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TCA9539
SCPS202C – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED MAY 2016
TCA9539 Low Voltage 16-Bit I2C and SMBus Low-Power I/O Expander with Interrupt
Output, Reset Pin, and Configuration Registers
1 Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
1
•
•
•
3 Description
The TCA9539 is a 24-pin device that provides 16 bits
of general purpose parallel input and output (I/O)
expansion for the two-line bidirectional I2C bus (or
SMBus protocol). The device can operate with a
power supply voltage (VCC) range from 1.65 V to 5.5
V. The device supports 100-kHz (I2C Standard mode)
and 400-kHz (I2C Fast mode) clock frequencies. I/O
expanders such as the TCA9539 provide a simple
solution when additional I/Os are needed for
switches, sensors, push-buttons, LEDs, fans, and
other similar devices.
2
I C to Parallel Port Expander
Low Standby-Current Consumption
Open-Drain Active-Low Interrupt Output
Active-Low Reset Input
5-V Tolerant I/O Ports
Compatible With Most Microcontrollers
400-kHz Fast I2C Bus
Input and Output Configuration Register
Polarity Inversion Register
Internal Power-on Reset
No Glitch on Power Up
Noise Filter on SCL and SDA Inputs
Address by Two Hardware Address Pins for Use
of up to Four Devices
Latched Outputs With High-Current Drive
Capability for Directly Driving LEDs
Latch-Up Performance Exceeds 100 mA Per
JESD 78, Class II
ESD Protection Exceeds JESD 22
– 2000-V Human-Body Model (A114-A)
– 1000-V Charged-Device Model (C101)
The features of the TCA9539 include an interrupt that
is generated on the INT pin whenever an input port
changes state. The A0 and A1 hardware selectable
address pins allow up to four TCA9539 devices on
the same I2C bus. The device can be reset to its
default state by cycling the power supply and causing
a power-on-reset. Also, the TCA9539 has a hardware
RESET pin that can be used to reset the device to its
default state.
Device Information(1)
PART NUMBER
TCA9539
2 Applications
•
•
•
•
•
PACKAGE
BODY SIZE (NOM)
TSSOP (24)
7.80 mm × 4.40 mm
WQFN (24)
4.00 mm × 4.00 mm
VQFN (24)
4.00 mm × 4.00 mm
(1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at
the end of the data sheet.
Servers
Routers (Telecom Switching Equipment)
Personal Computers, smartphones
Industrial Automation
I2C GPIO Expansion
Simplified Schematic
VCC
2
I C or SMBus
Master
(e.g. Processor)
SDA
SCL
INT
RESET
Peripheral Devices
P00
P01
x
TCA9539
x
A0
A1
GND
P17
x
/RESET,
ENABLE,
or control
inputs
/INT or
status
outputs
LEDs
Copyright © 2016, Texas Instruments Incorporated
1
An IMPORTANT NOTICE at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical applications,
intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. PRODUCTION DATA.
TCA9539
SCPS202C – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED MAY 2016
www.ti.com
Table of Contents
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Features ..................................................................
Applications ...........................................................
Description .............................................................
Revision History.....................................................
Pin Configuration and Functions .........................
Specifications.........................................................
1
1
1
2
3
5
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6
6.7
6.8
6.9
5
5
5
6
6
7
8
8
9
Absolute Maximum Ratings .....................................
ESD Ratings..............................................................
Recommended Operating Conditions.......................
Thermal Information ..................................................
Electrical Characteristics...........................................
I2C Interface Timing Requirements..........................
RESET Timing Requirements...................................
Switching Characteristics ..........................................
Typical Characteristics ..............................................
Parameter Measurement Information ................ 12
Detailed Description ............................................ 16
8.1 Overview ................................................................. 16
8.2 Functional Block Diagram ....................................... 17
8.3
8.4
8.5
8.6
9
Feature Description.................................................
Device Functional Modes........................................
Programming ..........................................................
Register Maps ........................................................
18
19
19
21
Application and Implementation ........................ 26
9.1 Application Information............................................ 26
9.2 Typical Application ................................................. 26
10 Power Supply Recommendations ..................... 29
10.1 Power-On Reset Requirements ........................... 29
11 Layout................................................................... 31
11.1 Layout Guidelines ................................................. 31
11.2 Layout Example .................................................... 32
12 Device and Documentation Support ................. 33
12.1
12.2
12.3
12.4
12.5
Documentation Support ........................................
Community Resources..........................................
Trademarks ...........................................................
Electrostatic Discharge Caution ............................
Glossary ................................................................
33
33
33
33
33
13 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable
Information ........................................................... 33
4 Revision History
NOTE: Page numbers for previous revisions may differ from page numbers in the current version.
Changes from Revision B (October 2015) to Revision C
Page
•
Made changes to Interrupt (INT) Output and Reads section ................................................................................................. 1
•
Made changes to Recommended Operating Conditions........................................................................................................ 1
•
Made changes to Electrical Characteristics............................................................................................................................ 1
•
Added IOL for different Tj ........................................................................................................................................................ 5
•
Removed ΔICC spec from the Electrical Characteristics table, added ΔICC typical characteristics graph ............................. 6
•
Changed ICC standby into different input states, with increased maximums ......................................................................... 7
•
Changed Cio maximum .......................................................................................................................................................... 7
•
Removed ΔICC spec from the Electrical Characteristics table, added ΔICC typical characteristics graph ............................. 7
•
Clarified interrupt reset time (tir) with respect to falling edge of ACK related SCL pulse. ................................................... 13
•
Updated Figure 33 and Figure 34 ........................................................................................................................................ 25
•
Power on reset requirements relaxed ................................................................................................................................. 29
Changes from Revision A (September 2009) to Revision B
Page
•
Added ESD Ratings table, Feature Description section, Device Functional Modes, Application and Implementation
section, Power Supply Recommendations section, Layout section, Device and Documentation Support section, and
Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information section. ................................................................................................ 1
•
Added RGE package.............................................................................................................................................................. 1
•
Added Thermal Information table .......................................................................................................................................... 6
•
Added "Time to reset; VCC = 1.65 V - 2.3 V" parameter to RESET Timing Requirements table. ......................................... 8
•
Added "Output data valid; VCC = 1.65 V - 2.3 V to Switching Characteristics table. ............................................................. 8
2
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SCPS202C – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED MAY 2016
5 Pin Configuration and Functions
PW Package
24-Pins TSSOP
Top View
24
2
23
3
22
4
21
5
20
6
19
7
18
8
17
9
16
10
15
11
14
12
13
RESET
A1
INT
VCC
SDA
SCL
1
VCC
SDA
SCL
A0
P17
P16
P15
P14
P13
P12
P11
P10
24
P00
P01
P02
P03
P04
P05
23
22
21
20
19
1
18
2
17
Exposed
Center
Pad
3
4
16
15
5
14
6
13
7
8
9
10
11
A0
P17
P16
P15
P14
P13
12
P06
P07
GND
P10
P11
P12
INT
A1
RESET
P00
P01
P02
P03
P04
P05
P06
P07
GND
RTW, RGE Package
24-Pins WQFN, VQFN
Top View
Pin Functions
NO.
NAME
TSSOP
(PW)
QFN
(RTW, RGE)
I/O
DESCRIPTION
A0
21
18
I
Address input. Connect directly to VCC or ground
A1
2
23
I
Address input. Connect directly to VCC or ground
GND
12
9
—
Ground
INT
1
22
O
Interrupt open-drain output. Connect to VCC through a pull-up resistor
RESET
3
24
I
Active-low reset input. Connect to VCC through a pull-up resistor if no active
connection is used
P00
4
1
I/O
P-port input-output. Push-pull design structure. At power on, P00 is
configured as an input
P01
5
2
I/O
P-port input-output. Push-pull design structure. At power on, P01 is
configured as an input
P02
6
3
I/O
P-port input-output. Push-pull design structure. At power on, P02 is
configured as an input
P03
7
4
I/O
P-port input-output. Push-pull design structure. At power on, P03 is
configured as an input
P04
8
5
I/O
P-port input-output. Push-pull design structure. At power on, P04 is
configured as an input
P05
9
6
I/O
P-port input-output. Push-pull design structure. At power on, P05 is
configured as an input
P06
10
7
I/O
P-port input-output. Push-pull design structure. At power on, P06 is
configured as an input
P07
11
8
I/O
P-port input-output. Push-pull design structure. At power on, P07 is
configured as an input
P10
13
10
I/O
P-port input-output. Push-pull design structure. At power on, P10 is
configured as an input
P11
14
11
I/O
P-port input-output. Push-pull design structure. At power on, P11 is
configured as an input
P12
15
12
I/O
P-port input-output. Push-pull design structure. At power on, P12 is
configured as an input
P13
16
13
I/O
P-port input-output. Push-pull design structure. At power on, P13 is
configured as an input
P14
17
14
I/O
P-port input-output. Push-pull design structure. At power on, P14 is
configured as an input
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SCPS202C – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED MAY 2016
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Pin Functions (continued)
NO.
NAME
TSSOP
(PW)
QFN
(RTW, RGE)
I/O
P15
18
15
I/O
P-port input-output. Push-pull design structure. At power on, P15 is
configured as an input
P16
19
16
I/O
P-port input-output. Push-pull design structure. At power on, P16 is
configured as an input
P17
20
17
I/O
P-port input-output. Push-pull design structure. At power on, P17 is
configured as an input
SCL
22
19
I
Serial clock bus. Connect to VCC through a pull-up resistor
SDA
23
20
I/O
Serial data bus. Connect to VCC through a pull-up resistor
VCC
24
21
—
Supply voltage
4
DESCRIPTION
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SCPS202C – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED MAY 2016
6 Specifications
6.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
VCC
(1)
Supply voltage
(2)
MIN
MAX
UNIT
–0.5
6
V
–0.5
6
V
–0.5
6
V
VI
Input voltage
VO
Output voltage
IIK
Input clamp current
VI < 0
–20
mA
IOK
Output clamp current
VO < 0
–20
mA
IIOK
Input-output clamp current
VO < 0 or VO > VCC
±20
mA
IOL
Continuous output low current
VO = 0 to VCC
50
mA
IOH
Continuous output high current
VO = 0 to VCC
–50
mA
(2)
Continuous current through GND
–250
Continuous current through VCC
160
Tj(MAX)
Maximum junction temperature
100
°C
Tstg
Storage temperature
150
°C
ICC
(1)
(2)
–65
mA
Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings
only, which do not imply functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under Recommended
Operating Conditions. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
The input negative-voltage and output voltage ratings may be exceeded if the input and output current ratings are observed.
6.2 ESD Ratings
VALUE
Human-body model (HBM), per ANSI/ESDA/JEDEC JS-001
V(ESD)
Electrostatic discharge
(2)
UNIT
±2000
Charged-device model (CDM), per JEDEC specification JESD22-C101
(2)
(1)
(1)
V
±1000
JEDEC document JEP155 states that 500-V HBM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process. Manufacturing with
less than 500-V HBM is possible with the necessary precautions.
JEDEC document JEP157 states that 250-V CDM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process. Manufacturing with
less than 250-V CDM is possible with the necessary precautions.
6.3 Recommended Operating Conditions
MIN
VCC
Supply voltage
1.65
5.5
SCL, SDA
0.7 × VCC
VCC (1)
A0, A1, RESET, P07–P00, P10–P17
0.7 × VCC
5.5
VIH
High-level input voltage
VIL
Low-level input voltage
SCL, SDA, A0, A1, RESET, P07–P00, P10–P17
IOH
High-level output current
P07–P00, P17–P10
IOL
Low-level output current
(2)
IOL
Low-level output current (2)
TA
Operating free-air temperature
(1)
(2)
MAX
P00–P07, P10–P17
INT, SDA
–0.5 0.3 × VCC
–10
Tj ≤ 65°C
25
Tj ≤ 85°C
18
Tj ≤ 100°C
11
Tj ≤ 85°C
6
Tj ≤ 100°C
3.5
–40
85
UNIT
V
V
V
mA
mA
mA
°C
For voltages applied above VCC, an increase in ICC will result.
The values shown apply to specific junction temperatures, which depend on the RθJA of the package used. See the Calculating Junction
Temperature and Power Dissipation section on how to calculate the junction temperature.
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SCPS202C – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED MAY 2016
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6.4 Thermal Information
TCA9539
THERMAL METRIC
(1)
PW (TSSOP)
RTW (WQFN)
RGE (VQFN)
24 PINS
24 PINS
24 PINS
UNIT
108.8
43.6
48.4
°C/W
RθJA
Junction-to-ambient thermal resistance
RθJC(top)
Junction-to-case (top) thermal resistance
54.
46.2
58.1
°C/W
RθJB
Junction-to-board thermal resistance
62.8
22.1
27.1
°C/W
ψJT
Junction-to-top characterization parameter
11.1
1.5
3.3
°C/W
ψJB
Junction-to-board characterization parameter
62.3
22.2
27.2
°C/W
—
10.7
15.3
°C/W
RθJC(bottom) Junction-to-case (bottom) thermal resistance
(1)
For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the Semiconductor and IC Package Thermal Metrics application
report, SPRA953.
6.5 Electrical Characteristics
over recommended operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
VIK
Input diode clamp voltage
VPOR Power-on reset voltage, VCC
rising
R
VPOR Power-on reset voltage, VCC
falling
F
TEST CONDITIONS
II = –18 mA
IOH = –10 mA
IOL
P port
(3)
INT
II
SCL, SDA
A0, A1, RESET
1.65 V to 5.5 V
–1.2
1.65 V to 5.5 V
P-port high-level output
voltage (2)
SDA
MIN
TYP
(1)
MAX UNIT
V
1.2
1.5
VI = VCC or GND, IO = 0
IOH = –8 mA
VOH
VCC
V
1.65 V to 5.5 V
0.75
1.65 V
1.2
2.3 V
1.8
3V
2.6
4.75 V
4.1
1.65 V
1
2.3 V
1.7
3V
2.5
4.75 V
4
VOL = 0.4 V
1.65 V to 5.5 V
3
VOL = 0.5 V
1.65 V to 5.5 V
8
VOL = 0.7 V
1.65 V to 5.5 V
10
VOL = 0.4 V
1
V
mA
3
VI = VCC or GND
1.65 V to 5.5 V
±1
±1
μA
IIH
P port
VI = VCC
1.65 V to 5.5 V
1
μA
IIL
P port
VI = GND
1.65 V to 5.5 V
–1
μA
(1)
(2)
(3)
6
All typical values are at nominal supply voltage (1.8-, 2.5-, 3.3-, or 5-V VCC) and TA = 25°C.
Each I/O must be externally limited to a maximum of 25 mA, and each octal (P07–P00 and P17–P10) must be limited to a maximum
current of 100 mA, for a device total of 200 mA.
The total current sourced by all I/Os must be limited to 160 mA (80 mA for P07–P00 and 80 mA for P17–P10).
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Electrical Characteristics (continued)
over recommended operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
PARAMETER
Operating mode
TEST CONDITIONS
VI = VCC or GND, IO = 0,
I/O = inputs, fSCL = 400 kHz, no load
ICC
VI = VCC
Standby mode
VI = VCC or GND, IO = 0, I/O
= inputs,
fSCL = 0 kHz, no load
VI = GND
Ci
Cio
6.6
SCL
SDA
P port
VCC
MIN
TYP
(1)
MAX UNIT
5.5 V
22
40
3.6 V
11
30
2.7 V
8
19
1.95 V
5
11
5.5 V
1.5
3.9
3.6 V
0.9
2.2
2.7 V
0.6
1.8
1.95 V
0.4
1.5
5.5 V
1.5
8.7
3.6 V
0.9
4
2.7 V
0.6
3
1.95 V
0.4
2.2
3
8
3
9.5
3.7
9.5
VI = VCC or GND
1.65 V to 5.5 V
VIO = VCC or GND
1.65 V to 5.5 V
μA
pF
pF
I2C Interface Timing Requirements
over recommended operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) (see Figure 19)
MIN
MAX
UNIT
100
kHz
2
I C BUS—STANDARD MODE
fscl
I2C clock frequency
0
tsch
I2C clock high time
4
2
tscl
I C clock low time
tsp
I2C spike time
tsds
I2C serial-data setup time
µs
4.7
µs
50
250
2
ns
ns
tsdh
I C serial-data hold time
ticr
I2C input rise time
0
1000
ns
ticf
I2C input fall time
300
ns
tocf
I2C output fall time
300
ns
10-pF to 400-pF bus
2
ns
tbuf
I C bus free time between stop and start
4.7
µs
tsts
I2C start or repeated start condition setup
4.7
µs
tsth
I2C start or repeated start condition hold
4
µs
2
tsps
I C stop condition setup
tvd(data)
Valid data time
SCL low to SDA output valid
4
3.45
µs
µs
tvd(ack)
Valid data time of ACK condition
ACK signal from SCL low to
SDA (out) low
3.45
µs
Cb
I2C bus capacitive load
400
pF
MIN
MAX
UNIT
0
400
kHz
I2C BUS—FAST MODE
fscl
I2C clock frequency
tsch
I2C clock high time
0.6
µs
tscl
I2C clock low time
1.3
µs
2
tsp
I C spike time
tsds
I2C serial-data setup time
tsdh
I2C serial-data hold time
50
ns
0
ns
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100
7
TCA9539
SCPS202C – OCTOBER 2009 – REVISED MAY 2016
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MIN
MAX
UNIT
20
300
ns
20 × (VCC /
5.5 V)
300
ns
20 × (VCC /
5.5 V)
300
ns
ticr
I2C input rise time
ticf
I2C input fall time
tocf
I2C output fall time
tbuf
I2C bus free time between stop and start
1.3
µs
tsts
I2C start or repeated start condition setup
0.6
µs
tsth
I2C start or repeated start condition hold
0.6
µs
10-pF to 400-pF bus
2
tsps
I C stop condition setup
tvd(data)
Valid data time
SCL low to SDA output valid
0.6
0.9
µs
µs
tvd(ack)
Valid data time of ACK condition
ACK signal from SCL low to
SDA (out) low
0.9
µs
Cb
I2C bus capacitive load
400
pF
MAX
UNIT
6.7 RESET Timing Requirements
over recommended operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted) (see Figure 22)
MIN
tW
Reset pulse duration
6
ns
tREC
Reset recovery time
0
ns
Time to reset; for VCC = 2.3 V - 5.5 V
400
ns
Time to reset; for VCC = 1.65 V - 2.3 V
550
ns
tRESET
6.8 Switching Characteristics
over recommended operating free-air temperature range, CL ≤ 100 pF (unless otherwise noted) (see Figure 20 and Figure 21)
PARAMETER
tiv
Interrupt valid time
tir
Interrupt reset delay time
tpv
Output data valid; For VCC = 2.3 V - 5.5 V
Output data valid; For VCC = 1.65 V - 2.3 V
FROM
(INPUT)
TO
(OUTPUT)
P port
INT
4
μs
SCL
INT
4
μs
200
ns
300
ns
SCL
P port
MIN
MAX
UNIT
tps
Input data setup time
P port
SCL
150
ns
tph
Input data hold time
P port
SCL
1
μs
8
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6.9 Typical Characteristics
TA = 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
40
2.2
Vcc = 1.65 V
Vcc = 1.8 V
Vcc = 2.5 V
32
Vcc = 3.3 V
Vcc = 3.6 V
Vcc = 5 V
Vcc = 5.5V
28
24
20
16
12
8
4
-15
10
35
TA - Temperature (°C)
60
Vcc = 5.5V
1.6
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.2
-40
85
-15
D001
Figure 1. Supply Current vs Temperature for Different
Supply Voltage (VCC)
10
35
TA - Temperature (°C)
60
85
D002
Figure 2. Standby Supply Current vs Temperature for
Different Supply Voltage (VCC)
30
30
-40 °C
25 °C
85 °C
-40 °C
25 °C
85 °C
25
IOL - Sink Current (mA)
25
ICC - Supply Current (µA)
1.8
Vcc = 3.3 V
Vcc = 3.6 V
Vcc = 5 V
0.4
0
-40
20
15
10
20 VCC = 1.65 V
15
10
5
5
0
1.5
0
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
VCC - Supply Voltage (V)
5
0
5.5
0.1
D003
Figure 3. Supply Current vs Supply Voltage for Different
Temperature (TA)
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
VOL - Output Low Voltage (V)
0.6
0.7
D004
Figure 4. I/O Sink Current vs Output Low Voltage for
Different Temperature (TA) for VCC = 1.65 V
60
35
25
IOL - Sink Current (mA)
-40 °C
25 °C
85 °C
30
IOL - Sink Current (mA)
Vcc = 1.65 V
Vcc = 1.8 V
Vcc = 2.5 V
2
ICC - Supply Current (µA)
ICC - Supply Current (µA)
36
VCC = 1.8 V
20
15
10
50
-40 °C
25 °C
85 °C
40
VCC = 2.5 V
30
20
10
5
0
0
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
VOL - Output Low Voltage (V)
0.6
0.7
0
D005
Figure 5. I/O Sink Current vs Output Low Voltage for
Different Temperature (TA) for VCC = 1.8 V
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
VOL - Output Low Voltage (V)
0.6
0.7
D006
Figure 6. I/O Sink Current vs Output Low Voltage for
Different Temperature (TA) for VCC = 2.5 V
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Typical Characteristics (continued)
TA = 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
80
70
-40 °C
25 °C
85 °C
50
VCC = 3.3 V
40
30
20
10
60
VCC = 5 V
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
VOL - Output Low Voltage (V)
0.6
0
0.7
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
VOL - Output Low Voltage (V)
D007
Figure 7. I/O Sink Current vs Output Low Voltage for
Different Temperature (TA) for VCC = 3.3 V
0.6
0.7
D009
Figure 8. I/O Sink Current vs Output Low Voltage for
Different Temperature (TA) for VCC = 5 V
300
90
70
VOL - Output Low Voltage (V)
-40 °C
25 °C
85 °C
80
IOL - Sink Current (mA)
-40 °C
25 °C
85 °C
70
IOL - Sink Current (mA)
IOL - Sink Current (mA)
60
VCC = 5.5 V
60
50
40
30
20
1.8 V, 1 mA
1.8 V, 10 mA
3.3 V, 1mA
250
3.3 V, 10 mA
5 V, 1 mA
5 V, 10 mA
200
150
100
50
10
0
-40
0
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
VOL - Output Low Voltage (V)
0.6
0.7
Figure 9. I/O Sink Current vs Output Low Voltage for
Different Temperature (TA) for VCC = 5.5 V
60
85
D011
25
-40 °C
25 °C
85 °C
IOH - Source Current (mA)
IOH - Source Current (mA)
10
35
TA - Temperature (°C)
Figure 10. II/O Low Voltage vs Temperature for Different VCC
and IOL
20
15
VCC = 1.65 V
10
5
0
-40 °C
25 °C
85 °C
20
VCC = 1.8 V
15
10
5
0
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
VCC-VOH - Output High Voltage (V)
0.6
0.7
0
D012
D001
Figure 11. I/O Source Current vs Output High Voltage for
Different Temperature (TA) for VCC = 1.65 V
10
-15
D010
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
VCC-VOH - Output High Voltage (V)
0.6
0.7
D013
D001
Figure 12. I/O Source Current vs Output High Voltage for
Different Temperature (TA) for VCC = 1.8 V
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Typical Characteristics (continued)
TA = 25°C (unless otherwise noted)
60
40
IOH - Source Current (mA)
35
IOH - Source Current (mA)
-40 °C
25 °C
85 °C
30
VCC = 2.5 V
25
20
15
10
40
VCC = 3.3 V
30
20
0
0
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
VCC-VOH - Output High Voltage (V)
0.6
0
0.7
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
VCC-VOH - Output High Voltage (V)
D014
D001
0.6
0.7
D015
Figure 13. I/O Source Current vs Output High Voltage for
Different Temperature (TA) for VCC = 2.5 V
Figure 14. I/O Source Current vs Output High Voltage for
Different Temperature (TA) for VCC = 3.3 V
70
80
-40 °C
25 °C
85 °C
50
-40 °C
25 °C
85 °C
70
IOH - Source Current (mA)
60
IOH - Source Current (mA)
-40 °C
25 °C
85 °C
10
5
VCC = 5 V
40
30
20
10
60
VCC = 5.5 V
50
40
30
20
10
0
0
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
VCC-VOH - Output High Voltage (V)
0.6
0.7
0
D016
Figure 15. I/O Source Current vs Output High Voltage for
Different Temperature (TA) for VCC = 5 V
350
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
VCC-VOH - Output High Voltage (V)
0.6
0.7
D017
Figure 16. I/O Source Current vs Output High Voltage for
Different Temperature (TA) for VCC = 5.5 V
400
18
1.65 V, 10 mA
2.5 V, 10 mA
3.6 V, 10 mA
5 V, 10 mA
5.5 V, 10 mA
15
1.65 V
1.8 V
2.5 V
3.3 V
5V
5.5 V
300
Delta ICC (µA)
VCC-VOH - I/O High Voltage (mV)
50
250
200
150
9
6
3
100
50
-40
12
-15
10
35
TA - Temperature (°C)
60
85
0
-40
D018
Figure 17. VCC – VOH Voltage vs Temperature for Different
VCC
-15
10
35
TA - Temperature (°C)
60
85
D019
Figure 18. Δ ICC vs Temperature for Different VCC (VI = VCC –
0.6 V)
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7 Parameter Measurement Information
VCC
RL = 1 kΩ
DUT
SDA
CL = 50 pF
(see Note A)
SDA Load Configuration
Stop
Condition
(P)
Start
Address
Address
Bit 7
Condition
Bit 6
(MSB)
(S)
Address
Bit 1
tscl
R/W
Bit 0
(LSB)
ACK
(A)
Data
Bit 07
(MSB)
Data
Bit 10
(LSB)
Stop
Condition
(P)
tsch
0.7 × VCC
SCL
0.3 × VCC
ticr
ticf
tbuf
tsts
tvd(ack)
tsp
tvd(data)
0.7 × VCC
SDA
0.3 × VCC
ticf
ticr
tsth
tsdh
tsds
tsps
Repeat
Start
Condition
Start or
Repeat
Start
Condition
Stop
Condition
Voltage Waveforms
BYTE
DESCRIPTION
1
I2C address
2, 3
P-port data
A.
CL includes probe and jig capacitance.
B.
All inputs are supplied by generators having the following characteristics: PRR ≤ 10 MHz, ZO = 50 Ω, tr/tf ≤ 30 ns.
C.
All parameters and waveforms are not applicable to all devices.
Figure 19. I2C Interface Load Circuit and Voltage Waveforms
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Parameter Measurement Information (continued)
VCC
RL = 4.7 kΩ
DUT
INT
CL = 100 pF
(see Note A)
Interupt Load Configuration
1
SCL
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Data From Port
Slave Address
S
SDA
1
1
Start
Condition
1
0
1 A1 A0 1
R/W
Data 1
A
Data From Port
Data 4
A
NACK From
Master
ACK From
Master
ACK From
Slave
NA P
Stop
Condition
Read From
Port
Data Into
Port
Data 2
Data 3
tph
Data 4
Data 5
tps
INT
tiv
tir
0.7 × VCC
INT
SCL
0.3 × VCC
0.7 × VCC
R/W
tiv
Data Into
Port (Pn)
A
0.3 × VCC
tir
0.7 × VCC
0.7 × VCC
INT
0.3 × VCC
0.3 × VCC
A.
CL includes probe and jig capacitance.
B.
All inputs are supplied by generators having the following characteristics: PRR ≤ 10 MHz, ZO = 50 Ω, tr/tf ≤ 30 ns.
C.
All parameters and waveforms are not applicable to all devices.
Figure 20. Interrupt Load Circuit and Voltage Waveforms
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Parameter Measurement Information (continued)
500 Ω
Pn
DUT
2 × VCC
CL = 50 pF
(see Note A)
500
P-Port Load Configuration
0.7 × VCC
SCL
P0
A
P3
0.3 × VCC
Slave
ACK
SDA
tpv
(see Note B)
Pn
Unstable
Data
Last Stable Bit
Write Mode (R/W = 0)
0.7 × VCC
SCL
P0
A
tps
P3
0.3 × VCC
tph
0.7 × VCC
Pn
0.3 × VCC
Read Mode (R/W = 1)
A.
CL includes probe and jig capacitance.
B.
tpv is measured from 0.7 × VCC on SCL to 50% I/O (Pn) output.
C.
All inputs are supplied by generators having the following characteristics: PRR ≤ 10 MHz, ZO = 50 Ω, tr/tf ≤ 30 ns.
D.
The outputs are measured one at a time, with one transition per measurement.
E.
All parameters and waveforms are not applicable to all devices.
Figure 21. P-Port Load Circuit and Voltage Waveforms
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Parameter Measurement Information (continued)
V CC
DUT
500
Pn
R L = 1 kΩ
DUT
SDA
2 × V CC
C L = 50 pF
(see Note 1)
500 Ω
C L = 50 pF
(see Note 1)
SDA Load Configuration
P-Port Load Configuration
Start
SCL
ACK or Read Cycle
SDA
0.3
V CC
t RESET
RESET
V CC/2
t REC
tw
Px
(see Note 4)
-VCC /2
A.
CL includes probe and jig capacitance.
B.
All inputs are supplied by generators having the following characteristics: PRR ≤ 10 MHz, ZO = 50 Ω, tr/tf ≤ 30 ns.
C.
The outputs are measured one at a time, with one transition per measurement.
D.
I/Os are configured as inputs.
E.
All parameters and waveforms are not applicable to all devices.
Figure 22. Reset Load Circuits and Voltage Waveforms
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8 Detailed Description
8.1 Overview
The TCA9539 is a 16-bit Input-Output expander for the two-line bidirectional bus (I2C) designed for 1.65-V to 5.5V VCC operation. It provides general-purpose remote I/O expansion for most microcontroller families via the I2C
interface ,serial clock (SCL) and serial data (SDA).
The TCA9539 consists of two 8-bit Configuration (input or output selection), Input Port, Output Port, and Polarity
Inversion (active-high or active-low operation) registers. At power-on, the I/Os are configured as inputs. The
system master can enable the I/Os as either inputs or outputs by writing to the I/O configuration register bits. The
data for each input or output is kept in the corresponding Input or output register. The polarity of the Input Port
register can be inverted with the Polarity Inversion register. All registers can be read by the system master.
The system master can reset the TCA9539 in the event of a time-out or other improper operation by asserting a
low in the RESET input. The power-on reset puts the registers in their default state and initializes the I2C-SMBus
state machine. Asserting RESET causes the same reset-initialization to occur without depowering the part.
The TCA9539 open-drain interrupt (INT) output is activated when any input state differs from its corresponding
Input Port register state and is used to indicate to the system master that an input state has changed.
INT can be connected to the interrupt input of a microcontroller. By sending an interrupt signal on this line, the
remote I/O can inform the microcontroller if there is incoming data on its ports without having to communicate via
the I2C bus. Thus, the TCA9539 can remain a simple slave device.
The device outputs (latched) have high-current drive capability for directly driving LEDs. The device has low
current consumption.
The TCA9539 is similar to the PCA9555, except for the removal of the internal I/O pull-up resistor, which greatly
reduces power consumption when the I/Os are held low, replacement of A2 with RESET, and a different address
range. The TCA9539 is equivalent to the PCA9539 with lower voltage support (down to VCC = 1.65 V), and also
improved power-on-reset circuitry for different application scenarios.
Two hardware pins (A0 and A1) are used to program and vary the fixed I2C address and allow up to four devices
to share the same I2C bus or SMBus.
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8.2 Functional Block Diagram
TCA9539
INT
A0
A1
1
Interrupt
Logic
LP Filter
21
2
P07−P00
22
SCL
SDA
23
I 2C Bus
Control
Input
Filter
Shift
Register
16 Bits
I/O
Port
P17−P10
RESET
V CC
GND
Write Pulse
3
24
12
Read Pulse
Power-On
Reset
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A.
Pin numbers shown are for PW package.
B.
All I/Os are set to inputs at reset.
Figure 23. Logic Diagram (Positive Logic)
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Functional Block Diagram (continued)
Data From
Shift Register
Output Port
Register Data
Configuration
Register
Data From
Shift Register
D
Q
FF
Write Configuration
Pulse
VCC
Q1
D
CLK Q
Q
FF
I/O Pin
CLK Q
Write Pulse
Output Port
Register
Q2
Input Port
Register
D
GND
Q
Input Port
Register Data
FF
Read Pulse
CLK Q
To INT
Data From
Shift Register
D
Polarity
Register Data
Q
FF
Write Polarity
Pulse
CLK Q
Polarity Inversion
Register
(1)
At power-on reset, all registers return to default values.
Figure 24. Simplified Schematic of P-Port I/Os
8.3 Feature Description
8.3.1 I/O Port
When an I/O is configured as an input, FETs Q1 and Q2 are off, which creates a high-impedance input. The
input voltage may be raised above VCC to a maximum of 5.5 V.
If the I/O is configured as an output, Q1 or Q2 is enabled, depending on the state of the Output Port register. In
this case, there are low-impedance paths between the I/O pin and either VCC or GND. The external voltage
applied to this I/O pin must not exceed the recommended levels for proper operation.
8.3.2
RESET Input
A reset can be accomplished by holding the RESET pin low for a minimum of tW. The TCA9539 registers and
I2C/SMBus state machine are held in their default states until RESET is once again high. This input requires a
pull-up resistor to VCC, if no active connection is used.
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Feature Description (continued)
8.3.3 Interrupt (INT) Output
An interrupt is generated by any rising or falling edge of the port inputs in the input mode. After time tiv, the signal
INT is valid. Resetting the interrupt circuit is achieved when data on the port is changed to the original setting or
data is read from the port that generated the interrupt. Resetting occurs in the read mode at the acknowledge
(ACK) bit after the rising edge of the SCL signal. Note that the INT is reset at the ACK just before the byte of
changed data is sent. Interrupts that occur during the ACK clock pulse can be lost (or be very short) because of
the resetting of the interrupt during this pulse. Each change of the I/Os after resetting is detected and is
transmitted as INT.
Reading from or writing to another device does not affect the interrupt circuit, and a pin configured as an output
cannot cause an interrupt. Changing an I/O from an output to an input may cause a false interrupt to occur if the
state of the pin does not match the contents of the Input Port register. Because each 8-bit port is read
independently, the interrupt caused by port 0 is not cleared by a read of port 1, or vice versa.
INT has an open-drain structure and requires a pull-up resistor to VCC.
8.4 Device Functional Modes
8.4.1 Power-On Reset
When power (from 0 V) is applied to VCC, an internal power-on reset holds the TCA9539 in a reset condition until
VCC has reached VPOR R. At that point, the reset condition is released and the TCA9539 registers and I2C-SMBus
state machine initialize to their default states. After that, VCC must be lowered to below VPORF and then back up
to the operating voltage for a power-reset cycle.
8.5 Programming
8.5.1 I2C Interface
The TCA9539 has a standard bidirectional I2C interface that is controlled by a master device in order to be
configured or read the status of this device. Each slave on the I2C bus has a specific device address to
differentiate between other slave devices that are on the same I2C bus. Many slave devices require configuration
upon startup to set the behavior of the device. This is typically done when the master accesses internal register
maps of the slave, which have unique register addresses. A device can have one or multiple registers where
data is stored, written, or read. For more information see Understanding the I2C Bus, SLVA704.
The physical I2C interface consists of the serial clock (SCL) and serial data (SDA) lines. Both SDA and SCL lines
must be connected to VCC through a pull-up resistor. The size of the pull-up resistor is determined by the amount
of capacitance on the I2C lines. For further details, see I2C Pull-up Resistor Calculation, SLVA689. Data transfer
may be initiated only when the bus is idle. A bus is considered idle if both SDA and SCL lines are high after a
STOP condition. See Table 1.
Figure 25 and Figure 26 show the general procedure for a master to access a slave device:
1. If a master wants to send data to a slave:
– Master-transmitter sends a START condition and addresses the slave-receiver.
– Master-transmitter sends data to slave-receiver.
– Master-transmitter terminates the transfer with a STOP condition.
2. If a master wants to receive or read data from a slave:
– Master-receiver sends a START condition and addresses the slave-transmitter.
– Master-receiver sends the requested register to read to slave-transmitter.
– Master-receiver receives data from the slave-transmitter.
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Programming (continued)
– Master-receiver terminates the transfer with a STOP condition.
SCL
SDA
Data Transfer
START
Condition
STOP
Condition
Figure 25. Definition of Start and Stop Conditions
SDA line stable while SCL line is high
SCL
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
ACK
MSB
Bit
Bit
Bit
Bit
Bit
Bit
LSB
ACK
SDA
Byte: 1010 1010 ( 0xAAh )
Figure 26. Bit Transfer
Table 1 shows the interface definition.
Table 1. Interface Definition
BYTE
BIT
7 (MSB)
2
20
6
5
4
3
2
1
0 (LSB)
I C slave address
H
H
H
L
H
A1
A0
R/W
P0x I/O data bus
P07
P06
P05
P04
P03
P02
P01
P00
P1x I/O data bus
P17
P16
P15
P14
P13
P12
P11
P10
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8.6 Register Maps
8.6.1 Device Address
Figure 27 shows the address byte of the TCA9539.
R/W
Slave Address
1
1
1
0
Fixed
A1 A0
1
Programmable
Figure 27. TCA9539 Address
Table 2 shows the address reference of the TCA9539.
Table 2. Address Reference
INPUTS
I2C BUS SLAVE ADDRESS
A1
A0
L
L
116 (decimal), 0x74 (hexadecimal)
L
H
117 (decimal), 0x75 (hexadecimal)
H
L
118 (decimal), 0x76 (hexadecimal)
H
H
119 (decimal), 0x77 (hexadecimal)
The last bit of the slave address defines the operation (read or write) to be performed. A high (1) selects a read
operation, while a low (0) selects a write operation.
Note that the I2C addresses shown above are the 7-bit, right-justified hexadecimal values.
8.6.2 Control Register and Command Byte
Following the successful acknowledgment of the address byte, the bus master sends a command byte shown in
Table 3 that is stored in the control register in the TCA9539. Three bits of this data byte state the operation (read
or write) and the internal register (input, output, Polarity Inversion or Configuration) that is affected. This register
can be written or read through the I2C bus. The command byte is sent only during a write transmission.
When a command byte has been sent, the register pair that was addressed continues to be accessed by reads
until a new command byte has been sent. Figure 28 shows the control register bits.
0
0
0
0
0
B2
B1
B0
Figure 28. Control Register Bits
Table 3. Command Byte
CONTROL REGISTER BITS
B2
B1
B0
COMMAND
BYTE (HEX)
REGISTER
PROTOCOL
POWER-UP
DEFAULT
0
0
0
0x00
Input Port 0
Read byte
xxxx xxxx
0
0
1
0x01
Input Port 1
Read byte
xxxx xxxx
0
1
0
0x02
Output Port 0
Read/write byte
1111 1111
0
1
1
0x03
Output Port 1
Read/write byte
1111 1111
1
0
0
0x04
Polarity Inversion Port 0
Read/write byte
0000 0000
1
0
1
0x05
Polarity Inversion Port 1
Read/write byte
0000 0000
1
1
0
0x06
Configuration Port 0
Read/write byte
1111 1111
1
1
1
0x07
Configuration Port 1
Read/write byte
1111 1111
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8.6.3 Register Descriptions
The Input Port registers (registers 0 and 1) shown in Table 4 reflect the incoming logic levels of the pins,
regardless of whether the pin is defined as an input or an output by the Configuration register. It only acts on
read operation. Writes to these registers have no effect. The default value, X, is determined by the externally
applied logic level.
Before a read operation, a write transmission is sent with the command byte to indicate to the I2C device that the
Input Port register is accessed next. See the Writes section for more information and examples.
Table 4. Registers 0 And 1 (Input Port Registers)
Bit
Default
Bit
Default
I0.7
I0.6
I0.5
I0.4
I0.3
I0.2
I0.1
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
I0.0
X
I1.7
I1.6
I1.5
I1.4
I1.3
I1.2
I1.1
I1.0
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
The Output Port registers (registers 2 and 3) shown in Table 5 show the outgoing logic levels of the pins defined
as outputs by the Configuration register. Bit values in this register have no effect on pins defined as inputs. In
turn, reads from this register reflect the value that is in the flip-flop controlling the output selection, not the actual
pin value.
Table 5. Registers 2 And 3 (Output Port Registers)
Bit
O0.7
Default
Bit
Default
O0.6
O0.5
O0.4
O0.3
O0.2
O0.1
O0.0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
O1.7
O1.6
O1.5
O1.4
O1.3
O1.2
O1.1
O1.0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
The Polarity Inversion registers (registers 4 and 5) shown in Table 6 allow Polarity Inversion of pins defined as
inputs by the Configuration register. If a bit in this register is set (written with 1), the corresponding port pin's
polarity is inverted. If a bit in this register is cleared (written with a 0), the corresponding port pin's original polarity
is retained.
Table 6. Registers 4 And 5 (Polarity Inversion Registers)
Bit
Default
Bit
Default
N0.7
N0.6
N0.5
N0.4
N0.3
N0.2
N0.1
N0.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
N1.7
N1.6
N1.5
N1.4
N1.3
N1.2
N1.1
N1.0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
The Configuration registers (registers 6 and 7) shown in Table 7 configure the directions of the I/O pins. If a bit in
this register is set to 1, the corresponding port pin is enabled as an input with a high-impedance output driver. If
a bit in this register is cleared to 0, the corresponding port pin is enabled as an output.
Table 7. Registers 6 And 7 (Configuration Registers)
Bit
Default
Bit
Default
C0.7
C0.6
C0.5
C0.4
C0.3
C0.2
C0.1
C0.0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
C1.7
C1.6
C1.5
C1.4
C1.3
C1.2
C1.1
C1.0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
8.6.3.1 Bus Transactions
Data is exchanged between the master and the TCA9539 through write and read commands, and this is
accomplished by reading from or writing to registers in the slave device.
Registers are locations in the memory of the slave which contain information, whether it be the configuration
information or some sampled data to send back to the master. The master must write information to these
registers in order to instruct the slave device to perform a task.
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8.6.3.1.1 Writes
To write on the I2C bus, the master sends a START condition on the bus with the address of the slave, as well
as the last bit (the R/W bit) set to 0, which signifies a write. After the slave sends the acknowledge bit, the master
then sends the register address of the register to which it wishes to write. The slave acknowledges again, letting
the master know it is ready. After this, the master starts sending the register data to the slave until the master
has sent all the data necessary (which is sometimes only a single byte), and the master terminates the
transmission with a STOP condition.
See the Register Descriptions section to see list of the TCA9539s internal registers and a description of each
one.
Figure 29 shows an example of writing a single byte to a slave register.
Master controls SDA line
Slave controls SDA line
Write to one register in a device
Register Address N (8 bits)
Device (Slave) Address (7 bits)
S
1
1
1
0
1
START
A1 A0
0
R/W=0
A
Data Byte to Register N (8 bits)
B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0
ACK
A
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
ACK
A
ACK
P
STOP
Figure 29. Write to Register
Master controls SDA line
Slave controls SDA line
Register Address 0x01 (8 bits)
Device (Slave) Address (7 bits)
S
1
START
1
1
0
1
A1 A0
0
R/W=0
A
0
ACK
0
0
0
0
1
0
Data Byte to Register 0x01 (8 bits)
A
0
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0
ACK
A
ACK
P
STOP
Figure 30. Write to the Polarity Inversion Register
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1
SCL
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Command Byte
Slave Address
SDA
S
1
1
1
0
1
www.ti.com
A1 A0
0
A
0
0
0
0
0
0
Data to Port 0
1
0
A 0.7
R/W Acknowledge
From Slave
Start Condition
Data to Port 1
0.0
Data 0
A 1.7
Acknowledge
From Slave
Data 1
1.0
A
P
Acknowledge
From Slave
Write to Port
Data Out from Port 0
tpv
Data Valid
Data Out from Port 1
tpv
Figure 31. Write to Output Port Registers
8.6.3.1.2 Reads
Reading from a slave is very similar to writing, but requires some additional steps. In order to read from a slave,
the master must first instruct the slave which register it wishes to read from. This is done by the master starting
off the transmission in a similar fashion as the write, by sending the address with the R/W bit equal to 0
(signifying a write), followed by the register address it wishes to read from. When the slave acknowledges this
register address, the master sends a START condition again, followed by the slave address with the R/W bit set
to 1 (signifying a read). This time, the slave acknowledges the read request, and the master releases the SDA
bus but continues supplying the clock to the slave. During this part of the transaction, the master becomes the
master-receiver, and the slave becomes the slave-transmitter.
The master continues to send out the clock pulses, but releases the SDA line so that the slave can transmit data.
At the end of every byte of data, the master sends an ACK to the slave, letting the slave know that it is ready for
more data. When the master has received the number of bytes it is expecting, it sends a NACK, signaling to the
slave to halt communications and release the bus. The master follows this up with a STOP condition.
See the Register Descriptions section for the list of the TCA9539s internal registers and a description of each
one.
Figure 32 shows an example of reading a single byte from a slave register.
Master controls SDA line
Slave controls SDA line
Read from one register in a device
Device (Slave) Address (7 bits)
S
1
START
1
1
0
1
A1 A0
Register Address N (8 bits)
0
R/W=0
A
B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1 B0
ACK
Data Byte from Register N (8 bits)
Device (Slave) Address (7 bits)
A
ACK
Sr
1
1
1
0
1
A1 A0
Repeated START
1
R/W=1
A
D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 NA
ACK
NACK
P
STOP
Figure 32. Read from Register
After a restart, the value of the register defined by the command byte matches the register being accessed when
the restart occurred. For example, if the command byte references Input Port 1 before the restart, the restart
occurs when Input Port 0 is being read. The original command byte is forgotten. If a subsequent restart occurs,
Input Port 0 is read first. Data is clocked into the register on the rising edge of the ACK clock pulse. After the first
byte is read, additional bytes may be read, but the data now reflect the information in the other register in the
pair. For example, if Input Port 1 is read, the next byte read is Input Port 0.
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Data is clocked into the register on the rising edge of the ACK clock pulse. There is no limitation on the number
of data bytes received in one read transmission, but when the final byte is received, the bus master must not
acknowledge the data.
1
SCL
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
I0.x
SDA
S
1
1
1
0
1
A1
1
A0
A
R/W
7
6
5
4
3
I1.x
2
1
0
A
7
6
5
4
3
Acknowledge
From Master
Acknowledge
From Slave
I0.x
2
1
0
A
7
6
5
4
I1.x
3
2
1
0
A
7
6
5
4
3
2
Acknowledge
From Master
Acknowledge
From Master
1
0
1
P
No Acknowledge
From Master
Read From Port 0
Data Into Port 0
Read From Port 1
Data Into Port 1
INT
tiv
tir
A.
Transfer of data can be stopped at any time by a Stop condition. When this occurs, data present at the latest
acknowledge phase is valid (output mode). It is assumed that the command byte previously has been set to 00 (Read
Input Port register).
B.
This figure eliminates the command byte transfer, a restart, and slave address call between the initial slave address
call and actual data transfer from the P port (see Figure 32 for these details).
Figure 33. Read Input Port Register, Scenario 1
1
SCL
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10.x
SDA
S
1
1
1
0
1
A1
A0
1
R/W
A
00
Acknowledge
From Slave
11.x
A
10
10.x
A
11.x
03
A
Acknowledge
From Master
Acknowledge
From Master
tps
tph
1
11
P
Acknowledge
From Master
No Acknowledge
From Master
t ph
Read From Port 0
Data Into Port 0
Data 00
Data 01
t iv
Data 02
Data 03
tph
Read From Port 1
Data 10
Data Into Port 1
Data 11
Data 12
tir
INT
tiv
t iv
t ir
A.
Transfer of data can be stopped at any time by a Stop condition. When this occurs, data present at the latest
acknowledge phase is valid (output mode). It is assumed that the command byte previously has been set to 00 (Read
Input Port register).
B.
This figure eliminates the command byte transfer, a restart, and slave address call between the initial slave address
call and actual data transfer from the P port (see Figure 32 for these details).
Figure 34. Read Input Port Register, Scenario 2
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9 Application and Implementation
NOTE
Information in the following applications sections is not part of the TI component
specification, and TI does not warrant its accuracy or completeness. TI’s customers are
responsible for determining suitability of components for their purposes. Customers should
validate and test their design implementation to confirm system functionality.
9.1 Application Information
Applications of the TCA9539 has this device connected as a slave to an I2C master (processor), and the I2C bus
may contain any number of other slave devices. The TCA9539 is typically in a remote location from the master,
placed close to the GPIOs to which the master must monitor or control.
IO Expanders such as the TCA9539 are typically used for controlling LEDs (for feedback or status lights),
controlling enable or reset signals of other devices, and even reading the outputs of other devices or buttons.
9.2 Typical Application
Figure 35 shows an application in which the TCA9539 can be used.
Subsystem 1
(e.g., T emperature
Sensor)
INT
V CC
(5 V)
10 k Ω
V CC
10 kΩ
10 kΩ
24 Ω
10 kΩ
Master
Controller
V CC
22
SCL
P00
SCL
23
SDA
2 kΩ
P01
SDA
P02
1
INT
3
RESET
INT
GND
P03
P04
P05
4
Subsystem 2
(e.g., Counter)
100 kΩ
100 kΩ
100 kΩ
RESET
5
A
6
7
ENABLE
8
9
B
TCA9539
V CC
2
21
A1
A0
P06
10
P07
P10
11
P11
14
15
P13
16
17
P16
GND
12
13
P12
P14
P15
P17
Controlled Switch
(e.g., CBT Device)
ALARM
Keypad
Subsystem 3
(e.g., Alarm)
18
19
20
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A.
Device address is configured as 1110100 for this example.
B.
P00, P02, and P03 are configured as outputs.
C.
P01 and P04 to P17 are configured as inputs.
D.
Pin numbers shown are for the PW package.
Figure 35. Application Schematic
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Typical Application (continued)
9.2.1 Design Requirements
9.2.1.1 Calculating Junction Temperature and Power Dissipation
When designing with this device, it is important that the Recommended Operating Conditions not be violated.
Many of the parameters of this device are rated based on junction temperature. So junction temperature must be
calculated in order to verify that safe operation of the device is met. The basic equation for junction temperature
is shown in Equation 1.
Tj = TA + (qJA ´ Pd )
(1)
θJA is the standard junction to ambient thermal resistance measurement of the package, as seen in Thermal
Information table. Pd is the total power dissipation of the device, and the approximation is shown in Equation 2.
(
Pd » ICC _ STATIC ´ VCC
) + å Pd _ PORT _ L + å Pd _ PORT _ H
(2)
Equation 2 is the approximation of power dissipation in the device. The equation is the static power plus the
summation of power dissipated by each port (with a different equation based on if the port is outputting high, or
outputting low. If the port is set as an input, then power dissipation is the input leakage of the pin multiplied by
the voltage on the pin). Note that this ignores power dissipation in the INT and SDA pins, assuming these
transients to be small. They can easily be included in the power dissipation calculation by using Equation 3 to
calculate the power dissipation in INT or SDA while they are pulling low, and this gives maximum power
dissipation.
Pd _ PORT _ L = (IOL ´ VOL )
(3)
Equation 3 shows the power dissipation for a single port which is set to output low. The power dissipated by the
port is the VOL of the port multiplied by the current it is sinking.
(
)
Pd _ PORT _H = IOH ´ (VCC - VOH )
(4)
Equation 4 shows the power dissipation for a single port which is set to output high. The power dissipated by the
port is the current sourced by the port multiplied by the voltage drop across the device (difference between VCC
and the output voltage).
9.2.1.2 Minimizing ICC When I/Os Control LEDs
When an I/O is used to control an LED, normally it is connected to VCC through a resistor see Figure 35.
Because the LED acts as a diode, when the LED is off, the I/O VIN is about 1.2 V less than VCC. The ΔICC
parameter in the Electrical Characteristics table shows how ICC increases as VIN becomes lower than VCC. For
battery-powered applications, it is essential that the voltage of I/O pins is greater than or equal to VCC, when the
LED is off, to minimize current consumption.
Figure 36 shows a high-value resistor in parallel with the LED. Figure 37 shows VCC less than the LED supply
voltage by at least 1.2 V. Both of these methods maintain the I/O VCC at or above VCC and prevent additional
supply-current consumption when the LED is off.
VCC
LED
100 k
VCC
Pn
Figure 36. High-Value Resistor in Parallel with LED
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Typical Application (continued)
3.3 V
5V
VCC
LED
Pn
Figure 37. Device Supplied by Lower Voltage
9.2.2 Detailed Design Procedure
The pull-up resistors, RP, for the SCL and SDA lines need to be selected appropriately and take into
consideration the total capacitance of all slaves on the I2C bus. The minimum pull-up resistance is a function of
VCC, VOL,(max), and IOL as shown in Equation 5.
Rp(min) =
VCC - VOL(max)
IOL
(5)
The maximum pull-up resistance is a function of the maximum rise time, tr (300 ns for fast-mode operation,
fSCL = 400 kHz) and bus capacitance, Cb, see Equation 6.
Rp(max) =
tr
0.8473 ´ Cb
(6)
2
The maximum bus capacitance for an I C bus must not exceed 400 pF for standard-mode or fast-mode
operation. The bus capacitance can be approximated by adding the capacitance of the TCA9554A, Ci for SCL or
Cio for SDA, the capacitance of wires, connections and traces, and the capacitance of additional slaves on the
bus.
9.2.3 Application Curves
25
1.8
Standard-mode
Fast-mode
1.6
1.4
Rp(min) (kOhm)
Rp(max) (kOhm)
20
15
10
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
5
VCC > 2V
VCC 2 V
Figure 39. Minimum Pull-Up Resistance (Rp(min)) vs Pull-Up
Reference Voltage (VCC)
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10 Power Supply Recommendations
10.1 Power-On Reset Requirements
In the event of a glitch or data corruption, the TCA9539 can be reset to its default conditions by using the poweron reset feature. Power-on reset requires that the device go through a power cycle to be completely reset. This
reset also happens when the device is powered on for the first time in an application.
The voltage waveform for a power-on reset is shown in Figure 40.
VCC
Ramp-Up
Ramp-Down
VCC_TRR
VCC drops below VPORF – 50 mV
Time
Time to Re-Ramp
VCC_FT
VCC_RT
VCC Is lowered below the POR threshold, then ramped back up to VCC
Figure 40. Voltage Waveform for Power-On Reset
Table 8 specifies the performance of the power-on reset feature for the TCA9539.
Table 8. Recommended Supply Sequencing and Ramp Rates
PARAMETER
(1)
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNIT
VCC_FT
Fall rate
See Figure 40
0.1
ms
VCC_RT
Rise rate
See Figure 40
0.1
ms
VCC_TRR
Time to re-ramp (when VCC drops to VPOR_MIN – 50 mV or when
See Figure 40
VCC drops to GND)
1
μs
VCC_GH
The level (referenced to VCC) that VCC can glitch down to, but
not cause a functional disruption when VCC_GW
See Figure 41
VCC_MV
The minimum voltage that VCC can glitch down to without
causing a reset (VCC_GH must not be violated)
See Figure 41
VCC_GW
Glitch width that will not cause a functional disruption
See Figure 41
VPORF
Voltage trip point of POR on falling VCC
VPORR
Voltage trip point of POR on rising VCC
(1)
1.2
1.5
V
10
0.75
V
1
1.2
μs
V
1.5
V
TA = –40°C to +85°C (unless otherwise noted)
Glitches in the power supply can also affect the power-on reset performance of this device. The glitch width
(VCC_GW) and height (VCC_GH) are dependent on each other. The bypass capacitance, source impedance, and
device impedance are factors that affect power-on reset performance. Figure 41 and Table 8 provide more
information on how to measure these specifications.
VCC
VCC_GH
VCC_MV
Time
VCC_GW
Figure 41. Glitch Width and Glitch Height
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VPOR is critical to the power-on reset. VPORR is the voltage level at which the reset condition is released and all
the registers and the I2C-SMBus state machine are initialized to their default states. The value of VPOR differs
based on the VCC being lowered to or from 0. Figure 42 and Table 8 provide more details on this specification.
VPORR
Figure 42. VPOR
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11 Layout
11.1 Layout Guidelines
For printed circuit board (PCB) layout of the TCA9539, common PCB layout practices must be followed but
additional concerns related to high-speed data transfer such as matched impedances and differential pairs are
not a concern for I2C signal speeds.
In all PCB layouts, it is a best practice to avoid right angles in signal traces, to fan out signal traces away from
each other upon leaving the vicinity of an integrated circuit (IC), and to use thicker trace widths to carry higher
amounts of current that commonly pass through power and ground traces. By-pass and de-coupling capacitors
are commonly used to control the voltage on the VCC pin, using a larger capacitor to provide additional power in
the event of a short power supply glitch and a smaller capacitor to filter out high-frequency ripple. These
capacitors must be placed as close to the TCA9539 as possible. These best practices are shown in Figure 43.
For the layout example provided in Figure 43, it would be possible to fabricate a PCB with only 2 layers by using
the top layer for signal routing and the bottom layer as a split plane for power (VCC) and ground (GND). However,
a 4 layer board is preferable for boards with higher density signal routing. On a 4 layer PCB, it is common to
route signals on the top and bottom layer, dedicate one internal layer to a ground plane, and dedicate the other
internal layer to a power plane. In a board layout using planes or split planes for power and ground, vias are
placed directly next to the surface mount component pad which must attach to VCC or GND and the via is
connected electrically to the internal layer or the other side of the board. Vias are also used when a signal trace
must be routed to the opposite side of the board, but this technique is not demonstrated in Figure 43.
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11.2 Layout Example
LEGEND
Partial
view of plane
(inner layer )
Via to power plane
Via to GND plane
C
VC
INT
VCC
16
2
A1
SDA
15
3
RESET
SCL
14
4
P00
A0
13
5
P01
P17
16
6
P02
P16
15
7
P03
P15
14
8
P04
P14
13
9
P05
P13
16
10
P06
P12
15
11
P07
P11
14
12
GND
P10
13
G
ND
PW package
TCA9539
1
To I/Os
To I/Os
C
VC
To processor
By-pass/de-coupling
capacitors
Figure 43. TCA9539 Layout
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12 Device and Documentation Support
12.1 Documentation Support
12.1.1 Related Documentation
For related documentation see the following:
• Understanding the I2C Bus, SLVA704
• I2C Pull-up Resistor Calculation, SLVA689
• Introduction to Logic, SLVA700
• Maximum Clock Frequency of I2C Bus Using Repeaters, SLVA695
• IO Expander EVM User's Guide, SLVUA59A
• I2C Bus Pull-Up Resistor Calculation, SLVA689
12.2 Community Resources
The following links connect to TI community resources. Linked contents are provided "AS IS" by the respective
contributors. They do not constitute TI specifications and do not necessarily reflect TI's views; see TI's Terms of
Use.
TI E2E™ Online Community TI's Engineer-to-Engineer (E2E) Community. Created to foster collaboration
among engineers. At e2e.ti.com, you can ask questions, share knowledge, explore ideas and help
solve problems with fellow engineers.
Design Support TI's Design Support Quickly find helpful E2E forums along with design support tools and
contact information for technical support.
12.3 Trademarks
E2E is a trademark of Texas Instruments.
All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
12.4 Electrostatic Discharge Caution
These devices have limited built-in ESD protection. The leads should be shorted together or the device placed in conductive foam
during storage or handling to prevent electrostatic damage to the MOS gates.
12.5 Glossary
SLYZ022 — TI Glossary.
This glossary lists and explains terms, acronyms, and definitions.
13 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable Information
The following pages include mechanical, packaging, and orderable information. This information is the most
current data available for the designated devices. This data is subject to change without notice and revision of
this document. For browser-based versions of this data sheet, refer to the left-hand navigation.
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PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
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15-May-2016
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable Device
Status
(1)
Package Type Package Pins Package
Drawing
Qty
Eco Plan
Lead/Ball Finish
MSL Peak Temp
(2)
(6)
(3)
Op Temp (°C)
Device Marking
(4/5)
TCA9539PWR
ACTIVE
TSSOP
PW
24
2000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU NIPDAU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 85
PW539
TCA9539RGER
ACTIVE
VQFN
RGE
24
3000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU NIPDAU
Level-2-260C-1 YEAR
-40 to 85
TD9539
TCA9539RTWR
ACTIVE
WQFN
RTW
24
3000
Green (RoHS
& no Sb/Br)
CU NIPDAU
Level-1-260C-UNLIM
-40 to 85
PW539
(1)
The marketing status values are defined as follows:
ACTIVE: Product device recommended for new designs.
LIFEBUY: TI has announced that the device will be discontinued, and a lifetime-buy period is in effect.
NRND: Not recommended for new designs. Device is in production to support existing customers, but TI does not recommend using this part in a new design.
PREVIEW: Device has been announced but is not in production. Samples may or may not be available.
OBSOLETE: TI has discontinued the production of the device.
(2)
Eco Plan - The planned eco-friendly classification: Pb-Free (RoHS), Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt), or Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br) - please check http://www.ti.com/productcontent for the latest availability
information and additional product content details.
TBD: The Pb-Free/Green conversion plan has not been defined.
Pb-Free (RoHS): TI's terms "Lead-Free" or "Pb-Free" mean semiconductor products that are compatible with the current RoHS requirements for all 6 substances, including the requirement that
lead not exceed 0.1% by weight in homogeneous materials. Where designed to be soldered at high temperatures, TI Pb-Free products are suitable for use in specified lead-free processes.
Pb-Free (RoHS Exempt): This component has a RoHS exemption for either 1) lead-based flip-chip solder bumps used between the die and package, or 2) lead-based die adhesive used between
the die and leadframe. The component is otherwise considered Pb-Free (RoHS compatible) as defined above.
Green (RoHS & no Sb/Br): TI defines "Green" to mean Pb-Free (RoHS compatible), and free of Bromine (Br) and Antimony (Sb) based flame retardants (Br or Sb do not exceed 0.1% by weight
in homogeneous material)
(3)
MSL, Peak Temp. - The Moisture Sensitivity Level rating according to the JEDEC industry standard classifications, and peak solder temperature.
(4)
There may be additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category on the device.
(5)
Multiple Device Markings will be inside parentheses. Only one Device Marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a device. If a line is indented then it is a continuation
of the previous line and the two combined represent the entire Device Marking for that device.
(6)
Lead/Ball Finish - Orderable Devices may have multiple material finish options. Finish options are separated by a vertical ruled line. Lead/Ball Finish values may wrap to two lines if the finish
value exceeds the maximum column width.
Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information
provided by third parties, and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and
Addendum-Page 1
Samples
PACKAGE OPTION ADDENDUM
www.ti.com
15-May-2016
continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals.
TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers and other limited information may not be available for release.
In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis.
OTHER QUALIFIED VERSIONS OF TCA9539 :
• Automotive: TCA9539-Q1
NOTE: Qualified Version Definitions:
• Automotive - Q100 devices qualified for high-reliability automotive applications targeting zero defects
Addendum-Page 2
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com
10-Sep-2016
TAPE AND REEL INFORMATION
*All dimensions are nominal
Device
Package Package Pins
Type Drawing
SPQ
Reel
Reel
A0
Diameter Width (mm)
(mm) W1 (mm)
B0
(mm)
K0
(mm)
P1
(mm)
W
Pin1
(mm) Quadrant
TCA9539PWR
TSSOP
PW
24
2000
330.0
16.4
6.95
8.3
1.6
8.0
16.0
Q1
TCA9539RTWR
WQFN
RTW
24
3000
330.0
12.4
4.25
4.25
1.15
8.0
12.0
Q2
Pack Materials-Page 1
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com
10-Sep-2016
*All dimensions are nominal
Device
Package Type
Package Drawing
Pins
SPQ
Length (mm)
Width (mm)
Height (mm)
TCA9539PWR
TCA9539RTWR
TSSOP
PW
24
2000
367.0
367.0
38.0
WQFN
RTW
24
3000
367.0
367.0
35.0
Pack Materials-Page 2
PACKAGE OUTLINE
WQFN - 0.8 mm max height
RTW0024B
PLASTIC QUAD FLATPACK-NO LEAD
4.1
3.9
B
A
4.1
3.9
PIN 1 INDEX AREA
C
0.8 MAX
SEATING PLANE
0.05
0.00
0.08 C
2X 2.5
EXPOSED
THERMAL PAD
12
7
(0.2) TYP
20X 0.5
6
2X
2.5
13
25
SYMM
2.45±0.1
1
PIN 1 ID
(OPTIONAL)
18
19
24
SYMM
24X 0.5
0.3
24X 0.34
0.24
0.1
0.05
C A B
C
4219135/A 11/2016
NOTES:
1.
2.
All linear dimensions are in millimeters. Any dimensions in parenthesis are for reference only. Dimensioning and tolerancing
per ASME Y14.5M.
This drawing is subject to change without notice.
www.ti.com
EXAMPLE BOARD LAYOUT
WQFN - 0.8 mm max height
RTW0024B
PLASTIC QUAD FLATPACK-NO LEAD
(
2.45)
SYMM
24
19
24X (0.6)
24X (0.24)
1
18
(0.97)
SYMM
25
(3.8)
20X (0.5)
(R0.05)
TYP
13
6
(Ø0.2) TYP
VIA
7
(0.97)
12
(3.8)
LAND PATTERN EXAMPLE
SCALE: 20X
0.07 MAX
ALL AROUND
METAL
0.07 MIN
ALL AROUND
SOLDER MASK
OPENING
SOLDER MASK
OPENING
NON SOLDER MASK
DEFINED
(PREFERRED)
METAL UNDER
SOLDER MASK
SOLDER MASK
DEFINED
SOLDER MASK DETAILS
NOTES: (continued)
3.
For more information, see Texas Instruments literature number SLUA271 (www.ti.com/lit/slua271) .
www.ti.com
4219135/A 11/2016
EXAMPLE STENCIL DESIGN
WQFN - 0.8 mm max height
RTW0024B
PLASTIC QUAD FLATPACK-NO LEAD
4X(
1.08)
(0.64) TYP
(R0.05) TYP
24
19
24X (0.6)
25
1
18
(0.64)
TYP
24X (0.24)
SYMM
20X (0.5)
(3.8)
13
6
METAL
TYP
7
12
SYMM
(3.8)
SOLDER PASTE EXAMPLE
BASED ON 0.125 mm THICK STENCIL
EXPOSED PAD 25:
78% PRINTED COVERAGE BY AREA UNDER PACKAGE
SCALE: 20X
4219135/A 11/2016
NOTES: (continued)
4.
Laser cutting apertures with trapezoidal walls and rounded corners may offer better paste release. IPC-7525 may have alternate
design recommendations.
www.ti.com
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