG xSYS header
See section 2
No xSYS header required
See section 1
No xSYS header
The use of an xSYS header is optional, and may not be required for volume
production designs. However, the XMOS toolchain expects the xSYS header; if you
do not have an xSYS header then you must provide your own method for writing to
flash/OTP and for debugging.
G.2
JTAG-only xSYS header
The xSYS header connects to an xTAG debugger, which has a 20-pin 0.1" female
IDC header. The design will hence need a male IDC header. We advise to use a
boxed header to guard against incorrect plug-ins. If you use a 90 degree angled
header, make sure that pins 2, 4, 6, ..., 20 are along the edge of the PCB.
Connect pins 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 of the xSYS header to ground, and then connect:
· TDI to pin 5 of the xSYS header
· TMS to pin 7 of the xSYS header
· TCK to pin 9 of the xSYS header
· DEBUG_N to pin 11 of the xSYS header
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
55
· TDO to pin 13 of the xSYS header
· RST_N and TRST_N to pin 15 of the xSYS header
· If MODE2 is configured high, connect MODE2 to pin 3 of the xSYS header. Do
not connect to VDDIO.
· If MODE3 is configured high, connect MODE3 to pin 3 of the xSYS header. Do
not connect to VDDIO.
The RST_N net should be open-drain, active-low, and have a pull-up to VDDIO.
G.3
Full xSYS header
For a full xSYS header you will need to connect the pins as discussed in Section G.2,
and then connect a 2-wire xCONNECT Link to the xSYS header. The links can be
found in the Signal description table (Section 4): they are labelled XLA, XLB, etc in
the function column. The 2-wire link comprises two inputs and outputs, labelled
0
0
1
1
out , out , in , and in . For example, if you choose to use XLB of tile 0 for xSCOPE I/O,
you need to connect up XLB1out , XLB0out , XLB0in , XLB1in as follows:
· XLB1out (X0D16) to pin 6 of the xSYS header with a 33R series resistor close to
the device.
· XLB0out (X0D17) to pin 10 of the xSYS header with a 33R series resistor close to
the device.
· XLB0in (X0D18) to pin 14 of the xSYS header.
· XLB1in (X0D19) to pin 18 of the xSYS header.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
H
56
Schematics Design Check List
This section is a checklist for use by schematics designers using the
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128. Each of the following sections contains items to
check for each design.
H.1
Power supplies
VDDIO and OTP_VCC supply is within specification before the VDD
(core) supply is turned on. Specifically, the VDDIO and OTP_VCC supply
is within specification before VDD (core) reaches 0.4V (Section 10).
The VDD (core) supply ramps monotonically (rises constantly) from 0V
to its final value (0.95V - 1.05V) within 10ms (Section 10).
The VDD (core) supply is capable of supplying 300mA (Section 10).
PLL_AVDD is filtered with a low pass filter, for example an RC filter,
.
see Section 10
H.2
Power supply decoupling
The design has multiple decoupling capacitors per supply, for example
at least four0402 or 0603 size surface mount capacitors of 100nF in
value, per supply (Section 10).
A bulk decoupling capacitor of at least 10uF is placed on each supply
(Section 10).
H.3
Power on reset
The RST_N and TRST_N pins are asserted (low) during or after power
up. The device is not used until these resets have taken place.
As the errata in the datasheets show, the internal pull-ups on these two
pins can occasionally provide stronger than normal pull-up currents.
For this reason, an RC type reset circuit is discouraged as behavior
would be unpredictable. A voltage supervisor type reset device is
recommended to guarantee a good reset. This also has the benefit of
resetting the system should the relevant supply go out of specification.
H.4
Clock
The CLK input pin is supplied with a clock with monotonic rising edges
and low jitter.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
57
Pins MODE0 and MODE1 are set to the correct value for the chosen
oscillator frequency. The MODE settings are shown in the Oscillator
section, Section 6. If you have a choice between two values, choose
the value with the highest multiplier ratio since that will boot faster.
H.5
USB ULPI Mode
This section can be skipped if you do not have an external USB PHY.
If using ULPI, the ULPI signals are connected to specific ports as shown
in Section E.
If using ULPI, the ports that are used internally are not connected,
see Section E. (Note that this limitation only applies when the ULPI is
enabled, they can still be used before or after the ULPI is being used.)
H.6
Boot
The device is connected to a SPI flash for booting, connected to X0D0,
X0D01, X0D10, and X0D11 (Section 7). If not, you must boot the
device through OTP or JTAG.
The device that is connected to flash has both MODE2 and MODE3
connected to pin 3 on the xSYS Header (MSEL). If no debug adapter
connection is supported (not recommended) MODE2 and MODE3 are
to be left NC (Section 7).
The SPI flash that you have chosen is supported by xflash, or you have
created a specification file for it.
H.7
JTAG, XScope, and debugging
You have decided as to whether you need an XSYS header or not
(Section G)
If you included an XSYS header, you connected pin 3 to any
MODE2/MODE3 pin that would otherwise be NC (Section G).
If you have not included an XSYS header, you have devised a method
to program the SPI-flash or OTP (Section G).
H.8
GPIO
You have not mapped both inputs and outputs to the same multi-bit
port.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
H.9
58
Multi device designs
Skip this section if your design only includes a single XMOS device.
One device is connected to a SPI flash for booting.
Devices that boot from link have MODE2 grounded and MODE3 NC.
These device must have link XLB connected to a device to boot from
(see 7).
If you included an XSYS header, you have included buffers for RST_N,
TRST_N, TMS, TCK, MODE2, and MODE3 (Section F).
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
I
59
PCB Layout Design Check List
This section is a checklist for use by PCB designers using the XS1-L6A64-TQ128. Each of the following sections contains items to check for
each design.
I.1
Ground Plane
Multiple vias (eg, 9) have been used to connect the center pad to the
PCB ground plane. These minimize impedance and conduct heat away
from the device. (Section 10.2).
Other than ground vias, there are no (or only a few) vias underneath
or closely around the device. This create a good, solid, ground plane.
I.2
Power supply decoupling
The decoupling capacitors are all placed close to a supply pin (Section 10).
The decoupling capacitors are spaced around the device (Section 10).
The ground side of each decoupling capacitor has a direct path back
to the center ground of the device.
I.3
PLL_AVDD
The PLL_AVDD filter (especially the capacitor) is placed close to the
PLL_AVDD pin (Section 10).
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
J
60
Associated Design Documentation
Document Title
Information
Document Number
Estimating Power Consumption For
XS1-L Devices
Power consumption
X4271
Programming XC on XMOS Devices
Timers, ports, clocks, cores and
channels
X9577
xTIMEcomposer User Guide
Compilers, assembler and
linker/mapper
X3766
Timing analyzer, xScope, debugger
Flash and OTP programming utilities
K
Related Documentation
Document Title
Information
Document Number
The XMOS XS1 Architecture
ISA manual
X7879
XS1 Port I/O Timing
Port timings
X5821
xCONNECT Architecture
Link, switch and system information
X4249
XS1-L Link Performance and Design
Guidelines
Link timings
X2999
XS1-L Clock Frequency Control
Advanced clock control
X1433
XS1-L Active Power Conservation
Low-power mode during idle
X7411
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128 Datasheet
L
61
Revision History
Date
Description
2013-01-30
New datasheet - revised part numbering
2013-02-26
New multicore microcontroller introduction
Moved configuration sections to appendices
2013-07-19
Updated Features list with available ports and links - Section 2
Simplified link bits in Signal Description - Section 4
New JTAG, xSCOPE and Debugging appendix - Section G
New Schematics Design Check List - Section H
New PCB Layout Design Check List - Section I
2013-09-16
Removed references to PCU. Pins set to GND - Section 3
2013-12-09
Added Industrial Ambient Temperature - Section 11.1
2014-07-08
Added PCU_GATE, PCU_CLK, PCU_VDD, PCU_VDDIO to Pin Configuration - Section 3
2015-04-14
Updated Introduction - Section 1; Pin Configuration - Section 3; Signal Description - Section 4
Copyright © 2015, All Rights Reserved.
Xmos Ltd. is the owner or licensee of this design, code, or Information (collectively, the “Information”) and
is providing it to you “AS IS” with no warranty of any kind, express or implied and shall have no liability in
relation to its use. Xmos Ltd. makes no representation that the Information, or any particular implementation
thereof, is or will be free from any claims of infringement and again, shall have no liability in relation to any
such claims.
X7427,
XS1-L6A-64-TQ128