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MAX44284
36V, Input Common-Mode, High-Precision,
Low-Power Current-Sense Amplifier
General Description
The MAX44284 is a high-side, current-sense amplifier
that operates with a 1.7V to 5.5V single supply and is
optimized for very low power operation with only 21µA of
quiescent current.
The MAX44284 offers precision accuracy specifications
of 2μV VOS and gain error of 0.05%. The device features
an input common-mode voltage range from -0.1V to
+36V. This current-sense amplifier has a voltage output
and is offered in four different gain versions.
The MAX44284 is offered in small 6-bump, 0.4mm-pitch
WLP (1.3mm x 0.9mm) and 6-pin SOT23 packages and is
specified for operation over the -40°C to +125°C automotive
temperature range.
Applications
●
●
●
●
●
●
Benefits and Features
● Supports Use of Small Current-Sense Resistors to
Improve Power-Supply Conversion Efficiency and
Measurement Accuracy
• Input Bias Current of 80nA (max)
• Very Low 2μV Input Offset Voltage (MAX44284F/H)
• Extremely Low 50nV/°C Input Offset Tempco
Coefficient
• -0.1V to +36V Wide Input Common-Mode Range
• Low 0.05% Gain Error
● Extends Battery Life
• Low Supply Current of 21μA
• 1.7V to 5.5V Single Supply
• Shutdown Input (Independent of VDD)
● Four Fixed Gain Options Simplify Design
•
50V/V – MAX44284F
•
100V/V – MAX44284H
•
200V/V – MAX44284W
•
500V/V – MAX44284E
Smartphones and Tablets
Notebook Computers
DC-DC Current Sensing in Power Management
Portable-/Battery-Powered Systems
Medical Pulse Oximeters and Infusion Pumps
Base-Stations
Ordering Information appears at end of data sheet.
Typical Application Circuit
ILOAD
RSENSE
VBATT = UP TO 36V
RS+
RS-
LOAD
VDD = 3.3V
OUT
MAX44284
VDD = 3.3V
µC
ADC
19-6862; Rev 8; 8/18
MAX44284
36V, Input Common-Mode, High-Precision,
Low-Power Current-Sense Amplifier
Absolute Maximum Ratings
VDD to GND.............................................................-0.3V to +6V
RS+, RS- to GND...................................................-0.3V to +40V
RS+ to RS-...........................................................................±40V
OUT, SHDN to GND.................................. -0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V)
Continuous Input Current (any pin)...................................±20mA
Continuous Power Dissipation (TA = +70°C)
WLP (derate 10.5mW/°C above +70°C).......................840mW
SOT23 (derate 4.3mW/°C above +70°C)..................347.8mW
Operating Temperature Range.......................... -40°C to +125°C
Junction Temperature.......................................................+150°C
Storage Temperature Range............................. -65°C to +150°C
Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................. +300°C
Soldering Temperature (reflow)........................................+260°C
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these
or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect
device reliability.
Package Information
6 SOT23
PACKAGE CODE
U6+1, U6+1A
Outline Number
21-0058
Land Pattern Number
90-0175
Thermal Resistance, Single-Layer Board:
Junction to Ambient - θJA (C/W)
N/A
Junction to Case - θJC (C/W)
80
Thermal Resistance, Multi-Layer Board
Junction to Ambient (θJA) (C/W)
115
Junction to Case (θJC) (C/W)
80
6 WLP
PACKAGE CODE
W60A1+1
Outline Number
21-0656
Land Pattern Number
Refer to Application Note 1891
Thermal Resistance, Multi-Layer Board
Junction to Ambient (θJA) (C/W)
95.15
Junction to Case (θJC) (C/W)
N/A
For the latest package outline information and land patterns (footprints), go to www.maximintegrated.com/packages. Note that a “+”,
“#”, or “-” in the package code indicates RoHS status only. Package drawings may show a different suffix character, but the drawing
pertains to the package regardless of RoHS status.
Package thermal resistances were obtained using the method described in JEDEC specification JESD51-7, using a four-layer board.
For detailed information on package thermal considerations, refer to www.maximintegrated.com/thermal-tutorial.
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Maxim Integrated │ 2
MAX44284
36V, Input Common-Mode, High-Precision,
Low-Power Current-Sense Amplifier
Electrical Characteristics
(VDD = 3.3V, VCM = 12V, VSENSE = VFS/2, VFS = (VDD - VOH - VOL)/Gain, VSHDN = VDD, RL = 10kΩ to GND, TA = -40°C to +125°C,
unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
5.5
V
0.3
0.8
μA
21
31.2
POWER SUPPLY
Supply Voltage
Shutdown Supply Current
Supply Current
VDD
Guaranteed by PSRR
1.7
ISHDN
IDD
Power-Supply Rejection
Ratio
PSRR
Shutdown Voltage Low
VIL
Shutdown Voltage High
VIH
TA = +25°C, RL= ∞
-40°C ≤ TA ≤ +125°C, RL= ∞
1.7V ≤ VDD ≤ 5.5V, VOUT = 1V
41.5
100
110
μA
dB
0.55
1.3
V
V
DC CHARACTERISTICS
Input Common-Mode Voltage
Range
Common-Mode Rejection
Ratio (Note 5)
Input Bias Current
Input Offset Current
VCM
CMRR
Guaranteed by CMRR
-0.1
+36
-0.1V ≤ VCM ≤ +36V, VCM = RS-
91.3
140
+0.1V ≤ VCM ≤ +36V, VCM = RS(Note 7)
120
145
2
80
nA
IOS
2
50
nA
±2
±10
MAX44284F
(-40°C ≤TA ≤ +125°C)
MAX44284H (TA = +25°C)
VOS
±28
±2
MAX44284H
(-40°C ≤TA ≤ +125°C)
MAX44284W (TA = +25°C)
MAX44284E (TA = +25°C)
±10
Gain
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G
±20.5
μV
±38
±15
MAX44284E
(-40°C ≤TA ≤ +125°C)
TCVOS
±12
±28
MAX44284W
(-40°C ≤TA ≤ +125°C)
Input Offset Voltage
Temperature Drift
dB
IRS+, IRSMAX44284F (TA = +25°C)
Input Offset Voltage (Note 3)
V
±26
±40
50
MAX44284F
50
MAX44284H
100
MAX44284W
200
MAX44284E
500
nV°C
V/V
Maxim Integrated │ 3
MAX44284
36V, Input Common-Mode, High-Precision,
Low-Power Current-Sense Amplifier
Electrical Characteristics (continued)
(VDD = 3.3V, VCM = 12V, VSENSE = VFS/2, VFS = (VDD - VOH - VOL)/Gain, VSHDN = VDD, RL = 10kΩ to GND, TA = -40°C to +125°C,
unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER
SYMBOL
CONDITIONS
MAX44284F (TA = +25°C)
MIN
TYP
MAX
0.05
0.15
MAX44284F
(-40°C ≤TA ≤ +125°C)
MAX44284H (TA = +25°C)
Gain Error (Note 4)
GE
0.20
0.05
MAX44284H
(-40°C ≤TA ≤ +125°C)
MAX44284W (TA = +25°C)
0.05
Output Voltage High
VOH
0.05
VOL
No load
25
Output Impedance
0.16
35
mV
20
0.3
ISINK = 100µA
Input Differential Impedance
%
0.39
ISOURCE = 100μA
Output Voltage Low
0.15
0.35
MAX44284E
(-40°C ≤TA ≤ +125°C)
VOH = VDD - VOUT,
RL = 10kW to GND
0.15
0.26
MAX44284W
(-40°C ≤TA ≤ +125°C)
MAX44284E (TA = +25°C)
UNITS
1
20
mV
6
MW
200
mW
AC CHARACTERISTICS
Small-Signal Bandwidth
Input Voltage-Noise Density
AC Common-Mode Rejection
Ratio
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BW3dB
en
AC CMRR
MAX44284F
3
MAX44284H
1.8
MAX44284W
1
MAX44284E
0.4
f = 1kHz
150
nV/√Hz
f = 10kHz, 600mVP-P sinusoidal
waveform
80
dB
kHz
Maxim Integrated │ 4
MAX44284
36V, Input Common-Mode, High-Precision,
Low-Power Current-Sense Amplifier
Electrical Characteristics (continued)
(VDD = 3.3V, VCM = 12V, VSENSE = VFS/2, VFS = (VDD - VOH - VOL)/Gain, VSHDN = VDD, RL = 10kΩ to GND, TA = -40°C to +125°C,
unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at TA = +25°C.) (Note 2)
PARAMETER
Settling Time
Capacitive Load
SYMBOL
tS
CL
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
VOUT from 250mV to 2.5V,
Gain = 50, within 12-bit accuracy
1500
VOUT from 250mV to 2.5V,
Gain = 100, within 12-bit
accuracy
1500
VOUT from 250mV to 2.5V,
Gain = 200, within 12-bit
accuracy
1800
VOUT from 250mV to 2.5V,
Gain = 500, within 12-bit
accuracy
4000
RISO = 0W
500
RISO = 20W
2200
MAX
UNITS
µs
pF
Note 2: All devices are 100% production tested at TA = +25°C. All temperature limits are guaranteed by design.
Note 3: VOS is calculated by applying two values of VSENSE (10% of full-scale range to 90% of full-scale range).
Note 4: Gain Error is calculated by applying two values of VSENSE (10% of full-scale range to 90% of full-scale range) and calculating the error of the slope, vs. the ideal.
Note 5: CMRR measurement is done at VOUT = VDD/2 condition.
Note 6: PSRR measurement is done at VOUT = 1V condition.
Note 7: Parameter is guaranteed by design.
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Maxim Integrated │ 5
MAX44284
36V, Input Common-Mode, High-Precision,
Low-Power Current-Sense Amplifier
Typical Operating Characteristics
(TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
34
SUPPLY CURRENT (µA)
25
23
21
VDD = 5.5V
30
VDD = 3.3V
28
26
24
VDD = 1.7V
-25
0
25
50
75
100
TEMPERATURE (°C)
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
0
25
50
75
TEMPERATURE (°C)
100
125
SUPPLY CURRENT (µA)
VDD = 5.5V
28
VDD = 3.3V
26
25
24
-25
0
25
50
75
100
HISTOGRAM
16
30
ALL GAIN
OPTIONS
8
6
4
125
25
TA = +125ºC
24
23
TA = +85ºC
-1
4
9
14
TA = +25ºC
19
24
29
34
INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE HISTOGRAM
toc04a
HISTOGRAM
25
OCCURRENCE N (%)
10
100
TA = -40ºC
26
INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE HISTOGRAM
12
75
VCM (V)
toc03
14
OCCURRENCE N (%)
27
GAIN = 50V/V
GAIN = 100V/V
20
15
10
toc04b
16
14
OCCURRENCE N (%)
GAIN ERROR HISTOGRAM
50
28
20
125
TEMPERATURE (°C)
18
25
VDD = 3.3V
21
22
-50
0
22
VDD = 1.7V
23
-25
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. COMMON VOLTAGE
29
27
VDD = 1.7V
-50
30
30
29
20
TEMPERATURE (°C)
GAIN = 500V/V
31
SUPPLY CURRENT (µA)
-25
toc01d
32
VDD = 3.3V
21
17
-50
125
22
18
20
-50
VDD = 5.5V
23
19
VDD = 1.7V
22
17
toc01c
GAIN = 200V/V
24
32
VDD = 5.5V
19
25
MAX44284 toc02
VDD = 3.3V
27
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
toc01b
GAIN = 100V/V
GAIN = 50V/V
29
SUPPLY CURRENT (µA)
toc01a
SUPPLY CURRENT (µA)
SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
HISTOGRAM
GAIN = 200V/V
12
10
8
6
4
5
2
2
0
0
0
-0.08 -0.06 -0.04 -0.02 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08
GAIN ERROR (%)
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-6
-4
-2
0
2
4
INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE (μ V )
6
-20-18-16-14-12-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE ( μ V )
Maxim Integrated │ 6
MAX44284
36V, Input Common-Mode, High-Precision,
Low-Power Current-Sense Amplifier
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
toc05
8
HISTOGRAM
GAIN = 50V/V
0.6
6
SUPPLY CURRENT (µA)
OCCURRENCE N (%)
0.7
ALL GAIN
OPTIONS
7
5
4
3
2
MAX44284 toc06
SHUTDOWN SUPPLY CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE DRIFT HISTOGRAM
VDD = 5.5V
0.5
0.4
VDD = 3.3V
0.3
VDD = 1.7V
0.2
1
0.1
0
0
-60 -50 -40 -30 -20 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE DRIFT (nV/°C)
-40 -20
0
20
40
60
80
100 120
TEMPERATURE (°C)
MAX44284 toc07
VDD = 3.3V
800
700
800
700
VOL (mV)
400
300
600
500
400
300
200
200
100
100
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
10
0
2
4
10
INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE
vs. TEMPERATURE
GAIN ERROR
vs. INPUT COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE
toc09
0.05
GAIN = 50V/V
25
0.04
GAIN = 200
GAIN ERROR (%)
20
10
8
ISINK (mA)
30
15
6
IOUT (mA)
MAX44284 toc10
VOH (mV)
500
INPUT OFFSET VOLTAGE (µV)
VDD = 3.3V
900
600
0
VOL vs. ISINK
1000
MAX44284 toc08
VOH vs. IOUT
900
GAIN = 50VV
GAIN =
100V/V
5
0.03
0.02
0.01
0
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
TEMPERATURE (°C)
100
125
0
-0.1
4.9
9.9
14.9 19.9 24.9 29.9 34.9
VCM (V)
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Maxim Integrated │ 7
MAX44284
36V, Input Common-Mode, High-Precision,
Low-Power Current-Sense Amplifier
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
0.045
0.040
0.030
0.025
0.020
0.04
GAIN = 100V/V
0.02
0.010
-0.02
0.005
-50
1.7 2.1 2.5 2.8 3.2 3.6 4.0 4.4 4.7 5.1 5.5
VDD (V)
120
VCM = -0.1V to +36V
110
50
75
100
125
MAX44284 toc14
130
PSRR (dB)
CMRR (dB)
VCM = 0 to 36V
130
25
140
150
140
0
POWER-SUPPLY REJECTION RATIO
vs. TEMPERATURE
150
MAX44284 toc13
160
-25
TEMPERATURE (°C)
COMMON-MODE REJECTION RATIO
vs. TEMPERATURE
170
120
110
100
90
100
80
90
-50
-25
0
25
50
75
TEMPERATURE (ºC)
70
125
100
INPUT BIAS CURRENT
vs. INPUT COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE
10
0
INPUT BIAS CURRENT (nA)
TA = +85°C
-200
-400
-600
-800
TA = +125°C
-1000
-1
3
7
11
15
19
23
27
INPUT COMMON-MODE VOLTAGE(V)
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31
0
25
50
75
TEMPERATURE (ºC)
VCM = 12V
100
125
toc16
FOR ALL GAIN
OPTIONS
8
6
4
2
0
-2
FOR ALL GAIN
OPTIONS
-1200
-25
12
TA = -40°C
TA =
+25°C
-50
INPUT BIAS CURRENT
vs. TEMPERATURE
toc15
200
INPUT BIAS CURRENT (nA)
GAIN = 200 V/V
-0.04
180
80
GAIN = 500V/V
0
0.015
0
GAIN = 50V/V
0.06
GAIN ERROR (%)
0.035
toc12
0.08
MAX44284 toc11
0.050
GAIN ERROR (%)
GAIN ERROR
vs. TEMPERATURE
GAIN ERROR vs. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
-4
35
-40 -25 -10 5
20 35 50 65 80 95 110 125
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Maxim Integrated │ 8
MAX44284
36V, Input Common-Mode, High-Precision,
Low-Power Current-Sense Amplifier
Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)
(TA = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)
MAGNITUDE (dB)
G = 200V/V
50
40
30
G = 100V/V
20
G = 50V/V
10
0
-10
-20
100
10
0
10
100
1k
10k
INPUT-VOLTAGE NOISE vs. FREQUENCY
MAX44284 toc18
G = 500V/V
60
1000
INPUT VOLTAGE NOISE (nV√Hz)
70
MAX44284 toc17
GAIN vs. FREQUENCY
80
100k
0.1
1
10
100
1k
10k
100k
FREQUENCY (Hz)
FREQUENCY (Hz)
SMALL-SIGNAL INPUT STEP RESPONSE
(VDD = 3.3V, RL = Open, G = 100V/V)
0.1Hz TO 10Hz PEAK-TO-PEAK NOISE
MAX44284 toc20
MAX44284 toc19
6mV
VIN
3mV
VOUT
1µV/div
600mV
VOUT
300mV
1s/div
400µs/div
LARGE-SIGNAL INPUT STEP RESPONSE
(VCC = 3.3V, RL = Open)
STABILITY vs. CAPACITIVE
AND RISO IN SERIES WITH CLOAD
MAX44284 toc21
toc22
10000
30mV
VIN
1000
STABLE
100
3V
VOUT
0.3V
RISO (Ω)
3mV
UNSTABLE
10
1
0.1
0.01
400µs/div
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100
1000
10000
CAPACITIVE LOAD (pF)
100000
Maxim Integrated │ 9
MAX44284
36V, Input Common-Mode, High-Precision,
Low-Power Current-Sense Amplifier
Pin Configurations
TOP VIEW
TOP VIEW
VDD
1
+
6
SHDN
VDD
OUT
A1
A2
A3
B1
B2
B3
+
MAX44284
MAX44284
RS+
GND
2
5
OUT
RS+
3
4
RS-
RS-
SOT23
GND SHDN
WLP
Pin Description
PIN
BUMP
SOT23
WLP
1
A2
VDD
Power-Supply Voltage Input. Bypass VDD to GND with 0.1μF and 4.7μF
capacitors in parallel as close as possible to the device.
2
B2
GND
Ground
3
A1
RS+
External Sense Resistor Power-Side Connection
4
B1
RS-
External Sense Resistor Load-Side Connection
5
A3
OUT
Output Voltage. VOUT is proportional to VSENSE = VRS+ - VRS-.
6
B3
SHDN
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NAME
FUNCTION
Active-Low Shutdown Input. Connect to VDD for normal operation.
Maxim Integrated │ 10
MAX44284
36V, Input Common-Mode, High-Precision,
Low-Power Current-Sense Amplifier
Detailed Description
The MAX44284 family features a single-supply; highaccuracy unidirectional, current-sense amplifier in various
gain options and a -0.1V to 36V input common-mode
range that is independent of supply voltage (VDD). The
MAX44284 is ideal for many battery-powered, handheld
devices because it uses only maximum 31.2μA quiescent
supply current to extend battery life. The device’s low
input offset voltage, tight gain error, and low temperature
drift characteristics allow the use of small-sense resistors
for current measurements to improve power-supply conversion efficiency and accuracy of measurements. This
feature allows monitoring of power-supply load current
even if the rail is shorted to ground. High-side current
monitoring does not interfere with the ground path of the
load being measured, making the IC particularly useful in
a wide range of high-reliability systems.
Because of its extended common-mode range below
ground, this part can also be used as a low-side current
sensing element.
Shutdown
The MAX44284 features active-low logic shutdown input
to reduce the supply current. Drive SHDN high for normal
operation. Drive SHDN low to place the device in shutdown mode. In shutdown mode, the supply current drawn
from the VDD is less than 1μA (max).
power dissipation in battery-powered systems, as well as
load regulation issues in low-voltage DC power supplies.
Working with error tolerances with very few internal
blocks in this architecture is instrumental in achieving a
gain error of less than 0.20% over the entire temperature
range of -40°C to +125°C.
Applications Information
Input Differential Signal Range
The MAX44284’s input structure is optimized for sensing small differential signals as low as 3.4mV full scale
(VFS) for high efficiency with lowest power dissipation in
the sense resistor, or 110mV full scale for high dynamic
range. The input differential signal range is determined
by the following equation for the MAX44248 family.
V(SENSE RANGE) =
The input differential voltage range is estimated for
VDD from 1.7V to 5.5V for different gain values of the
MAX44284 as shown in Table 1
Ideally, the maximum load current develops the full-scale
sense voltage across the current-sense resistor. Choose
the gain needed to yield the maximum output voltage
required for the application:
V=
OUT GAIN × VSENSE
Precision
The MAX44284 uses capacitive-coupled Instrumentation
amplifier architecture that enables the part to achieve
over the top common-mode voltage ranges, high power
efficiency, high gain accuracy, and low-power design.
Low Offset Voltage and Low Gain Error
The MAX44284 utilizes Capacitive-Coupled Chopper
Instrumentation Amplifier (CCIA) architecture to achieve
a low-input offset voltage of less than 10µA. These techniques also enable extremely low-input offset voltage drift
over time and temperature to 50nV/°C. The precision VOS
specification allows accurate current measurements with
lower values of current-sense resistors, thus reducing
VDD
GAIN
Choosing the Sense Resistor
Voltage Loss
A high RSENSE value causes the power-source voltage
to drop due to IR loss. For minimal voltage loss, use the
lowest RSENSE value.
Accuracy
Use the below linear equation to calculate total error:
VOUT=
(GAIN ± GE) ×
VSENSE ± (GAIN × VOS )
Table 1. VSENSE Input Range
PART
GAIN (V/V)
VSENSE RANGE (mV) with VDD (1.7V)
VSENSE RANGE (mV) with VDD (5.5V)
MAX44284F
50
34
110
MAX44284H
100
17
55
MAX44284W
200
8.5
27.5
MAX44284E
500
3.4
11
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Maxim Integrated │ 11
MAX44284
36V, Input Common-Mode, High-Precision,
Low-Power Current-Sense Amplifier
A high RSENSE value allows lower currents to be measured more accurately because offsets are less significant
when the sense voltage is larger. Note that the tolerance and temperature coefficient of the chosen resistors
directly affect the precision of any measurement system. For best performance, select RSENSE to provide
approximately maximum input differential sense voltage of
110mV (MAX44284F) or 55mV (MAX44284H) or 27.5mV
(MAX44284W) or 11mV (MAX44284E) of sense voltage for
the full-scale current in each application. Sense resistors of
5mΩ to 100mΩ are available with 1% accuracy or better.
RSENSE
RIN
CIN
LOAD
CIN
RS+
RS-
MAX44284
Efficiency and Power Dissipation
At high current levels, the I2R losses in RSENSE can be
significant. This should be taken into consideration when
choosing the resistor value and its power dissipation
(wattage) rating. The sense resistor’s value will drift if it
is allowed to heat up excessively. The precision VOS of
the MAX44284 allows the use of small sense resistors to
reduce power dissipation and reduce hot spots.
RIN
OUT
GND
Figure 1. Differential Input Filtering
RSENSE
Kelvin Connections
Because of the high currents that may flow through
RSENSE based on the application, take care to eliminate
solder and parasitic trace resistance from causing errors
in the sense voltage. Either use a four-terminal currentsense resistor or use Kelvin (force and sense) PCB layout
techniques.
Input Filtering
Some applications of current-sense amplifiers need to
measure currents accurately even in the presence of both
differential and common-mode ripple, as well as a wide
variety of input transient conditions.
The MAX44284 allows two methods of filtering to help
improve performance in the presence of input commonmode voltage and input differential voltage transients.
Figure 1 shows a differential input filter. The capacitor
CIN across RS+ and RS- along with the resistor RIN helps
filter against input differential voltages and prevents them
from reaching the MAX44284. The corner frequency of
this filter is determined by the choice of RIN, CIN. Figure 2
shows a common-mode input filter. The choice of capacitance depends on corner frequency after RIN is chosen.
In case of mismatch or error in application design, an
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RIN
RIN
LOAD
CIN
RS+
RS-
MAX44284
OUT
GND
Figure 2. Input Common-Mode Filtering
additional DC error is accumulated as offset voltage and
increased gain error.
VOS =(R IN × I OFFSET ) + (DR IN × IBIAS )
DRIN is the resistance mismatch in RIN at RS+ and RS-.
If DRIN is too small, its effect can be neglected. Since
IOFFSET of the MAX44284 is smaller than 2nA, and if we
want to make sure VOS is lesser than 1µV range, choosing
R IN < (VOS ÷ I OFFSET )
Maxim Integrated │ 12
MAX44284
36V, Input Common-Mode, High-Precision,
Low-Power Current-Sense Amplifier
Output Filtering
For gain error, it depends on its input impedance and RIN.
The internal architecture of the MAX44284 suppresses the DC
offset, 1/f noise, and accumulates at higher frequencies so that
they can be filtered out. Hence, minute AC disturbances
can be observed at 10kHz and 20kHz. It is recommended
to add an output filter after the MAX44284 to avoid noise
and unwanted frequency disturbances at the output with
4kHz -3dB fc (see Figure 3).
−R IN
GainError =
2 × Z IN
Avoid additional gain error shift due to the effect of RIN.
For gain error, the MAX44284 is 0.15%. If the margin of
additional effect of RIN results in a gain error shift of less
than 0.02%, then:
R IN <
(Suggested values of C and R: 22nF and 1.8kΩ, respectively.)
Bidirectional Application
0.02%
600
=W
2 × Z IN
Battery-powered systems may require a precise bidirectional
current-sense amplifier to accurately monitor the battery’s
charge and discharge currents. Measurements of the two
separate outputs with respect to GND yield an accurate
measure of the charge and discharge currents, respectively
(Figure 4).
So RIN can be chosen ≤ 500Ω.
LOAD
CIN
MAX44284
RIN
RSENSE
RIN
RSCIN2
R
OUT
RS+
C
CIN
VBATT
Figure 3. Filtering
ILOAD
RSENSE
TO WALL-CUBE
CHARGER
VBATT
UP TO 36V
LOAD
RS+
RS-
RS+
RS-
VDD = 3.3V
OUT
MAX44284
OUT
MAX44284
µC
ADC
ADC
Figure 4. Bidirectional Application
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Maxim Integrated │ 13
MAX44284
36V, Input Common-Mode, High-Precision,
Low-Power Current-Sense Amplifier
Ordering Information
PART
GAIN (V/V)
TEMP RANGE
PIN-PACKAGE
TOP MARK
MAX44284FAWT+
50
-40°C to +125°C
6 WLP
+CX
MAX44284FAUT+
50
-40°C to +125°C
6 SOT23
+ACSF
MAX44284FAUT/V+T*
50
-40°C to +125°C
6 SOT23
—
MAX44284HAWT+
100
-40°C to +125°C
6 WLP
+CY
MAX44284HAUT+
100
-40°C to +125°C
6 SOT23
+ACSG
MAX44284WAWT+
200
-40°C to +125°C
6 WLP
+CZ
MAX44284WAUT+
200
-40°C to +125°C
6 SOT23
+ACSH
MAX44284EAWT+
500
-40°C to +125°C
6 WLP
+DA
MAX44284EAUT+
500
-40°C to +125°C
6 SOT23
+ACSI
+Denotes a lead(Pb)-free/RoHS-compliant package
*Future product—Contact factory for availability.
Chip Information
PROCESS: BiCMOS
www.maximintegrated.com
Maxim Integrated │ 14
MAX44284
36V, Input Common-Mode, High-Precision,
Low-Power Current-Sense Amplifier
Revision History
REVISION
NUMBER
REVISION
DATE
PAGES
CHANGED
0
12/13
Initial release
1
5/14
Updated Typical Operating Characteristics and the Ordering Information
8, 13
2
6/14
Corrected General Description and updated Electrical Characteristics globals
1–4
3
9/14
Released MAX44284E and updated the Electrical Characteristics
3, 13
4
1/15
Revised Benefits and Features section
1
5
11/17
Corrected typo in Output Filtering section
12
6
6/18
Updated TOC22
8
7
7/18
Updated Ordering Information table
13
8
8/18
Updated Package Information section and Typical Operating Characteristics
2, 8
DESCRIPTION
—
For pricing, delivery, and ordering information, please visit Maxim Integrated’s online storefront at https://www.maximintegrated.com/en/storefront/storefront.html.
Maxim Integrated cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim Integrated product. No circuit patent licenses
are implied. Maxim Integrated reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max limits)
shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance.
Maxim Integrated and the Maxim Integrated logo are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.
© 2018 Maxim Integrated Products, Inc. │ 15
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