FR8204S6CTR

FR8204 fitipower integrated technology lnc. 85T 18V, 2A, 500KHz Synchronous Step-Down DC/DC Converter Description Features The FR8204 is a synchronous step-down DC/DC converter that provides wide 4.5V to 18V input voltage range and 2A continuous load current capability. At light load condition, the FR8204 can operate at PSM mode to support high efficiency and reduce power lose.  The FR8204 fault protection includes cycle-by-cycle current limit, hiccup short circuit protection, UVLO and thermal shutdown. The Internal soft-start function prevents inrush current at turn-on. This device uses current mode control scheme which provides fast transient response. Internal compensation function reduces external compensatory components and simplifies the design process. In shutdown mode, the supply current is about 1μA. The FR8204 is offered in SOT-23-6 package, which provides good thermal conductance.            Low RDS(ON) Integrated Power MOSFET (170mΩ/90mΩ) Internal Compensation Function Wide Input Voltage Range: 4.5V to 18V 0.8V Reference Voltage 2A Output Current 500kHz Switching Frequency 1ms Soft-Start Time Cycle-by-Cycle Current Limit Over-Temperature Protection with Auto Recovery Under Voltage Lockout Hiccup Short Circuit Protection SOT-23-6 Package Applications     STB (Set-Top-Box) LCD Display, TV Distributed Power System Networking, XDSL Modem Pin Assignments Ordering Information S6 Package (SOT-23-6) FR8204□□□ TR: Tape/Reel BST SHDN FB C: Green 6 1 4 5 (Marking) 2 GND LX VIN Figure 1. Pin Assignments of FR8204 FR8204-Preliminary 0.2-APR-2014 Package Type S6: SOT-23-6 3 SOT-23-6 Marking Part Number Product Code FR8204S6CTR FC2 1 FR8204 fitipower integrated technology lnc. 85T Typical Application Circuit C3 0.1μF R3 100kΩ 5 6 SHDN 3 VIN 4.5V to 18V BST LX 2 VIN VOUT 1.2V R1 4.99kΩ 1% FR8204 FB C5 10μF/25V CERAMIC C1 10μF/25V CERAMIC L1 1.8μH 4 GND 1 C4 (optional) C2 22μF/6.3V CERAMIC x 2 R2 10kΩ 1% Figure 2. CIN /COUT use Ceramic Capacitors Application Circuit C3 0.1μF R3 100kΩ 5 6 BST SHDN 3 VIN 4.5V to 18V LX VIN 2 FR8204 C1 100μF/25V EC FB C5 0.1μF 4 GND 1 L1 1.8μH VOUT 1.2V R1 4.99kΩ 1% C4 (optional) C2 100μF/6.3V EC R2 10kΩ 1% Figure 3. CIN /COUT use Electrolytic Capacitors Application Circuit VIN=12V, the recommended BOM list is as below. VOUT C1 R1 R2 C5 C4 L1 C2 1.2V 10μF MLCC 10pF~1nF 10μF MLCC 10μF MLCC 10pF~1nF 10μF MLCC 10μF MLCC 10pF~1nF 3.3V 10μF MLCC 10μF MLCC 10pF~1nF 10μF MLCC 10pF~1nF 0.1μF -- 0.1μF -- 0.1μF -- 0.1μF -- 0.1μF -- 1.8μH 2.2μH 3.3μH 3.3μH 4.7μH 1.8μH 2.2μH 3.3μH 3.3μH 4.7μH 22μF MLCC x2 2.5V 10kΩ 3.92kΩ 2.32kΩ 9.76kΩ 5.76kΩ 10kΩ 3.92kΩ 2.32kΩ 9.76kΩ 5.76kΩ 10μF MLCC 1.8V 4.99kΩ 4.99kΩ 4.99kΩ 30.9kΩ 30.9kΩ 4.99kΩ 4.99kΩ 4.99kΩ 30.9kΩ 30.9kΩ 5V 10μF MLCC 1.2V 100μF EC 1.8V 100μF EC 2.5V 100μF EC 3.3V 100μF EC 5V 100μF EC 22μF MLCC x2 22μF MLCC x2 22μF MLCC x2 22μF MLCC x2 100μF EC 100μF EC 100μF EC 100μF EC 100μF EC Table 1. Recommended Component Values FR8204-Preliminary 0.2-APR-2014 2 FR8204 fitipower integrated technology lnc. 85T Functional Pin Description Pin Name Pin No. GND 1 Ground pin. LX 2 Power switching node. VIN 3 Power supply input pin. Placed input capacitors as close as possible from VIN to GND to avoid noise influence. FB 4 Voltage feedback input pin. Connect FB and VOUT with a resistive voltage divider. feedback voltage via FB and regulates it at 0.8V. 5 Enable input pin. Pull high to turn on IC, and pull low to turn off IC. self-startup. 6 High side gate drive boost pin. A capacitor rating between 10nF~100nF must be connected from this pin to LX. It can boost the gate drive to fully turn on the internal high side NMOS. BST Pin Function Connect an external inductor to this switching node. This IC senses Connect VIN with a 100kΩ resistor for Block Diagram VIN UVLO & POR SHDN ISEN Internal Regulator VCC OTP VCC Oscillator BST High-Side MOSFET S FB Current Comp R OTP PWM Control Driver Logic LX UVLO Low-Side MOSFET Vref Current Limit GND Figure 4. Block Diagram of FR8204 FR8204-Preliminary 0.2-APR-2014 3 fitipower integrated technology lnc. FR8204 85T Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note1) ● Supply Voltage VIN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -0.3V to +20V ● Enable Voltage H ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -0.3V to +20V ● LX Voltage VLX ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ -0.3V to VIN+0.3V ● Dynamic LX Voltage in 15ns Duration------------------------------------------------------------------- -5V to VIN+5V ● BST Pin Voltage VBST --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -0.3V to VLX+6.5V ● All Other Pins Voltage -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -0.3V to +6V ● Maximum Junction Temperature (T J) ------------------------------------------------------------------- +150°C ● Storage Temperature (TS) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -65°C to +150°C ● Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10sec.) ----------------------------------------------------------------- +260°C ● Package Thermal Resistance, (θJA) SOT-23-6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 95°C/W ● Package Thermal Resistance, (θJC) SOT-23-6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20°C/W Note 1：Stresses beyond this listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings" may cause permanent damage to the device. Recommended Operating Conditions ● Supply Voltage VIN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ +4.5V to +18V ● Operation Temperature Range --------------------------------------------------------------------------- -40°C to +85°C FR8204-Preliminary 0.2-APR-2014 4 FR8204 fitipower integrated technology lnc. 85T Electrical Characteristics (VIN=12V, TA=25°C, unless otherwise specified.) Parameter Symbol Conditions Min Typ Max Unit VIN Quiescent Current IDDQ H =2V, VFB=1.0V 1 1.2 mA VIN Shutdown Supply Current ISD H =0V 1 3 μA Feedback Voltage VFB 0.8 0.82 V 4.5V≦VIN≦18V 0.78 High-Side MOSFET RDS(ON) (Note3) RDS(ON) 170 mΩ Low-Side MOSFET RDS(ON) (Note3) RDS(ON) 90 mΩ High-Side MOSFET Leakage Current ILX(leak) High-Side MOSFET Current Limit ILIMIT(HS) (Note3) Oscillation Frequency Short Circuit Oscillation Frequency =0V, VLX=0V FOSC(short) DMAX Minimum On Time TMIN 10 Minimum Duty FOSC Maximum Duty Cycle (Note3) H 4 400 500 μA A 600 kHz VFB=0V 150 kHz VFB=0.6V 88 % 100 ns 4.3 V Input Supply Voltage UVLO Threshold VUVLO(Vth) Input Supply Voltage UVLO Threshold Hysteresis VUVLO(HYS) 400 mV TSS 1 ms Internal Soft-Start Period H Input Low Voltage H Input High Voltage H Input Current Thermal Shutdown Threshold (Note3) H (L H (H H TSD VIN Rising 0.4 2 H =2V V V 2 μA 165 °C Note 3：Not production tested. FR8204-Preliminary 0.2-APR-2014 5 FR8204 fitipower integrated technology lnc. 85T Typical Performance Curves VIN=12V, VOUT=3.3 , C1=10μF×2, C2=22μF×2, L1=4.7μH, TA=+25°C, unless otherwise noted. IOUT=0A IOUT=2A VOUT 10mV/div. VOUT 10mV/div. IL 1A/div. VLX 5V/div. IL 1A/div. VLX 5V/div. 4ms/div. 2μs/div. Figure 5. Steady State Waveform IOUT=0A Figure 6. Steady State Waveform IOUT=2A VOUT 1V/div. VEN VOUT 1V/div. 5V/div. VEN IL 5V/div. 1A/div. IL 1A/div. VLX 5V/div. VLX 5V/div. 400us/div. Figure 7. Power On through 400μs/div. H Waveform IOUT=0A H Figure 8. Power On through Waveform IOUT=2A VEN 5V/div. VEN VOUT 1V/div. VOUT 1V/div. IL 1A/div. IL 1A/div. VLX 5V/div. VLX 5V/div. 4ms/div. Figure 9. Power Off through FR8204-Preliminary 0.2-APR-2014 5V/div. 100ms/div. H Waveform Figure 10. Power Off through H Waveform 6 FR8204 fitipower integrated technology lnc. 85T Typical Performance Curves (Continued) VIN=12V, VOUT=3.3 , C1=10μF×2, C2=22μF×2, L1=4.7μH, TA=+25°C, unless otherwise noted. IOUT=0A IOUT=2A VIN 5V/div. VOUT IL VIN VOUT 1V/div. 1V/div. 1A/div. VLX 5V/div. 5V/div. IL 1A/div. VLX 5V/div. 10ms/div. 10ms/div. Figure 11. Power On through VIN Waveform Figure 12. Power On through VIN Waveform IOUT=0A IOUT=2A VIN VIN 5V/div. 5V/div. VOUT 1V/div. VOUT 1V/div. IL 1A/div. IL 1A/div. VLX 5V/div. VLX 5V/div. 200ms/div. 200ms/div. Figure 13. Power Off through VIN Waveform Figure 14. Power Off through VIN Waveform IOUT=1A to 2A VOUT 200mV/div. IOUT 1A/div. VOUT 2V/div. IL 2A/div. 200μs/div. 4ms/div. Figure 15. Load Transient Waveform Figure 16. Short Circuit Test FR8204-Preliminary 0.2-APR-2014 7 FR8204 fitipower integrated technology lnc. 85T Typical Performance Curves (Continued) VIN=12V, VOUT=3.3V, C1=10μF×2, C2=22μF×2, L1=10μH, TA=+25°C, unless otherwise noted. 100 100 90 90 80 80 70 70 Efficiency (%) VOUT=3.3V Efficiency (%) VOUT=1.2V 60 50 40 30 VIN=5V VIN=12V 20 10 0 0.01 0.1 60 50 40 30 VIN=5V VIN=12V VIN=18V 20 10 1 0 0.01 10 0.1 Load Current (A) Figure 17. Efficiency vs. Load Current 10 Figure 18. Efficiency vs. Load Current VOUT=5V IOUT=600mA 100 0.82 90 0.815 Feedback Voltage (V) 80 Efficiency (%) 1 Load Current (A) 70 60 50 40 30 VIN=12V 20 0 0.01 0.805 0.8 0.795 0.79 0.785 VIN=18V 10 0.81 0.78 0.1 1 Load Current (A) 10 Figure 19. Efficiency vs. Load Current -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Temperature (°C) Figure 20. Feedback Voltage vs. Temperature IOUT=600mA 600 Switching Frequency (kHz) 580 560 540 520 500 480 460 440 420 400 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Temperature (°C) Figure 21. Switching Frequency vs. Temperature FR8204-Preliminary 0.2-APR-2014 8 fitipower integrated technology lnc. FR8204 85T Function Description The FR8204 is a high efficiency, internal compensation, and constant frequency current mode step-down synchronous DC/DC converter. It has integrated high-side (170mΩ, typ and low-side (90mΩ, typ power switches, and provides 2A continuous load current. It regulates input voltage from 4.5V to 18V, and down to an output voltage as low as 0.8V. Control Loop Under normal operation, the output voltage is sensed by FB pin through a resistive voltage divider and amplified through the error amplifier. The voltage of error amplifier output is compared to the switch current to control the RS latch. At the beginning of each clock cycle, the high-side NMOS turns on when the oscillator sets the RS latch, and turns off when current comparator resets the RS latch. Then the low-side NMOS turns on until the clock period ends. Internal Compensation Function The stability of the feedback circuit is controlled through internal compensation circuits. This internal compensation function is optimized for most applications and this function can reduce external R, C components. Enable The FR8204 H pin provides digital control to turn on/turn off the regulator. When the voltage of H exceeds the threshold voltage, the regulator starts the soft start function. If the H pin voltage is below than the shutdown threshold voltage, the regulator will turn into the shutdown mode and the shutdown current will be smaller than 1μA. For auto start-up operation, connect H to through a 100KΩ resistor. Over Current Protection The FR8204 over current protection function is implemented using cycle-by-cycle current limit architecture. The inductor current is monitored by measuring the high-side MOSFET series sense resistor voltage. When the load current increases, the inductor current also increases. When the peak inductor current reaches the current limit threshold, the output voltage starts to drop. When the over current condition is removed, the output voltage returns to the regulated value. Short Circuit Protection The FR8204 provides short circuit protection function to prevent the device damage from short condition. When the short condition occurs and the feedback voltage drops lower than 0.4V, the oscillator frequency will be reduced to 150kHz and hiccup mode will be triggered to prevent the inductor current increasing beyond the current limit. Once the short condition is removed, the frequency will return to normal. Over Temperature Protection The FR8204 incorporates an over temperature protection circuit to protect itself from overheating. When the junction temperature exceeds the thermal shutdown threshold temperature, the regulator will be shutdown. And the hysteretic of the over temperature protection is 40°C (typ). Soft Start The FR8204 employs internal soft start function to reduce input inrush current during start up. The typical value of internal soft start time is 1ms. Input Under Voltage Lockout When the FR8204 is power on, the internal circuits are held inactive until VIN voltage exceeds the input UVLO threshold voltage. And the regulator will be disabled when VIN is below the input UVLO threshold voltage. The hysteretic of the UVLO comparator is 400mV (typ). FR8204-Preliminary 0.2-APR-2014 9 FR8204 fitipower integrated technology lnc. 85T Application Information Output Voltage Setting The output voltage VOUT is set using a resistive divider from the output to FB. The FB pin regulated voltage is 0.8V. Thus the output voltage is: T =0. 1 R1 R2 Output Capacitor Selection Table 2 lists recommended values of R1 and R2 for most used output voltage. Table 2 Recommended Resistance Values VOUT R1 A low ESR capacitor is required to keep the noise minimum. Ceramic capacitors are better, but tantalum or low ESR electrolytic capacitors may also suffice. When using tantalum or electrolytic capacitors, a 0.1μF ceramic capacitor should be placed as close to the IC as possible. R2 5V 30.9kΩ 5.76kΩ 3.3V 30.9kΩ 9.76kΩ 2.5V 4.99kΩ 2.32kΩ 1.8V 4.99kΩ 3.92kΩ 1.2V 4.99kΩ 10kΩ Place resistors R1 and R2 close to FB pin to prevent stray pickup. The output capacitor is used to keep the DC output voltage and supply the load transient current. When operating in constant current mode, the output ripple is determined by four components: R PPLE t = R PPLE C t R PPLE(E L R PPLE E R t E t t The following figures show the form of the ripple contributions. VRIPPLE(ESR)(t) Input Capacitor Selection The use of the input capacitor is filtering the input voltage ripple and the MOSFETS switching spike voltage. Because the input current to the step-down converter is discontinuous, the input capacitor is required to supply the current to the converter to keep the DC input voltage. The capacitor voltage rating should be 1.25 to 1.5 times greater than the maximum input voltage. The input capacitor ripple current RMS value is calculated as: (RM = = (t) + VRIPPLE(C) (t) (t) + VNOISE (t) (t) 1 T T Where D is the duty cycle of the power MOSFET. This function reaches the maximum value at D=0.5 and the equivalent RMS current is equal to IOUT/2. The following diagram is the graphical representation of above equation. 1.25 IIN(RMS) (A) + VRIPPLE(ESL) (t) 1 2A 0.75 1.5A = VRIPPLE(t) 1A 0.5 (t) 0.25 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 D (%) FR8204-Preliminary 0.2-APR-2014 10 FR8204 fitipower integrated technology lnc. 85T Application Information (Continued) R PPLE(E R = R PPLE(E L = R PPLE(C = T F C T 1 L E R E L L E L L= T F C 2 That will lower ripple current and result in lower output ripple voltage. The Δ L is inductor peak-to-peak ripple current: L C 1 T F C T T The following diagram is an example to graphical represent Δ L equation. ΔIL (A) Where FOSC is the switching frequency, L is the inductance value, VIN is the input voltage, ESR is the equivalent series resistance value of the output capacitor, ESL is the equivalent series inductance value of the output capacitor and the COUT is the output capacitor. Low ESR capacitors are preferred to use. Ceramic, tantalum or low ESR electrolytic capacitors can be used depending on the output ripple requirement. When using the ceramic capacitors, the ESL component is usually negligible. It is important to use the proper method to eliminate high frequency noise when measuring the output ripple. The figure shows how to locate the probe across the capacitor when measuring output ripple. Removing the scope probe plastic jacket in order to expose the ground at the tip of the probe. It gives a very short connection from the probe ground to the capacitor and eliminating noise. Probe Ground 2.2 2 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 L=2.2μ L=3.3μ L=4.7μ 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 VIN (V) VOUT=3.3V, FOSC=500kHz A good compromise value between size and efficiency is to set the peak-to-peak inductor ripple current Δ L equal to 30% of the maximum load current. But setting the peak-to-peak inductor ripple current Δ L between 20%~50% of the maximum load current is also acceptable. Then the inductance can be calculated with the following equation: L =0.3 GND FR8204-Preliminary 0.2-APR-2014 PEAK = Load Current The output inductor is used for storing energy and filtering output ripple current. But the trade-off condition often happens between maximum energy storage and the physical size of the inductor. The first consideration for selecting the output inductor is to make sure that the inductance is large enough to keep the converter in the continuous current mode. F T C L To guarantee sufficient output current, peak inductor current must be lower than the FR8204 high-side MOSFET current limit. The peak inductor current is as below: Ceramic Capacitor Inductor Selection T(MA T L= VOUT T 1 L T(MA L 2 IPEAK IOUT(MAX) ∆IL Time 11 FR8204 fitipower integrated technology lnc. 85T Application Information (Continued) Feedforward Capacitor Selection PCB Layout Recommendation Internal compensation function allows users saving time in design and saving cost by reducing the number of external components. The use of a feedforward capacitor C4 in the feedback network is recommended to improve the transient response or higher phase margin. The device’s performance and stability is dramatically affected by PCB layout. It is recommended to follow these general guidelines shown as below: VOUT R1 FR8204 C4 FB R2 1. Place the input capacitors and output capacitors as close to the device as possible. Trace to these capacitors should be as short and wide as possible to minimize parasitic inductance and resistance. 2. Place feedback resistors close to the FB pin. 3. Keep the sensitive signal (FB) away from the switching signal (LX). 4. Multi-layer PCB design is recommended. 1 R1 1 1 R1 R2 6 5 4 R2 2 1 FCR C3 R1 C = R3 C4 For optimizing the feedforward capacitor, knowing the cross frequency is the first thing. The cross frequency (or the converter bandwidth) can be determined by using a network analyzer. When getting the cross frequency with no feedforward capacitor identified, the value of feedforward capacitor C4 can be calculated with the following equation: GND GND – – 1 C2 + VOUT L1 LX 2 3 C5 C1 + VIN Figure 22. Recommended PCB Layout Diagram Where FCROSS is the cross frequency. To reduce transient ripple, the feedforward capacitor value can be increased to push the cross frequency to higher region. Although this can improve transient response, it also decrease phase margin and cause more ringing. In the other hand, if more phase margin is desired, the feedforward capacitor value can be decreased to push the cross frequency to lower region. In general, the feedforward capacitor range is between 10pF to 1nF. External Diode Selection For 5V input applications, it is recommended to add an external boost diode. This helps improving the efficiency. The boost diode can be a low cost one such as 1N4148. D1 1N4148 VIN 5V VIN BST FR8204 C3 LX FR8204-Preliminary 0.2-APR-2014 12 FR8204 fitipower integrated technology lnc. 85T Outline Information SOT-23-6 Package (Unit: mm) SYMBOLS UNIT A DIMENSION IN MILLIMETER MIN MAX 0.90 1.45 A1 0.00 0.15 A2 0.90 1.30 B 0.30 0.50 D 2.80 3.00 E 2.60 3.00 E1 1.50 1.70 e 0.90 1.00 e1 1.80 2.00 L 0.30 0.60 Note：Followed From JEDEC MO-178-C. Carrier Dimensions Life Support Policy Fitipower’s products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or other medical systems. FR8204-Preliminary 0.2-APR-2014 13