User's Guide
SLRU005 – February 2013
TPL7407L7-Channel Relay and Inductive Load Sink Driver
EVM
1
Overview
The TPL7407LEVM is a 7-Channel Relay and Inductive Load Sink Driver evaluation module that
demonstrates the TPL7407LDR integrated circuit from Texas Instruments (TI).
The TPL7407LDR is a high-performance peripheral driver designed to drive loads of many types
including: relays, stepper motors, lamps, and light emitting diodes.
The EVM is configured with seven push buttons that supply input to the TPL7407L driver and seven
relays are driven by the TPL7407Loutputs. A four terminal block can be connected to external power
supplies to provide input and relay power. All of the TPL7407Linput and output pins are accessible for
external connection.
1.1
TPL7407LEVM Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
Seven numbered push buttons control input for device testing.
Seven numbered light emitting diodes indicate relay contact closure.
Three 0.1” spaced post connector ports that allow access to all input pins, output pins, and relay
contacts.
Three open locations, per channel, on the circuit board for user supplied components.
Onboard relay loads that can be disconnected by removing surface mounted 0Ω resistors.
A large device clearance area that allows the use of small profile temperature forcing equipment.
Table 1. TPL7407LEVM Specification
Key Parameters
Input Supply Voltage:
0V – 5.5V
Relay Supply Voltage:
8.5V – 24V
Output Current:
Number of Channels:
Onboard Load:
•
•
•
•
•
•
0mA to 500mA
7
Seven OMRON G5NB relays
G5NB specs
Nominal coil resistance is 2,880Ω
Nominal coil current is 8.3mA
Nominal coil voltage is 24V
Pickup voltage < 75% Nominal
Dropout voltage > 10% Nominal
Maximum coil voltage 180% Nominal
CAUTION: Applying voltages above the limitations given in Table 1 may cause permanent damage to
your hardware.
Gerber (layout) files are available at www.ti.com.
The EVM includes mating connectors for input, output, and contact pins.
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1
Quick Setup Guide
www.ti.com
PCB Key Map
Physical structure for the TPL7407LEVM is illustrated in Figure 1.
Figure 1. Physical Structure for the TPL7407LEVM (Approximate Layout)
2
Quick Setup Guide
This section describes the setup to quickly check the functionality of TPL7407LEVM.
2.1
Electrostatic Discharge Warning
Many of the components on the TPL7407LEVM are susceptible to damage by electrostatic discharge
(ESD). Customers are advised to observe proper ESD handling precautions when unpacking and handling
the EVM, including the use of a grounded wrist strap at an approved ESD workstation.
CAUTION: Failure to observe ESD handling procedures may result in damage to EVM components.
Unpacking the EVM
After opening the TPL7407LEVM package, check to ensure that the following items are included:
• 1 pc. TPL7407LEVM board using one TPL7407LDR
• 3 pc. Eight pin insulation displacement connectors that accept AWG 22 insulated wire.
2
TPL7407L7-Channel Relay and Inductive Load Sink Driver EVM
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EVM Theory and Operation
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Power Supply Setup
A 8.5V - 24V power supply capable of 500 mA of current is required.
Connect the positive power supply lead to the “Input Supply” on TB1-1 and also connect it to the “Relay
Supply” on TB1-4. Connect the negative power supply lead to either of the two ground connections on
TB1-2 or TB1-3.
It is important to connect the power supply correctly because opposite supply polarity will damage
the EVM.
Turn the power supply on. At this time, the EVM light emitting diodes (LEDS) should be off and no current
should be flowing from the power supply. The TPL7407L consumes no power when all seven channels
are off.
Press the pushbuttons labeled IN1 through IN7 one at a time. When pressed the corresponding relay will
click as the contacts engage and the LED will illuminate.
Releasing a pushbutton will disengage the corresponding relay contacts and extinguish the LED.
If all seven buttons operate as previously described, then the TPL7407LEVM passes functional testing.
3
EVM Theory and Operation
The following single channel schematic is representative of the seven identical driver channels.
TB1
Relay Supply± 4
C2 0.1 F
Ground± 3
+
470 F
C21-27
C1
R51- R57
Ground± 2
Input Supply± 1
C3
pin 8
J2 - Output
DNI
R21- R27
0.1 F
10K
R31- R37
DNI
D1
0
J3 - Contact
pins 1- 7
R41- R47
IN1-7
COM
TPL7407L
1 of 7
Channels
J2 - Output
pins 1- 7
OUT1- 7
Regulation
Circuitry
J1 - Input
pin 1- 7
IN1-7
R1-7
DNI
50.
DRIVER
Shared
1M
J1 - Input
pin 8
GND
Figure 2. Single Channel Schematic
The TPL7407LEVM is designed to accept an “Input Supply” on TB1-1 with a voltage range of 1.8V to 5.5V
and a “Relay Supply” on TB1-4 with a voltage range ideally set to 24V ±10%, but will still operate with a
minimum voltage of 8.5V and a maximum voltage of 40V.
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EVM Theory and Operation
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When none of the buttons are pressed, the TPL7407L inputs will be open circuit and the internal resistors
in the TPL7407Lwill ensure zero volts on the inputs. With the inputs low, the TPL7407Loutput pins will set
to a high impedance state; therefore, no current will flow through the relay coils. The relay contact will not
be engaged and the voltage on the J3-Contact pins 1 to 7 will be pulled up to the relay supply voltage by a
10kΩ resistor on the PCB.
Pressing one of the input buttons, labeled IN1 to IN7, will apply the input voltage supply on TB1-1 to the
corresponding input pin on the TPL7407L. The internal resistor on the TPL7407L input pin will draw a
small current proportional to the input voltage. The nominal current is input voltage divided by 1MΩ, it can
also be expressed as the ratio, 1µA/V. The NMOS switch inside the TPL7407Lturns on providing a low
resistance path from output to ground. This completes the circuit and current flows from the relay supply
through the G5NB relay coil and through the TPL7407Loutput switch to ground and finally back through
the relay supply return lead. The relay coil current will engage the relay contacts. The relay contacts will
short the corresponding J3 “contact” pin to ground. It will also complete the corresponding LED circuit and
the LED will illuminate.
Releasing one of the input buttons, labeled IN1 to IN7, will remove the input voltage from the
corresponding input pin on the TPL7407L. The internal resistor on the TPL7407L input pin will decrease
the input voltage to zero. The NMOS switch inside the TPL7407Lturns off breaking the current path for the
relay coil. Since the coil is an inductor, the current cannot change in zero time. The coil voltage will
change polarity resulting in a TPL7407Loutput voltage that is greater than the relay supply voltage. This
will forward bias the diode inside the TPL7407Lpassing current back to the relay supply voltage. This
current will continue until the stored coil energy is depleted. The relay contacts will disengage and the
short on the J3-Contact pin will be removed and the pin voltage will increase back to the relay supply
voltage. The LED circuit will be open, thus extinguishing the LED.
The voltage on the output pins is always available on the J2-Output connector pins 1-7. Pin 8 is connected
to the COM pin on the TPL7407Land the relay supply voltage on TB1 pin 4. The J2-Output connector can
be used measure the output voltage. It can also be used to add additional loads to the TPL7407Loutput
pins. The series resistance between the J2-output connector and the TPL7407L is approximately 20 mΩ.
The onboard AGQ2003 relay coils can be removed from the TPL7407L by removing the seven 0Ω
resistors at locations R41 to R47.
The voltage on the input pins is always available on the J1-Input connector pins 1-7. Pin 8 is connected to
the GND pin on the TPL7407Land the ground voltage on TB1 pins 2 & 3. The J1-Input connector can be
used measure the input voltage. It can also be used to inject external signals onto the TPL7407Linput
pins.
Three user supplied components, per channel, can be added if needed. All three circuit board footprints
are SMD 0603 sized. The first location, R1 to R7, allows adding a resistor from each input to ground. The
second, R21 to R27, and third location, C21 to C27, are in series with each other and parallel with the
G5NB relay coils.
The terminal block, TB1, provides power for the input pushbuttons and relay coils. When directly
controlling the inputs using the J1-Input connector, the input source on TB1 pin1 may be disconnected.
The TPL7407L EVM board has seven identical channels. The single channel schematic is easier to read
then the complete schematic. The TPL7407Lsingle model functional diagram is enclosed by dotted lines.
The input pin has a 1MΩ resistor that keeps the driver off when no input is disconnected or put in to a high
impedance state. The NMOS transistor sinks to a shared ground connection when the input voltage is
applied. When the load is inductive and the NMOS turns off, the output voltage will increase beyond the
relay supply voltage and inductor current will continue to flow though the free wheeling diode to the COM
pin until the inductor is discharged.
Resistors R41 through R47 can be removed to isolate the output from the relay coils when external load
or automated test equipment is provided through the J2-Output connector.
The relay is an G5NB relay with a 2,880Ω, 24V, 8.3mA nominal coil. The pull-in voltage is less than 2.25V
(3V × 75%) and the drop out voltage is greater than 0.3V. The maximum coil voltage is 43.2V (24V ×
180%).
The relay contact when open will allow the J3-Contact pin to rise to the Relay supply voltage. The voltage
on J3-Contact connector can be measured by any high impedance (>100kΩ) measuring device. When the
contacts close the J2-Contact pin will be pulled down to ground potential.
4
TPL7407L7-Channel Relay and Inductive Load Sink Driver EVM
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The TPL7407Loutput pins 16 to 10 are connected to relays RL1 to RL7 and J2-Output port pins 1 -7 (pin 8
is relay coil power sense).
The TPL7407LCOM, pin 9, is connected to the relay supply on TB1. This pin connects to the cathodes of
free wheeling diodes for each output. It provides a discharge path when the inductive load is turned off.
The inputs can be fully controlled by external test equipment using the J1-Input Port. The outputs can be
measured by external test equipment using the J2-Output Port. If relay supply voltage, TPL7407L COM
pin, exceeds 40V or full external control is required, then the relay coils should be disconnected by
removing the zero ohm resistors labeled R41 to R47.
The TPL7407LEVM has open 0603 foot prints for input resistors to ground as R11 to R17, coil wave
shaping resistor and capacitors as R31 to R37 and C31 to C37. The TPL7407L does not require these
components.
Increasing output load using onboard relays: Shorting two or more of the J2 pins 1-7 (output port) will
parallel the TPL7407Loutputs and relay coils. By activate just one of the inputs for the shorted output
channels will cause a single output to drive multiple relay coil loads. Two coils typically uses 16.6mA and
three coils typically use 24.9mA.
4
TPL7407LEVM Performance Testing Using Lab Equipment
Datasheet electrical characterization parameters can be measured using the following test setups. Setups
for both standard EVM boards and modified EVM boards that have R41 to R47 removed to disconnect the
onboard relay loads. It is acceptable to keep some channels “standard” (R4x installed) and other channels
“modified” (R4x removed). The capacitors (470µF & 0.1µF) on the TPL7407L COM pin are connected
regardless of R41 to R47 presence. Therefore the charging, discharging, and leakages of the capacitors
must be considered. Each output pin has an internal diode to the COM pin. Testing for channel 1 will be
described; test other channels by using a different pin on the J1(input) and J2(output) connectors.
Channel Tested
J1(Input)-pin
J2(Output)-pin
CH 1
J1–1
J2–1
CH 2
J1–2
J2–2
CH 3
J1–3
J2–3
CH 4
J1–4
J2–4
CH 5
J1–5
J2–5
CH 6
J1–6
J2–6
CH 7
J1–7
J2–7
Relay supply is connected to TB1 pin 4; the Relay supply sense line can also be connected to TB1-pin4.
Alternatively the sense line can be connected to J2 pin 8. The relay supply is the same node as the
TPL7407LCOM (pin 9).
Ground power and ground sense connection can be made to TB1 pins 2 and 3. An alternative ground
sense can be made at J1 pin 8.
Warning: All tests that supply current should be limited to the data sheet limit of 600mA. Input pin
voltage should be limited to 30V and output pin voltage should be limited to 40V.
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Input parameter VI(on) and VI(off) Channel 1 Test Setup and Typical Results
Board setup: Sweep input voltage on J1-1; Set Output J2-1 and Relay Supply to 24V, measure output
current on J2-1 [current clamp on measurement range of 10mA is recommended].
Note: any difference between voltage on J2-1 and Relay Supply(TB1-4) will affect low current accuracy
with Standard board.
24V
I
TB1-4
J1-1
IN
COM
1/7
TPL7407L
OUT
Current
Limit 10 mA
Measure
Current
J2-1
GND
Sweep
Voltage
0 to 1.5V
TB1-2
Figure 3. VI(on) and VI(off) Schematic
6
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Input Parameter II(on) Channel 1 Test Setup and Typical Results
Input current is a function of input voltage alone. The output load impedance and termination voltage have
no impact on the results.
Board setup: Sweep input voltage on J1-1. Measure input current on J1-1. Optionally, Relay supply can be
connected to 24V.
24 V
TB1-4
Measure
Current
I
J1-1
IN
COM
1/7
TPL7407L
OUT
J2-1
GND
Sweep
Voltage
0 to 5.5V
TB1-2
Figure 4. II(on) Schematic
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Input Parameter II(off) Channel 1 Test Setup and Typical Results
Input current with zero input voltage will be very low. A pico-amp meter is recommended. This is a signal
point test.
Standard board setup: Set input voltage on J1-1 to 0V. Measure input current on J1-1. Optionally, output
J2-1 and Relay Supply can be set to 24V.
Modified board setup: Sweep CH1 voltage on J1-1; Set Output J2-1 and Relay Supply to 24V, measure
current on J1-1. The return lead of the pico-amp meter must be at board ground potential.
24 V
TB1-4
Measure
Current
I
J1-1
COM
1/7
IN
TPL7407L
OUT J2-1
GND
TB1-3
TB1-2
Figure 5. II(off) Schematic
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Output Parameter VOL Channel 1 Test Setup and Typical Results
This parameter was called collector emitter saturation voltage on the original TPL7407L device.
The data sheet has specifications for input voltages of 1.8V - 5V.
Board setup: Sweep output current on J2-1. Set desired input voltage on J1-1 [1.8V - 5V, and other
voltages]. Disconnect the relay supply on TB1-4. Measure output voltage on J2-1 (kelvin connections at
J2-1 and ground are highly recommended for accurate results).
OPEN
TB1-4
Sweep
Current
COM
J1-1
IN
1/7
TPL7407L
OUT
J2-1
0 to 500 mA
Kelvin
Connection
GND
1.8V ± 5.0V
TB1-2
Measure
Voltage
V
TB-3
Figure 6. VOL Schematic
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VOL at Various Temperatures
1.60
1.40
1.20
VOL (V)
1.00
25C
0.80
70C
105C
0.60
-40C
0.40
0.20
0.00
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
Output Drain Current IDS(mA)
Figure 7. VOL vs IOL
10
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Output Parameter IOUT(on) Channel 1 Test Setup and Typical Results
Board setup: Sweep input voltage on J1-1. Set output voltage on J2-1 to 0.4V. Disconnect the relay supply
on TB1-4. Measure output current on J2-1 (sense connections at J2-1 and ground are highly
recommended to keep 0.4V on the EVM regardless of line losses in wires and current meter).
OPEN
TB1-4
J1-1
IN
COM
1/7
TPL7407L
Measure
Current
OUT
J2-1
GND
Sweep
Voltage
0 V to 5.5 V
I
SENSE
0.4 V
TB1-2
SENSE
TB1-3
Figure 8. IOUT(on) Schematic
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Switching Parameter tPHL 3.3V 50Ω Channel 1 Test Setup and Typical Results
Board setup: The TPL7407Land TPL7407LEVM are primarily designed for slow responding loads like
relays, stepper motors, and DC lab equipment; however, the TPL7407Lrise/fall times and propagation
delays are short. Therefore line termination and short wires are important for signal quality. The waveform
below uses a 50 ohm cable “T” tapped within 3 cm of the J1-Input connector and terminated at the
oscilloscope set to 50 ohm input impedance. This input is used as the scope trigger. A locally grounded
10X scope probe is used to measure the input signal and the same probe was used to measure the output
on J2-1. A pull up resistor of 50Ω is connected between the output (J2-1) and Relay supply (J2-8). Set
scope trigger for rising edge. Pulse generator is 10% duty cycle 100kHz 3.3V logic level signal.
24V
Rising Edge
Slope
T rigger
50
TB1-4
J2-8
COM
TEE
J1-8
GND
J1-1
IN
COM
1/7
TPL7407L
50
OUT
J2-1
GND
10x Scope
3UREH³,QSXW´
TB1-2
3.3 V
0V
10x Scope
Probe
³2XWSXW´
Pulse Generator
100 kHz
10% Duty Cycle
Figure 9. TPHL Schematic
Switching Parameter tPLH 3.3V 50Ω Channel 1 Test Setup and Typical Results
Board setup: The TPL7407Land TPL7407LEVM are primarily designed for slow responding loads like
relays, stepper motors, and DC lab equipment; however, the TPL7407Lrise/fall times and propagation
delays are quite short. Therefore line termination and short wires are important for signal quality. The
waveform below uses a 50 ohm cable “T” tapped within 3 cm of the J1-Input connector and terminated at
the oscilloscope set to 50 ohm input impedance. This input is used as the scope trigger. A locally
grounded 10X scope probe is used to measure the input signal and the same probe was used to measure
the output on J2-1. A pull up resistor of 50Ω is connected between the output (J2-1) and Relay supply (J28). Set scope trigger for falling edge. Pulse generator is 10% duty cycle 100kHz 3.3V logic level signal.
12
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24V
Falling Edge
Slope
T rigger
50
TB1-4
J2-8
COM
TEE
J1-8
GND
J1-1
IN
COM
1/7
TPL7407L
50
OUT
J2-1
GND
10x Scope
3UREH³,QSXW´
TB1-2
3.3 V
0V
10x Scope
Probe
³2XWSXW´
Pulse Generator
100 kHz
10% Duty Cycle
Figure 10. TPLH Schematic
Switching Parameter RIN Channel 1 Test Setup and Typical Results.
The data to calculate RIN, the DC input resistance, was recorded during the II(on) test. The input
resistance is simply input voltage divided by input current.
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Free-wheeling Diode Parameter VF channel 1 Test Setup and Typical Results
Board setup: Sweep output current on J2-1. Set Relay supply voltage to 0V. On standard boards the X
axis (output current) will need to be compensated for coil current flow. The real diode current is
approximately X-VF/2,880Ω. Measure output current on J2-1 (Kelvin connections at J2-1 and relay supply
are highly recommended for accurate results).
Measure
Voltage
V
TB1-4
OPEN
J1-1
IN
COM
1/7
TPL7407L
OUT
J2-1
GND
TB1-2
Sweep
Current
0 to 600 mA
Figure 11. VF Schematic
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Fly-back Diode Forward Voltage
0.800
0.700
0.600
IF (A)
0.500
0.400
0.300
0.200
0.100
0.000
0.000
0.200
0.400
0.600
0.800
1.000
1.200
1.400
1.600
VF (V)
Figure 12. VF = Diode(V) vs Diode(I)
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NOTE: On silkscreen, label:
pin 1 -"Input Supply",
pin 2 and 3 -"Ground"
pin 4 - "Relay Supply"
8 HEADER
IN1
IN2
IN3
IN4
IN5
IN6
IN7
IN8
R4
TPL7407L7-Channel Relay and Inductive Load Sink Driver EVM
Copyright © 2013, Texas Instruments Incorporated
TB1
1
2
3
4
V_IN
DNI
DNI
DNI
R3
R
TERM BLOCK
R
R2
R
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
R5
R
J1
R6
R
R1
R
R7
R
16
R8
R
V_IN
3
2
C3
0.1UF
C2
0.1UF
3
2
V_IN
4
1
SPST
IN5
4
1
SPST
IN1
+
C1
470UF
2
1
SPST
IN6
2
1
3
4
SPST
IN2
2
1
V_RELAY
3
4
SPST
IN7
2
1
3
4
SPST
IN3
3
4
MTG4
MTG3
3
MTG2
DNI
4
3
4
MTG1
2
1
SPST
IN8
2
1
SPST
IN4
0
R10
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
P18
P17
P16
P15
P14
P13
P12
P11
P10
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
ULN2003LVDR
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
P9
U1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
8 HEADER
J3
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
OUT4
OUT5
OUT6
OUT7
OUT8
V_RELAY
R11
0
OUT1
OUT2
OUT3
OUT4
OUT5
OUT6
OUT7
OUT8
J2
CONTACT1
CONTACT2
CONTACT3
CONTACT4
CONTACT5
CONTACT6
CONTACT7
CONTACT8
8 HEADER
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
OUT8
OUT7
OUT6
OUT5
OUT4
OUT3
OUT2
OUT1
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Figure 13. Full Schematic
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DNI
DNI
DNI
DNI
DNI
Evaluation Board/Kit Important Notice
Texas Instruments (TI) provides the enclosed product(s) under the following conditions:
This evaluation board/kit is intended for use for ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT, DEMONSTRATION, OR EVALUATION PURPOSES
ONLY and is not considered by TI to be a finished end-product fit for general consumer use. Persons handling the product(s) must have
electronics training and observe good engineering practice standards. As such, the goods being provided are not intended to be complete
in terms of required design-, marketing-, and/or manufacturing-related protective considerations, including product safety and environmental
measures typically found in end products that incorporate such semiconductor components or circuit boards. This evaluation board/kit does
not fall within the scope of the European Union directives regarding electromagnetic compatibility, restricted substances (RoHS), recycling
(WEEE), FCC, CE or UL, and therefore may not meet the technical requirements of these directives or other related directives.
Should this evaluation board/kit not meet the specifications indicated in the User’s Guide, the board/kit may be returned within 30 days from
the date of delivery for a full refund. THE FOREGOING WARRANTY IS THE EXCLUSIVE WARRANTY MADE BY SELLER TO BUYER
AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED, IMPLIED, OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
The user assumes all responsibility and liability for proper and safe handling of the goods. Further, the user indemnifies TI from all claims
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It is important to operate this EVM within the input voltage range of and the output voltage range of .
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