M39006/22-0122

WET TANTALUM CAPACITORS HERMETICALLY SEALED - TANTALUM CASES MIL 39006/22 MIL Qualified - CLR79 Wet tantalum capacitors Hermetically sealed tantalum cases High ripple current Axial leads Polarized ELECTRICAL AND CLIMATIC CHARACTERISTICS MIL 39006/22 MIL-PRF-39006/22 Detail specification Failure rate level M, level P, level R Operating temperature Capacitance range Tolerance Voltage range –55°C +125°C 1,7µF  1200µF ±10% - ±20% 6V  125V Max. capacitance change –55°C Max. capacitance change +85°C Max. capacitance change +125°C see table see table see table Maximum DF at +25°C see table Max. impedance at 120Hz –55°C see table Max. leakage current at +25°C Max. leakage current at +85°C / +125°C see table see table Max. ripple current at 40kHz +85°C see table Max. Reverse voltage at +85°C Max. Reverse voltage at +125°C 3 volts 2 volts Max. surge voltage at +85°C 1,15 x UR DIMENSIONS (mm) Case code Without insulating sleeve D±0,41 T1 T2 T3 T4 4,78 7,14 9,52 9,52 L +0,79 –0,41 11,51 16,28 19,46 26,97 With insulating sleeve Lead length D max. E ±6,35 5,56 7,92 10,31 10,31 38,10 57,15 57,15 57,15 PACKAGING, CONSTRUCTION: see general characteristics E E 0.025 ±0,002 (0.64 ±0,05) D 0.25 (6.35) max. L HOW TO ORDER EXXELIA PN Model code M39006/22 Dash Number -0220 Vibration and shock (optional) H - = Without H = With www.exxelia.com 46 tantalum@exxelia.com Page revised 12/22 HERMETICALLY SEALED - TANTALUM CASES WET TANTALUM CAPACITORS MIL 39006/22 MIL Qualified - CLR79 STANDARD RATINGS - ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Capacitance 120Hz +25°C Case (code) Dash Number Failure Rate Level M Dash Number Failure Rate Level P Dash Number Failure Rate Level R ±5% ±10% ±20% ±5% ±10% ±20% ±5% ±10% ±20% (µF) 30 68 140 270 330 560 1200 T1 T1 T2 T2 T3 T3 T4 0003 0006 0009 0012 0015 0018 – 0002 0005 0008 0011 0014 0017 0020 0001 0004 0007 0010 0013 0016 0019 0223 0226 0229 0232 0235 0238 – 0222 0225 0228 0231 0234 0237 0240 0221 0224 0227 0230 0233 0236 0239 25 56 120 220 290 430 850 T1 T1 T2 T2 T3 T3 T4 0023 0026 0029 0032 0035 0038 – 0022 0025 0028 0031 0034 0037 0040 0021 0024 0027 0030 0033 0036 0039 0243 0246 0249 0252 0255 0258 – 0242 0245 0248 0251 0254 0257 0260 0241 0244 0247 0250 0253 0256 0259 20 47 100 180 250 390 750 T1 T1 T2 T2 T3 T3 T4 0043 0046 0049 0052 0055 0058 – 0042 0045 0048 0051 0054 0057 0060 0041 0044 0047 0050 0053 0056 0059 0263 0266 0269 0272 0275 0278 – 0262 0265 0268 0271 0274 0277 0280 0261 0264 0267 0270 0273 0276 0279 15 33 70 120 170 270 540 T1 T1 T2 T2 T3 T3 T4 0063 0066 0069 0072 0075 0078 – 0062 0065 0068 0071 0074 0077 0080 0061 0064 0067 0070 0073 0076 0079 0283 0286 0289 0292 0295 0298 – 0282 0285 0288 0291 0294 0297 0300 0281 0284 0287 0290 0293 0296 0299 10 22 50 100 120 180 350 T1 T1 T2 T2 T3 T3 T4 0083 0086 0089 0092 0095 0098 – 0082 0085 0088 0091 0094 0097 0100 0081 0084 0087 0090 0093 0096 0099 0303 0306 0309 0312 0315 0318 – 0302 0305 0308 0311 0314 0317 0320 0301 0304 0307 0310 0313 0316 0319 8 15 40 68 100 150 300 T1 T1 T2 T2 T3 T3 T4 0103 0106 0109 0112 0115 0118 – 0102 0105 0108 0111 0114 0117 0120 0101 0104 0107 0110 0113 0116 0119 0323 0326 0329 0332 0335 0338 – 0322 0325 0328 0331 0334 0337 0340 0321 0324 0327 0330 0333 0336 0339 www.exxelia.com Capacitance maximum change –55°C +85°C +125°C (%) (%) (%) Max. DF +25°C (%) Rated voltage (+85°C) 6 V - Derated voltage (+125°C) 4 V 0443 0442 0441 –40 +10.5 +12 9 0446 0445 0444 –40 +14 +16 15 0449 0448 0447 –40 +14 +16 21 0452 0451 0450 –44 +17.5 +20 45 0455 0454 0453 –44 +14 +16 36 0458 0457 0456 –64 +17.5 +20 55 – 0460 0459 –80 +25 +25 90 Rated voltage (+85°C) 8 V - Derated voltage (+125°C) 5 V 0463 0462 0461 –40 +10.5 +12 7.5 0466 0465 0464 –40 +14 +16 14 0469 0468 0467 –44 +17.5 +20 20 0472 0471 0470 –44 +17.5 +20 37 0475 0474 0473 –64 +17.5 +20 34 0478 0477 0476 –64 +17.5 +20 46 – 0480 0479 –80 +25 +25 60 Rated voltage (+85°C) 10 V - Derated voltage (+125°C) 7 V 0483 0482 0481 –32 +10.5 +12 6 0486 0485 0484 –36 +14 +16 13 0489 0488 0487 –36 +14 +16 15 0492 0491 0490 –36 +14 +16 30 0495 0494 0493 –40 +14 +16 30 0498 0497 0496 –64 +17.5 +20 44 – 0500 0499 –80 +25 +25 50 Rated voltage (+85°C) 15 V - Derated voltage (+125°C) 10 V 0503 0502 0501 –24 +10.5 +12 5 0506 0505 0504 –28 +14 +16 10 0509 0508 0507 –28 +14 +16 13 0512 0511 0510 –28 +17.5 +20 18 0515 0514 0513 –32 +14 +16 25 0518 0517 0516 –56 +17.5 +20 32 – 0520 0519 –80 +25 +25 40 Rated voltage (+85°C) 25 V - Derated voltage (+125°C) 15 V 0523 0522 0521 –16 +8 +9 4 0526 0525 0524 –20 +10.5 +12 6.6 0529 0528 0527 –28 +13 +15 11 0532 0531 0530 –28 +13 +15 15 0535 0534 0533 –32 +13 +15 21 0538 0537 0536 –48 +13 +15 26 – 0540 0539 –70 +25 +25 35 Rated voltage (+85°C) 30 V - Derated voltage (+125°C) 20 V 0543 0542 0541 –16 +8 +12 4 0546 0545 0544 –20 +10.5 +12 5 0549 0548 0547 –24 +10.5 +12 10 0552 0551 0550 –24 +13 +15 13 0555 0554 0553 –28 +10.5 +12 17 0558 0557 0556 –48 +13 +15 23 – 0560 0559 –60 +25 +25 31 47 Max. Impedance 120Hz –55°C (Ω) Max. I leak +25°C Irms Max. 40kHz +85°C Max. ESR 120Hz +25°C (mA) (Ω) (µA) +85°C +125°C (µA) 100 60 40 25 20 25 20 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 2 2 3 6.5 7.9 13 14 820 960 1200 1375 1800 1900 2265 3.98 3.16 1.99 2.21 1.45 1.30 1.00 100 59 50 30 25 25 22 1 1 1 1 2 2 4 2 2 2 7 6 14 16 820 900 1220 1370 1770 1825 2330 3.98 3.32 2.21 2.23 1.56 1.42 0.94 175 100 60 40 30 25 23 1 1 1 1 2 2 4 2 2 4 7 10 16 16 820 855 1200 1365 1720 1800 2360 3.98 3.67 1.99 2.21 1.59 1.50 0.88 155 90 75 50 35 30 23 1 1 1 1 2 2 6 2 2 4 7 10 16 24 780 820 1150 1450 1480 1740 2330 4.42 4.02 2.46 1.99 1.95 1.57 0.98 220 140 70 50 38 32 24 1 1 1 1 2 2 7 2 2 2 10 6 18 28 715 825 1130 1435 1450 1525 1970 5.31 3.98 2.92 1.99 2.32 1.92 1.33 275 175 65 60 40 35 25 1 1 1 1 2 2 8 2 2 5 8 12 18 32 640 780 1120 1285 1450 1525 1950 6.64 4.42 3.32 2.54 2.26 2.03 1.37 tantalum@exxelia.com Page revised 12/22 WET TANTALUM CAPACITORS HERMETICALLY SEALED - TANTALUM CASES MIL 39006/22 MIL Qualified - CLR79 STANDARD RATINGS - ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS Capacitance 120Hz +25°C Case (code) Dash Number Failure Rate Level M Dash Number Failure Rate Level P Dash Number Failure Rate Level R ±5% ±10% ±20% ±5% ±10% ±20% ±5% ±10% ±20% (µF) 5 10 25 47 60 82 160 T1 T1 T2 T2 T3 T3 T4 0123 0126 0129 0132 0135 0138 – 0122 0125 0128 0131 0134 0137 0140 0121 0124 0127 0130 0133 0136 0139 0343 0346 0349 0352 0355 0358 – 0342 0345 0348 0351 0354 0357 0360 4 8.2 20 39 50 68 140 T1 T1 T2 T2 T3 T3 T4 0143 0146 0149 0152 0155 0158 – 0142 0145 0148 0151 0154 0157 0160 0141 0144 0147 0150 0153 0156 0159 0363 0366 0369 0372 0375 0378 – 0362 0365 0368 0371 0374 0377 0380 3.5 6.8 15 33 40 56 110 T1 T1 T2 T2 T3 T3 T4 0163 0166 0169 0172 0175 0178 – 0162 0165 0168 0171 0174 0177 0180 0161 0164 0167 0170 0173 0176 0179 0383 0386 0389 0392 0395 0398 – 0382 0385 0388 0391 0394 0397 0400 2.5 4.7 11 22 30 43 86 T1 T1 T2 T2 T3 T3 T4 0183 0186 0189 0192 0195 0198 – 0182 0185 0188 0191 0194 0197 0200 0181 0184 0187 0190 0193 0196 0199 0403 0406 0409 0412 0415 0418 – 0402 0405 0408 0411 0414 0417 0420 1.7 3.6 9 14 18 25 56 T1 T1 T2 T2 T3 T3 T4 0203 0206 0209 0212 0215 0218 – 0202 0205 0208 0211 0214 0217 0220 0201 0204 0207 0210 0213 0216 0219 0423 0426 0429 0432 0435 0438 – 0422 0425 0428 0431 0434 0437 0440 www.exxelia.com Capacitance maximum change –55°C +85°C +125°C (%) (%) (%) Max. DF +25°C (%) Rated voltage (+85°C) 50 V - Derated voltage (+125°C) 30 V 0341 0563 0562 0561 –16 +5 +6 3 0344 0566 0565 0564 –24 +8 +9 4 0347 0569 0568 0567 –20 +10.5 +12 8 0350 0572 0571 0570 –28 +13 +15 11 0353 0575 0574 0573 –16 +10.5 +12 12 0356 0578 0577 0576 –32 +13 +15 15 0359 – 0580 0579 –50 +25 +25 17 Rated voltage (+85°C) 60 V - Derated voltage (+125°C) 40 V 0361 0583 0582 0581 –16 +5 +6 2.8 0364 0586 0585 0584 –24 +8 +9 4 0367 0589 0588 0587 –16 +10.5 +12 7 0370 0592 0591 0590 –28 +10.5 +12 10 0373 0595 0594 0593 –16 +10.5 +12 10 0376 0598 0597 0596 –32 +10.5 +12 13 0379 – 0600 0599 –40 +20 +20 16 Rated voltage (+85°C) 75 V - Derated voltage (+125°C) 50 V 0381 0603 0602 0601 –16 +5 +6 2.5 0384 0606 0605 0604 –20 +8 +9 3.5 0387 0609 0608 0607 –16 +8 +9 6 0390 0612 0611 0610 –24 +10.5 +15 10 0393 0615 0614 0613 –16 +10.5 +12 9 0396 0618 0617 0616 –28 +10.5 +15 11 0399 – 0620 0619 –35 +20 +20 12 Rated voltage (+85°C) 100 V - Derated voltage (+125°C) 65 V 0401 0623 0622 0621 –16 +7 +8 2 0404 0626 0625 0624 –16 +7 +8 3 0407 0629 0628 0627 –16 +8 +8 5 0410 0632 0631 0630 –16 +8 +8 7.5 0413 0635 0634 0633 –16 +8 +8 7 0416 0638 0637 0636 –20 +8 +8 8.5 0419 – 0640 0639 –25 +15 +15 10 Rated voltage (+85°C) 125 V - Derated voltage (+125°C) 85 V 0421 0643 0642 0641 –16 +7 +8 2 0424 0646 0645 0644 –16 +7 +8 2.7 0427 0649 0648 0647 –16 +7 +8 5 0430 0652 0651 0650 –16 +7 +8 6 0433 0655 0654 0653 –16 +7 +8 5 0436 0658 0657 0656 –16 +7 +8 6 0439 – 0660 0659 –25 +15 +15 6.5 48 Max. Impedance 120Hz –55°C (Ω) Max. I leak +25°C Irms Max. 40kHz +85°C Max. ESR 120Hz +25°C (mA) (Ω) (µA) +85°C +125°C (µA) 400 250 95 70 45 45 27 1 1 1 1 2 2 8 2 2 5 9 12 16 32 580 715 1005 1155 1335 1400 1900 7.96 5.31 4.25 3.11 2.65 2.43 1.41 550 275 105 90 50 50 28 1 1 1 1 2 2 8 2 2 5 9 12 16 32 525 625 930 1110 1330 1365 1850 9.29 6.47 4.64 3.40 2.65 2.54 1.52 650 300 150 90 60 60 29 1 1 1 1 2 2 9 2 2 5 10 12 17 36 525 610 890 1000 1250 1335 1850 9.48 6.83 5.31 4.02 2.99 2.61 1.45 950 500 200 100 80 70 30 1 1 1 1 2 2 9 2 2 4 9 12 17 36 505 565 835 965 1240 1335 1800 10.62 8.47 6.03 4.52 3.10 2.62 1.54 1250 600 240 167 129 93 32 1 1 1 1 2 2 10 2 2 5 7 9 13 40 415 520 755 860 1130 1200 1800 15.61 9.95 7.37 5.69 3.69 3.18 1.54 tantalum@exxelia.com Page revised 12/22 WET TANTALUM CAPACITORS HERMETICALLY SEALED - TANTALUM CASES Electrical characteristics CAPACITANCE TOLERANCE (ON RATED CAPACITANCE) The capacitance is defined by a rated value (CR, indicated on the capacitor) and a tolerance (generally ±20%). It defines, with the rated capacitance, the range in which the capacitance value must be at room temperature. The capacitance is measured at a 100Hz or at a 120Hz frequency under a 0,1 to 1 VAC voltage and a 2,1 to 2,5 V bias (or 9 to 10 V for UR ≥ 100 V). At room temperature, it must be in the range defined by the rated value and the tolerance. e.g.: Capacitance change vs temperature: see typical curves below. Maximum changes are given, for each type, on the data sheets. The standard tolerance for tantalum capacitors is 20%. CAPACITANCE CHANGE VS TEMPERATURE +30% Rated capacitance: 100µF Tolerance: 20% The measured capacitance must be between: 100 - (20% of 100) = 80µF and 100 + (20% of 100) = 120µF ±20% ±20% 1 C/C 0.8 ±20% 1.5 1.2 ±20% 2.2 1.8 ±20% 3.3 2.7 ±20% 4.7 3.9 6.8 5.6 8.2 +20% 0% –20% –40% –60% –80% –50 –30 –10 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 T (°C) www.exxelia.com 14 tantalum@exxelia.com Page revised 09/18 HERMETICALLY SEALED - TANTALUM CASES WET TANTALUM CAPACITORS Electrical characteristics DIRECT DC VOLTAGE LEAKAGE CURRENT The rated voltage (UR), indicated on the capacitor, is the maximum DC voltage which can be applied continuously between –55°C and +85°C. Leakage current is the residual current which flows through the capacitor after the charging time, under rated voltage. It is measured after a time not exceeding 5 minutes and is given in µA. For the types which can be used up to 125°C, the voltage must be derated between +85°C and +125°C according to the following curve. It is equivalent to the insulation resistance of the capacitor and it must be as low as possible. Maximum leakage current is a function of capacitance and rated voltage values and is given, for each type, in the data sheets. LEAKAGE CURRENT CHANGE VS APPLIED VOLTAGE UR 0. 8 U C = 66% U R 0. 6 0. 4 1 0.2 -50 -4 0 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 T (°C) 0.5 0.4 0.3 For the types which can be used up to 200°C, the voltage must be derated between +85°C and +200°C according to the following curve. 0.2 URC 0.1 140 Multiplier of leakage current 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160 170 180 190 °C 200 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 % UR - Percentage of rated voltage The category voltage (UC) is consequently the maximum DC voltage which can be applied continuously at +125°C. The surge voltage is the maximum voltage which can be applied for short periods. It is given for each type in the data sheet and is generally equal to 1,15 times UR between –55°C and +85°C and 1,15 times UC at +125°C. Tests are performed with charging periods of 30 seconds, through a 1000 Ω resistor, and discharging periods of 5 min 30s. 1000 cycles are done. REVERSE VOLTAGE Capacitors in silver cases (CT4, CT4E, CT9, CT9E) and some in tantalum cases (WT83, WS83) cannot withstand any reverse voltage: it would cause damage, more or less rapidly depending upon the voltage value. It is therefore necessary to be sure that the bias voltage is high enough to avoid that the AC voltage creates a reverse voltage (negative peak). Other capacitors in tantalum cases (CT79, CT79E, ST79, DSCC 93026, M39006/22 and M39006/25) can withstand a reverse voltage as specified in the individual datasheet. www.exxelia.com 15 tantalum@exxelia.com Page revised 09/18 WET TANTALUM CAPACITORS HERMETICALLY SEALED - TANTALUM CASES Electrical characteristics DISSIPATION FACTOR ESR CHANGE VS TEMPERATURE Dissipation factor is generally measured at the same time as the capacitance, with the same conditions. It is a function of the series resistance of the capacitor and the capacitance at low frequency. ∆ RSE 40 DF = ESR x C x 2p f 10 At low frequency, the series resistance is the sum of an ohmic part (leads, contacts, MnO2) and the dielectric losses. 4 Dissipation factor is given in % and maximum limits are given for each type in the data sheets. 1 0, 4 EQUIVALENT SERIES RESISTANCE OR IMPEDANCE 0, 1 –50 Equivalent circuit of a capacitor –30 –10 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 T (°C) R R C L Z 1/C ω ESR CHANGE VS FREQUENCY Lω ∆ RSE 0, 9 0, 8 R: equivalent series resistance of the capacitor (leads,contacts, MnO2, dielectric losses) L: inductance mainly due to the leads C: capacitance 0, 7 0, 6 0, 5 Impedance 0, 4 It is specified at 100Hz and –55°C and the formula for impedance is: 0, 3 Z =k R2 + ( Lq - 1/Cq)2 0, 2 It can be seen that: • at low frequencies, impedance is a function of capacitance • at high frequencies, impedance is a function of inductance • at medium frequencies, it is a function of the ESR 0, 1 100 1k 10k 100 k f (Hz) Maximum impedance: see data sheets. www.exxelia.com 16 tantalum@exxelia.com Page revised 09/18 HERMETICALLY SEALED - TANTALUM CASES WET TANTALUM CAPACITORS Electrical characteristics MAXIMUM RIPPLE CURRENT CT79/79E (SMD) - CT79/79E HT200 - ST79 (SMD) - ST79 HT200 - WT83 - WS83 Temperature: +85°C (+70°C only WT82) Frequency: 40kHz Applied voltage: 0,66 UR If conditions are different, use the multipliers given in the table below to calculate the new maximum current. Maximum ripple currents which are indicated in the data sheets are given for the following conditions: Frequency Temperature Peak voltage in % of UR 100Hz +55°C 1kHz +85°C +105°C +125°C +55°C 10kHz 40kHz +85°C +105°C +125°C +55°C +85°C +105°C +125°C +55°C 100kHz +85°C +105°C +125°C +55°C +85°C +105°C +125°C 66% 0,6 0,6 0,46 0,27 0,72 0,72 0,55 0,32 0,88 0,88 0,68 0,4 1 1 0,77 0,45 1,1 1,1 0,85 0,5 70% 0,6 0,58 0,44 – 0,72 0,7 0,52 – 0,88 0,85 0,64 – 1 0,97 0,73 – 1,1 1,07 0,8 – 80% 0,6 0,52 0,35 – 0,72 0,62 0,42 – 0,88 0,76 0,52 – 1 0,87 0,59 – 1,1 0,96 0,65 – 90% 0,6 0,46 – – 0,72 0,55 – – 0,88 0,67 – – 1 0,77 – – 1,1 0,85 – – 100% 0,6 0,39 – – 0,72 0,45 – – 0,88 0,55 – – 1 0,63 – – 1,1 0,69 – – CT4 - CT4E - CT9 - CT9E TYPES 2- THERMAL SHOCKS - RAPID CHANGES OF TEMPERATURE Maximum ripple currents which are indicated in the data sheets are given for the following conditions: This test is performed to check that the capacitors can withstand sudden temperature changes. The method which is used is the one with two chambers, one at –55°C, the other one at +125°C. Five cycles are performed, with 30min at low temperature and 30min at high temperature, during the periodical tests (30 cycles for CT79 type). Electrical characteristics are measured after this test. • frequency from 100Hz to 100kHz and more • temperature from –55°C to +85°C Correction vs temperature 3 - DAMP HEAT TEST If the temperature is higher than 85°C, decrease linearly the maximum value from 100% at +85°C to 80% at +125°C. This test is performed during the periodical test, with the following conditions: Temperature: 40°C Humidity: 90 to 95% DC voltage: without Time: 21 or 56 days Correction vs frequency If frequency is lower than 100Hz, apply the following multipliers to the maximum ripple currents: 75Hz: 0,79 60Hz: 0,65 50Hz: 0,55 25Hz: 0,55 Electrical characteristics are measured after this test. OTHERS RULES (FOR ALL TYPES) MECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS • the sum of the positive peak AC voltage and the DC bias voltage must be lower than the rated voltage. 1 - VIBRATIONS • the negative peak must not create any Reverse voltage (or maximum 3 volts for CT79 and CT79E types). CT9 - CT9E types • Frequency: 10 to 2000Hz • Amplitude: 1,5mm or 196m/s2 - 20g • Time: 6 hours This test is performed during the periodical test, with the following conditions: • because of the increase of the series resistance at low temperature, it is better to not apply directly the maximum ripple current but to increase this one gradually to raise the capacitor temperature. CT79/79E (SMD) - CT79/79E HT200 - ST79 (SMD) - ST79 HT200 - WT83 - WS83 • Frequency: 10 to 2000Hz • Amplitude: 3,5mm or 490m/s2 - 50g • Time: 6 hours CLIMATIC CHARACTERISTICS 1- CLIMATIC CATEGORY Climatic category defines the temperature range over which the capacitor can be used continuously, and also the number of days for the damp heat test (this test is performed periodically at 40°C with a 93% moisture rate). 2 - SHOCKS This test is performed just after the vibrations test, with the following conditions for all types: • Acceleration: 981 m/s2 - 100g • Pulse width: 6 ms • Shape: 1/2 sinewave • Number of shocks: 18 (3 in each direction, positive and negative) Note: it is necessary to derate the voltage for temperatures higher than 85°C (see page 15). www.exxelia.com 17 tantalum@exxelia.com Page revised 09/18 WET TANTALUM CAPACITORS HERMETICALLY SEALED - TANTALUM CASES Electrical characteristics RELIABILITY pV = INFLUENCE OF APPLIED VOLTAGE VS RATED VOLTAGE Reliability of a component can be defined as its probability to work without any failure, in defined conditions and during a fixed time. V 100 Reliability is not therefore only a function of the component quality, but also of the application and environmental conditions. The parameter which is the most commonly used for the reliability is the failure rate in time, generally expressed in % per 1000 hours. CALCULATION OF A COMPONENT FAILURE RATE USED IN AN EQUIPMENT 10 The calculation method on the next page uses parmeters which are given by the CNET (Centre National d’Étude des Télécommunications) in its Reliability Data Book (RDF 1993). The failure rate is calculated with parameters which are function of the capacitor (capacitance, case type, approvals, high surge current test) and others ones which are representative of application conditions (voltage, temperature, resistance in serie, environmental conditions). 1 0 0.2 Example: 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 pv = exp (( r / 0,85)2) CT79E 2200µF - 6,3 V used under 3 volts, at 40°C, in a satellite in orbit: Formula: pt = 1,2 pV = 1,38 pC = 1,4 pE = 0,5 pq = 1 r = rated voltage peak voltage l = 3 x 1,2 x 1,38 x 1,4 x 0,5 x 1.10–9/h = 3,5.10–9/h = 0,00035 % defects/1000 hours Curve pv = f (r) p = INFLUENCE OF CAPACITANCE C p = TEMPERATURE INFLUENCE t t 100 p = INFLUENCE OF APPLICATION E Satellite in orbit Ground; stationary; protected Ground; stationary; non protected Ground; mobile; soft conditions Aircraft; soft conditions Ship; soft conditions Ground; mobile; hard conditions Ship; hard conditions Aircraft; hard conditions Satellite; launching 10 1 pC = 0,9 pC = 1,0 pC = 1,3 pC = 1,4 3,3µF 20µF 1000µF 2200µF 0 20 40 60 80 100 p = INFLUENCE OF QUALIFICATION 120 q T (°C) Products approved to CECC Others products Formula: pt = exp (1,8.( t / tm)2) with: t = using temperature tm = maximum temperature Curve for tm = 125°C www.exxelia.com pE = 0,5 pE = 1 pE = 2,5 pE = 6 pE = 6 pE = 6 pE = 8 pE = 10 pE = 15 pE = 20 18 tantalum@exxelia.com pq = 1,0 pq = 2,0 Page revised 09/18 HERMETICALLY SEALED - TANTALUM CASES WET TANTALUM CAPACITORS Electrical characteristics PRODUCT SAFETY INFORMATION SHEET CONSTRUCTION This should read in conjunction with the Product Data Sheet/Specification. CT79/79E (SMD) - CT79/79E HT200 - ST79 (SMD) - ST79 HT200 - WT83 - WS83 Failure to observe the ratings, and the information on this sheet may result in a safety hazard. Ring seal 1. MATERIAL CONTENT Case to seal laser welding Wet tantalum capacitors contain hazardous materials: • Liquid electrolyte - gelled diluted sulphuric acid • Solid tantalum anode Tantalum case Tantalum-glass-tantalum seal Tantalum cathode Tantalum wire-tube-nickel wire welding The device consists of solder coated terminal wires and the materials listed below: • Silver case or tantalum case • Rubber “o” rings • PTFE spacers • Filled epoxy resin end cap on silver case products PTFE spacer Wet or gelled electrolyte Tantalum wire Sintered tantalum anode PTFE bush 2. PHYSICAL FORM These Capacitors are physically small and are cylindrical with axial leads. Glass metal seal: CT9 - CT9E Epoxy sealing: CT4 - CT4E 3. INTRINSIC PROPERTIES 3.1 Operating Wet tantalum capacitors will operate satisfactorily providing that the sum of the applied d.c. and the peak a.c. ripple voltage does not exceed the rated d.c. voltage. Ring seal Case to seal soldering CT 9 - CT 9E Tantalum-glass-metal seal There must be no reversal of polarity. The maximum ripple currents and voltages and d.c. polarising voltages are specified in the data sheets. Tantalum cathode Tantalum wire-tube-nickel wire welding Some tantalum cased devices will stand up to 3 VDC Reverse for short periods of time. A Reverse application of the rated voltage will result in loss of capacitance, early short circuit failure and may result in fire or explosion. It may also cause consequential failure of other associated components in circuit, e.g. diodes, transformers, etc. PTFE spacer Tantalum wire Wet or gelled electrolyte PTFE bush Sintered tantalum anode Ring seal Case crimping on elastomer seal 3.2 Non-Operating Silver case CT 4 - CT 4E Silver case Epoxy resin Wet Tantalum capacitors contain electrolyte which is a conducting material. Tantalum cathode If electrolyte leaks onto a printed circuit board or similar insulated support, short circuits can be caused. Tantalum wire nickel wire welding PTFE spacer All electrolytes are corrosive to some extent. No electrolyte should be allowed to come in contact with the skin, eyes, etc., and if they do appropriate medical treatment should be applied. Wet or gelled electrolyte Tantalum wire Sintered tantalum anode PTFE bush MARKING (except DSCC 93026, M39006/22, M39006/25) + Positive mark Voltage FIRCA CT 9 + + Brand Type Capacitance µF V % Tolerance Date code = year : 2 digits week : 2 digits PACKAGING In cardboard boxes www.exxelia.com 19 tantalum@exxelia.com Page revised 09/18 TANTALUM CAPACITORS General information MANUFACTURING Tantalum capacitors are, with ceramic, aluminum and film capacitors, one of the most used family. ANODE AND INSULATOR The manufacturing technology and the constant improvements in tantalum powders allow it to be the capacitor with the highest CV (product capacitance x voltage) per volume, very long life and high reliability. Tantalum capacitors are the capacitors which have the highest ratio of capacitance per volume. This is mainly due to the high dielectric coefficient of its insulator and to its large cross-section. It has also the following advantages: • Wide range of capacitance (less than 1µF to more than 10 000µF) • Wide operating temperature range (–55°C to +200°C) • Electrical characteristics stable with temperature • Low leakage current • Very low ESR for some types • Stability after long periods of storage , without any reforming The basic raw material is a high purity (greater than 99,99%) tantalum powder with a very fine granulation, compressed to form a cylinder or a parallelipiped constituting the anode of the capacitor (positive plate). The pellet is then sintered at high temperature (1200°C to 2200°C), under high vacuum (10–6 Torr), firstly to purify the powder and secondly to obtain a strong mechanical structure by a welding of the particles. All these characteristics allow tantalum capacitors to be commonly used either in large volume markets like mobile phones or computers, or in specific High-Rel applications such as space, aerospace and military. The insulating part is obtained by anodization to a depth of the tantalum surface which forms a tantalum pentoxide film (Ta2O5) with a thickness of about 16 angstroms per anodization volt. The dielectric coefficient is between 21 and 27 depending upon the anodization conditions. Its main uses are found in the following functions: • Filtering • RC time constant • Bypass • Energy storage • Coupling Tantalum capacitors can be divided into two main families and several subfamilies: Solid tantalum capacitors: • Solid MnO2 - Metal cases - Molded cases - SMD WET ELECTROLYTE: CATHODE AND ENCAPSULATION In this case, the cathode is formed by a sulphuric acid solution. The anodized tantalum pellet is impregnated with this solution and then placed in a silver or tantalum case, into which some equivalent gelled solution have been previously deposited. Wet tantalum capacitors: • Silver cases • Tantalum cases The case is then crimped on the internal PTFE gasket to make the sealing. The final steps are welding (CT79), soldering (CT9) or elastomer seal (CT4) depending on the capacitors. SOLID ELECTROLYTE: CATHODE AND ENCAPSULATION • Solid Polymer - SMD In this case, the cathode is formed either by managanous dioxide which is a grey semi conductor or by polymer solution. HOW TO USE THE SELECTION GUIDE Solid MnO2 cathode is obtained by dipping the pellets into a manganous nitrate water solution which impregnates the internal structure; this solution is then decomposed in a high temperature oven to obtain manganous dioxide. This operation is repeated several times. The nature and quality of this semiconductor are important to some of the electrical parameters (especially the serial resistance). 1 - The Technical Selection Guide can be used to select a product according to the main technical requirements. 2 - The Classification according to specification makes the link between all major standard specifications and the products. 3 - The Selection Guide by family has the same classification as in the catalogue. You will find for each type the main features, the approvals and the page number of the technical data sheet. To finish the negative plate, a graphite coating and then a silver coating are deposited on the outside surface of the manganous dioxide or conducting polymer. The positive nickel lead is welded on the tantalum wire and the negative lead is either soldered for the products with axial leads or glued with a silver epoxy for the SMD range. BURN-IN - SORTING - INSPECTION All the products are submitted to a final burn-in, with differing severities depending upon the characteristics of each type (temperature, voltage, duration). Then follows the sorting, marking and inspection operations. It can be noted that the procedures for these operations are the same for approved and non approved parts (except the periodical tests). www.exxelia.com 4 tantalum@exxelia.com Page revised 09/18 TANTALUM CAPACITORS General information TYPE IDENTIFICATION - ORDERING INFORMATION CECC SPECIFICATIONS THE COMPLETE IDENTIFICATION OF A PRODUCT IS MADE OF Some of the products which are described in this catalogue are made to a CECC specification; these documents give in detail the following information for each type: • The climatic, electrical and mechanical characteristics • The test and inspection procedures • The sampling methods and levels • The tests periods • The type (or model) • The case size • The rated capacitance • The tolerance • The rated voltage • If applicable the CECC specification number THE TYPE It can be expressed with the commercial description (CTC21E C 33µF 10% 40V) or the EXXELIA part number (TS22EC336K040F). When applicable the CECC specification number should be indicated. The reference specifications concerning the tantalum capacitors are the following: CECC 30 000 (NFC 83-100) Generic specification: fixed capacitors • Terminology • Quality Assessment Procedures • Test and inspection methods THE CASE SIZE It is indicated on the technical data sheets in front of each capacitance-voltage value and is generally identified by a letter code . It is important to give this information because there can be, for the same type, a standard range and an extended range in which the same value will be available in two different sizes. CECC 30 200 (NFC 83-112) Sectional specification: tantalum capacitors • Prefered characteristics • Quality Assessment Procedures • Test and inspection methods THE RATED CAPACITANCE It can be expressed: • Directly in µF (eg: 47µF) • Coded according to MIL specification, with: - 2 digits number for the value - A multiplying factor to obtain the capacitance in pF (power of 10) Eg: 567 = 56.107 pF = 560µF CECC 30 201 XXX Detail specifications solid tantalum capacitors • Detailed characteristics for each type CECC 30 202 XXX Detail specifications wet tantalum capacitors • Detailed characteristics for each type THE TOLERANCE It can be expressed directly in % or identified by a code letter: M = ±20% K = ±10% J = ±5% CECC 30 800 (NFC 83-113) Sectional specification: tantalum chip capacitors • Prefered characteristics • Quality Assessment Procedures • Test and inspection methods N.B.: the standard tolerance for tantalum capacitors is 20%; if no tolerance is specified, it would be considered as 20%. CECC 30 801 XXX Detail specifications tantalum chip capacitors • Detailed characteristics for each type • The list of all the detail specifications is given in the selection guide, with the corresponding type. NB: Some of the products refer to specifications which are no longer published. A 20% tolerance means in fact –20% to +20%. THE RATED VOLTAGE It is expressed directly in volts (V) N.B.: 6,3V rated voltage can be coded as 6V. OTHER SPECIFICATIONS In addition to CECC approvals, some of the products are qualified to MIL standard M39006/22, M39006/25, DSCC DWG No. 93026 and some others are listed in ESA (European Space Agency) Preferred Parts Lists ESCC EPPL I or II. www.exxelia.com 5 tantalum@exxelia.com Page revised 09/18