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MAX2659
GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifier
General Description
The MAX2659 high-gain, low-noise amplifier (LNA) is
designed for GPS, Galileo, and GLONASS applications.
Designed in Maxim’s advanced SiGe process, the device
achieves a 20.5dB gain and an ultra-low-noise figure of
0.8dB while maximizing the input-referred 1dB compression
point and the 3rd-order intercept point at -12dBm and
-5dBm, respectively.
The MAX2659 operates from a +1.6V to +3.6V single supply
and consumes only 4.1mA. The shutdown feature in the
device reduces the supply current to be less than 1μA. The
MAX2659 is available in a very small, lead-free, RoHScompliant, 1.5mm x 1.0mm x 0.75mm, 6-pin μDFN package.
Applications
●●
●●
●●
●●
●●
●●
●●
●●
Automotive Navigation
Location-Enabled Mobile Devices
Telematics (Asset Tracking and Management)
Personal Navigation Device (PND)
Cellular Phones with GPS
Notebook PC/Ultra-Mobile PC
Recreational, Marine Navigation
Avionics
Benefits and Features
●● Improves System Performance
• Ultra-Low 0.8dB Noise Figure
• High-Power 20.5dB Gain
• Wide 1.6V to 3.6V Supply Range
●● Lowers System Cost With Low Bill of Materials and
Small Size
• Integrated 50Ω Output Matching Circuit
• Small 1.5mm x 1.0mm Footprint
• Thin 0.75mm Profile
●● Reduces Power Consumption
• Low 4.1mA Supply Current
• Power-Shutdown Control Mode to Eliminate the
Need for External Supply Switch
●● AEC-Q100 (MAX2659ELT/V+ Only)
Ordering Information
PART
TEMP RANGE
PIN-PACKAGE
MAX2659ELT+
-40°C to +85°C
6 μDFN
MAX2659ELT/V+
-40°C to +85°C
6 μDFN
+Denotes lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.
/V denotes an automotive qualified part.
Pin Configuration/Functional Diagram/Typical Application Circuit
+
GND
GND
MAX2659
1
6
2
5
RFOUT
RF
OUTPUT
SHDN
LOGIC
CONTROL
VCC
RF
INPUT
RFIN
C1
L1
3
BIAS
VCC
C2
L1 = 6.8nH
C1 = 470pF
C2 = 33nF
19-0797; Rev 7; 5/18
4
MAX2659
GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifier
Absolute Maximum Ratings
VCC to GND..........................................................-0.3V to +4.2V
Other Pins to GND
Except RFIN...................... -0.3V to (+ Operating VCC + 0.3V)
RFIN to GND..........................................................................+1V
Maximum RF Input Power...............................................+10dBm
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C)
6-Pin μDFN (derates 2.1mW/°C above +70°C)............167mW
Operating Temperature Range............................ -40°C to +85°C
Junction Temperature.......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range............................. -65°C to +160°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................. +260°C
Soldering Temperature (reflow)........................................+260°C
CAUTION! ESD SENSITIVE DEVICE
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these
or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
Package Information
uDFN-6
PACKAGE CODE
T833+2
Outline Number
21-0147
Land Pattern Number
90-0084
Thermal Resistance, Single-Layer Board:
Junction to Ambient (θJA)
N/A
Junction to Case (θJC)
N/A
Thermal Resistance, Four-Layer Board:
Junction to Ambient (θJA)
477°C/W
Junction to Case (θJC)
122°C/W
For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note that a “+”,
“#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing
pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status.
Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a four-layer board.
For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to www.maximintegrated.com/thermal-tutorial.
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Maxim Integrated │ 2
MAX2659
GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifier
DC Electrical Characteristics
(MAX2659 EV kit; VCC = 1.6V to 3.6V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, no RF signals are applied. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V and
TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
Supply Voltage
Supply Current
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
1.6
2.85
3.6
V
4.1
5.6
mA
1
µA
SHDN = high
Shutdown mode, SHDN = low
Digital Input-Logic High
1.1
V
Digital Input-Logic Low
Digital Input Current
RFIN DC Voltage
SHDN = high
0.4
V
1
µA
0.83
V
AC Electrical Characteristics
(MAX2659 EV kit; VCC = 1.6V to 3.6V, TA = -40°C to +85°C, fRFIN = 1575.42MHz. Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V and TA = +25°C,
unless otherwise noted.) (Note 1)
PARAMETER
RF Frequency
Power Gain
CONDITIONS
MIN
L1 band
TYP
MAX
1575.42
VCC = 2.85V
17
20.5
VCC = 1.6V
16.5
20.5
UNITS
MHz
dB
Noise Figure
(Note 2)
0.8
dB
3rd-Order Input Intercept Point
(Note 3)
-5
dBm
Input 1dB Compression point
(Note 4)
-12
dBm
Input Return Loss
(Note 2)
10
15
dB
Output Return Loss
(Note 2)
10
25
dB
Reverse Isolation
(Note 2)
32
dB
Note 1: Min and Max limits guaranteed by test at TA = +25°C and guaranteed by design and characterization at TA = -40°C and
TA = +85°C.
Note 2: Guaranteed by design and characterization.
Note 3: Measured with the two tones located at 5MHz and 10MHz offset from the center of the GPS band with -40dBm/tone.
Note 4: Measured with a tone located at 5MHz offset from the center of the GPS band.
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Maxim Integrated │ 3
MAX2659
GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifier
Typical Operating Characteristics
(MAX2659 EV kit; Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V, TA = +25°C, and fRFIN = 1575.42MHz, unless otherwise noted.)
4.3
20
20.8
+25°C
3.9
-40°C
10
5
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
-15
10
35
60
0
85
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
OUTPUT RETURN LOSS
vs. RF FREQUENCY
REVERSE ISOLATION
vs. RF FREQUENCY
-15
-20
-25
-30
-35
-40
500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
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-30
-40
-50
-15
-20
-25
-3.5
-4.0
-70
-6.0
500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500
IIP3 vs. TEMPERATURE
TWO TONES LOCATED AT 5MHz AND
10MHz OFFSET WITH -40dBm/TONE
-5.0
-5.5
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500
-4.5
-60
-80
MAX2659 toc06
-10
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
IIP3 (dBm)
-10
-20
-5
-30
MAX2659 toc08
MAX2659 toc07
-5
0
1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4
TEMPERATURE (°C)
REVERSE ISOLATION |S12| (dB)
-40
0
-45
NOISE FIGURE vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
MAX2659 toc09
0.8
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
INPUT RETURN LOSS
vs. RF FREQUENCY
1.0
NOISE FIGURE (dB)
1.0
1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4
RF FREQUENCY (MHz)
INPUT RETURN LOSS |S11| (dB)
MAX2659 toc04
1.2
20.0
500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500
MAX2659 toc05
-10
2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4
NOISE FIGURE vs. TEMPERATURE
1.2
20.4
20.2
-5
1.6 1.8 2.0
20.6
0
3.7
0
GAIN (dB)
GAIN (dB)
4.1
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
NOISE FIGURE (dB)
GAIN vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
21.0
15
3.5
OUTPUT RETURN LOSS |S22| (dB)
GAIN vs. RF FREQUENCY
MAX2659 toc03
MAX2659 toc01
+85°C
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
25
MAX2659 toc02
SUPPLY CURRENT vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
4.5
-6.5
-40
-15
10
35
60
85
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Maxim Integrated │ 4
MAX2659
GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifier
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(MAX2659 EV kit; Typical values are at VCC = 2.85V, TA = +25°C, and fRFIN = 1575.42MHz, unless otherwise noted.)
-6
-7
MAX2659 toc11
-12
-13
-15
1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4
-40
35
60
INPUT P1dB COMPRESSION
vs. TEMPERATURE
INPUT P1dB COMPRESSION
vs. JAMMER FREQUENCY
-11
-12
-13
85
0
-14
-5
-10
-15
-20
-25
-40
-15
10
35
60
-30
85
500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 2000 2250 2500
TEMPERATURE (°C)
JAMMER FREQUENCY (MHz)
MAX2659 toc14
3.5
3.0
3.0
2.5
2.0
2.0
NF (dB)
2.5
1.5
1.5
1.0
1.0
0.5
0.5
-30
-25
-20
-15
JAMMER POWER (dBm)
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-10
-5
NF vs. JAMMER POWER AT 1850MHz
MAX2659 toc15
NF vs. JAMMER POWER AT 850MHz
3.5
NF (dB)
10
TEMPERATURE (°C)
-10
0
-15
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
MAX2659 toc11
P1dB COMPRESSION (dBm)
-11
-14
-9
-15
-10
MAX2659 toc13
-8
P1dB COMPRESSION (dBm)
-5
-9
P1dB COMPRESSION (dBm)
IIP3 (dBm)
-4
TWO TONES LOCATED AT 5MHz AND
10MHz OFFSET WITH -40dBm/TONE
MAX2659 toc10
-3
INPUT P1dB COMPRESSION
vs. TEMPERATURE
IIP3 vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
0
-30
-25
-20
-15
-10
JAMMER POWER (dBm)
Maxim Integrated │ 5
MAX2659
GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifier
Pin Description
PIN
NAME
FUNCTION
1, 2
GND
Ground. Connect to the PCB ground plane.
3
RFIN
RF Input. Requires a DC-blocking capacitor and external matching components.
4
VCC
Supply Voltage. Bypass to ground with a 33nF capacitor as close as possible to the IC.
5
SHDN
Shutdown Input. A logic-low disables the device.
6
RFOUT
RF Output. RFOUT is internally matched to 50Ω and incorporates an internal DC-blocking capacitor.
Detailed Description
Shutdown
The MAX2659 is an LNA designed for GPS L1, GALILEO,
and GLONASS applications. The device features a
power-shutdown control mode to eliminate the need for
an external supply switch. The device achieves a 20.5dB
gain and an ultra-low-noise figure of 0.8dB. The MAX2659
consumes approximately 4.1mA while providing a IP1dB
of -12dBm and an IIP3 of -5dBm.
Input and Output Matching
The MAX2659 requires an off-chip input matching. Only a
6.8nH inductor in series with a DC-blocking capacitor is needed to form the input matching circuit. The Typical Application
Circuit diagram shows the recommended input-matching
network. These values are optimized for the best simultaneous gain, noise figure, and return loss performance. Table 1
lists typical device S11 values. The MAX2659 integrates an
on-chip output matching to 50Ω at the output, eliminating the
need for external matching components.
Applications Information
A properly designed PC board (PCB) is essential to any
RF microwave circuit. Use controlled-impedance lines on
all high-frequency inputs and outputs. Bypass VCC with
decoupling capacitors located close to the device. For long
VCC lines, it may be necessary to add decoupling capacitors. Locate these additional capacitors further away from
the device package. Proper grounding of the GND pins is
essential. If the PCB uses a topside RF ground, connect it
directly to the GND pins. For a board where the ground is
not on the component layer, connect the GND pins to the
board with multiple vias close to the package.
Chip Information
Table 1. Typical S11 Values
FREQUENCY (MHz)
REAL S11
IMAGINARY S11
1000
-0.58
-j0.52
1100
-0.68
-j0.356
1200
-0.74
-j0.16
1300
-0.74
j0.036
1400
-0.676
j0.22
1500
-0.56
j0.36
1575
-0.47
j0.415
1600
-0.44
j0.43
1700
-0.36
j0.467
1800
-0.3
j0.51
1900
-0.228
j0.567
2000
-0.14
j0.622
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The MAX2659 includes a shutdown feature to turn off the
entire chip. Apply a logic high to SHDN pin to place the
part in the active mode and a logic low to place the part in
the shutdown mode.
PROCESS: SiGe BiCMOS
Package Information
For the latest package outline information and land patterns
(footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note
that a “+”, “#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status
only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but
the drawing pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status.
PACKAGE
TYPE
PACKAGE
CODE
OUTLINE
NO.
LAND
PATTERN NO.
6 μDFN
L611+2
21-0147
90-0084
Maxim Integrated │ 6
MAX2659
GPS/GNSS Low-Noise Amplifier
Revision History
REVISION
NUMBER
REVISION
DATE
PAGES
CHANGED
0
4/07
Initial release
—
1
5/08
Updated Digital Input-Logic High specification and added RFIN DC
Voltage specification in DC Electrical Characteristics table
2
2
9/09
Added MAX2659ELT/V+ to Ordering Information
3
1/11
Updated maximum supply voltage specification to 3.6V
4
8/11
Updated Absolute Maximum Ratings to reflect correct RFIN voltage
2
5
5/15
Updated Benefits and Features section
1
6
9/17
Added AEC statement to Features section
1
7
5/18
Added Package Information section
2
DESCRIPTION
1
1, 2
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please contact Maxim Direct at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim Integrated’s website at www.maximintegrated.com.
Maxim Integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim Integrated product. No circuit patent licenses
are implied. Maxim Integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max limits)
shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance.
Maxim Integrated and the Maxim Integrated logo are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
© 2018 Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. │ 7