Click here for production status of specific part numbers.
The MAX4475–MAX4478/MAX4488/MAX4489 wideband, low-noise, low-distortion operational amplifiers
offer rail-to-rail outputs and single-supply operation
down to 2.7V. They draw 2.2mA of quiescent supply
current per amplifier while featuring ultra-low distortion
(0.0002% THD+N), as well as low input voltage-noise
density (4.5nV/√Hz) and low input current-noise density
(0.5fA/√Hz). These features make the devices an ideal
choice for applications that require low distortion and/or
low noise.
For power conservation, the MAX4475/MAX4488 offer
a low-power shutdown mode that reduces supply current to 0.01µA and places the amplifiers’ outputs into a
high-impedance state. These amplifiers have outputs
which swing rail-to-rail and their input common-mode
voltage range includes ground. The MAX4475–MAX4478
are unity-gain stable with a gain-bandwidth product
of 10MHz. The MAX4488/4489 are internally compensated for gains of +5V/V or greater with a gain-bandwidth product of 42MHz. The single MAX4475/MAX4476/
MAX4488 are available in space-saving, 6-pin SOT23
and TDFN packages.
Applications
●●
●●
●●
●●
●●
●●
●●
ADC Buffers
DAC Output Amplifiers
Low-Noise Microphone/Preamplifiers
Digital Scales
Strain Gauges/Sensor Amplifiers
Medical Instrumentation
Automotive
µMAX is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
Features
●●
●●
●●
●●
●●
Low Input Voltage-Noise Density: 4.5nV/√Hz
Low Input Current-Noise Density: 0.5fA/√Hz
Low Distortion: 0.0002% THD+N (1kΩ load)
Single-Supply Operation from +2.7V to +5.5V
Input Common-Mode Voltage Range Includes
Ground
●● Rail-to-Rail Output Swings with a 1kΩ Load
●● 10MHz GBW Product, Unity-Gain Stable
(MAX4475–MAX4478)
●● 42MHz GBW Product, Stable with AV ≥ +5V/V
(MAX4488/MAX4489)
●● Excellent DC Characteristics
VOS = 70µV
IBIAS = 1pA
Large-Signal Voltage Gain = 120dB
●● Low-Power Shutdown Mode:
●● Reduces Supply Current to 0.01µA
●● Places Output in High-Impedance State
●● Available in Space-Saving SOT23, TDFN, µMAX®,
and TSSOP Packages
●● AEC-Q100 Qualified, Refer to Ordering Information
for the List of /V Parts
Ordering Information at end of data sheet.
Typical Operating Characteristic
INPUT VOLTAGE-NOISE DENSITY
vs. FREQUENCY
25
MAX4475 toc20
General Description
SOT23, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion,
Wide-Band, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
VIN EQUIVALENT INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE (nV√Hz)
MAX4475–MAX4478/
MAX4488/MAX4489
20
15
10
5
0
10
100
1k
10k
100k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
Pin Configurations and Typical Operating Circuit appear at
end of data sheet.
19-2137; Rev 11; 4/19
MAX4475–MAX4478/
MAX4488/MAX4489
SOT23, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion,
Wide-Band, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
Absolute Maximum Ratings
Power-Supply Voltage (VDD to VSS).....................-0.3V to +6.0V
Analog Input Voltage (IN_+, IN_-).. (VSS - 0.3V) to (VDD + 0.3V)
SHDN Input Voltage...................................(VSS - 0.3V) to +6.0V
Output Short-Circuit Duration to Either Supply..........Continuous
Continuous Input Current (IN+, IN-)..................................±10mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C)
6-Pin SOT23 (derate 5.4mW/°C above +70°C)........431.3mW
6-Pin TDFN (derate 18.2mW/°C above 70°C)...........1454mW
8-Pin µMAX (derate 4.5mW/°C above +70°C).............362mW
8-Pin SO (derate 5.88mW/°C above +70°C)................471mW
14-Pin SO (derate 8.33mW/°C above +70°C)..............667mW
14-Pin TSSOP (derate 9.1mW/°C above +70°C).........727mW
Operating Temperature Range.......................... -40°C to +125°C
Junction Temperature.......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range............................. -65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................. +300°C
Soldering Temperature (reflow)........................................ +260°C
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these
or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
Package Information
SOT23-6
PACKAGE CODE
U6F+6
Outline Number
21-0058
Land Pattern Number
90-0175
Thermal Resistance, Single-Layer Board
Junction to Ambient (θJA)
185.5°C/W
Junction to Case (θJC)
75°C/W
Thermal Resistance, Multi-Layer Board
Junction to Ambient (θJA)
134.4°C/W
Junction to Case (θJC)
39°C/W
µMAX-8
PACKAGE CODE
U8+4
Outline Number
21-0036
Land Pattern Number
90-0092
Thermal Resistance, Multi-Layer Board
Junction to Ambient (θJA)
206°C/W
Junction to Case (θJC)
42
µMAX-8
PACKAGE CODE
U8+1
Outline Number
21-0036
Land Pattern Number
90-0092
Thermal Resistance, Single-Layer Board
Junction to Ambient (θJA)
221°C/W
Junction to Case (θJC)
42°C/W
Thermal Resistance, Multi-Layer Board
Junction to Ambient (θJA)
206°C/W
Junction to Case (θJC)
42°C/W
www.maximintegrated.com
Maxim Integrated │ 2
MAX4475–MAX4478/
MAX4488/MAX4489
SOT23, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion,
Wide-Band, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
Package Information (continued)
TSSOP-14
PACKAGE CODE
U14+2
Outline Number
21-0066
Land Pattern Number
90-0113
Thermal Resistance, Single-Layer Board
Junction to Ambient (θJA)
110°C/W
Junction to Case (θJC)
30°C/W
Thermal Resistance, Multi-Layer Board
Junction to Ambient (θJA)
100.4°C/W
Junction to Case (θJC)
30°C/W
SO-8
PACKAGE CODE
S8+4
Outline Number
21-0041
Land Pattern Number
90-0096
Thermal Resistance, Single-Layer Board
Junction to Ambient (θJA)
170°C/W
Junction to Case (θJC)
40
Thermal Resistance, Multi-Layer Board
Junction to Ambient (θJA)
132°C/W
Junction to Case (θJC)
38
SO-14
PACKAGE CODE
S14+4
Outline Number
21-0041
Land Pattern Number
90-0112
Thermal Resistance, Single-Layer Board
Junction to Ambient (θJA)
120°C/W
Junction to Case (θJC)
37°C/W
Thermal Resistance, Multi-Layer Board
Junction to Ambient (θJA)
84°C/W
Junction to Case (θJC)
34°C/W
www.maximintegrated.com
Maxim Integrated │ 3
MAX4475–MAX4478/
MAX4488/MAX4489
SOT23, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion,
Wide-Band, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
Package Information (continued)
TDFN-6
PACKAGE CODE
T633+2
Outline Number
21-0137
Land Pattern Number
90-0058
Thermal Resistance, Single-Layer Board
Junction to Ambient (θJA)
55°C/W
Junction to Case (θJC)
9°C/W
Thermal Resistance, Multi-Layer Board
Junction to Ambient (θJA)
42°C/W
Junction to Case (θJC)
9°C/W
For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note that a “+”,
“#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing
pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status.
Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a four-layer board.
For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to www.maximintegrated.com/thermal-tutorial.
www.maximintegrated.com
Maxim Integrated │ 4
MAX4475–MAX4478/
MAX4488/MAX4489
SOT23, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion,
Wide-Band, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
DC Electrical Characteristics
(VDD = +5V, VSS = 0V, VCM = 0V, VOUT = VDD/2, RL tied to VDD/2, SHDN = VDD, TA = -40°C to +125°C, unless otherwise noted.
Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Notes 1, 2)
PARAMETER
Supply Voltage Range
Quiescent Supply Current Per
Amplifier
Input Offset Voltage
Input Offset Voltage Tempco
Input Bias Current
SYMBOL
VDD
ID
VOS
CONDITIONS
(Note 3)
1.0
TA = -40°C to +125°C
(Note 4)
Input Common-Mode Voltage
Range
VCM
Output Short-Circuit Current
Output Leakage Current
Guaranteed by
CMRR Test
ILEAK
VIL
SHDN Logic-High
VIH
SHDN Input Current
www.maximintegrated.com
µV/°C
pA
±1
±150
VDD - 1.7
(VSS - 0.1V) ≤
VCM ≤ (VDD –
1.7V)
TA = -40°C to +125°C
pA
GΩ
-0.1
V
115
dB
90
VDD = 2.7 to 5.5V
90
120
RL = 10kW to VDD/2;
VOUT = 100mV to (VDD - 125mV)
90
120
RL = 1kW to VDD/2;
VOUT = 200mV to (VDD - 250mV)
85
110
RL = 500W to VDD/2;
VOUT = 350mV to (VDD - 500mV)
85
110
dB
dB
VDD - VOH
10
45
VOL - VSS
10
40
|VIN+ - VIN-| ≥ 10mV,
RL = 1kW to VDD/2
VDD - VOH
80
200
VOL - VSS
50
150
|VIN+ - VIN-| ≥ 10mV,
RL = 500W to VDD/2
VDD - VOH
100
300
VOL - VSS
80
250
48
Shutdown mode (SHDN = VSS),
VOUT = VSS to VDD
±0.001
mV
mA
±1.0
0.3 x VDD
0.7 x VDD
SHDN = VSS to VDD
CIN
±6
TA = -40°C to +125°C
90
µV
±150
VDD - 1.6
TA = +25°C
µA
±1
-0.2
(VSS - 0.2V) ≤
VCM ≤ (VDD –
1.6V)
mA
±0.3
TA = +25°C
ISC
SHDN Logic-Low
Input Capacitance
±750
1000
|VIN+ - VIN-| ≥ 10mV,
RL = 10kW to VDD/2
VOUT
4.4
±350
IOS
AVOL
V
±70
RIN
PSRR
5.5
0.01
Differential Input Resistance
Output Voltage Swing
2.5
UNITS
TA = +25°C
Input Offset Current
Large-Signal Voltage Gain
2.2
MAX
Shutdown mode (SHDN = VSS) (Note 2)
(Note 4)
Power-Supply Rejection Ratio
VDD = 3V
VDD = 5V
TCVOS
CMRR
TYP
2.7
Normal mode
IB
Common-Mode Rejection Ratio
MIN
µA
V
V
0.01
10
1
µA
pF
Maxim Integrated │ 5
MAX4475–MAX4478/
MAX4488/MAX4489
SOT23, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion,
Wide-Band, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
AC Electrical Characteristics
(VDD = +5V, VSS = 0V, VCM = 0V, VOUT = VDD/2, RL tied to VDD/2, SHDN = VDD, TA = +25°C.)
PARAMETER
Gain-Bandwidth Product
Slew Rate
SYMBOL
GBWP
SR
MAX4488/MAX4489
MAX4475–MAX4478
MAX4488/MAX4489
MAX4475–MAX4478
Full-Power Bandwidth (Note 5)
Peak-to-Peak Input Noise Voltage
CONDITIONS
MAX4475–MAX4478
MAX4488/MAX4489
en(P-P)
f = 0.1Hz to 10Hz
AV = +1V/V
MIN
TYP
10
AV = +5V/V
42
AV = +5V/V
10
AV = +1V/V
AV = +1V/V
AV = +5V/V
3
0.4
1.25
260
f = 10Hz
21
Input Voltage-Noise Density
en
f = 1kHz
4.5
f = 30kHz
3.5
Input Current-Noise Density
in
f = 1kHz
0.5
Total Harmonic Distortion Plus
Noise (Note 6)
Total Harmonic Distortion Plus
Noise (Note 6)
THD + N
THD + N
Capacitive-Load Stability
GM
Phase Margin
FM
Settling Time
Delay Time to Shutdown
tSH
Enable Delay Time from Shutdown
tEN
Note
Note
Note
Note
Note
f = 1kHz
0.0002
f = 20kHz
0.0007
VOUT = 2VP-P,
AV = +1V/V
(MAX4475–MAX4478),
RL = 1kW to GND
f = 1kHz
0.0002
f = 20kHz
0.001
VOUT = 2VP-P,
f = 1kHz
AV = +5V/V (MAX4488/
MAX4489),
f = 20kHz
RL = 10kW to GND
0.0004
VOUT = 2VP-P,
AV = +5V/V
(MAX4488/MAX4489),
RL = 1kW to GND
f = 1kHz
0.0005
f = 20kHz
0.008
UNITS
MHz
V/µs
MHz
nVP-P
nV/√Hz
fA/√Hz
%
0.0006
%
No sustained oscillations
Gain Margin
Power-Up Delay Time
VOUT = 2VP-P,
AV = +1V/V
(MAX4475–MAX4478),
RL = 10kW to GND
MAX
200
pF
12
dB
MAX4475–MAX4478, AV = +1V/V
70
MAX4488/MAX4489, AV = +5V/V
80
To 0.01%, VOUT = 2V step
2
degrees
µs
1.5
µs
VOUT = 2.5V, VOUT settles to 0.1%
10
µs
VDD = 0 to 5V step, VOUT stable to 0.1%
13
µs
1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
All devices are 100% tested at TA = +25°C. Limits over temperature are guaranteed by design.
SHDN is available on the MAX4475/MAX4488 only.
Guaranteed by the PSRR test.
Guaranteed by design.
Full-power bandwidth for unity-gain stable devices (MAX4475–MAX4478) is measured in a closed-loop gain of +2V/V to
accommodate the input voltage range, VOUT = 4VP-P.
Note 6: Lowpass-filter bandwidth is 22kHz for f = 1kHz and 80kHz for f = 20kHz. Noise floor of test equipment = 10nV/√Hz.
www.maximintegrated.com
Maxim Integrated │ 6
MAX4475–MAX4478/
MAX4488/MAX4489
SOT23, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion,
Wide-Band, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
Typical Operating Characteristics
(VDD = +5V, VSS = 0V, VCM = 0V, VOUT = VDD/2, RL tied to VDD/2, input noise floor of test equipment =10nV/√Hz for all distortion
measurements, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
8
6
4
2
0
-50
-100
-150
MAX4475 toc03
30
20
VDD = 3V
10
VDD = 5V
-50
-25
0
25
50
0.5
1.5
2.5
3.5
OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING (VOL)
vs. TEMPERATURE
VOL (mV)
50
40
30
RL = 1kΩ
10
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
10
60
50
20
0.05
MAX4475 toc06
60
-25
0
25
30
20
50
75
100
RL = 1kΩ
10
RL = 10kΩ
-50
40
0
125
RL = 10kΩ
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
OUTPUT LOAD CURRENT (mA)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
LARGE-SIGNAL VOLTAGE GAIN
vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING
LARGE-SIGNAL VOLTAGE GAIN
vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING
LARGE-SIGNAL VOLTAGE GAIN
vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING
130
MAX4475 toc07
120
120
110
RL = 2kΩ RL = 20kΩ RL = 200kΩ
AV (dB)
100
90
90
80
80
70
70
VDD = 3V
RL REFERENCED TO GND
60
50
100
150
200
VOUT SWING FROM EITHER SUPPLY (mV)
www.maximintegrated.com
250
RL = 2kΩ
110
RL = 2kΩ
RL = 200kΩ
RL = 20kΩ
100
90
80
70
VDD = 3V
RL REFERENCED TO VDD
60
50
120
RL = 20kΩ RL = 200kΩ
100
125
130
AV (dB)
130
4.5
70
MAX4475 toc05
70
VDD - VOH (mV)
VOL
0
-0.5
OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING (VOH)
vs. TEMPERATURE
0.10
110
0
125
OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs. OUTPUT LOAD CURRENT
VDD - VOH
1
100
INPUT COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE (V)
0.15
0
75
TEMPERATURE (°C)
VDD = 3V OR 5V
VDIFF = 10mV
0.20
50
40
VOS (µV)
MAX4475 toc04
0.25
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
50
-250
-50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50
AV (dB)
100
-200
0
0
150
50
MAX4475 toc09
10
VCOM = 0V
200
INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE (µV)
12
MAX4475 toc02
14
250
MAX4475 toc08
PERCENTAGE OF UNITS (%)
16
INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE
vs. INPUT COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE
OFFSET VOLTAGE vs. TEMPERATURE
INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE (µV)
MAX4475-8 toc1
18
INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE DISTRIBUTION
0
50
100
150
200
VOUT SWING FROM EITHER SUPPLY (mV)
250
VDD = 5V
RL REFERENCED TO GND
60
50
0
50
100
150
200
250
VOUT SWING FROM EITHER SUPPLY (mV)
Maxim Integrated │ 7
MAX4475–MAX4478/
MAX4488/MAX4489
SOT23, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion,
Wide-Band, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VDD = +5V, VSS = 0V, VCM = 0V, VOUT = VDD/2, RL tied to VDD/2, input noise floor of test equipment =10nV/√Hz for all distortion
measurements, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
100
80
0
50
100
150
200
60
1.5
1.0
0.5
VOUT = 150mV TO 4.75V
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
0
125
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
100
TEMPERATURE (°C)
TEMPERATURE (°C)
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs.OUTPUT VOLTAGE
INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE
vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
1.0
VDD = 3V
1.5
1.0
0.5
0.5
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
0
5.5
0
1
2
3
4
30
-20
5
72
20
36
5.0
5.5
180
144
0
0
-36
-20
-144
-30
-180
100M
-40
INPUT FREQUENCY (Hz)
GAIN
10
-72
www.maximintegrated.com
MAX4475 toc15
108
-108
10M
MAX4475 toc17
30
-20
1M
4.5
72
-10
PHASE
4.0
40
-36
100k
3.5
108
0
10k
3.0
50
0
1k
2.5
144
10
100
-10
60
36
-40
-5
180
20
-30
0
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
GAIN (dB)
VDD = 3V OR 5V
RL = 50kΩ
CL = 20pF
AV = +1000V/V
GAIN
40
5
MAX4488/MAX4489
GAIN AND PHASE vs. FREQUENCY
PHASE (degrees)
MAX4475 toc16
50
10
-15
MAX4475–MAX4478
GAIN AND PHASE vs. FREQUENCY
60
15
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V)
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
125
-10
VDD = 3V OR 5V
RL = 50kΩ
CL = 20pF
AV = +1000V/V
100
1k
10k
-72
-108
PHASE
100k
1M
PHASE (degrees)
1.5
2.0
INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE (µV)
VDD = 5V
2.5
20
MAX4475 toc14
3.0
MAX4475 toc13
PER AMPLIFIER
2.0
GAIN (dB)
2.0
VOUT SWING FROM EITHER SUPPLY (mV)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
50
250
2.5
0
90
70
VDD = 5V
RL REFERENCED TO VDD
60
3.0
100
80
70
PER AMPLIFIER
2.5
RL = 10kΩ
110
90
50
RL = 100kΩ
120
RL = 2kΩ
3.0
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
RL = 20kΩ
AVOL (dB)
AV (dB)
110
130
MAX4475 toc11
RL = 200kΩ
120
140
MAX4475 toc10
130
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
LARGE-SIGNAL VOLTAGE GAIN
vs. TEMPERATURE
MAX4475 toc12
LARGE-SIGNAL VOLTAGE GAIN
vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING
-144
10M
-180
100M
INPUT FREQUENCY (Hz)
Maxim Integrated │ 8
MAX4475–MAX4478/
MAX4488/MAX4489
SOT23, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion,
Wide-Band, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VDD = +5V, VSS = 0V, VCM = 0V, VOUT = VDD/2, RL tied to VDD/2, input noise floor of test equipment =10nV/√Hz for all distortion
measurements, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAX4475 toc19
10
AV = +5
1
AV = +1
0.01
100,000
1
10
INPUT VOLTAGE-NOISE DENSITY
vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4475 toc21
10
VDD = 3V OR 5V
VP-P NOISE = 260nVP-P
THD + N (%)
200nV/div
10
0.01
0.001
0
0.0001
10k
1s/div
100k
fO = 20kHz, FILTER BW = 80kHz
fO = 3kHz, FILTER BW = 30kHz
0
FREQUENCY (Hz)
MAX4488/MAX4489
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING
1
VDD = +3V, fO = 20kHz
FILTER BW = 80kHz
0.001
0.00001
0.001
AV = +10, VDD = 3V
FILTER BW = 22kHz AV = +10, VDD = 5V
RL = 10kΩ TO GND
R1 = 5.6kΩ, R2 = 53kΩ
VOUT = 2VP-P
VDD = 3V, fO = 3kHz
FILTER BW = 30kHz
0.0001
0
1
2
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (VP-P)
www.maximintegrated.com
3
4
3
0.0001
0.01
0
5k
10k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
15k
FILTER BW = 80kHz
VOUT = 2VP-P
AV = +1
RL = 1kΩ
THD + N (%)
THD + N (%)
THD + N (%)
0.1
0.01
2
MAX4475–MAX4478
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4475 toc24
AV = +5
RL = 100kΩ
MAX4488/MAX4489
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION
PLUS NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
0.01
MAX4475 toc23
10
1
OUTPUT VOLTAGE (VP-P)
MAX4475 toc25
1k
AV = +1
RL = 100kΩ
0.1
5
100
10k
1
15
10
1k
MAX4475
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. OUTPUT VOLTAGE SWING
0.1Hz TO 10HzP-P NOISE
20
100
FREQUENCY (Hz)
MAX4475 toc22
10
MAX4475 toc20
VIN EQUIVALENT INPUT NOISE VOLTAGE (nV√Hz)
100
0.1
1000
FREQUENCY (kHz)
25
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE
vs. FREQUENCY
1000
MAX4475 toc18
0
VDD = 3V OR 5V
-10
-20
-30
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
-90
-100
-110
-120
-130
0.001
0.1
OUTPUT IMPEDANCE (Ω)
PSRR (dB)
MAX4475–MAX4478
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO
vs. FREQUENCY
RL TO VDD/2
RL TO VDD
0.001
20k
RL TO GND
0
5k
10k
15k
20k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
Maxim Integrated │ 9
MAX4475–MAX4478/
MAX4488/MAX4489
SOT23, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion,
Wide-Band, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(VDD = +5V, VSS = 0V, VCM = 0V, VOUT = VDD/2, RL tied to VDD/2, input noise floor of test equipment =10nV/√Hz for all distortion
measurements, TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
1
FILTER BW = 80kHz
RL = 10kΩ TO GND
R1 = 2.43kΩ, R2 = 10kΩ
VOUT = 2.75VP-P
MAX4475–MAX4478
SMALL-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE
MAX4475 toc27
MAX4475 toc28
0.6V
2.5V
20mV/div
0.01
AV = +5, VDD = 3V
0.001
0.5V
AV = +5, VDD = 5V
0
10k
5k
15k
20k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
1µs/div
4µs/div
VDD = 3V, RL = 10kΩ, CL = 100pF
VIN = 2V
VDD = 3V, RL = 10kΩ, CL = 100pF
VIN = 100mV PULSE
MAX4488/MAX4489
SMALL-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE
MAX4488/MAX4489
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE
MAX4477/MAX4478/MAX4489
CROSSTALK vs. FREQUENCY
MAX4475 toc30
MAX4475 toc29
-20
1.6V
VOUT
50mV/div
VOUT
200mV/div
1.5V
MAX4475 toc31
0.0001
0.5V
-30
CROSSTALK (dB)
THD + N (%)
0.1
MAX4475–MAX4478
LARGE-SIGNAL PULSE RESPONSE
MAX4475 toc26
MAX4488/MAX4489
TOTAL HARMONIC DISTORTION PLUS NOISE
vs. FREQUENCY
-40
-50
-60
-70
-80
1µs/div
VDD = 3V, RL = 10kΩ, CL = 50pF
VIN = 20mV PULSE, AV = +5V/V
www.maximintegrated.com
1µs/div
VDD = 3V, RL = 10kΩ, CL = 50pF
VIN = 20mV PULSE, AV = +5V/V
-90
10
100
1000
10k 100k
1M
10M 100M
FREQUENCY (Hz)
Maxim Integrated │ 10
MAX4475–MAX4478/
MAX4488/MAX4489
SOT23, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion,
Wide-Band, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
Pin Description
PIN
MAX4475/
MAX4488
MAX4475/
MAX4488
MAX4476
MAX4477/
MAX4489
MAX4478
SOT23/TDFN
SO/µMAX
SOT23/TDFN
SO/µMAX
SO/TSSOP
1
6
1
1, 7
1, 7, 8, 14
OUT, OUTA,
OUTB, OUTC,
OUTD
2
4
2
4
11
VSS
3
3
3
3, 5
3, 5, 10, 12
IN+, INA+, INB+,
INC+, IND+
4
2
4
2, 6
2, 6, 9, 13
IN-, INA-, INB-,
INC-, IND-
6
7
6
8
4
VDD
NAME
5
8
—
—
—
SHDN
—
1, 5
5
—
—
N.C.
EP
—
EP
—
—
EP
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FUNCTION
Amplifier Output
Negative Supply. Connect
to ground for single-supply
operation
Noninverting Amplifier
Input
Inverting Amplifier Input
Positive Supply
Shutdown Input. Connect
to VDD for normal
operation (amplifier(s)
enabled).
No Connection. Not
internally connected.
Exposed Paddle (TDFN
Only). Connect to VSS.
Maxim Integrated │ 11
MAX4475–MAX4478/
MAX4488/MAX4489
SOT23, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion,
Wide-Band, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
Detailed Description
The MAX4475–MAX4478/MAX4488/MAX4489 singlesupply operational amplifiers feature ultra-low noise and
distortion. Their low distortion and low noise make them
ideal for use as preamplifiers in wide dynamic-range applications, such as 16-bit analog-to-digital converters (see
Typical Operating Circuit). Their high-input impedance and
low noise are also useful for signal conditioning of high-impedance sources, such as piezoelectric transducers.
These devices have true rail-to-rail output operation, drive
loads as low as 1kΩ while maintaining DC accuracy, and
can drive capacitive loads up to 200pF without oscillation.
The input common-mode voltage range extends from
(VDD - 1.6V) to 200mV below the negative rail. The pushpull output stage maintains excellent DC characteristics,
while delivering up to ±5mA of current.
The MAX4475–MAX4478 are unity-gain stable, while
the MAX4488/MAX4489 have a higher slew rate and are
stable for gains ≥ 5V/V. The MAX4475/MAX4488 feature
a low-power shutdown mode, which reduces the supply
current to 0.01µA and disables the outputs.
CZ
RF
RG
VOUT
VIN
Figure 1. Adding Feed-Forward Compensation
AV = +2
RF = RG = 100kΩ
VIN
100mV/div
100mV
0V
VOUT
100mV/div
Low Distortion
Many factors can affect the noise and distortion that the
device contributes to the input signal. The following guidelines offer valuable information on the impact of design
choices on Total Harmonic Distortion (THD).
Choosing proper feedback and gain resistor values for
a particular application can be a very important factor in
reducing THD. In general, the smaller the closed-loop
gain, the smaller the THD generated, especially when
driving heavy resistive loads. The THD of the part normally increases at approximately 20dB per decade, as a
function of frequency. Operating the device near or above
the full-power bandwidth significantly degrades distortion.
Referencing the load to either supply also improves the
part’s distortion performance, because only one of the
MOSFETs of the push-pull output stage drives the output.
Referencing the load to midsupply increases the part’s
distortion for a given load and feedback setting. (See
the Total Harmonic Distortion vs. Frequency graph in the
Typical Operating Characteristics.)
2µs/div
Figure 2a. Pulse Response with No Feed-Forward
Compensation
AV = +2
RF = RG = 100kΩ
VIN
100mV/div
VOUT
100mV/div
2µs/div
Figure 2b. Pulse Response with 10pF Feed-Forward
Compensation
For gains ≥ 5V/V, the decompensated devices MAX4488/
MAX4489 deliver the best distortion performance, since
they have a higher slew rate and provide a higher
amount of loop gain for a given closed-loop gain setting.
Capacitive loads below 100pF do not significantly affect
distortion results. Distortion performance is relatively constant over supply voltages.
www.maximintegrated.com
Maxim Integrated │ 12
MAX4475–MAX4478/
MAX4488/MAX4489
SOT23, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion,
Wide-Band, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
Low Noise
The amplifier’s input-referred noise-voltage density is
dominated by flicker noise at lower frequencies, and by
thermal noise at higher frequencies. Because the thermal
noise contribution is affected by the parallel combination
of the feedback resistive network (RF || RG, Figure 1),
these resistors should be reduced in cases where the
system bandwidth is large and thermal noise is dominant.
This noise contribution factor decreases, however, with
increasing gain settings.
For example, the input noise-voltage density of the
circuit with RF = 100kΩ, RG = 11kΩ (AV = +5V/V) is
en = 14nV/√Hz, en can be reduced to 6nV/√Hz by choosing RF = 10kΩ, RG = 1.1kΩ (AV = +5V/V), at the expense
of greater current consumption and potentially higher
distortion. For a gain of 100V/V with RF = 100kΩ, RG =
1.1kΩ, the en is still a low 6nV/√Hz.
AV = +1
VDD = +5V
RL = 10kΩ
VIN
2V/div
0V
VOUT
2V/div
40µs/div
Figure 3. Overdriven Input Showing No Phase Reversal
5V
Using a Feed-Forward Compensation
Capacitor, CZ
The amplifier’s input capacitance is 10pF. If the resistance
seen by the inverting input is large (feedback network),
this can introduce a pole within the amplifier’s bandwidth
resulting in reduced phase margin. Compensate the
reduced phase margin by introducing a feed-forward
capacitor (CZ) between the inverting input and the output (Figure 1). This effectively cancels the pole from the
inverting input of the amplifier. Choose the value of CZ
as follows:
CZ = 10 x (RF / RG) [pF]
In the unity-gain stable MAX4475–MAX4478, the use
of a proper CZ is most important for AV = +2V/V, and
AV = -1V/V. In the decompensated MAX4488/MAX4489,
CZ is most important for AV = +10V/V. Figures 2a and 2b
show transient response both with and without CZ.
Using a slightly smaller CZ than suggested by the formula
above achieves a higher bandwidth at the expense of
reduced phase and gain margin. As a general guideline,
consider using CZ for cases where RG || RF is greater
than 20kΩ (MAX4475–MAX4478) or greater than 5kΩ
(MAX4488/MAX4489).
Applications Information
The MAX4475–MAX4478/MAX4488/MAX4489 combine
good driving capability with ground-sensing input and
rail-to-rail output operation. With their low distortion and
low noise, they are ideal for use in ADC buffers, medical
instrumentation systems and other noise-sensitive applications.
www.maximintegrated.com
VOUT
1V/div
0V
20ms/div
Figure 4. Rail-to-Rail Output Operation
Ground-Sensing and Rail-to-Rail Outputs
The common-mode input range of these devices extends
below ground, and offers excellent common-mode rejection. These devices are guaranteed not to undergo phase
reversal when the input is overdriven (Figure 3).
Figure 4 showcases the true rail-to-rail output operation
of the amplifier, configured with AV = 5V/V. The output
swings to within 8mV of the supplies with a 10kΩ load,
making the devices ideal in low-supply voltage applications.
Power Supplies and Layout
The MAX4475–MAX4478/MAX4488/MAX4489 operate
from a single +2.7V to +5.5V power supply or from dual
supplies of ±1.35V to ±2.75V. For single-supply operation, bypass the power supply with a 0.1µF ceramic
Maxim Integrated │ 13
MAX4475–MAX4478/
MAX4488/MAX4489
SOT23, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion,
Wide-Band, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
Typical Application Circuit
+5V
CS
SERIAL
INTERFACE
SCLK
DIN
+2.5V
+5V
7
VDD
REF
U1
MAX5541ESA
U2
MAX4475AUA
3
OUT
6
AGND
DGND
0 to +2.5V
OUTPUT
2
4
8
SHDN
Typical Operating Circuit
5V
470pF
0.1µF
3.09kΩ
1%
7.87kΩ
1%
220pF
3
8
220pF
1
3.83kΩ
1%
1/2 MAX4477
2
13.7kΩ
1%
5
7
220pF
4
1/2 MAX4477
7.15kΩ
1%
220pF
6
10.0kΩ
1%
10.0kΩ
1%
capacitor placed close to the VDD pin. If operating from
dual supplies, bypass each supply to ground.
Good layout improves performance by decreasing the
amount of stray capacitance and noise at the op amp’s
inputs and output. To decrease stray capacitance, minimize PC board trace lengths and resistor leads, and place
external components close to the op amp’s pins.
Typical Application Circuit
The Typical Application Circuit shows the single MAX4475 configured as an output buffer for the
MAX5541 16-bit DAC. Because the MAX5541 has an
unbuffered voltage output, the input bias current of the
op amp used must be less than 6nA to maintain 16-bit
accuracy. The MAX4475 has an input bias current of
only 150pA (max), virtually eliminating this as a source
www.maximintegrated.com
10.0kΩ
1%
15.0kΩ
1%
of error. In addition, the MAX4475 has excellent openloop gain and common-mode rejection, making this an
excellent output buffer amplifier.
DC-Accurate Lowpass Filter
The MAX4475–MAX4478/MAX4488/MAX4489 offer a
unique combination of low noise, wide bandwidth, and
high gain, making them an excellent choice for active
filters up to 1MHz. The Typical Operating Circuit shows
the dual MAX4477 configured as a 5th order Chebyschev
filter with a cutoff frequency of 100kHz. The circuit is
implemented in the Sallen-Key topology, making this a
DC-accurate filter.
Maxim Integrated │ 14
MAX4475–MAX4478/
MAX4488/MAX4489
SOT23, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion,
Wide-Band, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
Pin Configurations
TOP VIEW
TOP VIEW
+
+
N.C.
MAX4475
MAX4488
VSS 4
7
VDD
INA- 2
6
OUT
INA+
5
N.C.
OUTA 1
MAX4477
MAX4489
3
VSS 4
INA-
2
13 IND-
3
12 IND+
VDD 4
MAX4478
10 INC+
INB- 6
9
OUTB 7
INB+
VSS 2
MAX4475
MAX4488
IN+ 3
6
VDD
5
SHDN
4
IN-
5
4
MAX4475
MAX4488
EP
INC-
+
SOT23-6
OUTC
SO/TSSOP
1
2
3
VSS 2
MAX4476
6
VDD
5
N.C.
IN-
1
N.C.
TOP VIEW
+
VDD
TDFN
TOP VIEW
OUT
6
OUT
8
5
TOP VIEW
+
OUT 1
11 VSS
INB+ 5
INB-
IN-
14 OUTD
INA+
OUTB
IN+
TOP VIEW
+
7
6
SHDN
OUTA 1
VDD
SO/MAX
SO/MAX
TOP VIEW
8
VSS
3
SHDN
VDD
INA- 2
INA+
8
6
5
4
MAX4476
IN+ 3
4
IN-
2
3
IN+
1
OUT
+
VSS
EP
SOT23-6
TDFN
www.maximintegrated.com
Maxim Integrated │ 15
MAX4475–MAX4478/
MAX4488/MAX4489
SOT23, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion,
Wide-Band, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
Ordering Information
PART
PINTEMP RANGE
PACKAGE
Chip Information
TOP
MARK
PROCESS: BiCMOS
Selector Guide
MAX4475AUT+T
-40°C to +125°C 6 SOT23
AAZV
MAX4475AUA+
-40°C to +125°C 8 µMAX
—
MAX4475ASA+
-40°C to +125°C 8 SO
—
MAX4475ATT+T
-40°C to +125°C 6 TDFN-EP*
MAX4475AUT/V+T
-40°C to +125°C 6 SOT23
+ACQQ
MAX4475
MAX4476AUT+T
-40°C to +125°C 6 SOT23
AAZX
MAX4476
MAX4476ATT+T
-40°C to +125°C 6 TDFN-EP*
+ADF
MAX4477
MAX4478
+ADD
MAX4477AUA+
-40°C to +125°C 8 µMAX
—
MAX4477AUA+
-40°C to +125°C 8 µMAX
—
MAX4477AUA/V+T
-40°C to +125°C 8 µMAX
+AA/V
MAX4477ASA+
-40°C to +125°C 8 SO
—
MAX4478AUD+
-40°C to +125°C 14 TSSOP
—
MAX4478AUD/V+
-40°C to +125°C 14 TSSOP
—
MAX4478ASD+
-40°C to +125°C 14 SO
MAX4488AUT+T
-40°C to +125°C 6 SOT23
AAZW
MAX4488AUA+
-40°C to +125°C 8 µMAX
—
MAX4488ASA+
-40°C to +125°C 8 SO
—
MAX4488ATT+T
-40°C to +125°C 6 TDFN-EP*
MAX4489AUA+
-40°C to +125°C 8 µMAX
—
MAX4489AUA/V+T
-40°C to +125°C 8 µMAX
—
MAX4489ASA+
-40°C to +125°C 8 SO
—
PART
STABLE
GAIN
(V/V)
NO. OF
AMPS
SHDN
10
1
1
Yes
10
1
1
—
10
1
2
—
10
1
4
—
GAIN BW
(MHz)
MAX4488
42
5
1
Yes
MAX4489
42
5
2
—
—
+ADE
+Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package.
*EP = Exposed pad (connect to VSS).
/V denotes an automotive qualified part.
T = Tape and reel.
www.maximintegrated.com
Maxim Integrated │ 16
MAX4475–MAX4478/
MAX4488/MAX4489
SOT23, Low-Noise, Low-Distortion,
Wide-Band, Rail-to-Rail Op Amps
Revision History
REVISION
NUMBER
REVISION
DATE
DESCRIPTION
PAGES
CHANGED
4
12/09
Added lead-free designations and an automotive part to the Ordering Information
and added input current spec in Absolute Maximum Ratings section
1, 2, 13
5
7/10
Added /V designation to the MAX4475 product and soldering temperature
1, 2
6
6/12
Added /V designation for MAX4489.
13
7
1/18
Added AEC statement to Features section
1
8
7/18
Updated Ordering Information table
14
9
7/18
Updated Absolute Maximum Rating and Package Information
2, 14
10
8/18
Updated Package Information section
2–4
11
4/19
Updated General Description and Ordering Information section
1, 16
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please visit Maxim Integrated’s online storefront at https://www.maximintegrated.com/en/storefront/storefront.html.
Maxim Integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim Integrated product. No circuit patent licenses
are implied. Maxim Integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max limits)
shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance.
Maxim Integrated and the Maxim Integrated logo are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
© 2019 Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. │ 17
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