SATA 6Gb/s
2.5” SSD
Manual
The SATA SSD is a non-volatile, solid-state storage device. With its Serial ATA
interface and industry-standard form factors, it is a drop in replacement for hard
disk drives. The SSD delivers extremely high levels of performance, reliability and
ruggedness for I/O intensive or environmentally challenging applications.
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Revision History
Date
Revision
9/16/14
X1
12/9/14
X2
1/16/15
X3
1/3015
3/13/15
4/29/15
X4
X5
A
5/08/15
B
7/16/15
C
8/06/15
D
9/20/16
E
10/19/16
F
3/19/17
G
5/29/17
H
Description
Initial release. Revised S10
performance numbers. Updated PN
table. Added Military Purge information.
Revise Raw capacity 1024 for 960GB
and 2048 for 1920GB SSDs
Revise performance numbers per DVT
testing
Add Heading for Encryption at 2.6.1
and revise per vendor documentation
rev 1.1
Remove brand name “Element”
Add eMLC PN’s
Add photo. Update per psg
Revise power consumption table.
IOPS per IOMeter and Anvils Storage
Utility. Remove PFAIL/DATA Hardening
signaling. Changed Absolute max Vin
3.6V. Reliability table changed from 72
bit per 1KB to 120 bit per 2KB page.
Checked by
IDC
PAGE 2 change to MLC)
fix typo for the CrystalDiskMark test on
page 13 to 400MB
Add 15nm PN’s
Add VPFS22256GTCBMTL (1/29/16)
Revise logo and color scheme.
Remove temp sensor and SATA
attribute.
add enterprise PN’s and Power holdup circuit support. Add write protect.
Revise PN’s
Revise note 2 on Extended SMART
Attribute Actual Data table
Remove K die PN’S
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Legal Information
Legal Information
Copyright© 2017 Sanmina Corporation. All rights reserved. The information in
this document is proprietary and confidential to Sanmina Corporation. No part of
this document may be reproduced in any form or by any means or used to make
any derivative work (such as translation, transformation, or adaptation) without
written permission from Sanmina. Sanmina reserves the right to revise this
documentation and to make changes in content from time to time without
obligation on the part of Sanmina to provide notification of such revision or
change.
Sanmina provides this documentation without warranty, term or condition of any
kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, expressed and
implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, and noninfringement. While the information contained herein is believed to be accurate,
such information is preliminary, and should not be relied upon for accuracy or
completeness, and no representations or warranties of accuracy or
completeness are made. In no event will Sanmina be liable for damages arising
directly or indirectly from any use of or reliance upon the information contained in
this document. Sanmina may make improvements or changes in the product(s)
and/or the program(s) described in this documentation at any time.
Sanmina, Viking Technology, Viking Modular Solutions, andlogo are trademarks
of Sanmina Corporation. Other company, product or service names mentioned
herein may be trademarks or service marks of their respective owners.
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Ordering Information: 2.5” SSD Solid-State Drive
SATA
Interface
Application
VPFS22960GTCZMTL
VPFS22480GTCAMTL
SATA 6GB
SATA 6GB
Client
Client
VPFS22256GTCBMTL
SATA 6GB
Client
Useable
Capacity
1
(GB)
960
480
256
VPFS22240GTCBMTL
VPFS22120GTCBMTL
VPFS22240GTCAMTL8
VPFS22480GTCZMTL8
SATA 6GB
SATA 6GB
SATA 6GB
SATA 6GB
Client
Client
Enterprise
Enterprise
240
120
240
480
Part Numbers
NAND
Technology
MLC
MLC
Temperature
Range
(0 to +70'c)
(0 to +70'c)
TSB 15nm L-die
TSB 15nm L-die
MLC
(0 to +70'c)
TSB 15nm L-die
MLC
MLC
MLC
MLC
(0 to +70'c)
(0 to +70'c)
(0 to +70'c)
(0 to +70'c)
TSB 15nm L-die
TSB 15nm L-die
TSB 15nm L-die
TSB 15nm L-die
NAND
Usable capacity based on specification LBA1-03a and level of over-provisioning applied to wear leveling, bad sectors,
index tables etc.
Higher capacity points may be available based on customer application. Consult your local Viking Field Application
Engineer.
SSD’s ship unformatted from the factory unless otherwise requested.
1 GB = 1,000,000,000 Byte
One Sector = 512 Byte.
“y’ specifies flash capacity code
xx is a wild card to indicate customer specific BOM and/or manufacturing location
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Viking’s solid state drives are available in Enterprise and Client versions:
Enterprise SSD – An Enterprise SSD contains PFAIL hardware and firmware
that detect and manage power failures. This allows the drive to flush the
controller cache and harden data to NAND flash. No data is lost or corrupted.
Client SSD – A Client SSD does not include power failure detection or
management features. MLC NAND, as opposed to SLC NAND, can become
corrupted if power is removed during a write, also known as lower page
corruption. Therefore, a Client SSD using MLC NAND is well-suited in a system
that already manages power fail events, allowing for graceful SSD shutdown.
Accordingly, system support should include issuing a Standby Immediate
command to the SSD while maintaining power for at least 50ms.
If a Client drive with MLC NAND is used in a system that does not manage power
failures and shutdowns, there is a small chance of data corruption. Viking Client
SSD’s take sophisticated hardware and firmware measures to prevent or mitigate
such issues making the chance of corruption very small.
If the SSD controller detects data corruption, the drive will be locked. The only
way to recover the drive is to return it to the factory for reprogramming; all data
will be lost.
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Product Picture(s)
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Table of Contents
1
INTRODUCTION
10
1.1
Features
10
1.2
Block Diagram
11
1.3
SATA Interface
11
2
PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS
12
2.1
Capacity and LBA count
12
2.2
Performance
13
2.3
Timing
13
2.4
Electrical Characteristics
2.4.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
2.4.2 Supply Voltage
2.4.3 Power Consumption
14
14
14
15
2.5
Environmental Conditions
2.5.1 Temperature and Altitude
2.5.2 Shock and Vibration
2.5.3 Electromagnetic Immunity
16
16
16
16
2.6
17
Reliability
2.7
Data Security
2.7.1 Encryption
2.7.2 Data Integrity Assurance After Unexpected Power Loss
2.7.3 Quick Erase
2.7.4 Military Secure Erase / Sanitization/ Purge Routines
18
18
18
19
20
3
30
MECHANICAL INFORMATION
3.1
SSD Physical Dimensions
30
3.2
SSD Weight
31
4
PIN AND SIGNAL DESCRIPTIONS
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4.1
SSD Signal and Power Description Tables
31
4.2
Hot Plug Support
32
5
COMMAND SETS
33
5.1
ATA Commands
5.1.1 48-Bit Address Command Set
5.1.2 ATA General Feature Command Set
5.1.3 Device Configuration Overlay Command Set
5.1.4 General Purpose Log Command Set
5.1.5 Host Protected Area Command Set
5.1.6 Power Management Command Set
5.1.7 Security Mode Feature Set
5.1.8 Identify Device Data
5.1.1 S.M.A.R.T. Support
5.1.2 S.M.A.R.T. Command Set
33
34
34
34
35
35
35
35
36
39
39
5.2
SATA Commands
5.2.1 Native Command Queuing (NCQ)
43
43
6
REFERENCES
44
7
GLOSSARY
45
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Table of Tables
Table 2-1: Maximum Sustained Read and Write Bandwidth ____________________________ 13
Table 2-2: Random Read and Write Input/Output Operations per Second (IOPS) ___________ 13
Table 2-3: Timing Specifications _________________________________________________ 13
Table 2-4: Absolute Maximum Ratings ____________________________________________ 14
Table 2-5: Operating Voltage ____________________________________________________ 14
Table 2-6: Typical Power Consumption ____________________________________________ 15
Table 2-7: Temperature and Altitude Related Specifications ____________________________ 16
Table 2-8: Shock and Vibration Specifications _______________________________________ 16
Table 2-9: Reliability Specifications _______________________________________________ 17
Table 2-10: Endurance Specifications _____________________________________________ 17
Table 2-11: Military Secure Erase / Sanitize Routines _________________________________ 20
Table 3-1: Physical Dimensions __________________________________________________ 30
Table 4-1: Serial ATA Connector Pin Signal Definitions _______________________________ 31
Table 4-2: Serial ATA Power Pin Definitions ________________________________________ 31
Table 5-1: Supported ATA Commands ____________________________________________ 33
Table 5-2: List of Device Identification _____________________________________________ 36
Table 5-3: S.M.A.R.T. Command Set ______________________________________________ 40
Table 5-4: Extended SMART Attribute Table ________________________________________ 40
Table 5-5: Extended SMART Attribute Actual Data ___________________________________ 41
Table 5-6: Supported S.M.A.R.T. EXECUTE OFF-LINE IMMEDIATE Subcommands ________ 43
Table of Figures
Figure 1-1: High-Level Block Diagram _____________________________________________ 11
Figure 3-1: 2.5” SSD Case Dimensions ____________________________________________ 30
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1 Introduction
Viking SSD’s offer the highest flash storage reliability and performance as well as
support for many functional features.
1.1 Features
The SSD delivers the following features:
Seamless SATA Revision 3.2 interface support for SATA up to 6Gb/s
Low overall SSD power consumption
Supports Native Command Queuing (NCQ) to 32 commands
Compatible with all major SLC and MLC flash technologies
S.M.A.R.T.
Power hold-up circuit technology ensures no data loss resulting from an
unexpected power loss
Superior static and dynamic wear-leveling algorithm
Efficient error recovery
TRIM Support
48-bit LBA Support
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1.2 Block Diagram
Figure 1-1: High-Level Block Diagram
Notes: Support for up to 8-channels and 32 CE in the NAND Flash interface
1.3 SATA Interface
The Serial ATA (SATA) interface is compliant with the SATA IO Serial
ATA specification, revision 3.2 that supports SATA up to 6GB/s.
The SATA interface connects the host computer to the SSD subsystem.
The SATA interface runs at a maximum speed of 6.0 Gbps (Giga-bits per
second). If the host computer is unable to negotiate a speed of 6.0 Gbps,
the SATA interface automatically renegotiates to a speed of 3GBPs or
1.5Gbps.
For a list of supported commands and other specifics, please see Chapter 5.
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2 Product Specifications
2.1 Capacity and LBA count
Raw Capacity
(GB)
User Capacity
(GB)
LBA Count
16
14
27,370,224
16
16
31,277,232
32
30
58,626,288
32
32
62,533,296
64
60
117,231,408
64
64
125,045,424
128
120
234,441,648
128
128
250,069,680
256
240
468,862,128
256
256
500,118,192
512
480
937,703,088
512
512
1,000,215,216
1024
960
1,875,385,008
1024
1024
2,000,409,264
2048
1920
3,750,748,848
2048
2048
4,000,797,360
Notes:
1. Per LBA1-03 spec, LBA counts = (97,696,368) + (1,953,504 * (Advertised Capacity in GBytes – 50))
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2.2 Performance
Table 2-1: Maximum Sustained Read and Write Bandwidth
Access Type
Sequential Read, 256K
Sequential Write, 256K
MB/s
Up to 550
Up to 448
Notes:
1. Performance measured using IOMeter and Anvils Storage Utility with queue depth set to 32.
2. Write Cache enabled with DDR3 cache.
3. Refer to Application Note AN0006 for Viking SSD Benchmarking Methodology.
4. Data is based on SSD’s capacities > 250GB, using Synchronous NAND devices (ONFI or toggle mode)
Table 2-2: Random Read and Write Input/Output Operations per Second
(IOPS)
Access Type
Read, 4K
Write, 4K
IOPS
Up to 126,000
Up to 90,000
Notes:
2. Performance measured using IOMeter and Anvils Storage Utility with queue depth set to 32.
3. Write Cache enabled.
4. Random IOPS cover the entire range of legal logical block addresses (LBA’s). Measurements are
performed on a full drive (all LBA’s have valid content).
5. Performance may vary by NAND type and host.
6. Refer to Application Note AN0006 for Viking SSD Benchmarking Methodology.
7. Data is based on SSD’s capacities > 250GB, using Synchronous NAND devices (ONFI or toggle mode)
2.3 Timing
Table 2-3: Timing Specifications
Type
Average Latency
Read (at 64KB)
0.14mS
Write (at 64KB)
2.12mS
Power On Ready (POR)
536mS
Notes:
1. Device measured using Drivemaster.
2. DRQ (Data Transfer Requested) bit being asserted
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2.4 Electrical Characteristics
2.4.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
Values shown are stress ratings only. Functional operation outside normal
operating values is not implied. Extended exposure to absolute maximum ratings
may affect reliability.
Table 2-4: Absolute Maximum Ratings
Description
Maximum Voltage Range for Vin
Maximum Temperature Range
Min
-0.2
-40
Max
6
85
Unit
V
c
Description
Min
Max
Unit
Operating Voltage for 5.0 V (+/- 5%)
Ripple (0-30MHz)
4.75
5.25
100
V
mV
2.4.2 Supply Voltage
The operating voltage is 5V.
Table 2-5: Operating Voltage
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2.4.3 Power Consumption
All onboard power requirements of the SSD are derived from the SATA 5.0V
input rail.
Table 2-6: Typical Power Consumption
Capacity
Flash: TSBA19
Read()
Write
128GB
8GBx1Diex16CE
2.224
3.446
256GB
8GBx1Diex32CE
2.21
512GB
8GBx2Diex32CE
1TB
16GBx2Diex32CE
Capacity
Flash: M L95B
128GB
Idle
Partial
Slumber
0.505
0.0911
0.0911
4.31
0.566
0.0695
0.068
2.335
4.431
0.632
0.0824
0.0798
2.481
4.234
0.651
0.1014
0.1009
Read()
Write
Idle
Partial
Slumber
16GBx1Diex8CE
2.193
2.524
0.625
0.1158
0.0716
256GB
16GBx1Diex16CE
2.161
3,624
0,571
0.0675
0,0659
512GB
16GBx2Diex16CE
2.39
3.971
0.567
0.1199
0.0968
Notes:
1. The average value of power consumption is achieved based on 100% conversion efficiency.
2. The measured power voltage is 5V.
3. Samples were built of Toshiba A19nm Toggle MLC NAND flash and measured under ambient
temperature.
4. Sequential R/W is measured while testing 400MB sequential R/W 5 times by CrystalDiskMark(CDM).
5. Power Consumption may differ according to flash configuration and platform.
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2.5 Environmental Conditions
2.5.1 Temperature and Altitude
Table 2-7: Temperature and Altitude Related Specifications
Conditions
Commercial
Temperature
- Ambient
Industrial
Temperature
- Ambient
Humidity
(noncondensing)
Operating
0 to 70°C
(32 to 158° F)
Shipping
-40 to 85°C
(-40 to 185° F)
Storage
-40 to 85°C
(-40 to 185° F)
-40 to 85°C
(-40 to 185° F)
-40 to 85°C
(-40 to 185° F)
-40 to 85°C
(-40 to 185° F)
90% under 40C
93% under 40C
93% under 40C
Notes:
1. SLC flash based products may be available in the following temperature ranges:
a) Commercial temperature range of 0 to 70°C (32 to 158° F)
b) Industrial temperature range -40 to 85°C (-40 to 185° F)
2.5.2 Shock and Vibration
SSD products are tested in accordance with environmental specification for
shock and vibration
Table 2-8: Shock and Vibration Specifications
Stimulus
Shock
Vibration
Nonoperational
2.5.3
Description
500G (2ms)
Condition
Frequency/Displacement Frequency/Acceleration
20Hz~80Hz/1.52mm
80Hz~2000Hz/20G
Vibration
Orientation
X, Y, Z axis/30
min for each
Electromagnetic Immunity
This SSD is an embedded product for host systems and is designed not to impair
with system functionality or hinder system EMI/FCC compliance.
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2.6 Reliability
Table 2-9: Reliability Specifications
Parameter
ECC
MTBF
Read Endurance
Write Endurance
Value
up to 120bit/2KB ECC circuit (BCH)
~ 2,000,000 hours
Unlimited
(Refer to Endurance table)
SLC and MLC is 1 year at NAND expiration
eMLC is 90 days at NAND expiration
Data retention
Table 2-10: Endurance Specifications
Capacity
60GB
120GB
240GB
480GB
960GB
Flash Structure
8GB x 8
16GB x 8
32GB x 8
64GB x 8
128GB x 8
Terabytes Written (TBW)
32
60
107
240
465
Notes:
1. Samples were built using Toshiba A19nm Toggle MLC NAND flash.
2. TBW may differ according to flash configuration and platform.
3. The endurance of SSD could be estimated based on user behavior, NAND endurance cycles,
and write amplification factor. It is not guaranteed by flash vendor.
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2.7 Data Security
2.7.1 Encryption
The SSD drive is a self-encrypting drive (SED), with a bulk data encryption
feature that provides automatic hardware-based data security and enhanced
secure erase capability.
A self-encrypting drives, scrambles data using a data encryption key as it is
written to the drive and then descrambles it with the key as it is retrieved. This
gives the user the highest level of data protection available and provides a fast
erase simply by deleting the encryption key, eliminating the need for time
consuming data-overwrite. Data on the drive is instantly rendered unreadable.
The SSD supports AES-256 encryption and ATA Secure Erase features to
protect sensitive data.
The SSD drives support the following security features:
AES 256 on the fly support.
RSA 512/1024/2048
SHA 160/256/512
TCG OPAL SSC V1.0
2.7.2 Data Integrity Assurance After Unexpected Power Loss
2.7.2.1 Integrated Hold Up Circuit
The SSD has an integrated hold-up circuit that powers the module for short
period of time after a power failure. In the event of an unexpected loss of power,
the hold up circuit is used to supply power to the module to allow the controller
time to harden data to the non-volatile NAND flash.
Note: This feature is not available for client and industrial versions
2.7.3 Write Protect
When a SSD contains too many bad blocks and data are continuously written in,
then the SSD might not be usable anymore. Thus, Write Protect is a mechanism
to prevent data from being written in and protect the accuracy of data that are
already stored in the SSD.
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2.7.4 Quick Erase
Quick Erase has been designed to remove data under prompt and urgent
situation and is triggered by sending an ATA Command.
Input Info of Executing Quick Erase Command
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Normal Output Info of Executing Quick Erase Command
Device/Head Register:
DEV shall indicate the selected device.
Status Register:
BSY shall be cleared to zero indicating command completion.
DRDY shall be set to one.
DF (Device Fault) shall be cleared to zero.
DRQ shall be cleared to zero.
ERR shall be cleared to zero.
2.7.5 Military Secure Erase / Sanitization/ Purge Routines
Many government and military organizations such as NIST/NSA define their own
standard and procedures for performing a Military Secure Erase which overwrite
different patterns to sanitize the flash media. Some of the more common military
or government purge routines are defined in the following table and the data
security features of the drive comply with Department of Defense (DoD) and US
military data security standards.
Table 2-11: Military Secure Erase / Sanitize Routines
Standard
Action
SSD
1
Code
NSA/CSS 9-12
Erase and overwrite all locations with a known unclassified
pattern. Verify the overwrite procedure by randomly
rereading the overwritten information to confirm that only
the known pattern can be recovered.
Note 1
NSA/CSS 130-2
Erase the media and overwrite with random data 2 times,
then erase and overwrite with a character
Note 1
DoD5220.22-M
Erase the media and overwrite with single character, then
erase again
Note 1
NISPOMSUP
Erase the media and overwrite with single character, then
Note 1
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Standard
Action
SSD
1
Code
Chap 8, Sect.8-501
erase again and overwrite with single character, then
erase again and overwrite with random character then
erase again
USA Army 380-19
Erase the media and overwrite with random data, erase
and overwrite with a character, then erase and overwrite
with complement of the character
Note 1
Navy NAVSO P-523926
Erase the media and overwrite with random data, then
erase again
Note 1
Air Force AFSSI 5020
Erase the media and overwrite with pattern, repeat 3 times
Note 1
Air Force AFSSI 8580
TBD
Note 1
Notes:
1. Enabled using ATA commands
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2.7.5.1 AFSSI 5020
Pattern:
1) To erase the whole disk.
2) To fill the whole disk with random data.
Input Info of Executing AFSSI 5020 Command
Normal Output Info of Executing AFSSI 5020 Command
Device/Head Register:
DEV shall indicate the selected device.
Status Register:
BSY shall be cleared to zero indicating command completion.
DRDY shall be set to one.
DF (Device Fault) shall be cleared to zero.
DRQ shall be cleared to zero.
ERR shall be cleared to zero.
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2.7.5.2 DOD 5220.22-M
Pattern:
1) To fill the whole disk with fixed character pattern of 0x55.
2) To erase the whole disk.
Input Info of Executing DoD 5220.22-M Command
Normal Output Info of Executing DoD 5220.22-M Command
Device/Head Register:
DEV shall indicate the selected device.
Status Register:
BSY shall be cleared to zero indicating command completion.
DRDY shall be set to one.
DF (Device Fault) shall be cleared to zero.
DRQ shall be cleared to zero.
ERR shall be cleared to zero.
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2.7.5.3 USA NAVY NAVSO P-5239-26
Pattern:
1) To erase the whole disk.
2) To fill the whole disk with random data.
3) To erase the whole disk again.
Input Info of Executing USA Navy NAVSO P-5239-26 Command
Normal Output Info of Executing USA Navy NAVSO P-5239-26 Command
Device/Head Register:
DEV shall indicate the selected device.
Status Register:
BSY shall be cleared to zero indicating command completion.
DRDY shall be set to one.
DF (Device Fault) shall be cleared to zero.
DRQ shall be cleared to zero.
ERR shall be cleared to zero.
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2.7.5.4 NSAMANUAL 130-2
Pattern:
1) To erase the whole disk.
2) To fill the whole disk with random data.
3) To fill the whole disk with random data one more time.
4) To erase the whole disk again.
5) To fill the whole disk with fixed character pattern of 0x55.
Input Info of Executing NSA Manual 130-2 Command
Normal Output Info of Executing NSA Manual 130-2 Command
Device/Head Register:
DEV shall indicate the selected device.
Status Register:
BSY shall be cleared to zero indicating command completion.
DRDY shall be set to one.
DF (Device Fault) shall be cleared to zero.
DRQ shall be cleared to zero.
ERR shall be cleared to zero.
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2.7.5.5 USA-ARMY 380-19
Pattern:
1) To erase the whole disk.
2) To fill the whole disk with random data.
3) To fill the whole disk with fixed character pattern of 0x55.
4) To fill the whole disk with fixed character pattern of 0xAA.
Input Info of Executing USA-Army 380-19 Command
Normal Output Info of Executing USA-Army 380-19 Command
Device/Head Register:
DEV shall indicate the selected device.
Status Register:
BSY shall be cleared to zero indicating command completion.
DRDY shall be set to one.
DF (Device Fault) shall be cleared to zero.
DRQ shall be cleared to zero.
ERR shall be cleared to zero.
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2.7.5.6 NISPOMSUP CHAP 8, SECT. 8-501
Pattern:
1) To fill the whole disk with fixed character pattern of 0x55.
2) To fill the whole disk with fixed character pattern of 0xAA.
3) To fill the whole disk with random data.
Input Info of Executing NISPOMSUP chap 8, Sect. 8-501 Command
Normal Output Info of Executing NISPOMSUP chap 8, Sect. 8-501 Command
Device/Head Register:
DEV shall indicate the selected device.
Status Register:
BSY shall be cleared to zero indicating command completion.
DRDY shall be set to one.
DF (Device Fault) shall be cleared to zero.
DRQ shall be cleared to zero.
ERR shall be cleared to zero.
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2.7.5.7 NSA/CSS 9-12
Pattern:
1) To fill the whole disk with fixed character pattern of 0x55.
Input Info of Executing NSA/CSS 9-12 Command
Normal Output Info of Executing NSA/CSS 9-12 Command
Device/Head Register:
DEV shall indicate the selected device.
Status Register:
BSY shall be cleared to zero indicating command completion.
DRDY shall be set to one.
DF (Device Fault) shall be cleared to zero.
DRQ shall be cleared to zero.
ERR shall be cleared to zero.
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2.7.5.8 AFSSI 8580
Pattern:
1) To fill the whole disk with fixed character pattern of 0x55.
2) To fill the whole disk with fixed character pattern of 0xAA.
3) To fill the whole disk with random data.
Input Info of Executing AFSSI 8580 Command
Normal Output Info of Executing AFSSI 8580 Command
Device/Head Register:
DEV shall indicate the selected device.
Status Register:
BSY shall be cleared to zero indicating command completion.
DRDY shall be set to one.
DF (Device Fault) shall be cleared to zero.
DRQ shall be cleared to zero.
ERR shall be cleared to zero.
Manual
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3 Mechanical Information
3.1 SSD Physical Dimensions
Table 3-1: Physical Dimensions
Height / Thickness
Width
Length
Dimensions
7.00
69.85
100.5 Max
Units
mm
mm
mm
Figure 3-1: 2.5” SSD Case Dimensions
Notes: All dimensions are in millimeters, +/- 0.2mm, unless otherwise stated. Reference SATA connector
specifications
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3.2 SSD Weight
The weight of the 2.5” SSD is approximately 61 grams (1TB drive).
4 Pin and Signal Descriptions
4.1 SSD Signal and Power Description Tables
Table 4-1: Serial ATA Connector Pin Signal Definitions
Pin
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
S6
S7
Function
SGND_1
RX+ on SSD, TX+ on Host
RX- on SSD, TX- on Host
SGND_2
TX- on SSD, RX- on Host
TX+ on SSD, RX+ on Host
SGND_3
Definition
Signal Ground
Differential Signal
Differential Signal
Signal Ground
Differential Signal
Differential Signal
Signal Ground
Mating Order
2nd
1st
1st
2nd
1st
1st
2nd
Notes: Key and spacing separate signal and power segments. Pin locations and layout are consistent with
SATA specification.
Table 4-2: Serial ATA Power Pin Definitions
Pin
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
P9
P10
P11
P12
P13
P14
P15
Function
3.3V_1
3.3V_2
DEVSLP
GND_1
GND_2
GND_3
5V_1
5V_2
5V_3
GND_4
Activity
GND_5
12V_1
12V_2
12V_3
Definition
No connection (open circuit)
No connection (open circuit)
No connection (open circuit)
Ground
Ground
Ground
5VDC Power precharge
5VDC Power
5VDC Power
Ground
reserved
Ground
No connection (open circuit)
Optional 10k-ohm PD for legacy
support on old versions.
Manual
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Mating Order
2nd
2nd
1st
1st
1st
1st
1st
2nd
2nd
1st
2nd
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4.2 Hot Plug Support
Hot Plug insertion and removal are supported in the presence of a proper
connector and appropriate operating system (OS) support as described in the
SATA Revision 3.2 specification. This product supports Asynchronous Signal
Recovery and will issue an unsolicited COMINIT when first mated with a powered
connector to guarantee reliable detection by a host system without hardware
device detection.
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5 Command Sets
5.1 ATA Commands
Table 5-1: Supported ATA Commands
Check power mode
Op
Code
E5h
Security Disable Password
Op
Code
F6h
Data Set management
06h
Security Erase Prepare
F3h
DCO
B1h
Security Erase Unit
F4h
Download Microcode PIO
92h
Security Freeze Lock
F5h
Download Microcode DMA
93h
Security Set Password
F1h
Execute drive diagnostic
90h
Security Unlock
F2h
Flush cache
E7h
Seek
70h
Flush cache Ext
EAh
Set features
EFh
Identify device
ECh
Set Max Address
F9h
Idle
E3h
Set Max Address Ext
37h
Idle immediate
E1h
Set multiple mode
C6h
Initialize drive parameters
91h
Sleep
E6h
Read buffer
E4h
Smart
B0h
Read DMA (w/o retry)
C9h
Standby
E2h
Read DMA (w/retry)
C8h
Standby immediate
E0h
Read DMA Ext
25h
Write buffer
E8h
Read FPDMA QUEUED
60h
Write DMA (w/o retry)
CBh
Read Log Ext
2Fh
Write DMA (w/retry)
CAh
Read multiple
C4h
Write DMA Ext
35h
Read multiple Ext
29h
Write DMA FUA Ext
3Dh
Read native max address
F8h
Write FPDMA QUEUED
61h
Read native max Ext
27h
Write Log Ext
3Fh
Read sector(s) (w/o retry)
21h
Write multiple
C5h
Read sector(s) (w/retry)
20h
Write multiple Ext
39h
Read sector(s) Ext
24h
Write multiple FUA Ext
CEh
Read Verify Ext
42h
Write sector(s) (w/o retry)
31h
Read verify sector(s) (w/o retry)
41h
Write sector(s) (w/retry)
30h
Read verify sector(s) (w/retry)
40h
Write sector(s) Ext
34h
Recalibrate
10h
Write uncorrectable
45h
Description
Description
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5.1.1 48-Bit Address Command Set
SSD supports the 48-Bit Address command set consisting of:
Flush Cache Ext
Read DMA Ext
Read native Max Address Ext
Read Sector(s) Ext
Set Max Address Ext
Write DMA Ext
Write Multiple Ext
Write Sector(s) Ext
5.1.2 ATA General Feature Command Set
SSD supports the ATA General Feature command set consisting of:
Download Microcode
Executive Device Diagnostics
Flush Cache
Identify Device
NOP (optional)
Read Buffer (optional)
Read DMA
Read Multiple
Read Sector(s)
Read Verify Sector(s)
Seek
Set Features
Set Multiple Mode
Write Buffer (optional)
Write DMA
Write Multiple
Write Sector(s)
5.1.3 Device Configuration Overlay Command Set
SSD supports the Device Configuration Overlay command set consisting of:
Device Configuration Freeze Lock
Device Configuration Identity
Device Configuration Restore
Device Configuration Set
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5.1.4 General Purpose Log Command Set
SSD supports the General Purpose Log command set consisting of:
Read Log Ext
Write Log Ext
5.1.5 Host Protected Area Command Set
SSD supports the Host Protected Area command set consisting of:
Read Native Max Address
Read Native Max Address Ext
Set Max Address
Set Max Address Ext
Set Max Freeze Lock (optional)
Set Max Lock (optional)
Set Max Set Password (optional)
Set Max Unlock (optional)
5.1.6 Power Management Command Set
SSD supports the Power Management command set consisting of:
Check Power Mode
Idle
Idle Immediate
Sleep
Standby
Standby Immediate
Slumber
Partial Mode
5.1.7 Security Mode Feature Set
SSD supports the Security Mode command set consisting of:
Security Set Password (OPCODE: F1h)
Security Unlock (OPCODE: F2h)
Security Erase Prepare (OPCODE: F3h)
Security Erase Unit (OPCODE: F4h)
Security Freeze Lock (OPCODE: F5h)
Security Disable Password (OPCODE: F6h)
Standby Immediate
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5.1.8 Identify Device Data
The table below lists the sector data that will be returned by the SSD upon an
IDENTIFY DEVICE command.
Table 5-2: List of Device Identification
F: Fixed
V: Variable
X: Both
Default Value
0
F
0040h
1
X
3FFFh
2
3
4-5
V
X
X
C837h
0010h
00000000h
6
X
003Fh
7-8
V
00000000h
9
10-19
20-21
22
23-26
27-46
X
F
X
X
F
F
0000h
Varies
0000h
0000h
Varies
Varies
47
F
8010h
48
49
50
51-52
53
F
F
F
X
F
0000h
2F00h
4000h
000000000h
0007h
54
X
3FFFh
55
X
0010h
56
X
003Fh
57-58
X
00FBFC10h
59
F
0110h
60-61
62
63
64
F
X
F
F
8GB-128GB
0000h
0407h
0003h
65
F
0078h
Word
Description
General configuration bit-significant
information
Obsolete – Number of logical cylinders
(16383)
Specific configuration
Obsolete – Number of logical heads (16)
Retired
Obsolete – Number of logical sectors per
logical track (63)
Reserved for assignment by the Compact
Flash Association
Retired
Serial number (20 ASCII characters)
Retired
Obsolete
Firmware revision (8 ASCII characters)
Model number (xxxxxxxx)
7:0- Maximum number of sectors transferred
per interrupt on MULTIPLE commands
Reserved
Capabilities
Capabilities
Obsolete
Words 88 and 70:64 valid
Obsolete – Number of logical cylinders
(16383)
Obsolete – Number of logical heads (16)
Obsolete – Number of logical sectors per track
(63)
Obsolete – Current capacity in sectors –
Number of sectors transferred per interrupt on
MULTIPLE commands
Total number of user addressable sectors
Obsolete
Multi-word DMA modes supported/selected
PIO modes supported
Minimum Multiword DMA transfer cycle time
per word
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F: Fixed
V: Variable
X: Both
Default Value
66
F
0078h
67
F
0078h
68
F
0078h
69
F
0100h
70
F
71-74
F
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
F
F
F
F
V
F
F
F
F
F
V
V
V
V
0000h
000000000000000
0h
001Fh
0706h
0000h
0044h
0040H
01F8h
0000h
346Bh
70D9h
6023h
3469h
BC01h
6023h
003Fh
89
F
001Eh
90
F
001Eh
91
92
V
V
0000h
FFFEh
93
F
0000h
94
V
0000h
95
96
97
98-99
F
V
V
F
0000h
0000h
0000h
0000h
100-103
V
8GB-256GB
104
V
0000h
105
F
0000h
106
F
4000h
Word
Description
Manufacturer’s recommended Multiword DMA
transfer cycle time
Minimum PIO transfer cycle time without flow
control
Minimum PIO transfer cycle time with IORDY
flow control
Additional Supported (support download
microcode DMA)
Reserved
Reserved for the IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE
command
Queue depth
Serial SATA capabilities
Reserved for future Serial ATA definition
Serial ATA features supported
Serial ATA features enabled
Major Version Number
Minor Version Number
Command set supported
Command set supported
Command set/feature supported extension
Command set/feature enabled
Command set/feature enabled
Command set/feature default
Ultra DMA Modes
Time required for security erase unit
completion
Time required for Enhanced security erase
completion
Current advanced power management value
Master Password Revision Code
Hardware reset result. The contents of the bits
(12:0) of this word shall change only during
the execution of s hardware reset.
Vendor’s recommended and actual acoustic
management value
Stream Minimum Request Size
Streaming Transfer Time – DMA
Streaming Access Latency – DMA and PIO
Streaming Performance Granularity
Maximum user LBA for 48 bit Address feature
set
Streaming Transfer Time – PIO
Maximum number of 512-byte blocks per
DATA SET MANAGEMENT command
Physical sector size / Logical sector size
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F: Fixed
V: Variable
X: Both
Default Value
Description
107
F
0000h
Inter-seek delay for ISO-7779 acoustic testing
in microseconds
108-111
F
112-115
F
116
117-118
119
120
121-126
V
F
F
F
F
000000000000000
0h
000000000000000
0h
0000h
00000000h
4015h
4015h
0h
127
F
0h
128
129-159
V
X
0021h
0h
160
F
0h
161-167
X
168
F
0h
Tbd 3h: 2.5 inch
4h: 1.8 inch
5h: < 1.8 inch
169
F
0001h
170-173
174-175
176-205
206
207-208
F
V
F
F
0h
0h
0h
0h
0h
209
F
4000h
210-211
V
0000h
212-213
F
0000h
Word
214-216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224-229
230-233
234
F
F
F
V
F
F
0000h
0001h
0h
0h
0h
0h
101Fh
0h
0h
0h
0001h
Unique ID
Reserved
Reserved
Words per logical Sector
Supported settings
Command set/Feature Enabled/Supported
Reserved
Removable Media Status Notification feature
set support
Security status
Vendor specific
Compact Flash Association (CFA) power
mode 1
Reserved for assignment by the CFA
Device Nominal Form Factor
DATA SET MANAGEMENT command is
supported
Additional Product Identifier
Reserve
Current media serial number
SCT Command Transport(
Reserved
Alignment of logical blocks within a physical
block
Write-Read-Verify Sector Count Mode 3 (not
supported)
Write-Read-Verify Sector Count Mode 2 (not
supported)
NV Cache relate (not supported)
Non-rotating media device
Reserved
NV Cache relate (not supported)
Write read verify feature set current mode
Reserved
Transport major version number
Transport minor version number
reserved
Extend number of user addressable sectors
Minimum number of 512-byte data blocks per
DOWNLOAD MICROCODE command for
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Word
F: Fixed
V: Variable
X: Both
Default Value
Description
00FFh
mode 03h
Maximum number of 512-byte data blocks per
DOWNLOAD MICROCODE command for
mode 03h
Reserved
235
236-254
F
255
X
0h
XXA5h
XX is variable
Integrity word (Checksum and Signature)
5.1.1 S.M.A.R.T. Support
Data storage drives capture a variety of information during operation that may be
used to analyze drive ―health. SATA drives provide Self-Monitoring, Analysis
and Reporting Technology (SMART) features that include monitoring and storing
critical performance and calibration parameters to attempt to predict the
likelihood of near-term degradation or fault conditions. Drive manufacturers have
adopted S.M.A.R.T. to help warn system software, a system administrator, or a
user of impending drive failure, while time remains to take preventive action.
It provides the host system with the knowledge of a negative reliability condition
to allow the host system to warn the user of the impending risk of data loss and
advise the user of the appropriate action.
The technical documentation for S.M.A.R.T. is captured in the AT Attachment
(ATA) standard. The standard defines the protocols for reporting errors and for
invoking self-tests to collect and analyze data on demand. The ATA specification
is flexible and provides for individual manufacturers to define their own unique
vendor specific information. This section describes the baseline supported
S.M.A.R.T. command attributes. The information herein should be used in
conjunction with the ATA standard and related documents, which may serve as
references for topics and details not addressed here. Further, it is recommended
to consult the list of public S.M.A.R.T. attributes.
The supported S.M.A.R.T. command set is listed in the table below. See the AT
Attachment standard for implementation details.
5.1.2 S.M.A.R.T. Command Set
The supported S.M.A.R.T. command set is listed in the table below. See the AT
Attachment standard for implementation details.
Manual
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Table 5-3: S.M.A.R.T. Command Set
Value (hex)
Command
00-CF
D0
D1*
D2
Reserved
S.M.A.R.T. read attributes
S.M.A.R.T. read threshold
S.M.A.R.T. enable/disable attribute autosave
D3*
D4
D5
D6
D7*
D8
S.M.A.R.T. save attribute values
S.M.A.R.T. execute off-line immediate
S.M.A.R.T. read log sector
S.M.A.R.T. write log sector
S.M.A.R.T. write attribute threshold
S.M.A.R.T. enable operations
D9
S.M.A.R.T. disable operations
DA
S.M.A.R.T. return status
DB
S.M.A.R.T. enable/disable automatic off-line
DC-FF
Reserved (Vendor Specific)
* Note that D1, D3, and D7 have been made obsolete in the
ATA-8 specification.
5.1.2.1 Extended SMART Attributes
Table 5-4: Extended SMART Attribute Table
SMART
Attribute ID
01h
05h
09h
Description
Number of accumulated Uncorrectable errors (Range 0255) Read Error Rate
Reallocated Sector Count
Power-On hours Count (Range 0-4294967295)
Drive Power Cycle Count (Number of accumulated power
0Ch
on/off cycles)
A8h
SATA PHY Error Count (only record from power on, when
power off this value will clear to zero) this value include all
PHY error count, ex data FIS CRC ,code error, disparity
error ,command FIS CRC …..)
AAh
ADh
B1h
B5h
B6h
BBh
Max Bad Block Count (will show early bad and later bad
block count)
Erase count (average, max, erase count)
Wear Range delta [(most wear block – average wear
block)/Max P/E cycles] x 100
Program Fail Count
Erase Failure Block Count
Reported Uncorrectable Errors (ECC fail count) 4bytes 01h
only 1 bytes
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SMART
Attribute ID
C0h
C2h
Description
Unexpected Power Loss Count
N/A
Number of accumulated CRC Error (read/write data FIS
CRC error) CRC Error Count (R CRC + W CRC)
Number of accumulated CRC Error (read/write data FIS
CRC error) Number of CRC Errors
C7h
DAh
E7h
E8h
E9h
F1h
F2h
F3h
F4h
F5h
F6h
FAh
FBh
FCh
SSD life remaining
Read Failure Block Count
Lifetime Writes to Flash ((GB)
Lifetime Writes from Host (each G)
Lifetime Reads from Host (each G)
Total internal copy ECC error count
Average erase count (4bytes)
Max erase count (4 bytes)
Total Erase Count (6 bytes)
Read retry count
Do wear-leveling count
CRC error write count
Notes: Dummy is null and not used
Table 5-5: Extended SMART Attribute Actual Data
0
1
2
3
4
ID
Flag
Flag
Value
Worse
01h
05h
09h
0Bh
13h
12h
00h
00h
00h
64h
64h
64h
64h
64h
64h
12h
00h
64h
64h
12h
00h
64h
64h
03h
00h
Note 1
Note 1
Early bad block NO
12h
00h
64h
64h
Max erase count
(MAX 65535)
00h
00h
00h
00h
The value
0
12h
00h
00h
00h
Total program bad blocks count
0
0Ch
A8h
AAh
ADh
B1h
B5h
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
DATA
0
0
0
0
Power on hour
ECC error
0
0
Threshold
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
32h
32h
00h
Power on/off cycles
0
0
0
00h
SATA PHY error count
0
0
0
00h
Later bad block
NO
0
0Ah
00
0
00h
0
0
00h
0
0
00h
0
0
0
0
0
Average erase
count
(MAX 65535)
Manual
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0
1
2
3
4
ID
Flag
Flag
Value
Worse
32h
00h
00h
00h
Total erase bad blocks count
0
0
0
00h
03h
00h
00h
00h
Total ECC error count
0
0
0
00h
12h
00h
64h
64h
number of accidental power loss count
0
0
0
00h
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
N/A
12h
00h
64h
64h
CRC Error Count (R CRC + W CRC)
0
0
0
00h
0Bh
00h
64h
64h
Number of CRC Error
0
0
0
32h
13h
00h
64h
64h
0
0
0
00h
0Bh
00h
64h
64h
0
0
0
00h
0Bh
00h
64h
64h
0
0
0
00h
32h
00h
00h
00h
0
0
0
00h
32h
00h
00h
00h
0
0
0
00h
02h
00h
64h
64h
0
0
0
00h
02h
00h
64h
64h
0
0
0
00h
02h
00h
64h
64h
0
0
0
00h
02h
00h
64h
64h
Total Erase Count
0
00h
02h
00h
64h
64h
Read retry Count
0
00h
02h
00h
64h
64h
Cool down Count
0
00h
02h
00h
64h
64h
CRC write Count
0
00h
B6h
BBh
C0h
C2h
C7h
DAh
E7h
E8h
E9h
F1h
F2h
F3h
F4h
F5h
F6h
FAh
FBh
FCh
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
DATA
N/A
Threshold
N/A
% SSD life remaining (Note 2)
Total Read bad Block Count
Flash write 64GB each count
Host write 64GB count
Host read 64GB count)
Total internal copy ecc error count
Total Average erase count
Max erase count
N/A
Note 1 Formula:
MABN: Maximum acceptable bad block number
CBBN: Current bad block number
Value = ((MABN – CBBN)/ (MABN )) x 100
This formula calculates percentage of spare blocks. Value will be from 100 to 1
Note 2 Formula:
Average erase count / MAX erase count (SLC PE, MLC PE) * 100 (percentage)
Micron L95B or Toshiba 15nm MLC PE is 3000
SLC PE is 100000
Manual
PSFS22xxxGTxxx
Revision H
5/29/17
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5.1.2.2 Off-line Mode
SSD’s support the optional 28-bit S.M.A.R.T. EXECUTION OFF-LINE
IMMEDIATE (B0h/D4h) command per the ATA-8 specification. This command
causes the SSD to initiate the collection of S.M.A.R.T. data in an off-line mode
and then preserves this data across power and reset events. Supported
subcommands include those shown in the table below. Reference the ATA-8
specification for subcommand detail.
Table 5-6: Supported S.M.A.R.T. EXECUTE OFF-LINE IMMEDIATE
Subcommands
Value
Description
00h
01h
02h
04h
Execute S.M.A.R.T. off-line routine immediately in off-line mode
Execute S.M.A.R.T. Short self-test routine immediately in off-line mode
Execute S.M.A.R.T. Extended self-test routine immediately in off-line mode
Execute S.M.A.R.T. Selective self-test routine immediately in off-line mode
7Fh
81h
82h
84h
Abort off-line mode self-test routine
Execute S.M.A.R.T. Short self-test routine immediately in captive mode
Execute S.M.A.R.T. Extended self-test routine immediately in captive mode
Execute S.M.A.R.T. Selective self-test routine immediately in captive mode
5.2 SATA Commands
The SATA Revision 3 specification is a super set of the ATA/ATAPI-7
specification with regard to supported commands. SSD’s support the following
features that are unique to the SATA specification.
5.2.1 Native Command Queuing (NCQ)
SSD’s support the Native Command Queuing (NCQ) command set, which
consists of
READ FPDMA QUEUED
WRITE FPDMA QUEUED
Notes: With a maximum queue depth less than or equal to 32.
Manual
PSFS22xxxGTxxx
Revision H
5/29/17
Viking Technology
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6 References
Serial ATA Specification, Revision 3.2
Manual
PSFS22xxxGTxxx
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7 Glossary
This document incorporates many industry- and device-specific words. Use the
following list to define a variety of terms and acronyms.
Term
Definition
ATA
ATAPI
Advanced Technology Attachment
Advanced Technology Attachment Packet Interface
Bit error rate, or percentage of bits that have errors relative to the total number of bits
received
Device Initiated Link Power Management. The ability of the device to request SATA link
power state changes.
Direct Memory Access
Enterprise Multi-Level Cell
Extended
First Party
9
Giga-byte defined as 1x10 bytes
Hard Disk Drive
A term used to describe the removal or insertion of a SATA storage drive when the
system is powered on.
Input output operations per second
Logical Block Address
6
Mega-bytes defined as 1x10 bytes
Multi-Level Cell
Mean Time Between Failures
Native Command Queuing. The ability of the SATA hard drive to queue and re-order
commands to maximize execution efficiency.
No Operation
Operating System
The point at which a SATA drive physically connects to the SATA controller.
Root Mean Squared
Revolutions Per Minute
Serial Attached SCSI
Serial ATA
Small Form Factor
Single Level Cell
Self-Monitoring, Analysis and Reporting Technology: an open standard for developing
hard drives and software systems that automatically monitors a hard drive’s health and
reports potential problems.
Solid-State Drive
BER
DIPM
DMA
eMLC
EXT
FP
GB
HDD
Hot Plug
IOPS
LBA
MB
MLC
MTBF
NCQ
NOP
OS
Port
RMS
RPM
SAS
SATA
SFF
SLC
S.M.A.R.T.
SSD
Manual
PSFS22xxxGTxxx
Revision H
5/29/17
Viking Technology
Page 45 of 45
www.vikingtechnology.com
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