LT1123CZ#PBF

LT1123 Low Dropout Regulator Driver U FEATURES ■ DESCRIPTIO The LT®1123 is a 3-pin bipolar device designed to be used in conjunction with a discrete PNP power transistor to form an inexpensive low dropout regulator. The LT1123 consists of a trimmed bandgap reference, error amplifier, and a driver circuit capable of sinking up to 125mA from the base of the external PNP pass transistor. The LT1123 is designed to provide a fixed output voltage of 5V. Extremely Low Dropout Low Cost Fixed 5V Output, Trimmed to ±1% 700µA Quiescent Current 1mV Line Regulation 5mV Load Regulation Thermal Limit 4A Output Current Guaranteed Available in a 3-Pin TO-92 Package ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ The drive pin of the device can pull down to 2V at 125mA (1.4V at 10mA). This allows a resistor to be used to reduce the base drive available to the PNP and minimize the power dissipation in the LT1123. The drive current of the LT1123 is folded back as the feedback pin approaches ground to further limit the available drive current under short-circuit conditions. Total quiescent current for the LT1123 is only 700µA. The device is available in a low cost TO-92 package. , LTC and LT are registered trademarks of Linear Technology Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. U TYPICAL APPLICATIO 5V Low Dropout Regulator Dropout Voltage 0.5 + MOTOROLA MJE1123 10µF* 20Ω DRIVE *REQUIRED IF DEVICE IS MORE THAN 6" FROM MAIN FILTER CAPACITOR † REQUIRED FOR STABILITY (LARGER VALUES INCREASE STABILITY) OUTPUT = 5V/4A LT1123 FB + GND 10µF† 0.4 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (V) SEALED LEAD ACID 5.4 TO 7.2V 620Ω 0.3 0.2 0.1 LT1123 TA01 0 0 1 3 4 2 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 5 LT1123 TA02 1123fb 1 LT1123 W W W AXI U U ABSOLUTE RATI GS (Note 1) Drive Pin Voltage (VDRIVE to Ground) ..................... 30V Feedback Pin Voltage (VFB to Ground) .................... 30V Operating Junction Temperature Range ... 0°C to 125°C Storage Temperature Range ................. –65°C to 150°C Lead Temperature (Soldering, 10 sec)................. 300°C U U W PACKAGE/ORDER I FOR ATIO FRONT VIEW TAB IS GND 3 FB 2 GND 1 DRIVE ST PACKAGE 3-LEAD PLASTIC SOT-223 ORDER PART NUMBER ORDER PART NUMBER BOTTOM VIEW DRIVE LT1123CST FB GND LT1123CZ ST PART MARKING Z PACKAGE 3-LEAD TO-92 PLASTIC 1123 TJMAX = 125°C, θJA = 220°C/W θJA AT TAB ≈ 20°C/W Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges. ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS The ● denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. PARAMETER Feedback Voltage CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS IDRIVE = 10mA, TJ = 25°C 4.90 5.00 5.10 V 4.80 5.00 5.20 V 125 25 5mA ≤ IDRIVE ≤ 100mA 3V ≤ VDRIVE ≤ 20V ● Feedback Pin Bias Current VFB = 5.00V, 2V ≤ VDRIVE ≤ 15V ● 300 500 µA Drive Current VFB = 5.20V, 2V ≤ VDRIVE ≤ 15V VFB = 4.80V, VDRIVE = 3V VFB = 0.5V, VDRIVE = 3V, 0°C ≤ TJ ≤ 100°C ● ● 0.45 170 100 1.0 mA Drive Pin Saturation Voltage IDRIVE = 10mA, VFB = 4.5V IDRIVE = 125mA, VFB = 4.5V Line Regulation 5V < VDRIVE < 20V ● Load Regulation ∆IDRIVE = 10 to 100mA ● Temperature Coefficient of VOUT 150 1.4 2.0 V 1.0 ±20 –5 –50 0.2 mV mV mV/°C Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings are those values beyond which the life of the device may be impaired. 1123fb 2 LT1123 U W TYPICAL PERFOR A CE CHARACTERISTICS Feedback Pin Bias Current vs Temperature 400 200 600 300 200 100 0 25 VDRIVE = 3V TJ = 125°C 500 400 300 200 150 TJ = 25°C 100 TJ = –50°C 50 100 0 0 125 50 75 100 TEMPERATURE (°C) VDRIVE = 3V DRIVE CURRENT (mA) MINIMUM DRIVE PIN CURRENT (µA) VFB = 5V FEEDBACK PIN BIAS CURRENT (µA) Drive Current vs Feedback Pin Voltage Minimum Drive Pin Current vs Temperature 0 25 50 75 100 TEMPERATURE (°C) LT1123 G01 0 125 1 5 2 3 4 FEEDBACK PIN VOLTAGE (V) LT1123 G03 LT1123 G02 Feedback Pin Bias Current vs Feedback Pin Voltage Drive Pin Saturation Voltage vs Drive Current Output Voltage vs Temperature 2.5 500 6 5.03 5.02 2.0 300 TJ = 125°C 200 TJ = 25°C TJ = 0°C OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 400 DRIVE PIN VOLTAGE (V) FEEDBACK PIN BIAS CURRENT (µA) VFB = 4.5V 1.5 TJ = 125°C TJ = 25°C 1.0 0.5 100 0 0 1 3 4 2 FEEDBACK PIN VOLTAGE (V) 5 5.00 4.99 4.98 TJ = 0°C 0 5.01 0 20 80 60 40 100 DRIVE CURRENT (mA) LT1123 G04 120 140 LT1123 G05 4.97 –50 –25 50 25 75 0 TEMPERATURE (°C) 100 125 LT1123 G06 U U U PI FU CTIO S Drive Pin: The drive pin serves two functions. It provides current to the LT1123 for its internal circuitry including start-up, bias, current limit, thermal limit and a portion of the base drive current for the output Darlington. The sum total of these currents (450µA typical) is equal to the minimum drive current. This current is listed in the specifications as Drive Current with VFB = 5.2V. This is the minimum current required by the drive pin of the LT1123. The second function of the drive pin is to sink the base drive current of the external PNP pass transistor. The available drive current is specified for two conditions. Drive current with VFB = 4.80V gives the range of current available under nominal operating conditions, when the device is regulating. Drive current with VFB = 0.5V gives the range of drive current available with the feedback pin pulled low as it would be during start-up or during a shortcircuit fault. The drive current available when the feedback pin is pulled low is less than the drive current available when the device is regulating (VFB = 5V). This can be seen in the curve of Drive Current vs VFB Voltage in the Typical Performance Characteristics curves. This can provide some foldback in the current limit of the regulator circuit. 1123fb 3 LT1123 U U U PI FU CTIO S All internal circuitry connected to the drive pin is designed to operate at the saturation voltage of the Darlington output driver (1.4 to 2V). This allows a resistor to be inserted between the base of the external PNP device and the drive pin. This resistor is used to limit the base drive to the external PNP below the value set internally by the LT1123, and also to help limit power dissipation in the LT1123. The operating voltage range of this pin is from 0V to 30V. Pulling this pin below ground by more than one VBE will forward bias the substrate diode of the device. This condition can only occur if the power supply leads are reversed and will not damage the device if the current is limited to less than 200mA. Feedback Pin (VFB): The feedback pin also serves two functions. It provides a path for the bias current of the reference and error amplifier and contributes a portion of the drive current for the Darlington output driver. The sum total of these currents is the Feedback Pin Bias Current (300µA typical). The second function of this pin is to provide the voltage feedback to the error amplifier. W W SI PLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRA DRIVE – CURRENT LIMIT THERMAL LIMIT FB + 5V LT1123 SBD01 GROUND U U U FU CTIO AL DESCRIPTIO The LT1123 is a 3-pin device designed to be used in conjunction with a discrete PNP transistor to form an inexpensive ultralow dropout regulator. The device incorporates a trimmed 5V bandgap reference, error amplifier, a current-limited Darlington driver and an internal thermal limit circuit. The internal circuitry connected to the drive pin is designed to function at the saturation voltage of the Darlington driver. This allows a resistor to be inserted in series with the drive pin. This resistor is used to limit the base drive to the PNP and also to limit the power dissipation in the LT1123. The value of this resistor will be defined by the operating requirements of the regulator circuit. The LT1123 is designed to sink a minimum of 125mA of base current. This is sufficient base drive to form a regulator circuit which can supply output currents up to 4A at a dropout voltage of less than 0.75V. 1123fb 4 LT1123 U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO The LT1123 is designed to be used in conjunction with an external PNP transistor. The overall specifications of a regulator circuit using the LT1123 and an external PNP will be heavily dependent on the specifications of the external PNP. While there are a wide variety of PNP transistors available that can be used with the LT1123, the specifications given in typical transistor data sheets are of little use in determining overall circuit performance. Linear Technology has solved this problem by cooperating with Motorola to design and specify the MJE1123. This transistor is specifically designed to work with the LT1123 as the pass element in a low dropout regulator. The specifications of the MJE1123 reflect the capability of the LT1123. For example, the dropout voltage of the MJE1123 is specified up to 4A collector current with base drive currents that the LT1123 is capable of generating (20mA to 120mA). Output currents up to 4A with dropout voltages less than 0.75V can be guaranteed. The following sections describe how specifications can be determined for the basic regulator. The charts and graphs are based on the combined characteristics of the LT1123 and the MJE1123. Formulas are included that will enable the user to substitute other transistors that have been characterized. A chart is supplied that lists suggested resistor values for the most popular range of input voltages and output current. Basic Regulator Circuit The basic regulator circuit is shown in Figure 1. The LT1123 senses the voltage at its feedback pin and drives the base of the PNP (MJE1123) in order to maintain the output at 5V. The drive pin of the LT1123 can only sink current; RB is required to provide pull up on the base of the PNP. RB must be sized so that the voltage drop caused by the minimum drive pin current is less than the emitter/ base voltage of the external PNP at light loads. The recommended value for RB is 620Ω. For circuits that are required to run at junction temperatures in excess of 100°C the recommended value of RB is 300Ω. VIN RB 620Ω MJE1123 RD DRIVE VOUT = 5V FB LT1123 + GND 10µF ALUM LT1123 F01 Figure 1. Basic Regulator Circuit RD is used to limit the drive current available to the PNP and to limit the power dissipation in the LT1123. Limiting the drive current to the PNP will limit the output current of the regulator which will minimize the stress on the regulator circuit under overload conditions. RD is chosen based on the operating requirements of the circuit, primarily dropout voltage and output current. Dropout Voltage The dropout voltage of an LT1123-based regulator circuit is determined by the VCE saturation voltage of the discrete PNP when it is driven with a base current equal to the available drive current of the LT1123. The LT1123 can sink up to 150mA of base current (150mA typ, 125mA min) when output voltage is up near the regulating point (5V). The available drive current of the LT1123 can be reduced by adding a resistor (RD) in series with the drive pin (see the section below on current limit). The MJE1123 is specified for dropout voltage (VCE sat.) at several values of output current and up to 120mA of base drive current. The chart below lists the operating points that can be guaranteed by the combined data sheets of the LT1123 and MJE1123. Figure 2 illustrates the chart in graphic form. Although these numbers are only guaranteed by the data sheet at 25°C, Dropout Voltage vs Temperature (Figure 3) clearly shows that the dropout voltage is nearly constant over a wide temperature range. 1123fb 5 LT1123 U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO Dropout Voltage DROPOUT VOLTAGE TYP MAX DRIVE CURRENT OUTPUT CURRENT 20mA 1A 0.16V 0.3V 50mA 1A 2A 0.13V 0.25V 0.25V 0.4V 120mA 1A 4A 0.2V 0.45V 0.35V 0.75V 1.0 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (V) BASED ON MJE1123 SPECS Figure 4 can be used to select the value of RD based on the required drive current and the minimum input voltage. Curves are shown for 20mA, 50mA and 120mA drive current corresponding to the specified base drive currents for the MJE1123. The data for the curves was generated using the following formula: 0.75 IDRIVE = 120mA 0.50 IDRIVE = 20mA 0.25 IDRIVE = 50mA 0 0 1 RD = (VIN – VBE – VDRIVE)/(IDRIVE + 1mA) 2 3 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 4 LT1123 F02 Figure 2. Maximum Dropout Voltage 0.75 0.65 DROPOUT VOLTAGE (V) transistor this can be done using the graph of Dropout Voltage vs Output Current (Figure 2). For example, 20mA of drive current will guarantee a dropout voltage of 0.3V at 1A of output current. For circuits using transistors other than the MJE1123 the user must characterize the transistor to determine the drive current requirements. In general it is recommended that the user choose the lowest value of drive current that will satisfy the output current requirements. This will minimize the stress on circuit components during overload conditions. 0.55 IC = 4A, IB = 0.12A where: VIN = the minimum input voltage to the circuit VBE = the maximum emitter/base voltage of the PNP pass transistor VDRIVE = the maximum drive pin voltage of the LT1123 IDRIVE = the minimum drive current required. The current through RB is assumed to be 1mA 0.45 0.35 1k IC = 2A, IB = 0.05A 0.25 IC = 1A, IB = 0.02A 0.15 IDRIVE = 20mA 0.05 60 80 40 100 CASE TEMPERATURE (°C) 120 RD 20 IDRIVE = 50mA 100 LT1123 F03 IDRIVE = 120mA Figure 3. Dropout Voltage vs Temperature Selecting RD In order to select RD the user should first choose the value of drive current that will give the required value of output current. For circuits using the MJE1123 as a pass 10 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 VIN LT1123 F04 Figure 4. RD Resistor Value 1123fb 6 LT1123 U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO For 50mA drive current assume: VBE = 1.2V at IC = 2A VDRIVE = 1.9V For 120mA drive current assume: VBE = 1.4V at IC = 4A VDRIVE = 2.1V The RD Selection Chart lists the recommended values for RD for the most useful range of input voltage and output current. The chart includes a number for power dissipation for the LT1123 and RD. RD Selection Chart INPUT VOLTAGE OUTPUT CURRENT: DROPOUT VOLTAGE: 5.5V 0A to 1A 0.3V 0A to 2A 0.4V 0A to 4A 0.75V RD Power (LT1123) Power (RD) 120Ω 0.05W 0.12W 43Ω 0.14W 0.32W –– –– –– 6.0V RD Power (LT1123) Power (RD) 150Ω 0.05W 0.13W 51Ω 0.15W 0.35W 20Ω 0.37W 0.76W 7.0V RD Power (LT1123) Power (RD) 180Ω 0.06W 0.16W 75Ω 0.14W 0.36W 27Ω 0.38W 0.89W RD Power (LT1123) Power (RD) 240Ω 0.06W 0.17W 91Ω 0.15W 0.42W 36Ω 0.38W 0.97W RD Power (LT1123) Power (RD) 270Ω 0.20W 0.07W 110Ω 0.16W 0.47W 43Ω 0.41W 1.11W RD Power (LT1123) Power (RD) 330Ω 0.22W 0.07W 130Ω 0.17W 0.52W 51Ω 0.43W 1.25W 8.0V 9.0V 10.0V For regulator circuits using the LT1123, current limiting is achieved by limiting the base drive to the external PNP pass transistor. This means that the actual system current limit will be a function of both the current limit of the LT1123 and the Beta of the external PNP. Beta-based current limit schemes are normally not practical because of uncertainties in the Beta of the pass transistor. Here the drive characteristics of the LT1123 combined with the Beta characteristics of the MJE1123 can provide reliable Beta-based current limiting. This is shown in Figure 5 where the current limit of 30 randomly selected transistors is plotted. The spread of current limit is reasonably well controlled. NUMBER OF UNITS For 20mA drive current assume: VBE = 0.95V at IC = 1A VDRIVE = 1.75V Current Limit 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 4.00 4.25 4.50 4.75 5.00 5.25 5.50 5.75 6.00 OUTPUT CURRENT (A) LT1123 F05 Figure 5. Short-Circuit Current for 30 Random Devices 9 8 7 6 IC (A) The following assumptions were made in calculating the data for the curves. Resistors are 5% tolerance and the values shown on the curve are nominal. 5 4 3 2 Note that in some conditions RD may be replaced with a short. This is possible in circuits where an overload is unlikely and the input voltage and drive requirements are low. See the section on Thermal Considerations for more information. 1 0 0 0.05 0.15 0.10 IB (A) LT1123 F06 Figure 6. MJE1123 IC vs IB 1123fb 7 LT1123 U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO The curve in Figure 6 can be used to determine the range of current limit of an LT1123 regulator circuit using an MJE1123 as a pass transistor. The curve was generated using the Beta versus IC curve of the MJE1123. The minimum and maximum value curves are extrapolated from the minimum and maximum Beta specifications. PD = (VIN – VBE)(IDRIVE) Thermal Conditions The thermal characteristics of three components need to be considered; the LT1123, the pass transistor and RD. Power dissipation should be calculated based on the worst-case conditions seen by each component during normal operation. The worst-case power dissipation in the LT1123 is a function of drive current, supply voltage and the value of RD. Worst-case dissipation for the LT1123 occurs when the drive current is equal to approximately one half of its maximum value. Figure 7 plots the worst-case power dissipation in the LT1123 versus RD and VIN. The graph was generated using the following formula: PD 2 VIN – VBE ) ( = ;R > 10Ω D 4RD where: VBE = the emitter/base voltage of the PNP pass transistor (assumed to be 0.6V) 1k 0.1W RD (Ω) 0.2W 100 0.3W 0.4W 0.5W 0.7W 10 5 6 7 For some operating conditions RD may be replaced with a short. This is possible in applications where the operating requirements (input voltage and drive current) are at the low end and the output will not be shorted. For RD = 0 the following formula may be used to calculate the maximum power dissipation in the LT1123. 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 VIN (V) LT1123 F07 Figure 7. Power in LT1123 where: VIN = maximum input voltage VBE = emitter/base voltage of PNP IDRIVE = required maximum drive current The maximum junction temperature rise above ambient for the LT1123 will be equal to the worst-case power dissipation multiplied by the thermal resistance of the device. The thermal resistance of the device will depend upon how the device is mounted, and whether a heat sink is used. Measurements show that one of the most effective ways of heat sinking the TO-92 package is by utilizing the PC board traces attached to the leads of the package. The table below lists several methods of mounting and the measured value of thermal resistance for each method. All measurements were done in still air. THERMAL RESISTANCE Package alone ............................................................................. 220°C/W Package soldered into PC board with plated through holes only ................................................................................ 175°C/W Package soldered into PC board with 1/4 sq. in. of copper trace per lead .................................................................................... 145°C/W Package soldered into PC board with plated through holes in board, no extra copper trace, and a clip-on type heat sink: Thermalloy type 2224B .................................................... 160°C/W Aavid type 5754 ................................................................ 135°C/W The maximum operating junction temperature of the LT1123 is 125°C. The maximum operating ambient temperature will be equal to 125°C minus the maximum junction temperature rise above ambient. The worst-case power dissipation in RD needs to be calculated so that the power rating of the resistor can be determined. The worst-case power in the resistor will occur when the drive current is at a maximum. Figure 8 plots the required power rating of RD versus supply 1123fb 8 LT1123 U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO voltage and resistor value. Power dissipation can be calculated using the following formula: PRD 2 VIN – VBE – VDRIVE ) ( = R where: VBE = emitter/base voltage of the PNP pass transistor VDRIVE = voltage at the drive pin of the LT1123 = VSAT of the drive pin in the worst case The worst-case power dissipation in the PNP pass transistor is simply equal to: PMAX = (VIN – VOUT)(IOUT) where The maximum junction temperature rise above ambient for the PNP pass transistor will be equal to the maximum power dissipation times the thermal resistance, junction to ambient, of the PNP. The maximum operating junction temperature of the MJE1123 is 150°C. The maximum operating ambient temperature for the MJE1123 will be equal to 150°C minus the maximum junction temperature rise. The SOT-223 package is designed to be surface mounted. Heat sinking is accomplished by using the heat spreading capabilities of the PC board and its copper traces. The thermal resistance from junction to ambient can be as low as 50°C/W. This requires a reasonably sized PC board with at least one layer of copper to spread the heat across the board and couple it into the surrounding air. The table below can be used as a guideline in estimating thermal resistance. Data for the table was generated using 1/16" FR-4 board with 1oz copper foil. VIN = Maximum VIN IOUT = Maximum IOUT The thermal resistance of the MJE1123 is equal to: 70°C/W Junction to Ambient (no heat sink) 1.67°C/W Junction to Case The PNP will normally be attached to either a chassis or a heat sink so the actual thermal resistance from junction to ambient will be the sum of the PNP’s junction to case thermal resistance and the thermal resistance of the heat sink or chassis. For nonstandard heat sinks the user will need to determine the thermal resistance by experiment. Table 1. Copper Area Topside* Backside Board Area Thermal Resistance (Junction to Ambient) 2500 sq. mm 2500 sq. mm 2500 sq. mm 50°C/W 1000 sq. mm 2500 sq. mm 2500 sq. mm 50°C/W 225 sq. mm 2500 sq. mm 2500 sq. mm 58°C/W 100 sq. mm 2500 sq. mm 2500 sq. mm 64°C/W 1000 sq. mm 1000 sq. mm 1000 sq. mm 57°C/W 1000 sq. mm 0 1000 sq. mm 60°C/W * Tab of device attached to topside copper For the LT1123 the tab is ground so that plated through holes can be used to couple the tab both electrically and thermally to the ground plane layer of the board. This will help to lower the thermal resistance. 1k 0.25W 0.5W RD (Ω) 1W 100 10 5 2W 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 VIN (V) LT1123 F08 Figure 8. Power in RD Thermal Limiting The thermal limit of the LT1123 can be used to protect both the LT1123 and the PNP pass transistor. This is accomplished by thermally coupling the LT1123 to the power transistor. There are clip type heat sinks available for the TO-92 package that will allow the LT1123 to be mounted to the same heat sink as the PNP pass transistor. One example is manufactured by IERC (part #RUR67B1CB). The LT1123 should be mounted as close as possible to the 1123fb 9 LT1123 U W U U APPLICATIO S I FOR ATIO PNP. If the output of the regulator circuit can be shorted, heat sinking must be adequate to limit the rate of temperature rise of the power device to approximately 50°C/ minute. This can be accomplished with a fairly small heat sink, on the order of 3 to 4 square inches of surface area. Design Example Given the following operating requirements: 5.5V < VIN < 7V IOUTMAX = 1.5A Max ambient temperature = 70°C VOUT = 5V 1. The first step is to determine the required drive current. This can be found from the Maximum Dropout Voltage curve. 50mA of drive current will guarantee 0.4V dropout at an output current of 2A. This satisfies our requirements. IDRIVE = 50mA 2. The next step is to determine the value of RD. Based on 50mA of drive current and a minimum input voltage of 5.5V, we can select RD from the graph of Figure 4. From the graph the value of RD is equal to 50Ω, so we should use the next lowest 5% value which is 47Ω. RD = 47Ω 3. We can now look at the thermal requirements of the circuit. Worst-case power in the LT1123 will be equal to: (VIN(MAX) – VBE )2 4RD Given: VIN(MAX) = 7V, VBE = 0.6V, RD = 47Ω Then: PMAX (LT1123) = 0.22W. Assuming a thermal resistance of 150°C/W, the maximum junction temperature rise above ambient will be equal to (PMAX)(150°C/W) = 33°C. The maximum operating junction temperature will be equal to the maximum ambient temperature plus the junction temperature rise above ambient. In this case we have (maximum ambient = 70°C) plus (junction temperature rise = 33°C) is equal to 103°C. This is well below the maximum operating junction temperature of 125°C for the LT1123. The power rating for RD can be found from the plot of Figure 8 using VIN = 7V and RD = 47Ω. From the plot, RD should be sized to dissipate a minimum of 1/2W. The worst-case power dissipation, for normal operation, in the MJE1123 will be equal to: (VINMAX – VOUT)(IOUTMAX) = (7V – 5V)(1.5A) = 3W The maximum operating junction temperature of the MJE1123 is 150°C. The difference between the maximum operating junction temperature of 150°C and the maximum ambient temperature of 70°C is 80°C. The device must be mounted to a heat sink which is sized such that the thermal resistance from the junction of the MJE1123 to ambient is less than 80°C/3W = 26.7°C/W. It is recommended that the LT1123 be thermally coupled to the MJE1123 so that the thermal limit circuit of the LT1123 can protect both devices. In this case the ambient temperature for the LT1123 will be equal to the temperature of the heat sink. The heat sink temperature, under normal operating conditions, will have to be limited such that the maximum operating junction temperature of the LT1123 is not exceeded. Refer to Linear Technology’s list of Suggested Manufacturers of Specialized Components for information on where to find the required heat sinks, resistors and capacitors. This listing is available through Linear Technology’s marketing department. 1123fb 10 LT1123 U TYPICAL APPLICATIO S Isolated Feedback for Switching Regulators 5V/2A Regulator with Remote Sensing VIN 600Ω MJE1123 75Ω 7V SWITCHING REGULATOR DRIVE 100Ω REMOTE LOAD LT1123 FB + 100µF OR LARGER GND 1k 100Ω LT1123 TA08 DRIVE 5V OUTPUT LT1123 FB GND LT1123 TA03 5V Regulator with Antisat Miminizes Ground Pin Current in Dropout MJE1123 1N4148 620Ω VIN 1N4148 2N2907 1k DRIVE 5V OUTPUT LT1123 FB GND + 10µF ALUM LT1123 TA04 1123fb 11 LT1123 U TYPICAL APPLICATIO S 5V/1A Regulator with Shutdown + 6V GEL CELL 620Ω 50k 10µF ALUM MJE1123 HI = ON LO = OFF 1/6 MPSA12 MM74C906 (OPEN COLLECTOR OUTPUT) DRIVE 5V/1A OUTPUT LT1123 FB + GND 10µF ALUM LT1123 TA09 Undervoltage Indicator On for VIN < (VZ +5V) 1k 2.4k VZ VIN DRIVE LT1123 FB 470k GND LT1123 TA12 5V Shunt Regulator or Voltage Clamp 1k IRL510 DRIVE LT1123 FB + GND 10µF ALUM LT1123 TA11 1123fb 12 LT1123 U TYPICAL APPLICATIO S Battery Backup Regulator INTERNAL BATTERY 6V GEL CELL + EXTERNAL POWER 10µF ALUM + 10µF ALUM 620Ω 620Ω MJE1123 1N4148 MJE1123 1N4148 20Ω DRIVE 5V OUTPUT LT1123 FB + GND 10µF ALUM LT1123 TA07 Adjusting VOUT 620Ω VIN > VOUT MJE1123 RD DRIVE VOUT* + IFB RX LT1123 FB GND 10µF ALUM LT1123 TA14 *VOUT = (5V + (IFB • RX)) IFB ≈ 300µA Adjusting VOUT 620Ω VIN > VOUT MJE1123 RD DRIVE VOUT* VZ + LT1123 FB GND 10µF ALUM LT1123 TA13 *VOUT = (5V + VZ) 1123fb 13 LT1123 U PACKAGE DESCRIPTIO ST Package 3-Lead Plastic SOT-223 (Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1630) .248 – .264 (6.30 – 6.71) .129 MAX .114 – .124 (2.90 – 3.15) .059 MAX .264 – .287 (6.70 – 7.30) .248 BSC .130 – .146 (3.30 – 3.71) .039 MAX .059 MAX .181 MAX .033 – .041 (0.84 – 1.04) .0905 (2.30) BSC .090 BSC RECOMMENDED SOLDER PAD LAYOUT 10° – 16° .010 – .014 (0.25 – 0.36) 10° MAX .071 (1.80) MAX 10° – 16° .024 – .033 (0.60 – 0.84) .181 (4.60) BSC .012 (0.31) MIN .0008 – .0040 (0.0203 – 0.1016) ST3 (SOT-233) 0502 1123fb 14 LT1123 U PACKAGE DESCRIPTIO Z Package 3-Lead Plastic TO-92 (Similar to TO-226) (Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1410) .180 ± .005 (4.572 ± 0.127) .060 ± .005 (1.524± 0.127) DIA .90 (2.286) NOM .180 ± .005 (4.572 ± 0.127) .500 (12.70) MIN .050 UNCONTROLLED (1.270) LEAD DIMENSION MAX .016 ± .003 (0.406 ± 0.076) .050 (1.27) BSC 5° NOM .015 ± .002 (0.381 ± 0.051) Z3 (TO-92) 0801 .060 ± .010 (1.524 ± 0.254) 3 2 1 .098 +.016/–.04 (2.5 +0.4/–0.1) 2 PLCS TO-92 TAPE AND REEL REFER TO TAPE AND REEL SECTION OF LTC DATA BOOK FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION .140 ± .010 (3.556 ± 0.127) 10° NOM 1123fb Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection of circuits as described herein will not infringe on existing patent rights. 15 LT1123 U TYPICAL APPLICATIO S 5V/1A Regulator with Shutdown 6V GEL CELL HI = ON LO = OFF 5V Regulator Powered by Multiple Battery Packs* 5-CELL NiCd BATTERY PACK (6V) 620Ω 1M + Si9400DY* 1/6 MM74C906 (OPEN COLLECTOR OUTPUT) 10µF 10V R1 1.5k + R3 1.5k 10µF 10V + R5 1.5k 10µF 10V 68Ω MJE1123 R2 820Ω DRIVE R4 820Ω MJE1123 R6 820Ω 5V/1A OUTPUT LT1123 FB GND MJE1123 + 10µF ALUM *P-CHANNEL, LOGIC LEVEL DRIVE LT1123 FB LT1123 TA10 GND + LT1123 TA06 10µF 10V 5V/1A OUTPUT *PACKS WILL SHARE CURRENT RELATED PARTS PART NUMBER DESCRIPTION COMMENTS LT1083/4/5 7.5A, 5A, 3A Low Dropout Positive Regulators 1.5V Dropout Voltage, 0.1% Load Regulator, 1.25VREF LT1117 800mA Low Dropout Regulator SOT-223 Package, 0.4% Load Regulator LT1121 150mA, Low Dropout LDO 0.4V Dropout Voltage, IQ = 30µA LT1761 100mA, Low Noise LDO 300mV Dropout Voltage, IQ = 20µA LT1763 1.5A, Low Noise, Fast Transient Response LDO Optimized for Hot Response 1123fb 16 Linear Technology Corporation LT/LWI/LT 0505 REV B • PRINTED IN USA 1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417 (408) 432-1900 ● FAX: (408) 434-0507 ● www.linear.com © LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 1992