U2010B-M

Features • • • • • • • • • • Full-wave Current Sensing Mains Supply Variation Compensated Programmable Load-current Limitation with Over- and High-load Output Variable Soft Start Voltage and Current Synchronization Automatic Retriggering Switchable Triggering Pulse Typically 125 mA Internal Supply-voltage Monitoring Current Requirement £ 3 mA Temperature-compensated Reference Voltage Phase-control IC with Current Feedback and Overload Protection Applications • Advanced Motor Control • Grinder • Drilling Machine Description The U2010B is designed as a phase-control circuit in bipolar technology for motor control applications with load-current feedback and overload protection. It enables load-current detection and has a soft-start function as well as reference voltage output. U2010B Figure 1. Block Diagram 15 14 13 11 12 Overload Limiting detector Voltage detector Mains voltage compensation Automatic retriggering Current detector 100% Output Phase control unit ϕ = f (V4) - 1 Supply voltage High load 2 + Full wave rectifier 70% A αmax 10 G N D B Programmable Autostart overload protection C Imax 9 16 Pulse output 1 Voltage monitoring Load current detector 2 Level shift 3 Soft start 4 5 6 7 U2010B Reference voltage 8 Rev. 4766A–INDCO–01/04 Mains Supply 2 R6 230 V ~ 1 16 3.3 kΩ R5 ^ V (R6) = ±250 mV 3.3 kΩ R4 180 Ω R3 Load 2 Load current detector Current detector Automatic retriggering Limiting detector 15 α max C3 10 nF 3 Level shift R10 - C5 0.1 µF C4 2 P1 50 kΩ + 13 R7 Set point R14 Full wave rectifier 1 R11 1 MΩ Overload Output 0.15 µF 5 100 kΩ Load current compensation 4 D1 Mains voltage compensation R8 470 kΩ 14 Phase control unit ϕ = f(V4) Voltage detector R2 330 kΩ R1 18 kΩ/2 W 7 Soft start 10 U2010B 8 C7 1 µF S1 A B C B Autostart C I max Mode 9 GND C1 22 µF A α max Supply voltage 11 Reference voltage C2 4.7 µF Voltage monitoring Overload threshold 6 70% Programmable overload protection 100% High load 12 VS LED D3 Figure 2. Block Diagram with External Circuit General Description The U2010B contains voltage limiting and can be connected with the mains supply via D1 and R1. Supply voltage – between pin 10 and pin 11 – is smoothed by C1. In the case of V6 £ 70% of the overload threshold voltage, pins 11 and 12 are connected internally whereby Vsat £ 1.2 V. When ½V6½ ³ ½VT70½, the supply current flows across D3 . U2010B 4766A–INDCO–01/04 U2010B Pin Configuration Figure 3. Pinning DIP16/SO16 16 OUTPUT ISENSE 1 ISENSE Cϕ 2 15 VSYNC 3 14 VRϕ 13 OVERLOAD CONTROL 4 U2010B COMP 5 12 HIGH LOAD ILOAD 6 11 VS CSOFT 7 10 GND VREF 8 9 MODE Pin Description Pin Symbol Function 1 ISENSE Load current sensing 2 ISENSE Load current sensing 3 Cj Ramp voltage 4 CONTROL Control input 5 COMP Compensation output 6 ILOAD Load current limitation 7 CSOFT Soft start 8 VREF Reference voltage 9 MODE 10 GND Mode selection 11 VS 12 HIGH LOAD 13 OVERLOAD Overload indication 14 VRj Ramp current adjust 15 VSYNC 16 OUTPUT Ground Supply voltage High load indication Voltage synchronization Trigger output 3 4766A–INDCO–01/04 The series resistance R1 can be calculated as follows: V mains – V Smax R 1max = -------------------------------------2 ´ I tot where: Vmains = Mains supply voltage VSmax = Maximum supply voltage Itot = Total current consumption = ISmax + Ix ISmax = Maximum current consumption of the IC Ix = Current consumption of the external components Voltage Monitoring When the voltage is built up, uncontrolled output pulses are avoided by internal voltage monitoring. Apart from that, all latches in the circuit (phase control, load limit regulation) are reset and the soft-start capacitor is short-circuited. This guarantees a specified start-up behavior each time the supply voltage is switched on or after short interruptions of the mains supply. Soft start is initiated after the supply voltage has been built up. This behavior guarantees a gentle start-up for the motor and automatically ensures the optimum run-up time. Phase Control The function of the phase control is mainly identical to the well-known IC U211B. The phase angle of the trigger pulse is derived by comparing the ramp voltage V3, which is mains-synchronized by the voltage detector, with the set value on the control input, pin 4. The slope of the ramp is determined by Cj and its charging current Ij. The charging current can be varied using Rj at pin 14. The maximum phase angle, amax, can also be adjusted by using Rj (minimum current flow angle jmin), see Figure 5 on page 10. When the potential on pin 3 reaches the set point level of pin 4, a trigger pulse width, tp, is determined from the value of Cj (tp = 9 µs/nF). At the same time, a latch is set with the output pulse as long as the automatic retriggering has not been activated. When this happens, no more pulses can be generated in that half cycle. The control input at pin 4 (with respect to pin 10) has an active range from V8 to -1 V. When V4 = V8, then the phase angle is at its maximum, amax, i.e., the current flow angle is minimum. The minimum phase angle, amin, is set with V4 ³ -1 V. Automatic Retriggering The current-detector circuit monitors the state of the triac after triggering by measuring the voltage drop at the triac gate. A current flow through the triac is recognized when the voltage drop exceeds a threshold level of typically 40 mV. If the triac is quenched within the relevant half-wave after triggering (for example owing to low load currents before or after the zero crossing of the current wave, or for commutator motors, owing to brush lifters), the automatic retriggering circuit ensures immediate retriggering, if necessary with a high repetition rate, tpp/tp, until the triac remains reliably triggered. 4 U2010B 4766A–INDCO–01/04 U2010B Current Synchronization Current synchronization fulfils two functions: – Monitoring the current flow after triggering. In case the triac extinguishes again or does not switch on, automatic triggering is activated until the triggering is successful. – Avoiding triggering due to an inductive load. In the case of inductive load operation, the current synchronization ensures that in the new half wave, no pulse will be enabled as long as there is a current available from the previous half wave, which flows from the opposite polarity to the actual supply voltage. Th current synchronization as described above is a special feature of the U2010B. The device evaluates the voltage at the pulse output between gate and reference electrode of the triac. As a result, no separate current synchronization input with specified series resistance is necessary. Voltage Synchronization with Mains Voltage Compensation The voltage detector synchronizes the reference ramp with the mains supply voltage. At the same time, the mains-dependent input current at pin 15 is shaped and rectified internally. This current activates the automatic retriggering and at the same time is available at pin 5. By suitable dimensioning, it is possible to obtain the specified compensation effect. Automatic retriggering and mains voltage compensation are not activated until ½V15 - 10½ increases to 8 V. The resistance Rsync. defines the width of the zero voltage cross over pulse, synchronization current, and hence the mains supply voltage compensation current. Figure 4. Suppression of Mains Voltage Compensation and Retrigger Automatic Mains R2 15 U2010B 2x C6V2 10 If the mains voltage compensation and the automatic retriggering are not required, both functions can be suppressed by limiting ½V15 - 10½ £ 7 V, see Figure 4. Load-current Compensation The circuit continuously measures the load current as a voltage drop at resistance R6. The evaluation and use of both half waves results in a quick reaction to load-current change. Due to the voltage at resistance R6, there is a difference between both input currents at pins 1 and 2. This difference controls the internal current source, whose positive current values are available at pins 5 and 6. The output current generated at pin 5 contains the difference from the load-current detection and from the mains voltage compensation, see Figure 2 on page 2. 5 4766A–INDCO–01/04 The efficient impedance of the set-point network generates a voltage at pin 4. A current, flowing out of pin 5 through R10, modulates this voltage. An increase of mains voltage causes the increase of control angle a, an increase of load current results in a decrease in the control angle. This avoids a decrease in revolution by increasing the load as well as an increase of revolution by the increment of the mains supply voltage. Load-current Limitation The total output load current is available at pin 6. It results in a voltage drop across R11. When the potential of the load current reaches about 70% of the threshold value (VT70), i.e., about 4.35 V at pin 6, it switches the high-load comparator and opens the switch between pins 11 and 12. By using an LED between these pins (11 and 12), a high-load indication can be realized. If the potential at pin 6 increases to about 6.2 V (= VT100), it switches the overload comparator. The result is programmable at pin 9 (operation mode). Mode Selection 6 a) amax (V9 = 0) In this mode of operation, pin 13 switches to -VS (pin 11) and pin 6 to GND (pin 10) after V6 has reached the threshold VT100. A soft-start capacitor is then shorted and the control angle is switched to amax. This position is maintained until the supply voltage is switched off. The motor can be started again with the soft-start function when the power is switched on again. As the overload condition switches pin 13 to pin 11, it is possible to use a smaller control angle, amax, by connecting a further resistance between pins 13 and 14. b) Auto start (pin 9 – open), see Figure 12 on page 12 The circuit behaves as described above, with the exception that pin 6 is not connected to GND. If the value of V6 decreases to 25% of the threshold value (VT25), the circuit becomes active again with soft start. c) Imax (V9 = V8), see Figure 14 on page 13 When V6 has reached the maximum overload threshold value (i.e., V6 = VT100), pin 13 is switched to pin 8 (VRef) through the resistance R (= 2 kW) without the soft-start capacitor discharging at pin 7. With this mode of operation, direct load-current control (Imax) is possible. U2010B 4766A–INDCO–01/04 U2010B Absolute Maximum Ratings Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of this specification is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. Reference point pin 10, unless otherwise specified. Parameters Pin Symbol Value Unit Sink current t £ 10 µs 11 -IS 30 mA 11 -is 100 mA Synchronous currents t £ 10 µs 15 ±IsyncV 5 mA 15 ±isyncV 5 mA Phase Control 4, 8 -VI 0 - V8 V Input current Control voltage 4 ±II 500 µA Charging current 14 -Ij†max 0.5 mA 7, 8 -VI 0 - V8 V 16 +VI -VI 2 V11 V V 8 I0 10 mA 8 I0 30 mA Soft Start Input voltage Pulse Output Input voltage Reference Voltage Source Output current t £ 10 µs Load-current Sensing Input currents 1, 2 ±Ii 1 mA Input voltages 5, 6 - Vi 0 - V8 V Overload output 13 IL 1 mA High-load output t £ 10 µs 12 IL 30 mA IL 100 mA Storage temperature range Tstg -40 to +125 °C Junction temperature range Tj 125 °C Ambient temperature range Tamb -10 to +100 °C Symbol Value Unit RthJA RthJA RthJA 120 180 100 K/W K/W K/W 12 Thermal Resistance Parameters Junction ambient DIP16 SO16 on p.c. SO16 on ceramic 7 4766A–INDCO–01/04 Electrical Characteristics Parameters Test Conditions Pin Symbol Min. -VS -VS 14.5 14.6 Typ. Max. Unit 16.5 16.8 V V 3.6 mA 9.2 9.1 V V 11 Supply Supply-voltage limitation -IS = 3.5 mA -IS = 30 mA Current requirement -VS = 13.0 V 1, 2, 8 and 15 open -IS 8 Reference Voltage Source Reference voltage IL = 10 µA IL = 2.5 mA -VRef -VRef Temperature coefficient IS = 2.5 mA IS = 10 µA TCVRef TCVRef -0.004 +0.006 8.9 8.8 -VSon 11.3 %/K %/K 11 Voltage Monitoring Turn-on threshold Phase Control Synchronization Input current 8.6 8.4 ±IL = 2 mA Input current Current synchronization V 2 mA 15 Voltage sync. Voltage limitation 12.3 ±IsyncV 0.15 ±VsyncV 8.0 9.0 V 16 ±IsyncI 3 8.5 30 µA Charging current 14 -Ij 1 100 µA 1.85 2.05 V Reference Ramp, see Figure 5 on page 10 1.95 Start voltage 3 -Vmax Temperature coefficient of start voltage 3 TCR -0.003 Final voltage 3 -Vmin (V8 ± 200 mV) Rj - reference voltage Ij = 10 µA 11, 14 VRj Temperature coefficient Ij = 10 µA Ij = 1 µA 14 TCVRj TCVRj Pulse output current V16 = -1.2 V, Figure 6 on page 10 16 I0 Output pulse width VS = Vlimit C3 = 3.3 nF, see Figure 7 on page 11 16 tp 0.96 1.02 %/K 1.10 0.03 0.06 100 125 V %/K %/K 150 30 mA µs Automatic Retriggering Repetition rate I15 ³ 150 µA tpp 3 ±VI 20 Starting current V7 = V8 -I0 5 Final current V7-10 = -1V -I0 15 +I0 0.5 +I0 0.2 Gi 14 Threshold voltage 16 Soft Start, see Figure 8 on page 11 and Figure 9 on page 11 Output current 4 Mains Voltage Comensation see Figure 10 on page 12 15 I15/I5 Output offset current V(R6) = V15 = V5 = 0 8 7.5 tp 60 mV 10 15 µA 25 40 µA 7 Discharge current Transfer gain 5 15/5 (1 and 2 open) ±I0 mA 2 17 mA 20 2 µA U2010B 4766A–INDCO–01/04 U2010B Electrical Characteristics (Continued) Parameters Test Conditions Pin Symbol Min. Typ. Max. Unit GI 0.28 0.32 0.37 µA/mV 5, 6 , 7, 8 -I0 0 3 6 µA 1, 2 -VRef 300 400 mV 250 mV Load-current Detection, R1 = R2 = 3 kW, V15 = 0, V5 = V6 = V8, see Figure 11 on page 12 Transfer gain I5/150 mV, I6/150 mV Output offset currents Reference voltage I1, I2 = 100 µA Shunt voltage amplitude See Figure 2 on page 2 ±V(R6) 6, 7, 8 Load-current Limitation High load switching Threshold VT70 Figure 13 on page 13 VT70 4 4.35 4.7 V Overload switching Threshold VT100 Figure 14 on page 13 Figure 15 on page 13 VT100 5.8 6.2 6.6 V Restart switching Threshold VT25 Figure 12 on page 12 VT25 1.25 1.55 1.85 V Input current Enquiry mode 1 µA Output impedance Switching mode Programming Input, see Figure 2 on page 2 Input voltage - auto-start Input current R0 2 4 8 kW -V9 3.8 4.3 4.7 V -I9 I9 5 5 10 10 20 20 µA µA Vsat Vlim 0.5 7.0 0.75 7.4 1.0 7.8 V V 9 9 open V9 = 0 (amax) V9 = V8 (Imax) High Load Output, VT70, see Figure 13 on page 13, I12 = -3mA Saturation voltages Ii 11, 12 V6-8 £ VT70 V6-8 ³ VT70 Overload Output, VT100, V9 = Open or V9 = V10, see Figure 14 on page 13 Leakage current V6-8 £ VT25, V13 = (V11+1)V Saturation voltages V6-8 ³ VT100, I13 = 10 µA Output current, maximum load 13 Ilkg 0.5 µA 11, 12, 13 Vsat 0.1 V V9 = V8, see Figure 14 on page 13 13 I13 1 mA Leakage current V6 £ VT100 13 Ilkg 4 µA Output impedance Open collector, V6 ³ VT100 13 R0 8 kW Saturation voltage V6-8 ³ VT100, I13 = 10 µA 13 V13-8 2 4 100 mV 9 4766A–INDCO–01/04 Diagrams Figure 5. Ramp Control Phase Angle α (°) 250 200 33 nF 10 nF 6.8 nF 4.7 nF 3.3 nF 2.2 nF 150 100 Cϕ/t = 1.5 nF 50 0 0 200 400 600 800 1000 Rϕ (R8) (kΩ) Figure 6. Pulse Output 120 VGT = -1.2 V 100 IGT (mA) 80 60 40 20 0 0 200 400 600 800 1000 RGT (Ω) 10 U2010B 4766A–INDCO–01/04 U2010B Figure 7. Output Pulse Width 400 ∆ tp/∆ Cϕ = 9 µs/nF tp = (µs) 300 200 100 0 0 10 30 20 Cϕ = (nF) Figure 8. Soft-start Charge Current 50 VS = 13 V V6 = V8 I7 (µA) 40 30 Reference Point Pin 8 20 10 0 0 2.5 5.0 10 7.5 V7 (V) Figure 9. Soft-start Characteristic 12 Reference Point Pin 8 10 1 µF V7 (V) 8 2.2 µF 4.7 µF 6 Cϕ = 10 µF VS = -13 V 4 V6 = V8 2 0 0 2 4 6 8 1 0 t (s) 11 4766A–INDCO–01/04 Figure 10. Mains Voltage Compensation 0 I5 (µA) 40 80 120 160 Pins 1 and 2 open VS = -13 V 200 -2 -1 Reference Point Pin 10 0 2 1 I15 (mA) Figure 11. Load-current Detection 200 V6 = VRef = V8 VS = -13 V V15 = V10 = 0 V I5 (µA) 160 Reference Point Pin 8 120 80 40 0 -400 -200 0 400 200 V(R6)(mV) Figure 12. Restart Switching Auto Start Mode 20 VS = -13 V Pin 9 open 16 -V13-10 (V) Reference Points: V13 = pin 10, V 6 = pin 8 12 8 4 VT25 VT100 0 0 2 4 6 8 1 0 V6-8 (V) 12 U2010B 4766A–INDCO–01/04 U2010B Figure 13. High Load Switching (70%) 10 I12 = -3 mA V11-12 (V) 8 6 4 Reference point, pin 8 2 VT170 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 V6 (V) Figure 14. Overload Switching 12 10 VS = -13 V V9 = V8 -V13-10 (V) 8 Reference Points: V13 = pin 10, V 6 = pin 8 6 4 2 VT100 0 0 2 4 6 8 1 0 t (s) Figure 15. Load Limitation 20 VS = -13 V V9 = V10 V13-10 (V) 16 Reference Points: V13 = pin 10, V6 = pin 8 12 8 4 VT100 0 0 2 4 6 8 1 0 V6-8 (V) 13 4766A–INDCO–01/04 Figure 16. Power Dissipation of R1 10 PV (W) 8 6 4 2 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 R1 (kΩ) Figure 17. Power Dissipation of R1 According to Current Consumption 10 8 PV (W) VM = 230 V ~ 6 4 2 0 0 3 6 9 12 15 8 10 IS (mA) Figure 18. Maximum Resistance of R1 100 R1max (kW) 80 60 VM = 230 V ~ 40 20 0 0 2 4 6 IS (mA) 14 U2010B 4766A–INDCO–01/04 4766A–INDCO–01/04 Load 16 Limiting detector R2 N R6 1 3.3 kΩ R5 ^ V (R6) = ±250 mV 3.3 kΩ R4 180 Ω R3 2 Load current detector Current detector Automatic retriggering C3 4 Load current compensation 10 nF 3 Level shift ϕ = f(V4) R9 R8 - α max C5 0.1 µF 100 kΩ R 10 C4 2 Full wave rectifier 1 R 14 1 MΩ R 11 Overload Output 0.15 µF 5 D1 α max Mains voltage compensation 1 MΩ 470 kΩ 14 Phase control unit Voltage detector 15 R1 L 330 kΩ 18 kΩ/2 W 230 V ~ + 13 P1 50 kΩ Set point C2 4.7 µF 7 R7 8.2 kΩ Overload threshold 6 Soft start Voltage monitoring U2010B C I max B Autostart A αmax Supply voltage 11 C7 1 µF 8 Reference voltage 70% Programmable overload protection 100% High load 12 VS LED D3 D2 S1 100 kΩ R 13 1N4148 9 GND 10 R 12 T1 1 µF C6 220 kΩ A B C 22 µF C1 U2010B Figure 19. Application Circuit 15 Ordering Information Extended Type Number Package Remarks U2010B-x DIP16 Tube U2010B-xFP SO16 Tube U2010B-xFPG3 SO16 Taped and reeled Package Information Package DIP16 Dimensions in mm 7.82 7.42 20.0 max 4.8 max 6.4 max 0.5 min 3.3 1.64 1.44 0.58 0.48 2.54 0.39 max 9.75 8.15 17.78 Alternative 16 9 technical drawings according to DIN specifications 1 16 8 U2010B 4766A–INDCO–01/04 U2010B Package SO16 Dimensions in mm 5.2 4.8 10.0 9.85 3.7 1.4 0.25 0.10 0.4 1.27 6.15 5.85 8.89 16 0.2 3.8 9 technical drawings according to DIN specifications 1 8 17 4766A–INDCO–01/04 Atmel Corporation 2325 Orchard Parkway San Jose, CA 95131, USA Tel: 1(408) 441-0311 Fax: 1(408) 487-2600 Regional Headquarters Europe Atmel Sarl Route des Arsenaux 41 Case Postale 80 CH-1705 Fribourg Switzerland Tel: (41) 26-426-5555 Fax: (41) 26-426-5500 Asia Room 1219 Chinachem Golden Plaza 77 Mody Road Tsimshatsui East Kowloon Hong Kong Tel: (852) 2721-9778 Fax: (852) 2722-1369 Japan 9F, Tonetsu Shinkawa Bldg. 1-24-8 Shinkawa Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0033 Japan Tel: (81) 3-3523-3551 Fax: (81) 3-3523-7581 Atmel Operations Memory 2325 Orchard Parkway San Jose, CA 95131, USA Tel: 1(408) 441-0311 Fax: 1(408) 436-4314 RF/Automotive Theresienstrasse 2 Postfach 3535 74025 Heilbronn, Germany Tel: (49) 71-31-67-0 Fax: (49) 71-31-67-2340 Microcontrollers 2325 Orchard Parkway San Jose, CA 95131, USA Tel: 1(408) 441-0311 Fax: 1(408) 436-4314 La Chantrerie BP 70602 44306 Nantes Cedex 3, France Tel: (33) 2-40-18-18-18 Fax: (33) 2-40-18-19-60 ASIC/ASSP/Smart Cards 1150 East Cheyenne Mtn. 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The Company assumes no responsibility for any errors which may appear in this document, reserves the right to change devices or specifications detailed herein at any time without notice, and does not make any commitment to update the information contained herein. No licenses to patents or other intellectual property of Atmel are granted by the Company in connection with the sale of Atmel products, expressly or by implication. Atmel’s products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems. © Atmel Corporation 2004. All rights reserved. Atmel ® and combinations thereof are the registered trademarks of Atmel Corporation or its subsidiaries. Other terms and product names may be the trademarks of others. Printed on recycled paper. 4766A–INDCO–01/04