LM614IWM

LM614 Quad Operational Amplifier and Adjustable Reference General Description Features The LM614 consists of four op-amps and a programmable voltage reference in a 16-pin package. The op-amp out-performs most single-supply op-amps by providing higher speed and bandwidth along with low supply current. This device was specifically designed to lower cost and board space requirements in transducer, test, measurement and data acquisition systems. Combining a stable voltage reference with four wide output swing op-amps makes the LM614 ideal for single supply transducers, signal conditioning and bridge driving where large common-mode-signals are common. The voltage reference consists of a reliable band-gap design that maintains low dynamic output impedance (1Ω typical), initial tolerance (2.0%), and the ability to be programmed from 1.2V to 5.0V via two external resistors. The voltage reference is very stable even when driving large capacitive loads, as are commonly encountered in CMOS data acquisition systems. As a member of National’s new Super-Block™ family, the LM614 is a space-saving monolithic alternative to a multichip solution, offering a high level of integration without sacrificing performance. Op Amp n Low operating current: 450µA n Wide supply voltage range: 4V to 36V n Wide common-mode range: V − to (V+− 1.8V) n Wide differential input voltage: ± 36V Reference n Adjustable output voltage: 1.2V to 5.0V n Initial tolerance: ± 2.0% n Wide operating current range: 17µA to 20mA n Tolerant of load capacitance Applications n n n n Transducer bridge driver and signal processing Process and mass flow control systems Power supply voltage monitor Buffered voltage references for A/D’s Connection Diagram 00932601 Ordering Information Package 16-Pin Wide Body SOIC Temperature Range Part Number Package Marking Transport Media NSC Drawing 0˚C to 70˚C LM614CWM LM614CWM Rails M16B LM614CWMX LM614CWM 1k Units Tape and Reel LM614IWM LM614IWM Rails LM614IWMX LM614IWM 1k Units Tape and Reel −40˚C to 85˚C Super-Block™ is a trademark of National Semiconductor Corporation. © 2001 National Semiconductor Corporation DS009326 www.national.com LM614 Quad Operational Amplifier and Adjustable Reference December 2001 LM614 Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note 1) Storage Temperature Range If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. Voltage on Any Pins except VR (referred to V− pin) (Note 2) 36V (Max) (Note 3) −0.3V (Min) −65˚C ≤ TJ ≤ +150˚C Maximum Junction Temperature 150˚C Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-Ambient (Note 4) 150˚C Soldering Information (Soldering, 10 sec.) 220˚C ± 1kV ESD Tolerance (Note 5) Operating Temperature Range Current through Any Input Pin & ± 20 mA VR Pin LM614C 0˚C ≤ TJ ≤ +70˚C LM614C ± 36V ± 32V LM614I −40˚C ≤ TJ ≤ +85˚C LM614I Differential Input Voltage Electrical Characteristics These specifications apply for V− = GND = 0V, V+ = 5V, VCM = VOUT = 2.5V, IR = 100µA, FEEDBACK pin shorted to GND, unless otherwise specified. Limits in standard typeface are for TJ = 25˚C; limits in Boldface type apply over the Operating Temperature Range . Symbol IS VS Parameter Conditions Typ (Note 6) LM614I LM614C Limits (Note 7) Units Total Supply RLOAD = ∞, 450 1000 µA max Current 4V ≤ V+ ≤ 36V (32V for LM614C) 550 1070 µA max 2.2 2.8 V min Supply Voltage Range 2.9 3 V min 46 32 V max 43 32 V max 4V ≤ V+ ≤ 36V 1.5 5.0 mV max (4V ≤ V+ ≤ 32V for LM614C) 2.0 7.0 mV max V 1.0 5.0 mV max 1.5 7.0 mV max OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER VOS1 VOS2 VOS Over Supply VOS Over VCM CM (V Average VOS Drift + = 0V through VCM = − 1.8V), V+ = 30V (Note 7) µV/˚C 15 max IB IOS Input Bias Current Input Offset Current Average Offset Drift Current 10 35 nA max 11 40 nA max 0.2 4 nA max 0.3 5 nA max 4 pA/˚C Differential 1800 MΩ Common-Mode RIN Input Resistance 3800 MΩ CIN Input Capacitance Common-Mode Input 5.7 pF en Voltage Noise f = 100 Hz, Input Referred 74 In Current Noise f = 100 Hz, Input Referred 58 CMRR Common-Mode V Rejection Ratio CMRR = 20 log (∆VCM/∆VOS) 90 70 dB min Power Supply 4V ≤ V+ ≤ 30V, VCM = V+/2, 110 75 dB min Rejection Ratio PSRR = 20 log (∆V+/∆VOS) 100 70 dB min PSRR www.national.com + = 30V, 0V ≤ VCM ≤ (V+ − 1.8V), 2 95 75 dB min (Continued) These specifications apply for V− = GND = 0V, V+ = 5V, VCM = VOUT = 2.5V, IR = 100µA, FEEDBACK pin shorted to GND, unless otherwise specified. Limits in standard typeface are for TJ = 25˚C; limits in Boldface type apply over the Operating Temperature Range . Symbol AV Parameter Conditions R Voltage Gain 5V ≤ VOUT ≤ 25V SR Slew Rate V + GBW Gain Bandwidth C L LM614I LM614C Limits (Note 7) Units 500 94 V/mV 50 40 min ± 0.70 ± 0.65 ± 0.50 ± 0.45 V/µs = 10 kΩ to GND, V+ = 30V, Open Loop L Typ (Note 6) = 30V (Note 8) = 50 pF 0.8 MHz 0.52 VO1 VO2 Output Voltage R Swing High V Output Voltage R L + L + = 10 kΩ to GND V = 36V (32V for LM614C) V+ − 1.6 = 10 kΩ to V+ V Swing Low V IOUT Output Source V OUT V −IN I SINK Output Sink V OUT Current V −IN Short Circuit Current V OUT V −IN ISHORT + − − 1.4 + 0.8 − MHz V + − 1.8 V min V+ − 1.9 V min V − + 0.95 − V max = 36V (32V for LM614C) V + 0.9 V + 1.0 V max = 2.5V, V+IN = 0V, 25 16 mA min = −0.3V = 1.6V, V+IN = 0V, = 0.3V = 0V, V+IN = 3V, = 2V, Source V OUT V −IN = 5V, V+IN = 2V, = 3V, Sink 15 13 mA min 17 13 mA min 9 8 mA min 30 50 mA max 40 60 mA max 30 70 mA max 32 90 mA max VOLTAGE REFERENCE VR Voltage Reference (Note 9) 1.244 1.2191 V min 1.2689 V max ( ± 2.0%) Average Temperature (Note 10) 10 150 Drift max Hysteresis (Note 11) 3.2 V R Change V R(100 µA) − VR(17 µA) with Current VR(10 mA) − VR(100 µA) R PPM/˚C Resistance µV/˚C 0.05 1 mV max 0.1 1.1 mV max 1.5 5 mV max mV max (Note 12) 2.0 5.5 ∆V R(10→0.1 mA)/9.9 mA 0.2 0.56 Ω max ∆V R(100→17 µA)/83 µA 0.6 13 Ω max V R Change V R(Vro with High VRO (3.76V between Anode and 2.5 7 mV max 2.8 10 mV max V V R(V + 0.1 1.2 mV max (V = 32V for LM614C) 0.1 1.3 mV max VR(V + 0.01 1 mV max 0.01 1.5 mV max 22 50 nA max 29 55 nA max = Vr) − VR(Vro = 5.0V) FEEDBACK) R + Change with V Change IFB FEEDBACK Bias = 5V) − VR(V + = 36V) + = 5V) − VR(V + = 3V) V ANODE ≤ VFB ≤ 5.06V Current en Voltage Noise BW = 10 Hz to 10 kHz, 3 30 µV RMS www.national.com LM614 Electrical Characteristics LM614 Electrical Characteristics (Continued) These specifications apply for V− = GND = 0V, V+ = 5V, VCM = VOUT = 2.5V, IR = 100µA, FEEDBACK pin shorted to GND, unless otherwise specified. Limits in standard typeface are for TJ = 25˚C; limits in Boldface type apply over the Operating Temperature Range . Symbol Parameter Conditions Typ (Note 6) LM614I LM614C Limits (Note 7) Units VRO = VR Note 1: Absolute maximum ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the component may occur. Electrical specifications do not apply when operating the device beyond its rated operating conditions. Note 2: Input voltage above V+ is allowed. Note 3: More accurately, it is excessive current flow, with resulting excess heating, that limits the voltages on all pins. When any pin is pulled a diode drop below V−, a parasitic NPN transistor turns ON. No latch-up will occur as long as the current through that pin remains below the Maximum Rating. Operation is undefined and unpredictable when any parasitic diode or transistor is conducting. Note 4: Junction temperature may be calculated using TJ = TA + P DθjA. The given thermal resistance is worst-case for packages in sockets in still air. For packages soldered to copper-clad board with dissipation from one comparator or reference output transistor, nominal θjA is 90˚C/W for the WM package. Note 5: Human body model, 100 pF discharged through a 1.5 kΩ resistor. Note 6: Typical values in standard typeface are for TJ = 25˚C; values in boldface type apply for the full operating temperature range. These values represent the most likely parametric norm. Note 7: All limits are guaranteed at room temperature (standard type face) or at operating temperature extremes (bold type face). Note 8: Slew rate is measured with op amp in a voltage follower configuration. For rising slew rate, the input voltage is driven from 5V to 25V, and the output voltage transition is sampled at 10V and @20V. For falling slew rate, the input voltage is driven from 25V to 5V, and the output voltage transition is sampled at 20V and 10V. Note 9: VR is the Cathode-feedback voltage, nominally 1.244V. Note 10: Average reference drift is calculated from the measurement of the reference voltage at 25˚C and at the temperature extremes. The drift, in ppm/˚C, is 106 • ∆V R/(VR[25˚C] • ∆TJ), where ∆V R is the lowest value subtracted from the highest, VR[25˚C] is the value at 25˚C, and ∆TJ is the temperature range. This parameter is guaranteed by design and sample testing. Note 11: Hysteresis is the change in VR caused by a change in TJ, after the reference has been “dehysterized”. To dehysterize the reference; that is minimize the hysteresis to the typical value, cycle its junction temperature in the following pattern, spiraling in toward 25˚C: 25˚C, 85˚C, −40˚C, 70˚C, 0˚C, 25˚C. Note 12: Low contact resistance is required for accurate measurement. Typical Performance Characteristics (Reference) TJ = 25˚C, FEEDBACK pin shorted to V− = 0V, unless otherwise noted Reference Voltage vs. Temperature on 5 Representative Units Reference Voltage Drift 00932648 00932647 www.national.com 4 TJ = 25˚C, FEEDBACK pin shorted to V− = 0V, unless otherwise noted (Continued) Accelerated Reference Voltage Drift vs. Time Reference Voltage vs. Current and Temperature 00932649 00932650 Reference Voltage vs. Current and Temperature Reference Voltage vs. Reference Current 00932652 00932651 Reference Voltage vs. Reference Current Reference AC Stability Range 00932653 00932654 5 www.national.com LM614 Typical Performance Characteristics (Reference) LM614 Typical Performance Characteristics (Reference) TJ = 25˚C, FEEDBACK pin shorted to V− = 0V, unless otherwise noted (Continued) FEEDBACK Current vs. FEEDBACK-to-Anode Voltage FEEDBACK Current vs. FEEDBACK-to-Anode Voltage 00932655 00932656 Reference Noise Voltage vs. Frequency Reference Small-Signal Resistance vs. Frequency 00932657 00932658 Reference Power-Up Time Reference Voltage with FEEDBACK Voltage Step 00932659 www.national.com 00932660 6 TJ = 25˚C, FEEDBACK pin shorted to V− = 0V, unless otherwise noted (Continued) Reference Step Response for 100 µA ∼ 10 mA Current Step Reference Voltage with 100∼12 µA Current Step 00932661 00932662 Reference Voltage Change with Supply Voltage Step 00932663 Typical Performance Characteristics (Op Amps) V+ = 5V, V− = GND = 0V, VCM = V+/2, VOUT = V+/2, TJ = 25˚C, unless otherwise noted VOS vs. Junction Temperature on 9 Representative Units Input Common-Mode Voltage Range vs. Temperature 00932665 00932664 7 www.national.com LM614 Typical Performance Characteristics (Reference) LM614 Typical Performance Characteristics (Op Amps) V+ = 5V, V− = GND = 0V, VCM = V+/2, + VOUT = V /2, TJ = 25˚C, unless otherwise noted (Continued) Input Bias Current vs. Common-Mode Voltage Slew Rate vs. Temperature and Output Sink Current 00932666 00932667 Large-Signal Step Response Output Voltage Swing vs. Temp. and Current 00932668 00932669 Output Source Current vs. Output Voltage and Temp. Output Sink Current vs. Output Voltage and Temp. 00932671 00932670 www.national.com 8 V+ = 5V, V− = GND = 0V, VCM = V+/2, + VOUT = V /2, TJ = 25˚C, unless otherwise noted (Continued) Output Swing, Large Signal Output Impedance vs. Frequency and Gain 00932672 00932673 Small-Signal Pulse Response vs. Temp. Small-Signal Pulse Response vs. Load 00932674 00932675 Op Amp Voltage Noise vs. Frequency Op Amp Current Noise vs. Frequency 00932676 00932677 9 www.national.com LM614 Typical Performance Characteristics (Op Amps) LM614 Typical Performance Characteristics (Op Amps) V+ = 5V, V− = GND = 0V, VCM = V+/2, + VOUT = V /2, TJ = 25˚C, unless otherwise noted (Continued) Small-Signal Voltage Gain vs. Frequency and Temperature Small-Signal Voltage Gain vs. Frequency and Load 00932678 00932679 Follower Small-Signal Frequency Response Common-Mode Input Voltage Rejection Ratio 00932681 00932680 Power Supply Current vs. Power Supply Voltage Positive Power Supply Voltage Rejection Ratio 00932607 www.national.com 00932621 10 V+ = 5V, V− = GND = 0V, VCM = V+/2, + VOUT = V /2, TJ = 25˚C, unless otherwise noted (Continued) Negative Power Supply Voltage Rejection Ratio Input Offset Current vs. Junction Temperature 00932622 00932624 Input Bias Current vs. Junction Temperature 00932638 Typical Performance Distributions Average VOS Drift Industrial Temperature Range Average VOS Drift Commercial Temperature Range 00932630 00932631 11 www.national.com LM614 Typical Performance Characteristics (Op Amps) LM614 Typical Performance Distributions (Continued) Average IOS Drift Industrial Temperature Range Average IOS Drift Commercial Temperature Range 00932633 00932634 Voltage Reference Broad-BandNoise Distribution Op Amp Voltage Noise Distribution 00932635 00932636 Op Amp Current Noise Distribution 00932637 www.national.com 12 LM614 Application Information VOLTAGE REFERENCE Reference Biasing The voltage reference is of a shunt regulator topology that models as a simple zener diode. With current Ir flowing in the “forward” direction there is the familiar diode transfer function. Ir flowing in the reverse direction forces the reference voltage to be developed from cathode to anode. The cathode may swing from a diode drop below V− to the reference voltage or to the avalanche voltage of the parallel protection diode, nominally 7V. A 5.0V reference with V+ = 3V is allowed. Capacitors in parallel with the reference are allowed. See the Reference AC Stability Range typical curve for capacitance values — from 20 µA to 3 mA any capacitor value is stable. With the reference’s wide stability range with resistive and capacitive loads, a wide range of RC filter values will perform noise filtering. 00932610 00932609 FIGURE 2. Reference Equivalent Circuit FIGURE 1. Voltages Associated with Reference (Current Source Ir is External) The reference equivalent circuit reveals how Vris held at the constant 1.2V by feedback, and how the FEEDBACK pin passes little current. To generate the required reverse current, typically a resistor is connected from a supply voltage higher than the reference voltage. Varying that voltage, and so varying Ir, has small effect with the equivalent series resistance of less than an ohm at the higher currents. Alternatively, an active current source, such as the LM134 series, may generate Ir. 00932611 FIGURE 3. 1.2V Reference Adjustable Reference The FEEDBACK pin allows the reference output voltage, Vro, to vary from 1.24V to 5.0V. The reference attempts to hold Vr at 1.24V. If Vr is above 1.24V, the reference will conduct current from Cathode to Anode; FEEDBACK current always remains low. If FEEDBACK is connected to Anode, then Vro = Vr = 1.24V. For higher voltages FEEDBACK is held at a constant voltage above Anode — say 3.76V for Vro = 5V. Connecting a resistor across the constant Vr generates a current I=Vr/R1 flowing from Cathode into FEEDBACK node. A Thevenin equivalent 3.76V is generated from FEEDBACK to Anode with R2=3.76/I. For a 1% error, use R1 such that I is greater than one hundred times the FEEDBACK bias current. For example, keep I ≥ 5.5µA. 00932612 FIGURE 4. Thevenin Equivalent of Reference with 5V Output 13 www.national.com LM614 Application Information (Continued) 00932613 00932616 R1 = Vr/I = 1.24/32µ = 39k R2 = R1 {(Vro/Vr) − 1} = 39k {(5/1.24) − 1)} = 118k FIGURE 8. Diode in Series with R1 Causes Voltage across R1 and R2 to be Proportional to Absolute Temperature (PTAT) FIGURE 5. Resistors R1 and R2 Program Reference Output Voltage to be 5V Connecting a resistor across Cathode-to-FEEDBACK creates a 0 TC current source, but a range of TCs may be synthesized. Understanding that Vr is fixed and that voltage sources, resistors, and capacitors may be tied to the FEEDBACK pin, a range of Vr temperature coefficients may be synthesized. 00932617 I = Vr/R1 = 1.24/R1 00932614 FIGURE 6. Output Voltage has Negative Temperature Coefficient (TC) if R2 has Negative TC FIGURE 9. Current Source is Programmed by R1 00932615 00932618 FIGURE 7. Output Voltage has Positive TC if R1 has Negative TC www.national.com FIGURE 10. Proportional-to-Absolute-Temperature Current Source 14 non-inverting input to V− on unused amps is preferred). Choosing operating points that cause oscillation, such as driving too large a capacitive load, is best avoided. (Continued) Op Amp Output Stage These op amps, like their LM124 series, have flexible and relatively wide-swing output stages. There are simple rules to optimize output swing, reduce cross-over distortion, and optimize capacitive drive capability: 1. Output Swing: Unloaded, the 42µA pull-down will bring the output within 300 mV of V− over the military temperature range. If more than 42µA is required, a resistor from output to V− will help. Swing across any load may be improved slightly if the load can be tied to V+, at the cost of poorer sinking open-loop voltage gain 2. Cross-over Distortion: The LM614 has lower cross-over distortion (a 1 VBE deadband versus 3 VBE for the LM124), and increased slew rate as shown in the characteristic curves. A resistor pull-up or pull-down will force class-A operation with only the PNP or NPN output transistor conducting, eliminating cross-over distortion 3. Capacitive Drive: Limited by the output pole caused by the output resistance driving capacitive loads, a pull-down resistor conducting 1 mA or more reduces the output stage NPN re until the output resistance is that of the current limit 25Ω. 200pF may then be driven without oscillation. 00932619 FIGURE 11. Negative-TC Current Source Hysteresis The reference voltage depends, slightly, on the thermal history of the die. Competitive micro-power products vary — always check the data sheet for any given device. Do not assume that no specification means no hysteresis. OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS Any amp or the reference may be biased in any way with no effect on the other amps or reference, except when a substrate diode conducts (see Guaranteed Electrical Characteristics (Note 1)). One amp input may be outside the common-mode range, another amp may be operated as a comparator, another with all terminals floating with no effect on the others (tying inverting input to output and Op Amp Input Stage The lateral PNP input transistors, unlike most op amps, have BVEBO equal to the absolute maximum supply voltage. Also, they have no diode clamps to the positive supply nor across the inputs. These features make the inputs look like high impedances to input sources producing large differential and common-mode voltages. 15 www.national.com LM614 Application Information LM614 Typical Applications 00932642 FIGURE 12. Simple Low Quiescent Drain Voltage Regulator. Total supply current approximately 320µA, when VIN = +5V. 00932643 *10k must be low t.c. trimpot. FIGURE 13. Ultra Low Noise 10.00V Reference. Total output noise is typically 14µVRMS. 00932644 VOUT = (R1 /Pe + 1) V REF R1, R2 should be 1% metal film Pβ should be low T.C. trim pot FIGURE 14. Slow Rise Time Upon Power-Up, Adjustable Transducer Bridge Driver. Rise time is approximately 1ms. www.national.com 16 LM614 Typical Applications (Continued) 00932645 FIGURE 15. Transducer Data Acquisition System. Set zero code voltage, then adjust 10Ω gain adjust pot for full scale. 17 www.national.com LM614 Simplified Schematic Diagrams Op Amp 00932602 Reference / Bias 00932603 www.national.com 18 LM614 Quad Operational Amplifier and Adjustable Reference Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted 16-Lead Molded Small Outline Package (WM) NS Package Number M16B LIFE SUPPORT POLICY NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein: 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. National Semiconductor Corporation Americas Email: support@nsc.com www.national.com National Semiconductor Europe Fax: +49 (0) 180-530 85 86 Email: europe.support@nsc.com Deutsch Tel: +49 (0) 69 9508 6208 English Tel: +44 (0) 870 24 0 2171 Français Tel: +33 (0) 1 41 91 8790 2. A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. National Semiconductor Asia Pacific Customer Response Group Tel: 65-2544466 Fax: 65-2504466 Email: ap.support@nsc.com National Semiconductor Japan Ltd. Tel: 81-3-5639-7560 Fax: 81-3-5639-7507 National does not assume any responsibility for use of any circuitry described, no circuit patent licenses are implied and National reserves the right at any time without notice to change said circuitry and specifications.