XU216-512-FB236-I20

XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 2018/09/05 XMOS © 2018, All Rights Reserved Document Number: X007547, XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 1 Table of Contents 1 xCORE Multicore Microcontrollers . . . . 2 XU216-512-FB236 Features . . . . . . . 3 Pin Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Signal Description . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Example Application Diagram . . . . . . 6 Product Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 PLL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Boot Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 USB PHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 JTAG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Board Integration . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Electrical Characteristics . . . . . . . . . 14 Package Information . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Ordering Information . . . . . . . . . . . Appendices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A Configuration of the XU216-512-FB236 B Processor Status Configuration . . . . . C Tile Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . D Node Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . E USB Node Configuration . . . . . . . . . F USB PHY Configuration . . . . . . . . . . G JTAG, xSCOPE and Debugging . . . . . . H Schematics Design Check List . . . . . . I PCB Layout Design Check List . . . . . . J Associated Design Documentation . . . K Related Documentation . . . . . . . . . . L Revision History . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 4 5 6 11 12 15 16 19 20 22 23 28 33 34 35 35 38 49 57 65 67 74 76 78 79 79 80 TO OUR VALUED CUSTOMERS It is our intention to provide you with accurate and comprehensive documentation for the hardware and software components used in this product. To subscribe to receive updates, visit http://www.xmos.com/. XMOS Ltd. is the owner or licensee of the information in this document and is providing it to you “AS IS” with no warranty of any kind, express or implied and shall have no liability in relation to its use. XMOS Ltd. makes no representation that the information, or any particular implementation thereof, is or will be free from any claims of infringement and again, shall have no liability in relation to any such claims. XMOS and the XMOS logo are registered trademarks of XMOS Ltd in the United Kingdom and other countries, and may not be used without written permission. Company and product names mentioned in this document are the trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 1 2 xCORE Multicore Microcontrollers The xCORE200 Series is a comprehensive range of 32-bit multicore microcontrollers that brings the low latency and timing determinism of the xCORE architecture to mainstream embedded applications. Unlike conventional microcontrollers, xCORE multicore microcontrollers execute multiple real-time tasks simultaneously and communicate between tasks using a high speed network. Because xCORE multicore microcontrollers are completely deterministic, you can write software to implement functions that traditionally require dedicated hardware. X0Dxx I/O pins xTIME scheduler Hardware response ports JTAG xTIME scheduler X1Dxx I/O pins Hardware response ports xCORE logical core xCORE logical core xCORE logical core xCORE logical core xCORE logical core xCORE logical core xCORE logical core USB SRAM OTP Link 8 xCORE logical core xCONNECT Switch xCORE logical core xCORE logical core Figure 1: XU216-512FB236 block diagram PLL xCORE logical core xCORE logical core xCORE logical core xCORE logical core xCORE logical core xCORE logical core OTP SRAM Key features of the XU216-512-FB236 include: · Tiles: Devices consist of one or more xCORE tiles. Each tile contains between five and eight 32-bit xCOREs with highly integrated I/O and on-chip memory. · Logical cores Each logical core can execute tasks such as computational code, DSP code, control software (including logic decisions and executing a state machine) or software that handles I/O. Section 6.1 · xTIME scheduler The xTIME scheduler performs functions similar to an RTOS, in hardware. It services and synchronizes events in a core, so there is no requirement for interrupt handler routines. The xTIME scheduler triggers cores on events generated by hardware resources such as the I/O pins, communication channels and timers. Once triggered, a core runs independently and concurrently to other cores, until it pauses to wait for more events. Section 6.2 · Channels and channel ends Tasks running on logical cores communicate using channels formed between two channel ends. Data can be passed synchronously or asynchronously between the channel ends assigned to the communicating tasks. Section 6.5 · xCONNECT Switch and Links Between tiles, channel communications are implemented over a high performance network of xCONNECT Links and routed through a hardware xCONNECT Switch. Section 6.6 X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 3 · Ports The I/O pins are connected to the processing cores by Hardware Response ports. The port logic can drive its pins high and low, or it can sample the value on its pins optionally waiting for a particular condition. Section 6.3 · Clock blocks xCORE devices include a set of programmable clock blocks that can be used to govern the rate at which ports execute. Section 6.4 · Memory Each xCORE Tile integrates a bank of SRAM for instructions and data, and a block of one-time programmable (OTP) memory that can be configured for system wide security features. Section 9 · PLL The PLL is used to create a high-speed processor clock given a low speed external oscillator. Section 7 · USB The USB PHY provides High-Speed and Full-Speed, device, host, and on-thego functionality. Data is communicated through ports on the digital node. A library is provided to implement USB device functionality. Section 10 · JTAG The JTAG module can be used for loading programs, boundary scan testing, in-circuit source-level debugging and programming the OTP memory. Section 11 1.1 Software Devices are programmed using C, C++ or xC (C with multicore extensions). XMOS provides tested and proven software libraries, which allow you to quickly add interface and processor functionality such as USB, Ethernet, PWM, graphics driver, and audio EQ to your applications. 1.2 xTIMEcomposer Studio The xTIMEcomposer Studio development environment provides all the tools you need to write and debug your programs, profile your application, and write images into flash memory or OTP memory on the device. Because xCORE devices operate deterministically, they can be simulated like hardware within xTIMEcomposer: uniquely in the embedded world, xTIMEcomposer Studio therefore includes a static timing analyzer, cycle-accurate simulator, and high-speed in-circuit instrumentation. xTIMEcomposer can be driven from either a graphical development environment, or the command line. The tools are supported on Windows, Linux and MacOS X and available at no cost from xmos.com/downloads. Information on using the tools is provided in the xTIMEcomposer User Guide, X3766. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 2 4 XU216-512-FB236 Features · Multicore Microcontroller with Advanced Multi-Core RISC Architecture • 16 real-time logical cores on 2 xCORE tiles • Cores share up to 1000 MIPS — Up to 2000 MIPS in dual issue mode • Each logical core has: — Guaranteed throughput of between 1/5 and 1/8 of tile MIPS — 16x32bit dedicated registers • 167 high-density 16/32-bit instructions — All have single clock-cycle execution (except for divide) — 32x32→64-bit MAC instructions for DSP, arithmetic and user-definable cryptographic functions · USB PHY, fully compliant with USB 2.0 specification · Programmable I/O • 128 general-purpose I/O pins, configurable as input or output — Up to 32 x 1bit port, 12 x 4bit port, 8 x 8bit port, 4 x 16bit port, 2 x 32bit port — 8 xCONNECT links • Port sampling rates of up to 60 MHz with respect to an external clock • 64 channel endss (32 per tile) for communication with other cores, on or off-chip · Memory • 512KB internal single-cycle SRAM (max 256KB per tile) for code and data storage • 16KB internal OTP (max 8KB per tile) for application boot code · Hardware resources • 12 clock blocks (6 per tile) • 20 timers (10 per tile) • 8 locks (4 per tile) · JTAG Module for On-Chip Debug · Security Features • Programming lock disables debug and prevents read-back of memory contents • AES bootloader ensures secrecy of IP held on external flash memory · Ambient Temperature Range • Commercial qualification: 0 °C to 70 °C • Industrial qualification: -40 °C to 85 °C · Speed Grade • 20: 1000 MIPS · Power Consumption • 570 mA (typical) · 236-pin FBGA package 0.5 mm pitch X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 3 5 Pin Configuration 1 A B C GND 1N X0D37 J M R V CLK TDO 1O X0D38 VDDIOL TDI X0 Li30 TMS TRST_ N 8 10 11 12 4F 4F 8D X1D31 X1D29 X1D41 4E 4E 4F 4E 8D X1D33 X1D32 X1D28 X1D26 X1D42 OTP_ VCC 1C 1D 4F 4E 8D 8D X1D11 X1D30 X1D27 X1D43 X1D40 DEBUG_ RST_N X1D10 N 13 14 15 NC MODE[0] 16 17 18 19 4F OTP_ VCC X0D29 VDDIOR 4E NC NC NC NC GND 4E MODE[1] X0D33 X0D32 VDDIOR VDDIOR 4F 4F 4F 4E 4E X0D31 X0D30 X0D28 X0D26 X0D27 X0 Lo3 7 X0 Lo4 7 1P 8D 1K 1L X0D39 X0D40 X0D34 X0D35 X0 Li20 X0 Li10 X0 Lo1 7 X0 Lo2 7 8D 8D 1J 1I 1B X0D41 X0D25 X0D24 X1D01 X0 Lo0 0 X0 Li00 X0 Lo0 7 X0 Li07 X0 Li17 1K 1L 1M X1D34 X1D35 X1D36 X0 Lo2 0 X0 Lo3 0 X0 Lo4 0 NC VDD VDD VDDIOT VDD VDD PLL_ AVDD PLL_ AGND 4A 4A 1A X1D08 X1D09 X1D00 X0 Li47 X0 Li37 X0 Li27 32A 32A VDD X0D69 X0D70 32A 32A X1D49 X1D50 X0 Li41 X0 Li31 X0 Lo3 6 X0 Lo4 6 32A 32A 32A 32A 32A 32A X1D53 X1D52 X1D51 X0D68 X0D67 X0D66 X0 Li01 X0 Li11 X0 Li21 X0 Lo2 6 X0 Lo1 6 X0 Lo0 6 32A 32A 32A 32A 32A 32A X1D54 X1D55 X1D56 X0D63 X0D64 X0D65 X0 Lo0 1 X0 Lo1 1 X0 Lo2 1 X0 Li26 X0 Li16 X0 Li06 32A 32A 32A 32A X1D58 X1D57 X0D62 X0D61 X0 Lo4 1 X0 Lo3 1 X0 Li36 X0 Li46 32A 32A 32A 32A 32A 32A X1D63 X1D62 X1D61 X0D58 X0D57 X0D56 X0 Li22 X0 Li32 X0 Li42 X0 Lo4 5 X0 Lo3 5 X0 Lo2 5 32A 32A 32A 32A 32A 32A X1D64 X1D65 X1D66 X0D53 X0D54 X0D55 X0 Li12 X0 Li02 X0 Lo0 2 X0 Li05 X0 Lo0 5 X0 Lo1 5 32A 32A 32A 32A X1D67 X1D68 X0D51 X0D52 X0 Lo1 2 X0 Lo2 2 X0 Li25 X0 Li15 32A 32A 1N 4B 32A 32A X1D70 X1D69 X1D37 X1D07 X0D50 X0D49 X0 Lo4 2 X0 Lo3 2 X0 Li43 X0 Lo4 4 X0 Li35 X0 Li45 1O 1P 4D 4A 4B 4B X1D38 X1D39 X1D17 X1D03 X1D05 X1D06 X0 Li33 X0 Li23 X0 Li03 X0 Lo0 4 X0 Lo2 4 X0 Lo3 4 VDD VDD GND GND VDD VDD GND GND GND GND VDD VDD GND GND GND GND GND USB_ VDD GND GND GND GND VDD VDD VDD GND GND VDD VDD VDD GND GND USB_ VDD GND GND GND GND GND VDD VDD VDD NC 4D 4D 4A 4B X1D16 X1D18 X1D02 X1D04 X0 Li13 X0 Lo0 3 X0 Li04 X0 Lo1 4 1C 1B 4D 1A 1D 4B 1E X0D01 X1D19 X0D00 X0D11 X0D07 X1D12 X0 Lo3 3 X0 Lo2 3 X0 Lo1 3 1G 4B X1D22 VDDIOL VDDIOL X0D04 1H X007547, GND GND GND GND X0D10 GND GND GND VDD VDD GND GND VDD VDD GND USB_ VDD33 4B 4A 4A 4A X0D06 X0D03 X0D08 X0D09 X0 Lo4 3 W 9 X0D42 T U TCK 7 8D N P 6 X0 Lo1 0 K L 5 X0D43 G H 4 VDDIOL VDDIOL X0D36 VDDIOL VDDIOL D F 3 1M X0 Li40 E 2 VDDIOL X1D23 4B 4A X0D05 X0D02 1F 1I 1G 1F 1H 4D 4D 4D X1D24 X0D22 X0D13 X0D23 X0D19 X0D18 X0D17 X0 Li14 X0 Li24 X0 Li34 USB_ VBUS USB_ ID USB_ VSSAC USB_ DM USB_ DP 4C 4C 1J 4C 4C X1D21 X1D14 X1D25 X0D21 X0D14 USB_ X1D13 RTUNE NC 1E 4D X0D12 VDDIOR VDDIOR X0D16 X0 Li44 4C 4C 4C 4C X1D20 X1D15 X0D20 X0D15 VDDIOR VDDIOR GND XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 4 6 Signal Description This section lists the signals and I/O pins available on the XU216-512-FB236. The device provides a combination of 1bit, 4bit, 8bit and 16bit ports, as well as wider ports that are fully or partially (gray) bonded out. All pins of a port provide either output or input, but signals in different directions cannot be mapped onto the same port. Pins may have one or more of the following properties: · PD/PU: The IO pin has a weak pull-down or pull-up resistor. The resistor is enabled during and after reset. Enabling a link or port that uses the pin disables the resistor. Thereafter, the resistor can be enabled or disabled under software control. The resistor is designed to ensure defined logic input state for unconnected pins. It should not be used to pull external circuitry. Note that the resistors are highly non-linear and only a maximum pull current is specified in Section 13.3. · ST: The IO pin has a Schmitt Trigger on its input. · IOL/IOT/IOR: The IO pin is powered from VDDIOL, VDDIOT, and VDDIOR respectively Power pins (11) Signal Function Type GND Digital ground GND OTP_VCC OTP power supply PWR PLL_AGND Analog ground for PLL PWR PLL_AVDD Analog PLL power PWR USB_VDD Digital tile power PWR USB_VDD33 USB Analog power PWR USB_VSSAC USB analog ground GND VDD Digital tile power PWR VDDIOL Digital I/O power (left) PWR VDDIOR Digital I/O power (right) PWR VDDIOT Digital I/O power (top) PWR Properties JTAG pins (6) X007547, Signal Function Type Properties RST_N Global reset input Input IOL, PU, ST TCK Test clock Input IOL, PD, ST TDI Test data input Input IOL, PU TDO Test data output Output IOL, PD TMS Test mode select Input IOL, PU TRST_N Test reset input Input IOL, PU, ST XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 7 I/O pins (128) Signal Function X0D00 X0D01 X0 L32 out Type Properties 1A0 I/O IOL, PD 1B0 I/O IOL, PD X0D02 4A0 8A0 16A0 32A20 I/O IOL, PD X0D03 4A1 8A1 16A1 32A21 I/O IOL, PD X0D04 4B0 8A2 16A2 32A22 I/O IOL, PD X0D05 4B1 8A3 16A3 32A23 I/O IOL, PD X0D06 4B2 8A4 16A4 32A24 I/O IOL, PD X0D07 4B3 8A5 16A5 32A25 I/O IOL, PD X0D08 4A2 8A6 16A6 32A26 I/O IOL, PD X0D09 4A3 8A7 16A7 32A27 I/O IOL, PD 1C0 I/O IOL, PD X0D11 1D0 I/O IOL, PD X0D12 1E0 I/O IOR, PD X0D13 1F0 I/O IOR, PD X0D10 X0 L33 out X0D14 4C0 8B0 16A8 32A28 I/O IOR, PD X0D15 4C1 8B1 16A9 32A29 I/O IOR, PD X0D16 X0 L44 in 4D0 8B2 16A10 I/O IOR, PD X0D17 X0 L43 in 4D1 8B3 16A11 I/O IOR, PD X0D18 X0 L42 in 4D2 8B4 16A12 I/O IOR, PD X0D19 X0 L41 in 4D3 8B5 16A13 I/O IOR, PD X0D20 4C2 8B6 16A14 32A30 I/O IOR, PD X0D21 4C3 8B7 16A15 32A31 I/O IOR, PD X0D22 1G0 I/O IOR, PD X0D23 1H0 I/O IOR, PD X0D24 X0 L70 in 1I0 I/O IOR, PD X0D25 X0 L70 out 1J0 I/O IOR, PD X0D26 X0 L73 out 4E0 8C0 16B0 I/O IOR, PD X0D27 X0 L74 out 4E1 8C1 16B1 I/O IOR, PD X0D28 4F0 8C2 16B2 I/O IOR, PD X0D29 4F1 8C3 16B3 I/O IOR, PD X0D30 4F2 8C4 16B4 I/O IOR, PD X0D31 4F3 8C5 16B5 I/O IOR, PD X0D32 4E2 8C6 16B6 I/O IOR, PD X0D33 4E3 8C7 16B7 I/O IOR, PD X0D34 X0 L71 out 1K0 I/O IOR, PD X0D35 X0 L72 out 1L0 I/O IOR, PD X0D36 1M0 8D0 16B8 I/O IOL, PD X0D37 X0 L04 in 1N0 8D1 16B9 I/O IOL, PD X0D38 X0 L03 in 1O0 8D2 16B10 I/O IOL, PD X0D39 X0 L02 in 1P0 8D3 16B11 I/O IOL, PD X0D40 X0 L01 in 8D4 16B12 I/O IOL, PD (continued) X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 8 Signal Function Type Properties X0D41 X0 L00 in 8D5 16B13 I/O IOL, PD X0D42 X0 L00 out 8D6 16B14 I/O IOL, PD X0D43 X0 L01 out 8D7 16B15 I/O IOL, PD X0D49 X0 L54 in 32A0 I/O IOR, PD X0D50 X0 L53 in 32A1 I/O IOR, PD X0D51 X0 L52 in 32A2 I/O IOR, PD X0D52 X0 L51 in 32A3 I/O IOR, PD X0D53 X0 L50 in 32A4 I/O IOR, PD X0D54 X0 L50 out 32A5 I/O IOR, PD X0D55 X0 L51 out 32A6 I/O IOR, PD X0D56 X0 L52 out 32A7 I/O IOR, PD X0D57 X0 L53 out 32A8 I/O IOR, PD X0D58 X0 L54 out 32A9 I/O IOR, PD X0D61 X0 L64 in 32A10 I/O IOR, PD X0D62 X0 L63 in 32A11 I/O IOR, PD X0D63 X0 L62 in 32A12 I/O IOR, PD X0D64 X0 L61 in 32A13 I/O IOR, PD X0D65 X0 L60 in 32A14 I/O IOR, PD X0D66 X0 L60 out 32A15 I/O IOR, PD X0D67 X0 L61 out 32A16 I/O IOR, PD X0D68 X0 L62 out 32A17 I/O IOR, PD X0D69 X0 L63 out 32A18 I/O IOR, PD X0D70 X0 L64 out 32A19 I/O IOR, PD X1D00 X0 L72 in 1A0 I/O IOR, PD X1D01 X0 L71 in 1B0 I/O IOR, PD X1D02 X0 L40 in 4A0 8A0 16A0 32A20 I/O IOR, PD X1D03 X0 L40 out 4A1 8A1 16A1 32A21 I/O IOR, PD X1D04 X0 L41 out 4B0 8A2 16A2 32A22 I/O IOR, PD X1D05 X0 L42 out 4B1 8A3 16A3 32A23 I/O IOR, PD X1D06 X0 L43 out 4B2 8A4 16A4 32A24 I/O IOR, PD X1D07 X0 L44 out 4B3 8A5 16A5 32A25 I/O IOR, PD X1D08 X0 L74 in 4A2 8A6 16A6 32A26 I/O IOR, PD X1D09 X0 L73 in 4A3 8A7 16A7 32A27 I/O IOR, PD X1D10 1C0 I/O IOT, PD X1D11 1D0 I/O IOT, PD X1D12 1E0 I/O IOL, PD X1D13 1F0 I/O IOL, PD X1D14 4C0 8B0 16A8 32A28 I/O IOR, PD X1D15 4C1 8B1 16A9 32A29 I/O IOR, PD X1D16 X0 L31 in 4D0 8B2 16A10 I/O IOL, PD X1D17 X0 L30 in 4D1 8B3 16A11 I/O IOL, PD X1D18 X0 L30 out 4D2 8B4 16A12 I/O IOL, PD X1D19 X0 L31 out 4D3 8B5 16A13 I/O IOL, PD (continued) X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet Signal 9 Type Properties X1D20 4C2 8B6 16A14 32A30 I/O IOR, PD X1D21 4C3 8B7 16A15 32A31 I/O IOR, PD 1G0 I/O IOL, PD X1D23 1H0 I/O IOL, PD X1D24 1I0 I/O IOR, PD X1D25 1J0 I/O IOR, PD X1D22 Function X0 L34 out X1D26 4E0 8C0 16B0 I/O IOT, PD X1D27 4E1 8C1 16B1 I/O IOT, PD X1D28 4F0 8C2 16B2 I/O IOT, PD X1D29 4F1 8C3 16B3 I/O IOT, PD X1D30 4F2 8C4 16B4 I/O IOT, PD X1D31 4F3 8C5 16B5 I/O IOT, PD X1D32 4E2 8C6 16B6 I/O IOT, PD X1D33 4E3 8C7 16B7 I/O IOT, PD X1D34 X0 L02 out 1K0 I/O IOL, PD X1D35 X0 L03 out 1L0 I/O IOL, PD X1D36 X0 L04 out 1M0 8D0 16B8 I/O IOL, PD X1D37 X0 L34 in 1N0 8D1 16B9 I/O IOL, PD X1D38 X0 L33 in 1O0 8D2 16B10 I/O IOL, PD X1D39 X0 L32 in 1P0 8D3 16B11 I/O IOL, PD X1D40 8D4 16B12 I/O IOT, PD X1D41 8D5 16B13 I/O IOT, PD X1D42 8D6 16B14 I/O IOT, PD X1D43 8D7 16B15 I/O IOT, PD X1D49 X0 L14 in 32A0 I/O IOL, PD X1D50 X0 L13 in 32A1 I/O IOL, PD X1D51 X0 L12 in 32A2 I/O IOL, PD X1D52 X0 L11 in 32A3 I/O IOL, PD X1D53 X0 L10 in 32A4 I/O IOL, PD X1D54 X0 L10 out 32A5 I/O IOL, PD X1D55 X0 L11 out 32A6 I/O IOL, PD X1D56 X0 L12 out 32A7 I/O IOL, PD X1D57 X0 L13 out 32A8 I/O IOL, PD X1D58 X0 L14 out 32A9 I/O IOL, PD X1D61 X0 L24 in 32A10 I/O IOL, PD X1D62 X0 L23 in 32A11 I/O IOL, PD X1D63 X0 L22 in 32A12 I/O IOL, PD X1D64 X0 L21 in 32A13 I/O IOL, PD X1D65 X0 L20 in 32A14 I/O IOL, PD X1D66 X0 L20 out 32A15 I/O IOL, PD X1D67 X0 L21 out 32A16 I/O IOL, PD X1D68 X0 L22 out 32A17 I/O IOL, PD X1D69 X0 L23 out 32A18 I/O IOL, PD (continued) X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 10 Signal Function X1D70 X0 L24 out Type Properties I/O IOL, PD Signal Function Type Properties CLK PLL reference clock Input IOL, PD, ST DEBUG_N Multi-chip debug I/O IOL, PU MODE[1:0] Boot mode select Input PU Signal Function Type Properties USB_DM USB Serial Data Inverted I/O USB_DP USB Serial Data I/O USB_ID USB Device ID (OTG) - Reserved I/O USB_RTUNE USB resistor I/O USB_VBUS USB Power Detect Pin I/O 32A19 System pins (3) usb pins (5) X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 5 11 Example Application Diagram IN IN 1V0 OUT 3V3 PLL_AGND VDD PLL_AVDD RESET SUPERVISOR USB_VDD OUT RST_N TRST_N OSCILLATOR 25 24 MHz CLK OTP_VCC XnDnn GPIO xCORE200 VDDIOT QSPI FLASH GND USB_RTUNE USB_VDD33 Figure 2: Simplified Reference Schematic X0D01 X0D04 X0D05 X0D06 X0D07 X0D10 VDDIOR USB_VBUS USB_DP USB_DM USB_ID VDDIOL USB · see Section 10 for details on the USB PHY · see Section 12 for details on the power supplies and PCB design X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 6 12 Product Overview The XU216-512-FB236 is a powerful device that consists of two xCORE Tiles, each comprising a flexible logical processing cores with tightly integrated I/O and on-chip memory. 6.1 Logical cores Each tile has 8 active logical cores, which issue instructions down a shared fivestage pipeline. Instructions from the active cores are issued round-robin. If up to five logical cores are active, each core is allocated a fifth of the processing cycles. If more than five logical cores are active, each core is allocated at least 1/n cycles (for n cores). Figure 3 shows the guaranteed core performance depending on the number of cores used. Figure 3: Logical core performance Speed MIPS Frequency grade 10 1000 MIPS 500 MHz Minimum MIPS per core (for n cores) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 100 100 100 100 100 83 71 63 There is no way that the performance of a logical core can be reduced below these predicted levels (unless priority threads are used: in this case the guaranteed minimum performance is computed based on the number of priority threads as defined in the architecture manual). Because cores may be delayed on I/O, however, their unused processing cycles can be taken by other cores. This means that for more than five logical cores, the performance of each core is often higher than the predicted minimum but cannot be guaranteed. The logical cores are triggered by events instead of interrupts and run to completion. A logical core can be paused to wait for an event. 6.2 xTIME scheduler The xTIME scheduler handles the events generated by xCORE Tile resources, such as channel ends, timers and I/O pins. It ensures that all events are serviced and synchronized, without the need for an RTOS. Events that occur at the I/O pins are handled by the Hardware-Response ports and fed directly to the appropriate xCORE Tile. An xCORE Tile can also choose to wait for a specified time to elapse, or for data to become available on a channel. Tasks do not need to be prioritised as each of them runs on their own logical xCORE. It is possible to share a set of low priority tasks on a single core using cooperative multitasking. 6.3 Hardware Response Ports Hardware Response ports connect an xCORE tile to one or more physical pins and as such define the interface between hardware attached to the XU216-512-FB236, and the software running on it. A combination of 1bit, 4bit, 8bit, 16bit and 32bit X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 13 ports are available. All pins of a port provide either output or input. Signals in different directions cannot be mapped onto the same port. reference clock readyOut conditional value clock port clock block readyIn port port counter port logic stamp/time PORT FIFO PINS Figure 4: Port block diagram port value output (drive) SERDES transfer register CORE input (sample) The port logic can drive its pins high or low, or it can sample the value on its pins, optionally waiting for a particular condition. Ports are accessed using dedicated instructions that are executed in a single processor cycle. xCORE-200 IO pins can be used as open collector outputs, where signals are driven low if a zero is output, but left high impedance if a one is output. This option is set on a per-port basis. Data is transferred between the pins and core using a FIFO that comprises a SERDES and transfer register, providing options for serialization and buffered data. Each port has a 16-bit counter that can be used to control the time at which data is transferred between the port value and transfer register. The counter values can be obtained at any time to find out when data was obtained, or used to delay I/O until some time in the future. The port counter value is automatically saved as a timestamp, that can be used to provide precise control of response times. The ports and xCONNECT links are multiplexed onto the physical pins. If an xConnect Link is enabled, the pins of the underlying ports are disabled. If a port is enabled, it overrules ports with higher widths that share the same pins. The pins on the wider port that are not shared remain available for use when the narrower port is enabled. Ports always operate at their specified width, even if they share pins with another port. 6.4 Clock blocks xCORE devices include a set of programmable clocks called clock blocks that can be used to govern the rate at which ports execute. Each xCORE tile has six clock blocks: the first clock block provides the tile reference clock and runs at a default frequency of 100MHz; the remaining clock blocks can be set to run at different frequencies. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 14 100MHz reference clock 1-bit port ... ... divider readyIn clock block Figure 5: Clock block diagram port counter A clock block can use a 1-bit port as its clock source allowing external application clocks to be used to drive the input and output interfaces. xCORE-200 clock blocks optionally divide the clock input from a 1-bit port. In many cases I/O signals are accompanied by strobing signals. The xCORE ports can input and interpret strobe (known as readyIn and readyOut) signals generated by external sources, and ports can generate strobe signals to accompany output data. On reset, each port is connected to clock block 0, which runs from the xCORE Tile reference clock. 6.5 Channels and Channel Ends Logical cores communicate using point-to-point connections, formed between two channel ends. A channel-end is a resource on an xCORE tile, that is allocated by the program. Each channel-end has a unique system-wide identifier that comprises a unique number and their tile identifier. Data is transmitted to a channel-end by an output-instruction; and the other side executes an input-instruction. Data can be passed synchronously or asynchronously between the channel ends. 6.6 xCONNECT Switch and Links XMOS devices provide a scalable architecture, where multiple xCORE devices can be connected together to form one system. Each xCORE device has an xCONNECT interconnect that provides a communication infrastructure for all tasks that run on the various xCORE tiles on the system. The interconnect relies on a collection of switches and XMOS links. Each xCORE device has an on-chip switch that can set up circuits or route data. The switches are connected by xConnect Links. An XMOS link provides a physical connection between two switches. The switch has a routing algorithm that supports many different topologies, including lines, meshes, trees, and hypercubes. The links operate in either 2 wires per direction or 5 wires per direction mode, depending on the amount of bandwidth required. Circuit switched, streaming X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 15 xCONNECT Link to another device switch CORE CORE CORE CORE CORE CORE CORE CORE CORE CORE xCONNECT switch CORE CORE Figure 6: Switch, links and channel ends CORE CORE CORE CORE xCORE Tile xCORE Tile and packet switched data can both be supported efficiently. Streams provide the fastest possible data rates between xCORE Tiles (up to 250 MBit/s), but each stream requires a single link to be reserved between switches on two tiles. All packet communications can be multiplexed onto a single link. Information on the supported routing topologies that can be used to connect multiple devices together can be found in the XS1-U Link Performance and Design Guide, X2999. 7 PLL The PLL creates a high-speed clock that is used for the switch, tile, and reference clock. The PLL multiplication value is selected through the two MODE pins, and can be changed by software to speed up the tile or use less power. The MODE pins are set as shown in Figure 7: Figure 7: PLL multiplier values and MODE pins X007547, Oscillator Frequency 3.25-10 MHz 9-25 MHz 25-50 MHz 50-100 MHz MODE 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 Tile Boot Frequency 130-400 MHz 144-400 MHz 167-400 MHz 196-400 MHz PLL Ratio 40 16 8 4 PLL settings OD F R 1 159 0 1 63 0 1 31 0 1 15 0 XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 16 Figure 7 also lists the values of OD, F and R, which are the registers that define the ratio of the tile frequency to the oscillator frequency: Fcor e = Fosc × 1 1 F +1 × × 2 R+1 OD + 1 OD, F and R must be chosen so that 0 ≤ R ≤ 63, 0 ≤ F ≤ 4095, 0 ≤ OD ≤ 7, and 1 F +1 260MHz ≤ Fosc × 2 × R+1 ≤ 1.3GHz. The OD, F , and R values can be modified by writing to the digital node PLL configuration register. The MODE pins must be held at a static value during and after deassertion of the system reset. If the USB PHY is used, then either a 24 MHz or 12 MHz oscillator must be used. If a different tile frequency is required (eg, 500 MHz), then the PLL must be reprogrammed after boot to provide the required tile frequency. The XMOS tools perform this operation by default. Further details on configuring the clock can be found in the xCORE-200 Clock Frequency Control document. 8 Boot Procedure The device is kept in reset by driving RST_N low. When in reset, all GPIO pins have a pull-down enabled. When the device is taken out of reset by releasing RST_N the processor starts its internal reset process. After 15-150 µs (depending on the input clock) the processor boots. The xCORE Tile boot procedure is illustrated in Figure 8. If bit 5 of the security register (see §9.1) is set, the device boots from OTP. To get a high value, a 3K3 pull-up resistor should be strapped onto the pin. To assure a low value, a pull-down resistor is required if other external devices are connected to this port. Start Boot ROM Primary boot Security Register Bit [5] set No Yes OTP Figure 8: Boot procedure Copy OTP contents to base of SRAM Boot according to boot source pins Execute program The boot image has the following format: · A 32-bit program size s in words. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 17 X0D06 X0D05 X0D04 Tile 0 boot Tile 1 boot Enabled links 0 0 0 QSPI master Channel end 0 None 0 0 1 SPI master Channel end 0 None 0 1 0 SPI slave Channel end 0 None 0 1 1 SPI slave SPI slave None 1 0 0 Channel end 0 Channel end 0 XL0 (2w) 1 0 1 Channel end 0 Channel end 0 XL4-XL7 (5w) 1 1 0 Channel end 0 Channel end 0 XL1, XL2, XL5, and XL6 (5w) 1 1 1 Channel end 0 Channel end 0 XL0-XL3 (5w) Figure 9: Boot source pins · Program consisting of s × 4 bytes. · A 32-bit CRC, or the value 0x0D15AB1E to indicate that no CRC check should be performed. The program size and CRC are stored least significant byte first. The program is loaded into the lowest memory address of RAM, and the program is started from that address. The CRC is calculated over the byte stream represented by the program size and the program itself. The polynomial used is 0xEDB88320 (IEEE 802.3); the CRC register is initialized with 0xFFFFFFFF and the residue is inverted to produce the CRC. 8.1 Boot from QSPI master If set to boot from QSPI master, the processor enables the six pins specified in Figure 10, and drives the SPI clock at 50 MHz (assuming a 400 MHz core clock). A READ command is issued with a 24-bit address 0x000000. The clock polarity and phase are 0 / 0. Figure 10: QSPI pins Pin Signal Description X0D01 SS Slave Select X0D04..X0D07 SPIO Data X0D10 SCLK Clock The xCORE Tile expects each byte to be transferred with the least-significant nibble first. Programmers who write bytes into an QSPI interface using the most significant nibble first may have to reverse the nibbles in each byte of the image stored in the QSPI device. The pins used for QSPI boot are hardcoded in the boot ROM and cannot be changed. If required, an QSPI boot program can be burned into OTP that uses different pins. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 8.2 18 Boot from SPI master If set to boot from SPI master, the processor enables the four pins specified in Figure 11, and drives the SPI clock at 2.5 MHz (assuming a 400 MHz core clock). A READ command is issued with a 24-bit address 0x000000. The clock polarity and phase are 0 / 0. Figure 11: SPI master pins Pin Signal Description X0D00 MISO Master In Slave Out (Data) X0D01 SS Slave Select X0D10 SCLK Clock X0D11 MOSI Master Out Slave In (Data) The xCORE Tile expects each byte to be transferred with the least-significant bit first. Programmers who write bytes into an SPI interface using the most significant bit first may have to reverse the bits in each byte of the image stored in the SPI device. If a large boot image is to be read in, it is faster to first load a small boot-loader that reads the large image using a faster SPI clock, for example 50 MHz or as fast as the flash device supports. The pins used for SPI boot are hardcoded in the boot ROM and cannot be changed. If required, an SPI boot program can be burned into OTP that uses different pins. 8.3 Boot from SPI slave If set to boot from SPI slave, the processor enables the three pins specified in Figure 12 and expects a boot image to be clocked in. The supported clock polarity and phase are 0/0 and 1/1. Figure 12: SPI slave pins Pin Signal Description X0D00 SS Slave Select X0D10 SCLK Clock X0D11 MOSI Master Out Slave In (Data) The xCORE Tile expects each byte to be transferred with the least-significant bit first. The pins used for SPI boot are hardcoded in the boot ROM and cannot be changed. If required, an SPI boot program can be burned into OTP that uses different pins. 8.4 Boot from xConnect Link If set to boot from an xConnect Link, the processor enables its link(s) around 2 us after the boot process starts. Enabling the Link switches off the pull-down resistors on the link, drives all the TX wires low (the initial state for the Link), and monitors the RX pins for boot-traffic; they must be low at this stage. If the internal pull-down is too weak to drain any residual charge, external pull-downs of 10K may be required on those pins. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 19 The boot-rom on the core will then: 1. Allocate channel-end 0. 2. Input a word on channel-end 0. It will use this word as a channel to acknowledge the boot. Provide the null-channel-end 0x0000FF02 if no acknowledgment is required. 3. Input the boot image specified above, including the CRC. 4. Input an END control token. 5. Output an END control token to the channel-end received in step 2. 6. Free channel-end 0. 7. Jump to the loaded code. 8.5 Boot from OTP If an xCORE tile is set to use secure boot (see Figure 8), the boot image is read from address 0 of the OTP memory in the tile’s security module. This feature can be used to implement a secure bootloader which loads an encrypted image from external flash, decrypts and CRC checks it with the processor, and discontinues the boot process if the decryption or CRC check fails. XMOS provides a default secure bootloader that can be written to the OTP along with secret decryption keys. Each tile has its own individual OTP memory, and hence some tiles can be booted from OTP while others are booted from SPI or the channel interface. This enables systems to be partially programmed, dedicating one or more tiles to perform a particular function, leaving the other tiles user-programmable. 8.6 Security register The security register enables security features on the xCORE tile. The features shown in Figure 13 provide a strong level of protection and are sufficient for providing strong IP security. 9 Memory 9.1 OTP Each xCORE Tile integrates 8 KB one-time programmable (OTP) memory along with a security register that configures system wide security features. The OTP holds data in four sectors each containing 512 rows of 32 bits which can be used to implement secure bootloaders and store encryption keys. Data for the security register is loaded from the OTP on power up. All additional data in OTP is copied from the OTP to SRAM and executed first on the processor. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 20 Feature Bit Description Disable JTAG 0 The JTAG interface is disabled, making it impossible for the tile state or memory content to be accessed via the JTAG interface. Disable Link access 1 Other tiles are forbidden access to the processor state via the system switch. Disabling both JTAG and Link access transforms an xCORE Tile into a “secure island” with other tiles free for non-secure user application code. Secure Boot 5 The xCORE Tile is forced to boot from address 0 of the OTP, allowing the xCORE Tile boot ROM to be bypassed (see §8). Redundant rows 7 Enables redundant rows in OTP. Sector Lock 0 8 Disable programming of OTP sector 0. Sector Lock 1 9 Disable programming of OTP sector 1. Sector Lock 2 10 Disable programming of OTP sector 2. Sector Lock 3 11 Disable programming of OTP sector 3. OTP Master Lock 12 Disable OTP programming completely: disables updates to all sectors and security register. Disable JTAG-OTP 13 Disable all (read & write) access from the JTAG interface to this OTP. Disable Global Debug 14 Disables access to the DEBUG_N pin. 21..15 General purpose software accessable security register available to end-users. 31..22 General purpose user programmable JTAG UserID code extension. Figure 13: Security register features The OTP memory is programmed using three special I/O ports: the OTP address port is a 16-bit port with resource ID 0x100200, the OTP data is written via a 32-bit port with resource ID 0x200100, and the OTP control is on a 16-bit port with ID 0x100300. Programming is performed through libotp and xburn. 9.2 SRAM Each xCORE Tile integrates a single 256KB SRAM bank for both instructions and data. All internal memory is 32 bits wide, and instructions are either 16-bit or 32-bit. Byte (8-bit), half-word (16-bit) or word (32-bit) accesses are supported and are executed within one tile clock cycle. There is no dedicated external memory interface, although data memory can be expanded through appropriate use of the ports. 10 USB PHY The USB PHY provides High-Speed and Full-Speed, device, host, and on-the-go functionality. The PHY is configured through a set of peripheral registers (Appendix F), X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 21 and data is communicated through ports on the digital node. A library, XUD, is provided to implement USB-device functionality. The USB PHY is connected to the ports on Tile 0 and Tile 1 as shown in Figure 14. When the USB PHY is enabled on Tile 0, the ports shown can on Tile 0 only be used with the USB PHY. When the USB PHY is enabled on Tile 1, then the ports shown can on Tile 1 only be used with the USB PHY. All other IO pins and ports are unaffected. The USB PHY should not be enabled on both tiles. Two clock blocks can be used to clock the USB ports. One clock block for the TXDATA path, and one clock block for the RXDATA path. Details on how to connect those ports are documented in an application note on USB for xCORE-200. 3V3 1V0 3V3 1V0 Regulators USB_VDD USB_VDD33 USB connector VBUS DP DM ID GND Figure 14: Bus powered USB-device 1-10uF USB_VBUS USB_DP USB_DM USB_ID USB_RTUNE USB PHY xCORE TXD[0..7] TXRDYOUT TXRDYIN PORT_8A PORT_1K PORT_1H CLK PORT_1J RXRDY RXD[0..7] FLAG0 FLAG1 FLAG2 PORT_1I PORT_8B PORT_1E PORT_1F PORT_1G 43R2 Please note: ID connection is optional DM may be marked as DN TXDATA CLKBLK CLKBLK RXDATA FLAG0 FLAG1 FLAG2 An external resistor of 43.2 ohm (1% tolerance) should connect USB_RTUNE to ground, as close as possible to the device. 10.1 USB VBUS USB_VBUS need not be connected if the device is wholly powered by USB, and the device is used to implement a USB-device. If you use the USB PHY to design a self-powered USB-device, then the device must be able detect the presence of VBus on the USB connector (so the device can disconnect its pull-up resistors from D+/D- to ensure the device does not have any voltage on the D+/D- pins when VBus is not present, “USB Back Voltage Test”). This requires USB_VBUS to be connected to the VBUS pin of the USB connector as is shown in Figure 15. 3V3 1V0 External Supply Regulators USB connector Figure 15: Self powered USB-device X007547, VBUS DP DM ID GND 3V3 1V0 10K 1-10 uF 47K 0.1 uF USB_VDD USB_VDD33 USB PHY xCORE USB_VBUS USB_DP USB_DM USB_ID USB_RTUNE 43R2 XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 22 When connecting a USB cable to the device it is possible an overvoltage transient will be present on VBus due to the inductance of the USB cable combined with the required input capacitor on VBus. The circuit in Figure 15 ensures that the transient does not damage the device. The 10k series resistor and 0.1uF capacitor ensure than any input transient is filtered and does not reach the device. The 47k resistor to ground is a bleeder resistor to discharge the input capacitor when VBus is not present. The 1-10uF input capacitor is required as part of the USB specification. A typical value would be 2.2uF to ensure the 1uF minimum requirement is met even under voltage bias conditions. In any case, extra components (such as a ferrite bead and diodes) may be required for EMC compliance and ESD protection. Different wiring is required for USB-host and USB-OTG. 10.2 Logical Core Requirements The XMOS XUD software component runs in a single logical core with endpoint and application cores communicating with it via a combination of channel communication and shared memory variables. Each IN (host requests data from device) or OUT (data transferred from host to device) endpoint requires one logical core. 11 JTAG The JTAG module can be used for loading programs, boundary scan testing, incircuit source-level debugging and programming the OTP memory. TDI TDI BS TAP TDO TDO TCK TMS Figure 16: JTAG chain structure TRST_N DEBUG_N The JTAG chain structure is illustrated in Figure 16. It comprises a single 1149.1 compliant TAP that can be used for boundary scan of the I/O pins. It has a 4-bit IR and 32-bit DR. It also provides access to a chip TAP that in turn can access the xCORE Tile for loading code and debugging. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 23 The TRST_N pin must be asserted low during and after power up for 100 ns. If JTAG is not required, the TRST_N pin can be tied to ground to hold the JTAG module in reset. The DEBUG_N pin is used to synchronize the debugging of multiple xCORE Tiles. This pin can operate in both output and input mode. In output mode and when configured to do so, DEBUG_N is driven low by the device when the processor hits a debug break point. Prior to this point the pin will be tri-stated. In input mode and when configured to do so, driving this pin low will put the xCORE Tile into debug mode. Software can set the behavior of the xCORE Tile based on this pin. This pin should have an external pull up of 4K7-47K Ω or left not connected in single core applications. The JTAG device identification register can be read by using the IDCODE instruction. Its contents are specified in Figure 17. Figure 17: IDCODE return value Bit31 Device Identification Register Version 0 0 0 Bit0 Part Number 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Manufacturer Identity 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 5 1 0 0 0 6 1 1 1 0 0 3 1 1 3 The JTAG usercode register can be read by using the USERCODE instruction. Its contents are specified in Figure 18. The OTP User ID field is read from bits [22:31] of the security register on xCORE Tile 0, see §9.1 (all zero on unprogrammed devices). Figure 18: USERCODE return value 12 Bit31 Usercode Register OTP User ID 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Bit0 Unused 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Silicon Revision 0 1 2 0 1 0 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Board Integration The device has the following power supply pins: · VDD pins for the xCORE Tile, including a USB_VDD pin that powers the USB PHY · VDDIO pins for the I/O lines. Separate I/O supplies are provided for the left, top, and right side of the package; different I/O voltages may be supplied on those. The signal description (Section 4) specifies which I/O is powered from which power-supply · PLL_AVDD pins for the PLL · OTP_VCC pins for the OTP · A USB_VDD33 pin for the analogue supply to the USB-PHY Several pins of each type are provided to minimize the effect of inductance within the package, all of which must be connected. The power supplies must be brought up monotonically and input voltages must not exceed specification at any time. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 24 VDDIO/OTP_VCC and VDD can ramp up independently. In order to reduce stresses on the device, it is preferable to make them ramp up in a short time frame of each other, no more than 50 ms apart. RST_N and TRST_N should be kept low until all power supplies are stable and within tolerances of their final voltage. If your design is powered by VBUS, then RST_N should go high within 10 ms of attaching to VBUS in order to ensure that USB timings are met. When RST_N comes up, the processor will attempt to boot within a very short period of time. If booting from external flash, ensure that there is enough time between before RST_N coming up for the external flash to settle. Power sequencing is summarised in Figure 19 Bring up in short succession System dependent timing 1.0 VDD 0 3.3 VDDIO, OTP_VCC V Figure 19: Sequencing of power supplies and RST_N 0 3.3 RST_N 0 Time The PLL_AVDD supply should be separated from the other noisier supplies on the board. The PLL requires a very clean power supply, and a low pass filter (for example, a 4.7 Ω resistor and 100 nF multi-layer ceramic capacitor) is recommended on this pin. The following ground pins are provided: · PLL_AGND for PLL_AVDD · GND for all other supplies All ground pins must be connected directly to the board ground. The VDD and VDDIO supplies should be decoupled close to the chip by several 100 nF low inductance multi-layer ceramic capacitors between the supplies and GND (for example, 100nF 0402 for every other supply pin). The ground side of the decoupling capacitors should have as short a path back to the GND pins as possible. A bulk decoupling capacitor of at least 10 uF should be placed on each of these supplies. RST_N is an active-low asynchronous-assertion global reset signal. Following a reset, the PLL re-establishes lock after which the device boots up according to the boot mode (see §8). RST_N and must be asserted low during and after power up for 100 ns. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 12.1 25 USB connections USB_VBUS should be connected to the VBUS pin of the USB connector. A 2.2 uF capacitor to ground is required on the VBUS pin. A ferrite bead may be used to reduce HF noise. For self-powered systems, a bleeder resistor may be required to stop VBUS from floating when no USB cable is attached. USB_DP and USB_DN should be connected to the USB connector. USB_ID does not need to be connected. 12.2 USB signal routing and placement The USB_DP and USB_DN lines are the positive and negative data polarities of a high speed USB signal respectively. Their high-speed differential nature implies that they must be coupled and properly isolated. The board design must ensure that the board traces for USB_DP and USB_DN are tightly matched. In addition, according to the USB 2.0 specification, the USB_DP and USB_DN differential impedance must be 90 Ω. Figure 20: USB trace separation showing a low speed signal, two differential pairs and a high-speed clock Low-speed non-periodic signal 20 mils (0.51mm) 12.2.1 USB_DP0 USB_DN0 3.9 mils (0.10mm) USB_DP1 20 mils (0.51mm) High-speed periodic signal USB_DN1 3.9 mils (0.10mm - calculated on the stack up) 50 mils (1.27mm) General routing and placement guidelines The following guidelines will help to avoid signal quality and EMI problems on high speed USB designs. They relate to a four-layer (Signal, GND, Power, Signal) PCB. For best results, most of the routing should be done on the top layer (assuming the USB connector and XS2-U16A-512-FB236 are on the top layer) closest to GND. Reference planes should be below the transmission lines in order to maintain control of the trace impedance. We recommend that the high-speed clock and high-speed USB differential pairs are routed first before any other routing. When routing high speed USB signals, the following guidelines should be followed: · High speed differential pairs should be routed together. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 26 0.12 mm 0.10 mm USB_DP 0.12 mm USB_DN 0.1 mm GND 1.0 mm FR4 Dielectric Power Figure 21: Example USB board stack 0.1 mm · High-speed USB signal pair traces should be trace-length matched. Maximum trace-length mismatch should be no greater than 4mm. · Ensure that high speed signals (clocks, USB differential pairs) are routed as far away from off-board connectors as possible. · High-speed clock and periodic signal traces that run parallel should be at least 1.27mm away from USB_DP/USB_DN (see Figure 20). · Low-speed and non-periodic signal traces that run parallel should be at least 0.5mm away from USB_DP/USB_DN (see Figure 20). · Route high speed USB signals on the top of the PCB wherever possible. · Route high speed USB traces over continuous power planes, with no breaks. If a trade-off must be made, changing signal layers is preferable to crossing plane splits. · Follow the 20 × h rule; keep traces 20 × h (the height above the power plane) away from the edge of the power plane. · Use a minimum of vias in high speed USB traces. · Avoid corners in the trace. Where necessary, rather than turning through a 90 degree angle, use two 45 degree turns or an arc. · DO NOT route USB traces near clock sources, clocked circuits or magnetic devices. · Avoid stubs on high speed USB signals. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 12.3 27 Land patterns and solder stencils The package is a 236 ball Fine Ball Grid Array (FBGA) on a 0.5 mm pitch. We recommend you use HDI or better PCB technology. The missing balls in the outer rows can be used to route the first inner row out over the top layer. The missing balls in the center can be used for ground vias. The missing rows four and five can be used for VDD vias if required. The land patterns and solder stencils will depend on the PCB manufacturing process. We recommend you design them with using the IPC specifications “Generic Requirements for Surface Mount Design and Land Pattern Standards” IPC-7351B. This standard aims to achieve desired targets of heel, toe and side fillets for solder-joints. The mechanical drawings in Section 14 specify the dimensions and tolerances. 12.4 Ground and Thermal Vias Vias from the ground balls into the ground plane of the PCB are recommended for a low inductance ground connection and good thermal performance. Typical designs could use 16 vias in a 4 x 4 grid, equally spaced amongst the ground balls. 12.5 Moisture Sensitivity XMOS devices are, like all semiconductor devices, susceptible to moisture absorption. When removed from the sealed packaging, the devices slowly absorb moisture from the surrounding environment. If the level of moisture present in the device is too high during reflow, damage can occur due to the increased internal vapour pressure of moisture. Example damage can include bond wire damage, die lifting, internal or external package cracks and/or delamination. All XMOS devices are Moisture Sensitivity Level (MSL) 3 - devices have a shelf life of 168 hours between removal from the packaging and reflow, provided they are stored below 30C and 60% RH. If devices have exceeded these values or an included moisture indicator card shows excessive levels of moisture, then the parts should be baked as appropriate before use. This is based on information from Joint IPC/JEDEC Standard For Moisture/Reflow Sensitivity Classification For Nonhermetic Solid State Surface-Mount Devices J-STD-020 Revision D. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 13 28 Electrical Characteristics 13.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device reliability and lifetime. Figure 22: Absolute maximum ratings Symbol Parameter MIN MAX VDD Tile DC supply voltage -0.2 1.1 UNITS V Notes PLL_AVDD PLL analog supply -0.2 1.1 V VDDIO I/O supply voltage -0.3 3.75 V OTP_VCC OTP supply voltage -0.3 3.75 V Tj Junction temperature 125 °C Tstg Storage temperature -65 150 °C V(Vin) Voltage applied to any IO pin -0.3 3.75 V I(XxDxx) GPIO current -30 30 mA I(VDDIOL) Current for VDDIOL domain 588 mA A, B, C I(VDDIOR) Current for VDDIOR domain 686 mA A, B, C I(VDDIOT) Current for VDDIOT domain 98 mA A, C USB_VDD USB tile DC supply voltage -0.2 1.1 V USB_VDD33 USB tile analog supply voltage -0.3 3.75 V USB_VBUS USB VBUS voltage -0.3 5.75 V USB_DP USB DP voltage -0.3 5.5 V USB_DM USB DM voltage -0.3 5.5 V USB_ID USB ID voltage -0.3 2.75 V A Exceeding these current limits will result in premature aging and reduced lifetime. B This current consumption must be evenly distributed over all VDDIO pins. C All main power (VDD, VDDIO) and ground (VSS) pins must always be connected to the external power supply, in the permitted range. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 13.2 Operating Conditions Symbol Parameter MIN TYP MAX UNITS VDD Tile DC supply voltage 0.95 1.00 1.05 V VDDIOL I/O supply voltage 3.135 3.30 3.465 V VDDIOR I/O supply voltage 3.135 3.30 3.465 V VDDIOT 3v3 I/O supply voltage 3.135 3.30 3.465 V VDDIOT 2v5 I/O supply voltage 2.375 2.50 2.625 V USB_VDD USB tile DC supply voltage 0.95 1.00 1.05 V VDD33 Peripheral supply 3.135 3.30 3.465 V PLL_AVDD PLL analog supply 0.95 1.00 1.05 V Cl xCORE Tile I/O load capacitance Ambient operating temperature (Commercial) Ta Figure 23: Operating conditions Figure 24: DC characteristics 29 Ambient operating temperature (Industrial) Tj Junction temperature 13.3 DC Characteristics, VDDIO=3V3 25 pF 0 70 °C -40 85 °C 125 °C TYP Notes Symbol Parameter MIN MAX UNITS Notes V(IH) Input high voltage 2.00 3.60 V A V(IL) Input low voltage -0.30 0.70 V A V(OH) Output high voltage V B, C V(OL) Output low voltage V B, C I(PU) Internal pull-up current (Vin=0V) µA D I(PD) Internal pull-down current (Vin=3.3V) 100 µA D I(LC) Input leakage current 10 µA 2.20 0.40 -100 -10 A All pins except power supply pins. B Pins X1D40, X1D41, X1D42, X1D43, X1D26, and X1D27 are nominal 8 mA drivers, the remainder of the general-purpose I/Os are 4 mA. C Measured with 4 mA drivers sourcing 4 mA, 8 mA drivers sourcing 8 mA. D Used to guarantee logic state for an I/O when high impedance. The internal pull-ups/pull-downs should not be used to pull external circuitry. In order to pull the pin to the opposite state, a 4K7 resistor is recommended to overome the internal pull current. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 3.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 1.0 1.0 0.0 20 40 60 80 100 -100 -80 -60 -40 -20 0 0.0 I(PU) current, uA ESD Stress Voltage Symbol Parameter HBM Human body model CDM Charged Device Model 13.5 Figure 27: Reset timing 0 I(PD) current, uA 13.4 Figure 26: ESD stress voltage 30 IO Pin Voltage, V Figure 25: Typical internal pull-down and pull-up currents IO Pin Voltage, V XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet MAX UNITS -2.00 MIN TYP 2.00 KV -500 500 Notes V Reset Timing Symbol Parameters MIN T(RST) Reset pulse width 5 T(INIT) Initialization time TYP MAX UNITS Notes µs 150 µs A A Shows the time taken to start booting after RST_N has gone high. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 13.6 Figure 28: xCORE Tile currents 31 Power Consumption Symbol Parameter I(DDCQ) Quiescent VDD current PD Tile power dissipation IDD MIN TYP MAX UNITS Notes 45 mA A, B, C 325 µW/MIPS A, D, E, F Active VDD current 570 700 mA A, G I(ADDPLL) PLL_AVDD current 5 mA H I(VDD33) VDD33 current 26.7 mA I I(USB_VDD) USB_VDD current 8.27 mA J 7 A B C D E F G Use for budgetary purposes only. Assumes typical tile and I/O voltages with no switching activity. Includes PLL current. Assumes typical tile and I/O voltages with nominal switching activity. Assumes 1 MHz = 1 MIPS. PD(TYP) value is the usage power consumption under typical operating conditions. Measurement conditions: VDD = 1.0 V, VDDIO = 3.3 V, 25 °C, 500 MHz, average device resource usage. H PLL_AVDD = 1.0 V I HS mode transmitting while driving all 0’s data (constant JKJK on DP/DM). Loading of 10 pF. Transfers do not include any interpacket delay. J HS receive mode; no traffic. The tile power consumption of the device is highly application dependent and should be used for budgetary purposes only. More detailed power analysis can be found in the XS1-U Power Consumption document, 13.7 Figure 29: Clock Clock Symbol Parameter MIN TYP MAX UNITS f Frequency 3.25 24 100 MHz Notes SR Slew rate 0.10 TJ(LT) Long term jitter (pk-pk) 2 % A f(MAX) Processor clock frequency 500 MHz B V/ns A Percentage of CLK period. B Assumes typical tile and I/O voltages with nominal activity. Further details can be found in the XS1-U Clock Frequency Control document, X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 13.8 Figure 30: I/O AC characteristics 32 xCORE Tile I/O AC Characteristics Symbol Parameter MIN TYP MAX UNITS T(XOVALID) Input data valid window 8 T(XOINVALID) Output data invalid window 9 T(XIFMAX) Rate at which data can be sampled with respect to an external clock Notes ns ns 60 MHz The input valid window parameter relates to the capability of the device to capture data input to the chip with respect to an external clock source. It is calculated as the sum of the input setup time and input hold time with respect to the external clock as measured at the pins. The output invalid window specifies the time for which an output is invalid with respect to the external clock. Note that these parameters are specified as a window rather than absolute numbers since the device provides functionality to delay the incoming clock with respect to the incoming data. Information on interfacing to high-speed synchronous interfaces can be found in the Port I/O Timing document, X5821. 13.9 Figure 31: Link performance xConnect Link Performance Symbol Parameter MAX UNITS Notes B(2blinkP) 2b link bandwidth (packetized) MIN TYP 87 MBit/s A, B B(5blinkP) 5b link bandwidth (packetized) 217 MBit/s A, B B(2blinkS) 2b link bandwidth (streaming) 100 MBit/s B B(5blinkS) 5b link bandwidth (streaming) 250 MBit/s B A Assumes 32-byte packet in 3-byte header mode. Actual performance depends on size of the header and payload. B 7.5 ns symbol time. The asynchronous nature of links means that the relative phasing of CLK clocks is not important in a multi-clock system, providing each meets the required stability criteria. 13.10 Figure 32: JTAG timing JTAG Timing Symbol Parameter f(TCK_D) TCK frequency (debug) MIN TYP MAX UNITS 18 MHz 10 MHz f(TCK_B) TCK frequency (boundary scan) T(SETUP) TDO to TCK setup time 5 ns A T(HOLD) TDO to TCK hold time 5 ns A T(DELAY) TCK to output delay ns B 15 Notes A Timing applies to TMS and TDI inputs. B Timing applies to TDO output from negative edge of TCK. All JTAG operations are synchronous to TCK apart from the global asynchronous reset TRST_N. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 14 33 Package Information X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 14.1 Part Marking FXCCRNTMM MCYYWWXX Figure 33: Part marking scheme 15 34 LLLLLL.LL F - Product family X - Reserved CC - Number of logical cores R - RAM [in log2(kbytes)] N - Flash size [in log2(Mbytes)+1] T - Temperature grade MM - Speed grade MC - Manufacturer YYWW - Date XX - Reserved Wafer lot code Ordering Information Figure 34: Orderable part numbers X007547, Product Code XU216-512-FB236-C20 XU216-512-FB236-I20 Marking U11690C20 U11690I20 Qualification Commercial Industrial Speed Grade 1000 MIPS 1000 MIPS XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 35 Appendices A Configuration of the XU216-512-FB236 The device is configured through banks of registers, as shown in Figure 35. xTIME scheduler X0Dxx I/O pins Hardware response ports JTAG xTIME scheduler X1Dxx I/O pins Hardware response ports xCORE logical core xCORE logical core USB USB SRAM OTP config Processor status xCORE logical core Tile configuration xCORE logical core Link 8 xCORE logical core Node configuration xCONNECT Switch xCORE logical core Tile configuration xCORE logical core xCORE logical core Processor status xCORE logical core xCORE logical core Figure 35: Registers PLL xCORE logical core xCORE logical core xCORE logical core xCORE logical core xCORE logical core xCORE logical core OTP SRAM The following communication sequences specify how to access those registers. Any messages transmitted contain the most significant 24 bits of the channel-end to which a response is to be sent. This comprises the node-identifier and the channel number within the node. if no response is required on a write operation, supply 24-bits with the last 8-bits set, which suppresses the reply message. Any multi-byte data is sent most significant byte first. A.1 Accessing a processor status register The processor status registers are accessed directly from the processor instruction set. The instructions GETPS and SETPS read and write a word. The register number should be translated into a processor-status resource identifier by shifting the register number left 8 places, and ORing it with 0x0B. Alternatively, the functions getps(reg) and setps(reg,value) can be used from XC. A.2 Accessing an xCORE Tile configuration register xCORE Tile configuration registers can be accessed through the interconnect using the functions write_tile_config_reg(tileref, ...) and read_tile_config_reg(tile > ref, ...), where tileref is the name of the xCORE Tile, e.g. tile[1]. These functions implement the protocols described below. Instead of using the functions above, a channel-end can be allocated to communicate with the xCORE tile configuration registers. The destination of the channel-end should be set to 0xnnnnC20C where nnnnnn is the tile-identifier. A write message comprises the following: X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 36 control-token 24-bit response 16-bit 32-bit control-token 192 channel-end identifier register number data 1 The response to a write message comprises either control tokens 3 and 1 (for success), or control tokens 4 and 1 (for failure). A read message comprises the following: control-token 24-bit response 16-bit control-token 193 channel-end identifier register number 1 The response to the read message comprises either control token 3, 32-bit of data, and control-token 1 (for success), or control tokens 4 and 1 (for failure). A.3 Accessing node configuration Node configuration registers can be accessed through the interconnect using the functions write_node_config_reg(device, ...) and read_node_config_reg(device, > ...), where device is the name of the node. These functions implement the protocols described below. Instead of using the functions above, a channel-end can be allocated to communicate with the node configuration registers. The destination of the channel-end should be set to 0xnnnnC30C where nnnn is the node-identifier. A write message comprises the following: control-token 24-bit response 16-bit 32-bit control-token 192 channel-end identifier register number data 1 The response to a write message comprises either control tokens 3 and 1 (for success), or control tokens 4 and 1 (for failure). A read message comprises the following: control-token 24-bit response 16-bit control-token 193 channel-end identifier register number 1 The response to a read message comprises either control token 3, 32-bit of data, and control-token 1 (for success), or control tokens 4 and 1 (for failure). A.4 Accessing a register of an analogue peripheral Peripheral registers can be accessed through the interconnect using the functions write_periph_32(device, peripheral, ...), read_periph_32(device, peripheral, ...) > , write_periph_8(device, peripheral, ...), and read_periph_8(device, peripheral > , ...); where device is the name of the analogue device, and peripheral is the number of the peripheral. These functions implement the protocols described below. A channel-end should be allocated to communicate with the configuration registers. The destination of the channel-end should be set to 0xnnnnpp02 where nnnn is the node-identifier and pp is the peripheral identifier. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 37 A write message comprises the following: control-token 24-bit response 8-bit 8-bit 36 channel-end identifier register number size data control-token 1 The response to a write message comprises either control tokens 3 and 1 (for success), or control tokens 4 and 1 (for failure). A read message comprises the following: control-token 24-bit response 8-bit 8-bit control-token 37 channel-end identifier register number size 1 The response to the read message comprises either control token 3, data, and control-token 1 (for success), or control tokens 4 and 1 (for failure). X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet B 38 Processor Status Configuration The processor status control registers can be accessed directly by the processor using processor status reads and writes (use getps(reg) and setps(reg,value) for reads and writes). Number Figure 36: Summary X007547, Perm Description 0x00 RW RAM base address 0x01 RW Vector base address 0x02 RW xCORE Tile control 0x03 RO xCORE Tile boot status 0x05 RW Security configuration 0x06 RW Ring Oscillator Control 0x07 RO Ring Oscillator Value 0x08 RO Ring Oscillator Value 0x09 RO Ring Oscillator Value 0x0A RO Ring Oscillator Value 0x0C RO RAM size 0x10 DRW Debug SSR 0x11 DRW Debug SPC 0x12 DRW Debug SSP 0x13 DRW DGETREG operand 1 0x14 DRW DGETREG operand 2 0x15 DRW Debug interrupt type 0x16 DRW Debug interrupt data 0x18 DRW Debug core control 0x20 .. 0x27 DRW Debug scratch 0x30 .. 0x33 DRW Instruction breakpoint address 0x40 .. 0x43 DRW Instruction breakpoint control 0x50 .. 0x53 DRW Data watchpoint address 1 0x60 .. 0x63 DRW Data watchpoint address 2 0x70 .. 0x73 DRW Data breakpoint control register 0x80 .. 0x83 DRW Resources breakpoint mask 0x90 .. 0x93 DRW Resources breakpoint value 0x9C .. 0x9F DRW Resources breakpoint control register XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet B.1 39 RAM base address: 0x00 This register contains the base address of the RAM. It is initialized to 0x00040000. 0x00: RAM base address Bits Perm 31:2 RW 1:0 RO B.2 Init Description Most significant 16 bits of all addresses. - Reserved Vector base address: 0x01 Base address of event vectors in each resource. On an interrupt or event, the 16 most significant bits of the destination address are provided by this register; the least significant 16 bits come from the event vector. 0x01: Vector base address Bits Perm 31:18 RW 17:0 RO B.3 Init Description The event and interrupt vectors. - Reserved xCORE Tile control: 0x02 Register to control features in the xCORE tile X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet Bits Perm 40 Init Description 31:26 RO - 25:18 RW 0 RGMII TX data delay value (in PLL output cycle increments) 17:9 RW 0 RGMII TX clock divider value. TX clk rises when counter (clocked by PLL output) reaches this value and falls when counter reaches (value»1). Value programmed into this field should be actual divide value required minus 1 8 RW 0 Enable RGMII interface periph ports 0x02: xCORE Tile control B.4 Reserved 7:6 RO - 5 RW 0 Reserved Select the dynamic mode (1) for the clock divider when the clock divider is enabled. In dynamic mode the clock divider is only activated when all active threads are paused. In static mode the clock divider is always enabled. 4 RW 0 Enable the clock divider. This divides the output of the PLL to facilitate one of the low power modes. 3 RO - Reserved 2 RW Select between UTMI (1) and ULPI (0) mode. 1 RW Enable the ULPI Hardware support module 0 RO - Reserved xCORE Tile boot status: 0x03 This read-only register describes the boot status of the xCORE tile. Bits 0x03: xCORE Tile boot status X007547, Perm 31:24 RO 23:16 RO 15:9 RO Init - Description Reserved Processor number. - Reserved 8 RO 7:6 RO Overwrite BOOT_MODE. 5 RO Indicates if core1 has been powered off 4 RO Cause the ROM to not poll the OTP for correct read levels 3 RO Boot ROM boots from RAM 2 RO Boot ROM boots from JTAG 1:0 RO The boot PLL mode pin value. - Reserved XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet B.5 41 Security configuration: 0x05 Copy of the security register as read from OTP. Bits Perm Init Description 31 RW 30:15 RO 14 RW 13 RO 12 RW lock all OTP sectors 11:8 RW lock bit for each OTP sector 7 RW Enable OTP reduanacy 6 RO 5 RW Override boot mode and read boot image from OTP 4 RW Disable JTAG access to the PLL/BOOT configuration registers 0x05: Security configuration 3:1 RO 0 RW B.6 Disables write permission on this register - Reserved Disable access to XCore’s global debug - - - Reserved Reserved Reserved Disable access to XCore’s JTAG debug TAP Ring Oscillator Control: 0x06 There are four free-running oscillators that clock four counters. The oscillators can be started and stopped using this register. The counters should only be read when the ring oscillator has been stopped for at least 10 core clock cycles (this can be achieved by inserting two nop instructions between the SETPS and GETPS). The counter values can be read using four subsequent registers. The ring oscillators are asynchronous to the xCORE tile clock and can be used as a source of random bits. Bits 0x06: Ring Oscillator Control Perm Init Description 31:2 RO - 1 RW 0 Core ring oscillator enable. 0 RW 0 Peripheral ring oscillator enable. B.7 Reserved Ring Oscillator Value: 0x07 This register contains the current count of the xCORE Tile Cell ring oscillator. This value is not reset on a system reset. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 0x07: Ring Oscillator Value Bits Perm 42 Init 31:16 RO - 15:0 RO 0 B.8 Description Reserved Ring oscillator Counter data. Ring Oscillator Value: 0x08 This register contains the current count of the xCORE Tile Wire ring oscillator. This value is not reset on a system reset. 0x08: Ring Oscillator Value Bits Perm Init 31:16 RO - 15:0 RO 0 B.9 Description Reserved Ring oscillator Counter data. Ring Oscillator Value: 0x09 This register contains the current count of the Peripheral Cell ring oscillator. This value is not reset on a system reset. 0x09: Ring Oscillator Value Bits Perm Init 31:16 RO - 15:0 RO 0 B.10 Description Reserved Ring oscillator Counter data. Ring Oscillator Value: 0x0A This register contains the current count of the Peripheral Wire ring oscillator. This value is not reset on a system reset. 0x0A: Ring Oscillator Value Bits Perm Init 31:16 RO - 15:0 RO 0 B.11 Description Reserved Ring oscillator Counter data. RAM size: 0x0C The size of the RAM in bytes X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 0x0C: RAM size Bits Perm 31:2 RO 1:0 RO B.12 43 Init Description Most significant 16 bits of all addresses. - Reserved Debug SSR: 0x10 This register contains the value of the SSR register when the debugger was called. Bits 31:11 Perm Init RO - Description Reserved 10 DRW Address space indentifier 9 DRW Determines the issue mode (DI bit) upon Kernel Entry after Exception or Interrupt. 0x10: Debug SSR 8 RO 7 DRW When 1 the thread is in fast mode and will continually issue. 6 DRW When 1 the thread is paused waiting for events, a lock or another resource. 5 RO 4 DRW 1 when in kernel mode. 3 DRW 1 when in an interrupt handler. 2 DRW 1 when in an event enabling sequence. 1 DRW When 1 interrupts are enabled for the thread. 0 DRW When 1 events are enabled for the thread. B.13 Determines the issue mode (DI bit). - Reserved Debug SPC: 0x11 This register contains the value of the SPC register when the debugger was called. 0x11: Debug SPC Bits Perm 31:0 DRW B.14 Init Description Value. Debug SSP: 0x12 This register contains the value of the SSP register when the debugger was called. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 0x12: Debug SSP Bits Perm 31:0 DRW B.15 44 Init Description Value. DGETREG operand 1: 0x13 The resource ID of the logical core whose state is to be read. 0x13: DGETREG operand 1 Bits 31:8 7:0 B.16 Perm RO Init Description - Reserved DRW Thread number to be read DGETREG operand 2: 0x14 Register number to be read by DGETREG 0x14: DGETREG operand 2 Bits Perm 31:5 RO 4:0 B.17 Init Description - Reserved DRW Register number to be read Debug interrupt type: 0x15 Register that specifies what activated the debug interrupt. Bits 0x15: Debug interrupt type X007547, Perm Init - Description 31:18 RO 17:16 DRW Number of the hardware breakpoint/watchpoint which caused the interrupt (always 0 for =HOST= and =DCALL=). If multiple breakpoints/watchpoints trigger at once, the lowest number is taken. 15:8 DRW Number of thread which caused the debug interrupt (always 0 in the case of =HOST=). 7:3 RO - 2:0 DRW 0 Reserved Reserved Indicates the cause of the debug interrupt 1: Host initiated a debug interrupt through JTAG 2: Program executed a DCALL instruction 3: Instruction breakpoint 4: Data watch point 5: Resource watch point XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet B.18 45 Debug interrupt data: 0x16 On a data watchpoint, this register contains the effective address of the memory operation that triggered the debugger. On a resource watchpoint, it countains the resource identifier. 0x16: Debug interrupt data Bits Perm 31:0 DRW B.19 Init Description Value. Debug core control: 0x18 This register enables the debugger to temporarily disable logical cores. When returning from the debug interrupts, the cores set in this register will not execute. This enables single stepping to be implemented. 0x18: Debug core control Bits Perm 31:8 RO 7:0 B.20 Init - DRW Description Reserved 1-hot vector defining which threads are stopped when not in debug mode. Every bit which is set prevents the respective thread from running. Debug scratch: 0x20 .. 0x27 A set of registers used by the debug ROM to communicate with an external debugger, for example over JTAG. This is the same set of registers as the Debug Scratch registers in the xCORE tile configuration. 0x20 .. 0x27: Debug scratch Bits Perm 31:0 DRW B.21 Init Description Value. Instruction breakpoint address: 0x30 .. 0x33 This register contains the address of the instruction breakpoint. If the PC matches this address, then a debug interrupt will be taken. There are four instruction breakpoints that are controlled individually. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 0x30 .. 0x33: Instruction breakpoint address Bits Perm 31:0 DRW B.22 46 Init Description Value. Instruction breakpoint control: 0x40 .. 0x43 This register controls which logical cores may take an instruction breakpoint, and under which condition. Bits 0x40 .. 0x43: Instruction breakpoint control Perm Init Description 31:24 RO - 23:16 DRW 0 RO - 1 DRW 0 When 0 break when PC == IBREAK_ADDR. When 1 = break when PC != IBREAK_ADDR. 0 DRW 0 When 1 the instruction breakpoint is enabled. 15:2 B.23 Reserved A bit for each thread in the machine allowing the breakpoint to be enabled individually for each thread. Reserved Data watchpoint address 1: 0x50 .. 0x53 This set of registers contains the first address for the four data watchpoints. 0x50 .. 0x53: Data watchpoint address 1 Bits Perm 31:0 DRW B.24 Init Description Value. Data watchpoint address 2: 0x60 .. 0x63 This set of registers contains the second address for the four data watchpoints. 0x60 .. 0x63: Data watchpoint address 2 X007547, Bits Perm 31:0 DRW Init Description Value. XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet B.25 47 Data breakpoint control register: 0x70 .. 0x73 This set of registers controls each of the four data watchpoints. Bits 0x70 .. 0x73: Data breakpoint control register Perm Init 31:24 RO - 23:16 DRW 0 RO - 15:3 Description Reserved A bit for each thread in the machine allowing the breakpoint to be enabled individually for each thread. Reserved 2 DRW 0 When 1 the breakpoints will be be triggered on loads. 1 DRW 0 Determines the break condition: 0 = A AND B, 1 = A OR B. 0 DRW 0 When 1 the instruction breakpoint is enabled. B.26 Resources breakpoint mask: 0x80 .. 0x83 This set of registers contains the mask for the four resource watchpoints. 0x80 .. 0x83: Resources breakpoint mask Bits Perm 31:0 DRW B.27 Init Description Value. Resources breakpoint value: 0x90 .. 0x93 This set of registers contains the value for the four resource watchpoints. 0x90 .. 0x93: Resources breakpoint value Bits Perm 31:0 DRW B.28 Init Description Value. Resources breakpoint control register: 0x9C .. 0x9F This set of registers controls each of the four resource watchpoints. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet Bits 0x9C .. 0x9F: Resources breakpoint control register X007547, Perm 48 Init 31:24 RO - 23:16 DRW 0 15:2 Description Reserved A bit for each thread in the machine allowing the breakpoint to be enabled individually for each thread. RO - 1 DRW 0 Reserved When 0 break when condition A is met. When 1 = break when condition B is met. 0 DRW 0 When 1 the instruction breakpoint is enabled. XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet C 49 Tile Configuration The xCORE Tile control registers can be accessed using configuration reads and writes (use write_tile_config_reg(tileref, ...) and read_tile_config_reg(tileref, > ...) for reads and writes). Number Perm Description 0x00 CRO Device identification 0x01 CRO xCORE Tile description 1 0x02 CRO xCORE Tile description 2 0x04 CRW Control PSwitch permissions to debug registers 0x05 CRW Cause debug interrupts 0x06 CRW xCORE Tile clock divider 0x07 CRO Security configuration 0x20 .. 0x27 CRW Debug scratch 0x40 CRO PC of logical core 0 0x41 CRO PC of logical core 1 Figure 37: Summary C.1 0x42 CRO PC of logical core 2 0x43 CRO PC of logical core 3 0x44 CRO PC of logical core 4 0x45 CRO PC of logical core 5 0x46 CRO PC of logical core 6 0x47 CRO PC of logical core 7 0x60 CRO SR of logical core 0 0x61 CRO SR of logical core 1 0x62 CRO SR of logical core 2 0x63 CRO SR of logical core 3 0x64 CRO SR of logical core 4 0x65 CRO SR of logical core 5 0x66 CRO SR of logical core 6 0x67 CRO SR of logical core 7 Device identification: 0x00 This register identifies the xCORE Tile X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 0x00: Device identification 50 Bits Perm 31:24 CRO Processor ID of this XCore. 23:16 CRO Number of the node in which this XCore is located. 15:8 CRO XCore revision. 7:0 CRO XCore version. C.2 Init Description xCORE Tile description 1: 0x01 This register describes the number of logical cores, synchronisers, locks and channel ends available on this xCORE tile. 0x01: xCORE Tile description 1 Bits Perm 31:24 CRO Number of channel ends. 23:16 CRO Number of the locks. 15:8 CRO Number of synchronisers. 7:0 C.3 RO Init - Description Reserved xCORE Tile description 2: 0x02 This register describes the number of timers and clock blocks available on this xCORE tile. Bits 0x02: xCORE Tile description 2 31:16 Perm RO Init - Description Reserved 15:8 CRO Number of clock blocks. 7:0 CRO Number of timers. C.4 Control PSwitch permissions to debug registers: 0x04 This register can be used to control whether the debug registers (marked with permission CRW) are accessible through the tile configuration registers. When this bit is set, write -access to those registers is disabled, preventing debugging of the xCORE tile over the interconnect. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 0x04: Control PSwitch permissions to debug registers 51 Bits Perm Init 31 CRW 0 RO - CRW 0 30:1 0 C.5 Description When 1 the PSwitch is restricted to RO access to all CRW registers from SSwitch, XCore(PS_DBG_Scratch) and JTAG Reserved When 1 the PSwitch is restricted to RO access to all CRW registers from SSwitch Cause debug interrupts: 0x05 This register can be used to raise a debug interrupt in this xCORE tile. Bits 0x05: Cause debug interrupts Perm 31:2 C.6 Init Description RO - 1 CRW 0 Reserved 1 when the processor is in debug mode. 0 CRW 0 Request a debug interrupt on the processor. xCORE Tile clock divider: 0x06 This register contains the value used to divide the PLL clock to create the xCORE tile clock. The divider is enabled under control of the tile control register 0x06: xCORE Tile clock divider Bits Perm Init 31 CRW 0 30:16 15:0 C.7 RO - CRW 0 Description Clock disable. Writing ’1’ will remove the clock to the tile. Reserved Clock divider. Security configuration: 0x07 Copy of the security register as read from OTP. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet Bits Perm 31 CRO 30:15 52 Init Disables write permission on this register RO 14 CRO 13 RO Description - Reserved Disable access to XCore’s global debug - Reserved 12 CRO lock all OTP sectors 11:8 CRO lock bit for each OTP sector 7 CRO Enable OTP reduanacy 0x07: Security configuration 6 RO 5 CRO Override boot mode and read boot image from OTP 4 CRO Disable JTAG access to the PLL/BOOT configuration registers 3:1 0 C.8 - RO - CRO Reserved Reserved Disable access to XCore’s JTAG debug TAP Debug scratch: 0x20 .. 0x27 A set of registers used by the debug ROM to communicate with an external debugger, for example over the switch. This is the same set of registers as the Debug Scratch registers in the processor status. 0x20 .. 0x27: Debug scratch Bits Perm 31:0 CRW C.9 Init Description Value. PC of logical core 0: 0x40 Value of the PC of logical core 0. 0x40: PC of logical core 0 Bits Perm 31:0 CRO C.10 Init Description Value. PC of logical core 1: 0x41 Value of the PC of logical core 1. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 0x41: PC of logical core 1 Bits Perm 31:0 CRO C.11 53 Init Description Value. PC of logical core 2: 0x42 Value of the PC of logical core 2. 0x42: PC of logical core 2 Bits Perm 31:0 CRO C.12 Init Description Value. PC of logical core 3: 0x43 Value of the PC of logical core 3. 0x43: PC of logical core 3 Bits Perm 31:0 CRO C.13 Init Description Value. PC of logical core 4: 0x44 Value of the PC of logical core 4. 0x44: PC of logical core 4 Bits Perm 31:0 CRO C.14 Init Description Value. PC of logical core 5: 0x45 Value of the PC of logical core 5. 0x45: PC of logical core 5 X007547, Bits Perm 31:0 CRO Init Description Value. XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet C.15 54 PC of logical core 6: 0x46 Value of the PC of logical core 6. 0x46: PC of logical core 6 Bits Perm 31:0 CRO C.16 Init Description Value. PC of logical core 7: 0x47 Value of the PC of logical core 7. 0x47: PC of logical core 7 Bits Perm 31:0 CRO C.17 Init Description Value. SR of logical core 0: 0x60 Value of the SR of logical core 0 0x60: SR of logical core 0 Bits Perm 31:0 CRO C.18 Init Description Value. SR of logical core 1: 0x61 Value of the SR of logical core 1 0x61: SR of logical core 1 Bits Perm 31:0 CRO C.19 Init Description Value. SR of logical core 2: 0x62 Value of the SR of logical core 2 X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 0x62: SR of logical core 2 Bits Perm 31:0 CRO C.20 55 Init Description Value. SR of logical core 3: 0x63 Value of the SR of logical core 3 0x63: SR of logical core 3 Bits Perm 31:0 CRO C.21 Init Description Value. SR of logical core 4: 0x64 Value of the SR of logical core 4 0x64: SR of logical core 4 Bits Perm 31:0 CRO C.22 Init Description Value. SR of logical core 5: 0x65 Value of the SR of logical core 5 0x65: SR of logical core 5 Bits Perm 31:0 CRO C.23 Init Description Value. SR of logical core 6: 0x66 Value of the SR of logical core 6 0x66: SR of logical core 6 X007547, Bits Perm 31:0 CRO Init Description Value. XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet C.24 56 SR of logical core 7: 0x67 Value of the SR of logical core 7 0x67: SR of logical core 7 X007547, Bits Perm 31:0 CRO Init Description Value. XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet D 57 Node Configuration The digital node control registers can be accessed using configuration reads and writes (use write_node_config_reg(device, ...) and read_node_config_reg(device, > ...) for reads and writes). Number 0x00 Figure 38: Summary Perm Description RO Device identification 0x01 RO System switch description 0x04 RW Switch configuration 0x05 RW Switch node identifier 0x06 RW PLL settings 0x07 RW System switch clock divider 0x08 RW Reference clock 0x09 R System JTAG device ID register 0x0A R System USERCODE register 0x0C RW Directions 0-7 0x0D RW Directions 8-15 0x10 RW DEBUG_N configuration, tile 0 0x11 RW DEBUG_N configuration, tile 1 0x1F RO Debug source 0x20 .. 0x28 RW Link status, direction, and network 0x40 .. 0x47 RO PLink status and network 0x80 .. 0x88 RW Link configuration and initialization 0xA0 .. 0xA7 RW Static link configuration D.1 Device identification: 0x00 This register contains version and revision identifiers and the mode-pins as sampled at boot-time. Bits 0x00: Device identification X007547, Perm Init - Description 31:24 RO 23:16 RO Reserved Sampled values of BootCtl pins on Power On Reset. 15:8 RO SSwitch revision. 7:0 RO SSwitch version. XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet D.2 58 System switch description: 0x01 This register specifies the number of processors and links that are connected to this switch. Bits 0x01: System switch description Perm Init RO 23:16 RO Number of SLinks on the SSwitch. 15:8 RO Number of processors on the SSwitch. 7:0 RO Number of processors on the device. D.3 - Description 31:24 Reserved Switch configuration: 0x04 This register enables the setting of two security modes (that disable updates to the PLL or any other registers) and the header-mode. Bits Perm 31 0x04: Switch configuration RW Init 0 30:9 RO - 8 RW 0 7:1 RO - 0 RW 0 D.4 Description 0 = SSCTL registers have write access. 1 = SSCTL registers can not be written to. Reserved 0 = PLL_CTL_REG has write access. 1 = PLL_CTL_REG can not be written to. Reserved 0 = 2-byte headers, 1 = 1-byte headers (reset as 0). Switch node identifier: 0x05 This register contains the node identifier. 0x05: Switch node identifier Bits Perm Init 31:16 RO - 15:0 RW 0 D.5 Description Reserved The unique ID of this node. PLL settings: 0x06 An on-chip PLL multiplies the input clock up to a higher frequency clock, used to clock the I/O, processor, and switch, see Oscillator. Note: a write to this register will cause the tile to be reset. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet Bits Perm 59 Init Description 31 RW If set to 1, the chip will not be reset 30 RW If set to 1, the chip will not wait for the PLL to re-lock. Only use this if a gradual change is made to the PLL 29 DW If set to 1, set the PLL to be bypassed 28 DW If set to 1, set the boot mode to boot from JTAG 27:26 RO 25:23 RW 22:21 RO 20:8 RW 7 RO 6:0 RW 0x06: PLL settings D.6 - Reserved Output divider value range from 0 (8’h0) to 7 (8’h7). OD value. - Reserved Feedback multiplication ratio, range from 0 (8’h0) to 4095 (8’h3FF). F value. - Reserved Oscilator input divider value range from 0 (8’h0) to 63 (8’h3F). R value. System switch clock divider: 0x07 Sets the ratio of the PLL clock and the switch clock. 0x07: System switch clock divider Bits Perm Init 31:16 RO - 15:0 RW 0 D.7 Description Reserved SSwitch clock generation Reference clock: 0x08 Sets the ratio of the PLL clock and the reference clock used by the node. 0x08: Reference clock X007547, Bits Perm Init 31:16 RO - 15:0 RW 3 Description Reserved Software ref. clock divider XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet D.8 System JTAG device ID register: 0x09 Bits 0x09: System JTAG device ID register Perm 31:28 RO 27:12 RO 11:1 RO 0 RO D.9 0x0A: System USERCODE register 60 Init Description System USERCODE register: 0x0A Bits Perm Init Description 31:18 RO JTAG USERCODE value programmed into OTP SR 17:0 RO metal fixable ID code D.10 Directions 0-7: 0x0C This register contains eight directions, for packets with a mismatch in bits 7..0 of the node-identifier. The direction in which a packet will be routed is goverened by the most significant mismatching bit. Bits 0x0C: Directions 0-7 Perm Init Description 31:28 RW 0 The direction for packets whose dimension is 7. 27:24 RW 0 The direction for packets whose dimension is 6. 23:20 RW 0 The direction for packets whose dimension is 5. 19:16 RW 0 The direction for packets whose dimension is 4. 15:12 RW 0 The direction for packets whose dimension is 3. 11:8 RW 0 The direction for packets whose dimension is 2. 7:4 RW 0 The direction for packets whose dimension is 1. 3:0 RW 0 The direction for packets whose dimension is 0. D.11 Directions 8-15: 0x0D This register contains eight directions, for packets with a mismatch in bits 15..8 of the node-identifier. The direction in which a packet will be routed is goverened by the most significant mismatching bit. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet Bits 0x0D: Directions 8-15 Perm 61 Init Description 31:28 RW 0 The direction for packets whose dimension is F. 27:24 RW 0 The direction for packets whose dimension is E. 23:20 RW 0 The direction for packets whose dimension is D. 19:16 RW 0 The direction for packets whose dimension is C. 15:12 RW 0 The direction for packets whose dimension is B. 11:8 RW 0 The direction for packets whose dimension is A. 7:4 RW 0 The direction for packets whose dimension is 9. 3:0 RW 0 The direction for packets whose dimension is 8. D.12 DEBUG_N configuration, tile 0: 0x10 Configures the behavior of the DEBUG_N pin. 0x10: DEBUG_N configuration, tile 0 Bits Perm 31:2 RO - 1 RW 0 Set 1 to enable GlobalDebug to generate debug request to XCore. 0 RW 0 Set 1 to enable inDebug bit to drive GlobalDebug. D.13 Init Description Reserved DEBUG_N configuration, tile 1: 0x11 Configures the behavior of the DEBUG_N pin. 0x11: DEBUG_N configuration, tile 1 Bits Perm 31:2 RO - 1 RW 0 Set 1 to enable GlobalDebug to generate debug request to XCore. 0 RW 0 Set 1 to enable inDebug bit to drive GlobalDebug. D.14 Init Description Reserved Debug source: 0x1F Contains the source of the most recent debug event. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 0x1F: Debug source Bits Perm 31:5 RO 62 Init Description - Reserved 4 RW 3:2 RO 1 RW If set, XCore1 is the source of last GlobalDebug event. 0 RW If set, XCore0 is the source of last GlobalDebug event. D.15 If set, external pin, is the source of last GlobalDebug event. - Reserved Link status, direction, and network: 0x20 .. 0x28 These registers contain status information for low level debugging (read-only), the network number that each link belongs to, and the direction that each link is part of. The registers control links 0..7. Bits Perm Init RO 25:24 RO Identify the SRC_TARGET type 0 - SLink, 1 - PLink, 2 - SSCTL, 3 Undefine. 23:16 RO When the link is in use, this is the destination link number to which all packets are sent. 15:12 RO - 11:8 RW 0 7:6 RO - 5:4 RW 0 3 RO - 2 RO 1 when the current packet is considered junk and will be thrown away. 1 RO 1 when the dest side of the link is in use. 0 RO 1 when the source side of the link is in use. 0x20 .. 0x28: Link status, direction, and network D.16 - Description 31:26 Reserved Reserved The direction that this link operates in. Reserved Determines the network to which this link belongs, reset as 0. Reserved PLink status and network: 0x40 .. 0x47 These registers contain status information and the network number that each processor-link belongs to. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet Bits Perm 63 Init - Description 31:26 RO Reserved 25:24 RO Identify the SRC_TARGET type 0 - SLink, 1 - PLink, 2 - SSCTL, 3 Undefine. 23:16 RO When the link is in use, this is the destination link number to which all packets are sent. 15:6 RO - 5:4 RW 0 3 RO - 2 RO 1 when the current packet is considered junk and will be thrown away. 1 RO 1 when the dest side of the link is in use. 0 RO 1 when the source side of the link is in use. 0x40 .. 0x47: PLink status and network D.17 Reserved Determines the network to which this link belongs, reset as 0. Reserved Link configuration and initialization: 0x80 .. 0x88 These registers contain configuration and debugging information specific to external links. The link speed and width can be set, the link can be initialized, and the link status can be monitored. The registers control links 0..7. Bits 0x80 .. 0x88: Link configuration and initialization X007547, Perm Init Description 31 RW Write to this bit with ’1’ will enable the XLink, writing ’0’ will disable it. This bit controls the muxing of ports with overlapping xlinks. 30 RW 0 29:28 RO - 27 RO 26 RO 0 This end of the xlink has issued credit to allow the remote end to transmit 25 RO 0 This end of the xlink has credit to allow it to transmit. 24 WO Clear this end of the xlink’s credit and issue a HELLO token. 23 WO Reset the receiver. The next symbol that is detected will be the first symbol in a token. 0: operate in 2 wire mode; 1: operate in 5 wire mode Reserved Rx buffer overflow or illegal token encoding received. 22 RO - 21:11 RW 0 Reserved Specify min. number of idle system clocks between two continuous symbols witin a transmit token -1. 10:0 RW 0 Specify min. number of idle system clocks between two continuous transmit tokens -1. XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet D.18 64 Static link configuration: 0xA0 .. 0xA7 These registers are used for static (ie, non-routed) links. When a link is made static, all traffic is forwarded to the designated channel end and no routing is attempted. The registers control links C, D, A, B, G, H, E, and F in that order. Bits 0xA0 .. 0xA7: Static link configuration X007547, Perm Init 31 RW 0 30:9 RO - 8 RW 0 7:5 RO - 4:0 RW 0 Description Enable static forwarding. Reserved The destination processor on this node that packets received in static mode are forwarded to. Reserved The destination channel end on this node that packets received in static mode are forwarded to. XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet E 65 USB Node Configuration The USB node control registers can be accessed using configuration reads and writes (use write_node_config_reg(device, ...) and read_node_config_reg(device, > ...) for reads and writes). Number Figure 39: Summary Perm Description 0x00 RO Device identification register 0x04 RW Node configuration register 0x05 RW Node identifier 0x51 RW System clock frequency 0x80 RW Link Control and Status E.1 Device identification register: 0x00 This register contains version information, and information on power-on behavior. Bits 0x00: Device identification register Perm Init Description 31:24 RO 0x0F 23:16 RO - 15:8 RO 0x02 Revision number of the USB block 7:0 RO 0x00 Version number of the USB block E.2 Chip identifier Reserved Node configuration register: 0x04 This register is used to set the communication model to use (1 or 3 byte headers), and to prevent any further updates. Bits 0x04: Node configuration register X007547, Perm Init 31 RW 0 30:1 RO - 0 RW 0 Description Set to 1 to disable further updates to the node configuration and link control and status registers. Reserved Header mode. 0: 3-byte headers; 1: 1-byte headers. XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet E.3 Node identifier: 0x05 Bits 0x05: Node identifier 66 Perm Init 31:16 RO - 15:0 RW 0 E.4 Bits Perm RO Init - 6:0 RW 25 Reserved Oscillator clock frequency in MHz rounded up to the nearest integer value. Only values between 5 and 100 MHz are valid writes outside this range are ignored and will be NACKed. This field must be set on start up of the device and any time that the input oscillator clock frequency is changed. It must contain the system clock frequency in MHz rounded up to the nearest integer value. Link Control and Status: 0x80 Bits X007547, 16-bit node identifier. This does not need to be set, and is present for compatibility with XS1-switches. Description 0x51: System clock frequency 0x80: Link Control and Status Reserved System clock frequency: 0x51 31:7 E.5 Description Perm Init - Description 31:28 RO 27 RO Reserved 26 RO 0 This end of the xlink has issued credit to allow the remote end to transmit 25 RO 0 This end of the xlink has credit to allow it to transmit. 24 WO Clear this end of the xlink’s credit and issue a HELLO token. 23 WO Reset the receiver. The next symbol that is detected will be the first symbol in a token. 22 RO - 21:11 RW 1 Specify min. number of idle system clocks between two continuous symbols witin a transmit token -1. 10:0 RW 1 Specify min. number of idle system clocks between two continuous transmit tokens -1. Rx buffer overflow or illegal token encoding received. Reserved XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet F 67 USB PHY Configuration The USB PHY is connected to the ports shown in section 10. The USB PHY is peripheral 1. The control registers are accessed using 32-bit reads and writes (use write_periph_32(device, 1, ...) and read_periph_32(device, > 1, ...) for reads and writes). Number Figure 40: Summary F.1 Perm Description 0x00 WO UIFM reset 0x04 RW UIFM IFM control 0x08 RW UIFM Device Address 0x0C RW UIFM functional control 0x10 RW UIFM on-the-go control 0x14 RO UIFM on-the-go flags 0x18 RW UIFM Serial Control 0x1C RW UIFM signal flags 0x20 RW UIFM Sticky flags 0x24 RW UIFM port masks 0x28 RW UIFM SOF value 0x2C RO UIFM PID 0x30 RO UIFM Endpoint 0x34 RW UIFM Endpoint match 0x38 RW OTG Flags mask 0x3C RW UIFM power signalling 0x40 RW UIFM PHY control UIFM reset: 0x00 A write to this register with any data resets all UIFM state, but does not otherwise affect the phy. 0x00: UIFM reset Bits Perm 31:0 WO F.2 Init Description Value. UIFM IFM control: 0x04 General settings of the UIFM IFM state machine. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 68 Bits Perm 31:8 RO - 7 RW 0 Set to 1 to enable XEVACKMODE mode. 6 RW 0 Set to 1 to enable SOFISTOKEN mode. 5 RW 0 Set to 1 to enable UIFM power signalling mode. 4 RW 0 Set to 1 to enable IF timing mode. 3 RO - 2 RW 0 Set to 1 to enable UIFM linestate decoder. 1 RW 0 Set to 1 to enable UIFM CHECKTOKENS mode. 0 RW 0 Set to 1 to enable UIFM DOTOKENS mode. 0x04: UIFM IFM control F.3 Init Description Reserved Reserved UIFM Device Address: 0x08 The device address whose packets should be received. 0 until enumeration, it should be set to the assigned value after enumeration. 0x08: UIFM Device Address Bits Perm 31:7 RO - 6:0 RW 0 F.4 0x0C: UIFM functional control Init Description Reserved The enumerated USB device address must be stored here. Only packets to this address are passed on. UIFM functional control: 0x0C Bits Perm 31:5 RO - 4:2 RW 1 Set to 0 to disable UIFM to UTMI+ OPMODE mode. 1 RW 1 Set to 1 to switch UIFM to UTMI+ TERMSELECT mode. 0 RW 1 Set to 1 to switch UIFM to UTMI+ XCVRSELECT mode. F.5 Init Description Reserved UIFM on-the-go control: 0x10 This register is used to negotiate an on-the-go connection. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 69 Bits Perm 31:8 RO - 7 RW 0 Set to 1 to switch UIFM to EXTVBUSIND mode. 6 RW 0 Set to 1 to switch UIFM to DRVVBUSEXT mode. 5 RO - 4 RW 0 Set to 1 to switch UIFM to UTMI+ CHRGVBUS mode. 3 RW 0 Set to 1 to switch UIFM to UTMI+ DISCHRGVBUS mode. 2 RW 0 Set to 1 to switch UIFM to UTMI+ DMPULLDOWN mode. 1 RW 0 Set to 1 to switch UIFM to UTMI+ DPPULLDOWN mode. 0 RW 0 Set to 1 to switch UIFM to IDPULLUP mode. 0x10: UIFM on-the-go control F.6 Init Description Reserved Reserved UIFM on-the-go flags: 0x14 Status flags used for on-the-go negotiation 0x14: UIFM on-the-go flags X007547, Bits Perm Init Description 31:6 RO - 5 RO 0 Value of UTMI+ Bvalid flag. 4 RO 0 Value of UTMI+ IDGND flag. 3 RO 0 Value of UTMI+ HOSTDIS flag. 2 RO 0 Value of UTMI+ VBUSVLD flag. 1 RO 0 Value of UTMI+ SESSVLD flag. 0 RO 0 Value of UTMI+ SESSEND flag. Reserved XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet F.7 70 UIFM Serial Control: 0x18 Bits Perm 31:7 RO - 6 RO 0 1 if UIFM is in UTMI+ RXRCV mode. 5 RO 0 1 if UIFM is in UTMI+ RXDM mode. 4 RO 0 1 if UIFM is in UTMI+ RXDP mode. 3 RW 0 Set to 1 to switch UIFM to UTMI+ TXSE0 mode. 0x18: UIFM Serial Control F.8 Init Description Reserved 2 RW 0 Set to 1 to switch UIFM to UTMI+ TXDATA mode. 1 RW 1 Set to 0 to switch UIFM to UTMI+ TXENABLE mode. 0 RW 0 Set to 1 to switch UIFM to UTMI+ FSLSSERIAL mode. UIFM signal flags: 0x1C Set of flags that monitor line and error states. These flags normally clear on the next packet, but they may be made sticky by using PER_UIFM_FLAGS_STICKY, in which they must be cleared explicitly. Bits Perm 31:7 RO - 6 RW 0 Set to 1 when the UIFM decodes a token successfully (e.g. it passes CRC5, PID check and has matching device address). 5 RW 0 Set to 1 when linestate indicates an SE0 symbol. 4 RW 0 Set to 1 when linestate indicates a K symbol. 3 RW 0 Set to 1 when linestate indicates a J symbol. 2 RW 0 Set to 1 if an incoming datapacket fails the CRC16 check. 1 RW 0 Set to the value of the UTMI_RXACTIVE input signal. 0 RW 0 Set to the value of the UTMI_RXERROR input signal 0x1C: UIFM signal flags F.9 Init Description Reserved UIFM Sticky flags: 0x20 These bits define the sticky-ness of the bits in the UIFM IFM FLAGS register. A 1 means that bit will be sticky (hold its value until a 1 is written to that bitfield), or normal, in which case signal updates to the UIFM IFM FLAGS bits may be over-written by subsequent changes in those signals. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 0x20: UIFM Sticky flags 71 Bits Perm 31:7 RO - 6:0 RW 0 F.10 Init Description Reserved Stickyness for each flag. UIFM port masks: 0x24 Set of masks that identify how port 1N, port 1O and port 1P are affected by changes to the flags in FLAGS Bits 0x24: UIFM port masks Perm Init Description 31:24 RW 0 Bit mask that determines which flags in UIFM_IFM_FLAG[6:0] contribute to port 1?. If any flag listed in this bitmask is high, port 1? will be high. 23:16 RW 0 Bit mask that determines which flags in UIFM_IFM_FLAG[6:0] contribute to port 1P. If any flag listed in this bitmask is high, port 1P will be high. 15:8 RW 0 Bit mask that determines which flags in UIFM_IFM_FLAG[6:0] contribute to port 1O. If any flag listed in this bitmask is high, port 1O will be high. 7:0 RW 0 Bit mask that determines which flags in UIFM_IFM_FLAG[6:0] contribute to port 1N. If any flag listed in this bitmask is high, port 1N will be high. F.11 UIFM SOF value: 0x28 USB Start-Of-Frame counter Bits 0x28: UIFM SOF value Perm Init Description 31:11 RO - 10:8 RW 0 Most significant 3 bits of SOF counter 7:0 RW 0 Least significant 8 bits of SOF counter F.12 Reserved UIFM PID: 0x2C The last USB packet identifier received X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 0x2C: UIFM PID 72 Bits Perm 31:4 RO - 3:0 RO 0 F.13 Init Description Reserved Value of the last received PID. UIFM Endpoint: 0x30 The last endpoint seen 0x30: UIFM Endpoint Bits Perm 31:5 RO - 4 RO 0 1 if endpoint contains a valid value. 3:0 RO 0 A copy of the last received endpoint. F.14 Init Description Reserved UIFM Endpoint match: 0x34 This register can be used to mark UIFM endpoints as special. Bits 0x34: UIFM Endpoint match - 15:0 RW 0 X007547, Description Reserved This register contains a bit for each endpoint. If its bit is set, the endpoint will be supplied on the RX port when ORed with 0x10. OTG Flags mask: 0x38 Bits Perm 31:0 RW F.16 0x3C: UIFM power signalling Init RO F.15 0x38: OTG Flags mask Perm 31:16 Init 0 Description Data UIFM power signalling: 0x3C Bits Perm 31:9 RO Init - Description 8 RW 0 Valid 7:0 RW 0 Data Reserved XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet F.17 UIFM PHY control: 0x40 Bits 0x40: UIFM PHY control X007547, 73 Perm Init 31:19 RO - 18 RW 0 Description Reserved Set to 1 to disable pulldowns on ports 8A and 8B. 17:14 RO - 13 RW 0 Reserved After an auto-resume, this bit is set to indicate that the resume signalling was for reset (se0). Set to 0 to clear. 12 RW 0 After an auto-resume, this bit is set to indicate that the resume signalling was for resume (K). Set to 0 to clear. 11:8 RW 0 Log-2 number of clocks before any linestate change is propagated. 7 RW 0 Set to 1 to use the suspend controller handle to resume from suspend. Otherwise, the program has to poll the linestate_filt field in phy_teststatus. 6:4 RW 0 Control the the conf1,2,3 input pins of the PHY. 3:0 RO - Reserved XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet G 74 JTAG, xSCOPE and Debugging If you intend to design a board that can be used with the XMOS toolchain and xTAG debugger, you will need an xSYS header on your board. Figure 41 shows a decision diagram which explains what type of xSYS connectivity you need. The three subsections below explain the options in detail. YES YES Is xSCOPE required YES Figure 41: Decision diagram for the xSYS header Use full xSYS header See section 3 G.1 Is debugging required? NO Is fast printf required ? NO YES Does the SPI flash need to be programmed? NO NO Use JTAG xSYS header See section 2 No xSYS header required See section 1 No xSYS header The use of an xSYS header is optional, and may not be required for volume production designs. However, the XMOS toolchain expects the xSYS header; if you do not have an xSYS header then you must provide your own method for writing to flash/OTP and for debugging. G.2 JTAG-only xSYS header The xSYS header connects to an xTAG debugger, which has a 20-pin 0.1" female IDC header. The design will hence need a male IDC header. We advise to use a boxed header to guard against incorrect plug-ins. If you use a 90 degree angled header, make sure that pins 2, 4, 6, ..., 20 are along the edge of the PCB. Connect pins 4, 8, 12, 16, 20 of the xSYS header to ground, and then connect: · TDI to pin 5 of the xSYS header · TMS to pin 7 of the xSYS header · TCK to pin 9 of the xSYS header · DEBUG_N to pin 11 of the xSYS header X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet 75 · TDO to pin 13 of the xSYS header The RST_N net should be open-drain, active-low, and have a pull-up to VDDIO. G.3 Full xSYS header For a full xSYS header you will need to connect the pins as discussed in Section G.2, and then connect a 2-wire xCONNECT Link to the xSYS header. The links can be found in the Signal description table (Section 4): they are labelled XL0, XL1, etc in the function column. The 2-wire link comprises two inputs and outputs, labelled 0 0 1 1 out , out , in , and in . For example, if you choose to use XL0 for xSCOPE I/O, you need to connect up XL01out , XL00out , XL00in , XL01in as follows: · XL01out (X0D43) to pin 6 of the xSYS header with a 33R series resistor close to the device. · XL00out (X0D42) to pin 10 of the xSYS header with a 33R series resistor close to the device. · XL00in (X0D41) to pin 14 of the xSYS header. · XL01in (X0D40) to pin 18 of the xSYS header. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet H 76 Schematics Design Check List This section is a checklist for use by schematics designers using the XU216-512-FB236. Each of the following sections contains items to check for each design. H.1 Power supplies The VDD (core) supply ramps monotonically (rises constantly) from 0V to its final value (0.95V - 1.05V) within 10ms (Section 12). The VDD (core) supply is capable of supplying 700 mA (Section 12 and Figure 24). PLL_AVDD is filtered with a low pass filter, for example an RC filter, . see Section 12 H.2 Power supply decoupling The design has multiple decoupling capacitors per supply, for example at least four0402 or 0603 size surface mount capacitors of 100nF in value, per supply (Section 12). A bulk decoupling capacitor of at least 10uF is placed on each supply (Section 12). H.3 Power on reset The RST_N and TRST_N pins are asserted (low) until all supplies are good. There is enough time between VDDIO power good and RST_N to allow any boot flash to settle. RST_N is fast enough to meet USB timings. H.4 Clock The CLK input pin is supplied with a clock with monotonic rising edges and low jitter. Pins MODE0 and MODE1 are set to the correct value for the chosen oscillator frequency. The MODE settings are shown in the Oscillator section, Section 7. If you have a choice between two values, choose the value with the highest multiplier ratio since that will boot faster. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet H.5 77 Boot The device is connected to a QSPI flash for booting, connected to X0D01, X0D04..X0D07, and X0D10 (Section 8). If not, you must boot the device through OTP or JTAG, or set it to boot from SPI and connect a SPI flash. The Flash that you have chosen is supported by xflash, or you have created a specification file for it. H.6 JTAG, XScope, and debugging You have decided as to whether you need an XSYS header or not (Section G) If you have not included an XSYS header, you have devised a method to program the SPI-flash or OTP (Section G). H.7 GPIO You have not mapped both inputs and outputs to the same multi-bit port. Pins X0D04, X0D05, X0D06, and X0D07 are output only and are, during and after reset, pulled high and low appropriately (Section 8) H.8 Multi device designs Skip this section if your design only includes a single XMOS device. One device is connected to a QSPI or SPI flash for booting. Devices that boot from link have, for example, X0D06 pulled high and have link XL0 connected to a device to boot from (Section 8). X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet I 78 PCB Layout Design Check List This section is a checklist for use by PCB designers using the XS2U16A-512-FB236. Each of the following sections contains items to check for each design. I.1 Ground Plane Each ground ball has a via to minimize impedance and conduct heat away from the device. (Section 12.4) Other than ground vias, there are no (or only a few) vias underneath or closely around the device. This create a good, solid, ground plane. I.2 Power supply decoupling The decoupling capacitors are all placed close to a supply pin (Section 12). The decoupling capacitors are spaced around the device (Section 12). The ground side of each decoupling capacitor has a direct path back to the center ground of the device. I.3 PLL_AVDD The PLL_AVDD filter (especially the capacitor) is placed close to the PLL_AVDD pin (Section 12). X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet J 79 Associated Design Documentation Document Title Information Document Estimating Power Consumption For XS1-U Devices Power consumption XMOS Programming Guide Timers, ports, clocks, cores and channels Link xTIMEcomposer User Guide Compilers, assembler and linker/mapper Link Timing analyzer, xScope, debugger Flash and OTP programming utilities K Related Documentation Document Title Information Document xCORE200: the XMOS XS2 Architecture ISA manual Link I/O timings for xCORE200 Port timings Link xCONNECT Architecture Link, switch and system information Link XS1-U Link Performance and Design Guidelines Link timings XS1-U Clock Frequency Control Advanced clock control X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236 XU216-512-FB236 Datasheet L 80 Revision History Date Description 2015-03-20 Preliminary release 2015-04-14 Added RST to pins to be pulled hard, and removed reference to TCK from Errata Removed TRST_N references in packages that have no TRST_N 2015-05-06 Removed references to DEBUG_N 2015-07-09 Updated electrical characteristics - Section 13 2015-08-19 Added I(USB_VDD) - Section 13 Added USB layout guidelines - Section 12 2015-08-27 Updated part marking - Section 15 2016-04-20 Typical internal pull-up and pull down current diagrams added - Section 13 2017-02-02 Updated USB VBUS wiring description with bus-powered usb-device instructions - Section 10 2017-09-19 Added Absolute Maximum Ratings - Section 13.1 Reference document links updated - Section J 2018-03-23 Incorrect IDCODE return value updated - Section 11 Incorrect VBUS signal name updated to GND in USB diagrams - Section 10 2018-09-05 Power up and reset requirements updated - Section 12 Link to IPC-7351B document updated - Section 12.3 Copyright © 2018, All Rights Reserved. Xmos Ltd. is the owner or licensee of this design, code, or Information (collectively, the “Information”) and is providing it to you “AS IS” with no warranty of any kind, express or implied and shall have no liability in relation to its use. Xmos Ltd. makes no representation that the Information, or any particular implementation thereof, is or will be free from any claims of infringement and again, shall have no liability in relation to any such claims. X007547, XS2-U16A-512-FB236