LM350T

LM150, LM350-N, LM350A www.ti.com SNVS772B – MAY 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2013 LM150/LM350A/LM350 3-Amp Adjustable Regulators Check for Samples: LM150, LM350-N, LM350A FEATURES 1 • • • • • • • • 2 • • Adjustable Output Down to 1.2V Guaranteed 3A output Current Guaranteed Thermal Regulation Output is Short Circuit Protected Current Limit Constant with Temperature P+ Product Enhancement Tested 86 dB Ripple Rejection Ensured 1% Output Voltage Tolerance (LM350A) Ensured Max. 0.01%/V Line Regulation (LM350A) Ensured Max. 0.3% Load Regulation (LM350A) APPLICATIONS • • • Adjustable Power supplies Constant Current Regulators Battery Chargers DESCRIPTION The LM150 series of adjustable 3-terminal positive voltage regulators is capable of supplying in excess of 3A over a 1.2V to 33V output range. They are exceptionally easy to use and require only 2 external resistors to set the output voltage. Further, both line and load regulation are comparable to discrete designs. Also, the LM150 is packaged in standard transistor packages which are easily mounted and handled. In addition to higher performance than fixed regulators, the LM150 series offers full overload protection available only in IC's. Included on the chip are current limit, thermal overload protection and safe area protection. All overload protection circuitry remains fully functional even if the adjustment terminal is accidentally disconnected. Normally, no capacitors are needed unless the device is situated more than 6 inches from the input filter capacitors in which case an input bypass is needed. An output capacitor can be added to improve transient response, while bypassing the adjustment pin will increase the regulator's ripple rejection. Besides replacing fixed regulators or discrete designs, the LM150 is useful in a wide variety of other applications. Since the regulator is “floating” and sees only the input-to-output differential voltage, supplies of several hundred volts can be regulated as long as the maximum input to output differential is not exceeded, i.e., avoid short-circuiting the output. By connecting a fixed resistor between the adjustment pin and output, the LM150 can be used as a precision current regulator. Supplies with electronic shutdown can be achieved by clamping the adjustment terminal to ground which programs the output to 1.2V where most loads draw little current. The part numbers in the LM150 series which have a NDS suffix are packaged in a standard Steel TO-3 package, while those with a NDE suffix are packaged in a TO-220 plastic package. The LM150 is rated for −55°C ≤ TJ ≤ +150°C, while the LM350A is rated for −40°C ≤ TJ ≤ +125°C, and the LM350 is rated for 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ +125°C. Connection Diagram Case is Output Figure 1. (TO-3 STEEL) Metal Can Package Bottom View See Package Number NDS0002A Figure 2. (TO-220) Plastic Package Front View See Package Number NDE0003B 1 2 Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet. All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date. Products conform to specifications per the terms of the Texas Instruments standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include testing of all parameters. Copyright © 1998–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated LM150, LM350-N, LM350A SNVS772B – MAY 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates. Absolute Maximum Ratings (1) (2) (3) Power Dissipation Internally Limited Input-Output Voltage Differential +35V −65°C to +150°C Storage Temperature Lead Temperature Metal Package (Soldering, 10 sec.) 300°C Plastic Package (Soldering, 4 sec.) 260°C ESD Tolerance TBD Operating Temperature Range LM150 −55°C ≤ TJ ≤ +150°C LM350A −40°C ≤ TJ ≤ +125°C 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ +125°C LM350 (1) (2) (3) Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings indicate conditions for which the device is intended to be functional, but do not ensure specific performance limits. For ensured specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. Refer to RETS150K drawing for military specifications of the LM150K. If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the Texas Instruments Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. Electrical Characteristics Specifications with standard type face are for TJ= 25°C, and those with boldface type apply over full Operating Temperature Range. Unless otherwise specified, VIN− VOUT= 5V, and IOUT= 10 mA (1) Parameter Conditions LM150 Min Reference Voltage 3V ≤ (VIN − VOUT) ≤ 35V, 10 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A, P ≤ 30W Line Regulation 3V ≤ (VIN − VOUT) ≤ 35V (2) Load Regulation 10 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A (2) Thermal Regulation 20 ms Pulse 1.20 Adjustment Pin Current Typ Max 1.25 1.30 V 0.005 0.01 %/V 0.02 0.05 %/V 0.1 0.3 % 0.3 1 % 0.002 0.01 %/W 50 100 μA 0.2 5 μA 5 mA Adjustment Pin Current Change 10 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A, 3V ≤ (VIN − VOUT) ≤ 35V Temperature Stability TMIN ≤ TJ ≤ TMAX 1 Minimum Load Current VIN − VOUT = 35V 3.5 Current Limit RMS Output Noise, % of VOUT Ripple Rejection Ratio Units % VIN − VOUT ≤ 10V 3.0 4.5 VIN − VOUT = 30V 0.3 1 A 0.001 % 65 dB 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz VOUT = 10V, f = 120 Hz, CADJ = 0 μF VOUT = 10V, f = 120 Hz, CADJ = 10 μF 66 A 86 dB Long-Term Stability TJ = 125°C, 1000 hrs 0.3 1 % Thermal Resistance, Junction to Case NDS Package 1.2 1.5 °C/W Thermal Resistance, Junction to Ambient (No Heat Sink) NDS Package 35 (1) (2) 2 °C/W These specifications are applicable for power dissipations up to 30W for the TO-3 (NDS) package and 25W for the TO-220 (NDE) package. Power dissipation is ensured at these values up to 15V input-output differential. Above 15V differential, power dissipation will be limited by internal protection circuitry. All limits (i.e., the numbers in the Min. and Max. columns) are ensured to AOQL (Average Outgoing Quality Level). Regulation is measured at a constant junction temperature, using pulse testing with a low duty cycle. Changes in output voltage due to heating effects are covered under the specifications for thermal regulation. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 1998–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150 LM350-N LM350A LM150, LM350-N, LM350A www.ti.com SNVS772B – MAY 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2013 Electrical Characteristics Specifications with standard type face are for TJ = 25°C, and those with boldface type apply over full Operating Temperature Range. Unless otherwise specified, VIN − VOUT = 5V, and IOUT = 10 mA. (1) Parameter Conditions Reference Voltage IOUT = 10 mA, TJ = 25°C 3V ≤ (VIN − VOUT) ≤ 35V, 10 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A, P ≤ 30W Line Regulation 3V ≤ (VIN − VOUT) ≤ 35V (2) Load Regulation 10 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A (2) Thermal Regulation 20 ms Pulse LM350A Typ Max 1.238 1.250 1.262 1.225 1.250 1.270 0.005 Adjustment Pin Current Adjustment Pin Current Change 10 mA ≤ IOUT ≤ 3A, 3V ≤ (VIN − VOUT) ≤ 35V Temperature Stability TMIN ≤ TJ ≤ TMAX Minimum Load Current VIN − VOUT = 35V Current Limit RMS Output Noise, % of VOUT Ripple Rejection Ratio Long-Term Stability Typ Max 1.20 1.25 1.30 V 0.01 0.005 0.03 %/V 0.02 0.05 0.02 0.07 %/V 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.5 % 0.3 1 0.3 1.5 % 0.002 0.01 0.002 0.03 %/W 50 100 50 100 μA 0.2 5 0.2 5 μA V 1 3.5 1 10 3.5 % 10 mA VIN − VOUT ≤ 10V 3.0 4.5 3.0 4.5 A VIN − VOUT = 30V 0.3 1 0.25 1 A 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz VOUT = 10V, f = 120 Hz, CADJ = 0 μF VOUT = 10V, f = 120 Hz, CADJ = 10 μF TJ = 125°C, 1000 hrs Thermal Resistance, Junction to NDS Package Ambient (No Heat Sink) NDE Package (2) Units Min 66 0.001 0.001 % 65 65 dB 86 dB 86 0.25 Thermal Resistance, Junction to NDS Package Case NDE Package (1) LM350 Min 3 50 66 1 4 0.25 1 % 1.2 1.5 °C/W 3 4 °C/W 35 °C/W 50 °C/W These specifications are applicable for power dissipations up to 30W for the TO-3 (NDS) package and 25W for the TO-220 (NDE) package. Power dissipation is ensured at these values up to 15V input-output differential. Above 15V differential, power dissipation will be limited by internal protection circuitry. All limits (i.e., the numbers in the Min. and Max. columns) are ensured to AOQL (Average Outgoing Quality Level). Regulation is measured at a constant junction temperature, using pulse testing with a low duty cycle. Changes in output voltage due to heating effects are covered under the specifications for thermal regulation. Copyright © 1998–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150 LM350-N LM350A Submit Documentation Feedback 3 LM150, LM350-N, LM350A SNVS772B – MAY 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com Typical Performance Characteristics 4 Load Regulation Current Limit Figure 3. Figure 4. Adjustment Current Dropout Voltage Figure 5. Figure 6. Temperature Stability Minimum Operating Current Figure 7. Figure 8. Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 1998–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150 LM350-N LM350A LM150, LM350-N, LM350A www.ti.com SNVS772B – MAY 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2013 Typical Performance Characteristics (continued) Ripple Rejection Ripple Rejection Figure 9. Figure 10. Ripple Rejection Output Impedance Figure 11. Figure 12. Line Transient Response Load Transient Response Figure 13. Figure 14. Copyright © 1998–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150 LM350-N LM350A Submit Documentation Feedback 5 LM150, LM350-N, LM350A SNVS772B – MAY 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com APPLICATION HINTS In operation, the LM150 develops a nominal 1.25V reference voltage, VREF, between the output and adjustment terminal. The reference voltage is impressed across program resistor R1 and, since the voltage is constant, a constant current I1 then flows through the output set resistor R2, giving an output voltage of (1) Figure 15. Since the 50 μA current from the adjustment terminal represents an error term, the LM150 was designed to minimize IADJ and make it very constant with line and load changes. To do this, all quiescent operating current is returned to the output establishing a minimum load current requirement. If there is insufficient load on the output, the output will rise. EXTERNAL CAPACITORS An input bypass capacitor is recommended. A 0.1 μF disc or 1 μF solid tantalum on the input is suitable input bypassing for almost all applications. The device is more sensitive to the absence of input bypassing when adjustment or output capacitors are used but the above values will eliminate the possibility of problems. The adjustment terminal can be bypassed to ground on the LM150 to improve ripple rejection. This bypass capacitor prevents ripple from being amplified as the output voltage is increased. With a 10 μF bypass capacitor 86 dB ripple rejection is obtainable at any output level. Increases over 10 μF do not appreciably improve the ripple rejection at frequencies above 120 Hz. If the bypass capacitor is used, it is sometimes necessary to include protection diodes to prevent the capacitor from discharging through internal low current paths and damaging the device. In general, the best type of capacitors to use is solid tantalum. Solid tantalum capacitors have low impedance even at high frequencies. Depending upon capacitor construction, it takes about 25 μF in aluminum electrolytic to equal 1 μF solid tantalum at high frequencies. Ceramic capacitors are also good at high frequencies, but some types have a large decrease in capacitance at frequencies around 0.5 MHz. For this reason, 0.01 μF disc may seem to work better than a 0.1 μF disc as a bypass. Although the LM150 is stable with no output capacitors, like any feedback circuit, certain values of external capacitance can cause excessive ringing. This occurs with values between 500 pF and 5000 pF. A 1 μF solid tantalum (or 25 μF aluminum electrolytic) on the output swamps this effect and insures stability. LOAD REGULATION The LM150 is capable of providing extremely good load regulation but a few precautions are needed to obtain maximum performance. The current set resistor connected between the adjustment terminal and the output terminal (usually 240Ω) should be tied directly to the output (case) of the regulator rather than near the load. This eliminates line drops from appearing effectively in series with the reference and degrading regulation. For example, a 15V regulator with 0.05Ω resistance between the regulator and load will have a load regulation due to line resistance of 0.05Ω × IOUT. If the set resistor is connected near the load the effective line resistance will be 0.05Ω (1 + R2/R1) or in this case, 11.5 times worse. Figure 16 shows the effect of resistance between the regulator and 240Ω set resistor. 6 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 1998–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150 LM350-N LM350A LM150, LM350-N, LM350A www.ti.com SNVS772B – MAY 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2013 Figure 16. Regulator with Line Resistance in Output Lead With the TO-3 package, it is easy to minimize the resistance from the case to the set resistor, by using two separate leads to the case. The ground of R2 can be returned near the ground of the load to provide remote ground sensing and improve load regulation. PROTECTION DIODES When external capacitors are used with any IC regulator it is sometimes necessary to add protection diodes to prevent the capacitors from discharging through low current points into the regulator. Most 10 μF capacitors have low enough internal series resistance to deliver 20A spikes when shorted. Although the surge is short, there is enough energy to damage parts of the IC. When an output capacitor is connected to a regulator and the input is shorted, the output capacitor will discharge into the output of the regulator. The discharge current depends on the value of the capacitor, the output voltage of the regulator, and the rate of decrease of VIN. In the LM150, this discharge path is through a large junction that is able to sustain 25A surge with no problem. This is not true of other types of positive regulators. For output capacitors of 25 μF or less, there is no need to use diodes. The bypass capacitor on the adjustment terminal can discharge through a low current junction. Discharge occurs when either the input or output is shorted. Internal to the LM150 is a 50Ω resistor which limits the peak discharge current. No protection is needed for output voltages of 25V or less and 10 μF capacitance. Figure 17 shows an LM150 with protection diodes included for use with outputs greater than 25V and high values of output capacitance. D1 protects against C1 D2 protects against C2 Figure 17. Regulator with Protection Diodes (2) Copyright © 1998–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150 LM350-N LM350A Submit Documentation Feedback 7 LM150, LM350-N, LM350A SNVS772B – MAY 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com Schematic Diagram Figure 18. Schematic Diagram Typical Applications Full output current not available at high input-output voltages. †Optional—improves transient response. Output capacitors in the range of 1 μF to 1000 μF of aluminum or tantalum electrolytic are commonly used to provide improved output impedance and rejection of transients. *Needed if device is more than 6 inches from filter capacitors. Figure 19. 1.2V–25V Adjustable Regulator Note: Usually R1 = 240Ω for LM150 and R1 = 120Ω for LM350. (3) 8 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 1998–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150 LM350-N LM350A LM150, LM350-N, LM350A www.ti.com SNVS772B – MAY 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2013 *Adjust for 3.75V across R1 Figure 20. Precision Power Regulator with Low Temperature Coefficient Figure 21. Slow Turn-ON 15V Regulator †Solid tantalum *Discharges C1 if output is shorted to ground Figure 22. Adjustable Regulator with Improved Ripple Rejection Copyright © 1998–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150 LM350-N LM350A Submit Documentation Feedback 9 LM150, LM350-N, LM350A SNVS772B – MAY 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com Figure 23. High Stability 10V Regulator *Sets maximum VOUT Figure 24. Digitally Selected Outputs Figure 25. Regulator and Voltage Reference 10 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 1998–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150 LM350-N LM350A LM150, LM350-N, LM350A www.ti.com SNVS772B – MAY 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2013 *Minimum load current 50 mA Figure 26. 10A Regulator *Min output ≈ 1.2V Figure 27. 5V Logic Regulator with Electronic Shutdown* Full output current not available at high input-output voltages Figure 28. 0 to 30V Regulator Copyright © 1998–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150 LM350-N LM350A Submit Documentation Feedback 11 LM150, LM350-N, LM350A SNVS772B – MAY 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com †Solid tantalum *Lights in constant current mode Figure 29. 5A Constant Voltage/Constant Current Regulator Figure 30. 12V Battery Charger *0.4 ≤ R1 ≤ 120Ω 12 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 1998–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150 LM350-N LM350A LM150, LM350-N, LM350A www.ti.com SNVS772B – MAY 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2013 Figure 31. Adjustable Current Regulator Figure 32. Precision Current Limiter *Minimum output current ≈ 4 mA Figure 33. 1.2V–20V Regulator with Minimum Program Current Figure 34. 3A Current Regulator Figure 35. Tracking Preregulator †Minimum load—10 mA *All outputs within ±100 mV Figure 36. Adjusting Multiple On-Card Regulators with Single Control* Copyright © 1998–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150 LM350-N LM350A Submit Documentation Feedback 13 LM150, LM350-N, LM350A SNVS772B – MAY 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com Use of RS allows low charging rates with fully charged battery. **1000 μF is recommended to filter out any input transients Figure 37. AC Voltage Regulator Figure 38. Simple 12V Battery Charger Figure 39. Temperature Controller Figure 40. Light Controller *Sets peak current (2A for 0.3Ω) **1000 μF is recommended to filter out any input transients. 14 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 1998–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150 LM350-N LM350A LM150, LM350-N, LM350A www.ti.com SNVS772B – MAY 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2013 Figure 41. Adjustable 10A Regulator Figure 42. Current Limited 6V Charger Figure 43. 6A Regulator Copyright © 1998–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150 LM350-N LM350A Submit Documentation Feedback 15 LM150, LM350-N, LM350A SNVS772B – MAY 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2013 www.ti.com REVISION HISTORY Changes from Revision A (March 2013) to Revision B • 16 Page Changed layout of National Data Sheet to TI format .......................................................................................................... 15 Submit Documentation Feedback Copyright © 1998–2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated Product Folder Links: LM150 LM350-N LM350A PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM www.ti.com 30-Sep-2021 PACKAGING INFORMATION Orderable Device Status (1) Package Type Package Pins Package Drawing Qty Eco Plan (2) Lead finish/ Ball material MSL Peak Temp Op Temp (°C) Device Marking (3) (4/5) (6) LM350A MWC ACTIVE WAFERSALE YS 0 1 RoHS & Green Call TI Level-1-NA-UNLIM -40 to 85 LM350AT NRND TO-220 NDE 3 45 Non-RoHS & Green Call TI Level-1-NA-UNLIM -40 to 125 LM350AT P+ LM350AT/NOPB ACTIVE TO-220 NDE 3 45 RoHS & Green SN Level-1-NA-UNLIM -40 to 125 LM350AT P+ LM350K STEEL ACTIVE TO-3 NDS 2 50 Non-RoHS & Non-Green Call TI Call TI 0 to 125 LM350K STEELP+ LM350K STEEL/NOPB ACTIVE TO-3 NDS 2 50 RoHS & Green Call TI Level-1-NA-UNLIM 0 to 125 LM350K STEELP+ LM350T NRND TO-220 NDE 3 45 Non-RoHS & Green Call TI Level-1-NA-UNLIM 0 to 125 LM350T P+ LM350T/NOPB ACTIVE TO-220 NDE 3 45 RoHS & Green SN Level-1-NA-UNLIM 0 to 125 LM350T P+ (1) The marketing status values are defined as follows: ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs. LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect. NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design. PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available. OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device. (2) RoHS: TI defines "RoHS" to mean semiconductor products that are compliant with the current EU RoHS requirements for all 10 RoHS substances, including the requirement that RoHS substance do not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, "RoHS" products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes. TI may reference these types of products as "Pb-Free". RoHS Exempt: TI defines "RoHS Exempt" to mean products that contain lead but are compliant with EU RoHS pursuant to a specific EU RoHS exemption. Green: TI defines "Green" to mean the content of Chlorine (Cl) and Bromine (Br) based flame retardants meet JS709B low halogen requirements of