LTC2312-14
14-Bit, 500ksps Serial
Sampling ADC in TSOT
FEATURES
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DESCRIPTION
500ksps Throughput Rate
No Cycle Latency
Guaranteed 14-Bit No Missing Codes
Single 3V or 5V Supply
Low Noise: 77.5dB SNR
Low Power: 9mW at 500ksps and 3V Supply
Low Drift (20ppm/°C Maximum) 2.048V or 4.096V
Internal Reference
Sleep Mode with < 1µA Typical Supply Current
Nap Mode with Quick Wake-Up < 1 Conversion
Separate 1.8V to 5V Digital I/O Supply
High Speed SPI-Compatible Serial I/O
Guaranteed Operation from –40°C to 125°C
8-Lead TSOT-23 Package
APPLICATIONS
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Communication Systems
High Speed Data Acquisition
Handheld Terminal Interface
Medical Imaging
Uninterrupted Power Supplies
Battery Operated Systems
Automotive
The LTC®2312-14 is a 14-bit, 500ksps, serial sampling
A/D converter that draws only 3.2mA from a single 3V
or 5V supply. The LTC2312-14 contains an integrated
low drift reference and reference buffer providing a low
cost, high performance (20ppm/°C maximum) and space
saving solution. The LTC2312-14 achieves outstanding
AC performance of 77dB SINAD and –85dB THD while
sampling at 500ksps. The extremely high sample rate-topower ratio makes the LTC2312-14 ideal for compact, low
power, high speed systems. The supply current decreases
at lower sampling rates as the device automatically enters
nap mode after conversions.
The LTC2312-14 has a high speed SPI-compatible serial
interface that supports 1.8V, 2.5V, 3V and 5V logic. The
fast 500ksps throughput with no-cycle latency makes
the LTC2312-14 ideally suited for a wide variety of high
speed applications.
Complete 14-/12-Bit Pin-Compatible SAR ADC Family
500ksps
2.5Msps
4.5Msps
14-Bit
LTC2312-14 LTC2313-14 LTC2314-14
12-Bit
LTC2312-12 LTC2313-12
5Msps
LTC2315-12
Power 3V/5V 9mW/15mW 14mW/25mW 18mW/31mW 19mW/32mW
L, LT, LTC, LTM, Linear Technology and the Linear logo are registered trademarks of Linear
Technology Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
TYPICAL APPLICATION
16k Point FFT, fS = 500ksps, fIN = 259kHz
5V Supply, Internal Reference, 500ksps, 14-Bit Sampling ADC
2.2µF
LTC2312-14
VDD
–40
CONV
2.2µF
ANALOG INPUT
0V TO 4.096V
VDD = 5V
SNR = 77.5dBFS
SINAD = 77dBFS
THD = –85dB
SFDR = 88dB
–20
REF
SCK
GND
SDO
AIN
SERIAL DATA LINK TO
ASIC, PLD, MPU, DSP
OR SHIFT REGISTERS
OVDD
2.2µF
DIGITAL OUTPUT SUPPLY
1.8V TO 5V
231214 TA01
AMPLITUDE (dBFS)
5V
0
–60
–80
–100
–120
–140
–160
0
50
100
200
150
INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz)
250
231214 TA01b
231214fa
For more information www.linear.com/LTC2312-14
1
LTC2312-14
ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
PIN CONFIGURATION
(Notes 1, 2)
Supply Voltage (VDD, OVDD)........................................6V
Reference (REF) and Analog Input (AIN) Voltage
(Note 3).......................................(–0.3V) to (VDD + 0.3V)
Digital Input Voltage (Note 3).... (–0.3V) to (OVDD + 0.3V)
Digital Output Voltage.............. (–0.3V) to (OVDD + 0.3V)
Power Dissipation................................................100mW
Operating Temperature Range
LTC2312C................................................. 0°C to 70°C
LTC2312I...............................................–40°C to 85°C
LTC2312H........................................... –40°C to 125°C
Storage Temperature Range................... –65°C to 150°C
Lead Temperature Range (Soldering, 10 sec)......... 300°C
TOP VIEW
VDD
REF
GND
AIN
1
2
3
4
8
7
6
5
CONV
SCK
SDO
OVDD
TS8 PACKAGE
8-LEAD PLASTIC TSOT-23
TJMAX = 150°C, θJA = 195°C/W
ORDER INFORMATION
Lead Free Finish
TAPE AND REEL (MINI)
TAPE AND REEL
PART MARKING*
PACKAGE DESCRIPTION
TEMPERATURE RANGE
LTC2312CTS8-14#TRMPBF
LTC2312CTS8-14#TRPBF
LTFZK
8-Lead Plastic TSOT-23
0°C to 70°C
LTC2312ITS8-14#TRMPBF
LTC2312ITS8-14#TRPBF
LTFZK
8-Lead Plastic TSOT-23
LTC2312HTS8-14#TRMPBF
LTC2312HTS8-14#TRPBF
LTFZK
8-Lead Plastic TSOT-23
TRM = 500 pieces. *Temperature grades are identified by a label on the shipping container.
Consult LTC Marketing for parts specified with wider operating temperature ranges.
Consult LTC Marketing for information on lead based finish parts.
For more information on lead free part marking, go to: http://www.linear.com/leadfree/
For more information on tape and reel specifications, go to: http://www.linear.com/tapeandreel/
2
–40˚C to 85˚C
–40˚C to 125˚C
231214fa
For more information www.linear.com/LTC2312-14
LTC2312-14
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. (Note 4)
SYMBOL PARAMETER
VAIN
Absolute Input Range
VIN
Input Voltage Range
IIN
Analog Input DC Leakage Current
CIN
Analog Input Capacitance
CONDITIONS
(Note 11)
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
l
–0.05
VDD + 0.05
V
l
0
VREF
V
l
–1
1
µA
Sample Mode
Hold Mode
13
3
pF
pF
CONVERTER CHARACTERISTICS
The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. (Note 4)
SYMBOL PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
Resolution
No Missing Codes
MIN
l
14
l
14
TYP
MAX
UNITS
Bits
Bits
Transition Noise
(Note 6)
0.7
LSBRMS
INL
Integral Linearity Error
VDD = 5V (Note 5)
VDD = 3V (Note 5)
l
l
–3.75
–4
±1
±1.5
3.75
4
LSB
LSB
DNL
Differential Linearity Error
VDD = 5V
VDD = 3V
l
l
–0.99
–0.99
±0.3
±0.4
0.99
0.99
LSB
LSB
Offset Error
VDD = 5V
VDD = 3V
l
l
–9
–18
±2
±4
9
18
LSB
LSB
Full-Scale Error
VDD = 5V
VDD = 3V
l
l
–18
–34
±5
±7
18
34
LSB
LSB
Total Unadjusted Error
VDD = 5V
VDD = 3V
l
l
–22
–38
±6
±8
22
38
LSB
LSB
DYNAMIC ACCURACY
The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature range,
otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C and AIN = –1dBFS. (Note 4)
SYMBOL PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
SINAD
Signal-to-(Noise + Distortion) Ratio
fIN = 20kHz, VDD = 5V
fIN = 20kHz, VDD = 3V
SNR
Signal-to-Noise Ratio
THD
l
l
72.5
69
77
72.6
dB
dB
fIN = 20kHz, VDD = 5V
fIN = 20kHz, VDD = 3V
l
l
73.5
69.5
77.5
73
dB
dB
Total Harmonic Distortion
First 5 Harmonics
fIN = 20kHz, VDD = 5V
fIN = 20kHz, VDD = 3V
l
l
SFDR
Spurious Free Dynamic Range
fIN = 20kHz, VDD = 5V
fIN = 20kHz, VDD = 3V
l
l
IMD
Intermodulation Distortion
2nd Order Terms
3rd Order Terms
–85
–85
78
76
MAX
–76
–76
UNITS
dB
dB
88
88
dB
dB
fIN1 = 53kHz, fIN2 = 58kHz,
AIN1, AIN2 = –7dBFS
–80
–92
dBc
dBc
Full Power Bandwidth
At 3dB
At 0.1dB
130
20
MHz
MHz
–3dB Input Linear Bandwidth
SINAD ≥ 74dB
5
MHz
tAP
Aperture Delay
1
ns
tJITTER
Aperture Jitter
10
psRMS
231214fa
For more information www.linear.com/LTC2312-14
3
LTC2312-14
REFERENCE INPUT/OUTPUT
The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature
range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. (Note 4)
SYMBOL PARAMETER
VREF
CONDITIONS
VREF Output Voltage
2.7V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6V
4.75 ≤ VDD ≤ 5.25V
VREF Temperature Coefficient
l
l
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
2.040
4.080
2.048
4.096
2.056
4.112
V
V
7
20
l
ppm/°C
VREF Output Resistance
Normal Operation, ILOAD = 0mA to 5mA
Overdrive Condition
(VREFIN ≥ VREFOUT + 50mV)
1
52
Ω
kΩ
VREF Line Regulation
2.7V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6V
4.75 ≤ VDD ≤ 5.25V
0.4
0.2
mV/V
mV/V
4.15
V
VREF 2.048V/4.096V Supply Threshold
VREF 2.048V/4.096V Supply Threshold Hysteresis
VREF Input Voltage Range
(External Reference Input)
150
2.7V ≤ VDD ≤ 3.6V
4.75 ≤ VDD ≤ 5.25V
l
l
VREF + 50mV
VREF + 50mV
mV
V
V
VDD
4.3
DIGITAL INPUTS AND DIGITAL OUTPUTS
The l denotes the specifications which apply over the
full operating temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. (Note 4)
SYMBOL PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
MIN
VIH
High Level Input Voltage
l
VIL
Low Level Input Voltage
l
IIN
Digital Input Current
l
–10
OVDD–0.2
CIN
Digital Input Capacitance
High Level Output Voltage
IO = –500µA (Source)
l
MAX
UNITS
0.8 • OVDD
VIN = 0V to OVDD
VOH
TYP
V
0.2 • OVDD
V
10
μA
5
VOL
Low Level Output Voltage
IO = 500µA (Sink)
l
IOZ
Hi-Z Output Leakage Current
VOUT = 0V to OVDD, CONV = High
l
COZ
Hi-Z Output Capacitance
CONV = High
ISOURCE
Output Source Current
ISINK
Output Sink Current
pF
V
–10
0.2
V
10
µA
4
pF
VOUT = 0V, OVDD = 1.8V
–20
mA
VOUT = OVDD = 1.8V
20
mA
POWER REQUIREMENTS
The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating temperature
range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. (Note 4)
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
VDD
Supply Voltage
3V Operational Range
5V Operational Range
CONDITIONS
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
l
l
2.7
4.75
3
5
3.6
5.25
V
V
l
1.71
OVDD
Digital Output Supply Voltage
ITOTAL =
IVDD + IOVDD
Supply Current, Static Mode
Operational Mode
Nap Mode
Sleep Mode
CONV = 0V, SCK = 0V
l
l
PD
Power Dissipation, Static Mode
Operational Mode
Nap Mode
Sleep Mode
CONV = 0V, SCK = 0V
l
l
4
l
l
5.25
V
3.4
3.2
2
0.2
4.3
4
mA
mA
mA
µA
17
16
10
1
21.5
20
5
25
mW
mW
mW
µW
231214fa
For more information www.linear.com/LTC2312-14
LTC2312-14
ADC TIMING CHARACTERISTICS
The l denotes the specifications which apply over the full operating
temperature range, otherwise specifications are at TA = 25°C. (Note 4)
SYMBOL
PARAMETER
CONDITIONS
fSAMPLE(MAX) Maximum Sampling Frequency
fSCK
Shift Clock Frequency
tSCK
Shift Clock Period
MIN
TYP
MAX
UNITS
(Notes 7, 8)
l
500
kHz
(Notes 7, 8)
l
20
MHz
l
tTHROUGHPUT Minimum Throughput Time, tACQ + tCONV
50
ns
2000
l
ns
tCONV
Conversion Time
l
1300
ns
tACQ
Acquisition Time
l
700
ns
t1
Minimum CONV Pulse Width
(Note 7), Valid for Nap and Sleep Modes Only
l
10
ns
t2
SCK↑ Setup Time After CONV↓
(Note 7)
l
10
t3
SDO Enable Time After CONV↓
(Notes 7, 8)
l
10
ns
t4
SDO Data Valid Access Time after SCK↓
(Notes 7, 8, 9)
l
11
ns
ns
t5
SCK Low Time
l
10
ns
t6
SCK High Time
l
10
ns
t7
SDO Data Valid Hold Time After SCK↓
(Notes 7, 8, 9)
l
1
ns
t8
SDO into Hi-Z State Time After CONV↑
(Notes 7, 8, 10)
l
3
t9
CONV↑ Quiet Time After 14th SCK↓
(Note 7)
l
15
tWAKE_NAP
Power-Up Time from Nap Mode
See Nap Mode Section
50
ns
tWAKE_SLEEP
Power-Up Time from Sleep Mode
See Sleep Mode Section
1.1
ms
Note 1. Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Ratings
may cause permanent damage to the device. Exposure to any Absolute
Maximum Rating condition for extended periods may affect device
reliability and lifetime.
Note 2. All voltage values are with respect to ground.
Note 3. When these pin voltages are taken below ground or above VDD
(AIN, REF) or OVDD (SCK, CONV, SDO) they will be clamped by internal
diodes. This product can handle input currents up to 100mA below ground
or above VDD or OVDD without latch-up.
Note 4. VDD = 5V, OVDD = 2.5V, fSMPL = 500kHz, fSCK = 20MHz, AIN =
–1dBFS and internal reference unless otherwise noted.
Note 5. Integral nonlinearity is defined as the deviation of a code from a
straight line passing through the actual endpoints of the transfer curve.
The deviation is measured from the center of the quantization band.
10
ns
ns
Note 6. Typical RMS noise at code transitions.
Note 7. Parameter tested and guaranteed at OVDD = 2.5V. All input signals
are specified with tr = tf = 1ns (10% to 90% of OVDD) and timed from a
voltage level of OVDD/2.
Note 8. All timing specifications given are with a 10pF capacitance load.
Load capacitances greater than this will require a digital buffer.
Note 9. The time required for the output to cross the VOH or VOL voltage.
Note 10. Guaranteed by design, not subject to test.
Note 11. Recommended operating conditions.
231214fa
For more information www.linear.com/LTC2312-14
5
LTC2312-14
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
TA = 25°C, VDD = 5V, OVDD = 2.5V, fSMPL = 500ksps,
unless otherwise noted.
1.00
7000
1.5
0.75
6000
1.0
0.50
0.5
0.25
0.0
–0.5
0.00
–0.25
–1.0
–0.50
–1.5
–0.75
8192
12288
OUTPUT CODE
16384
–1.00
–40
–100
–120
50
100
200
150
INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz)
THD, Harmonics vs Input
Frequency (100kHz to 1.2MHz)
–75
74
231214 G04
79
77
2ND
–90
3RD
–95
250
500
750
1000
INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz)
1250
231214 G07
250
500
750
1000
INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz)
74
SINAD
71
–55 –35 –15
SNR
SINAD
1250
–75
THD, Harmonics vs Temperature,
fIN = 259kHz
VDD = 3V
–80
75
72
0
0
231214 G06
VDD = 5V
76
73
–100
SNR
3RD
–95
–105
1250
SNR, SINAD vs Temperature,
fIN = 259kHz
78
THD
SNR, SINAD (dBFS)
–85
250
500
750
1000
INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz)
2ND
–90
–100
VDD = 3V
SINAD
0
THD
–85
231214 G05
–75
RIN/CIN = 50Ω/47pF
fS = 500ksps
–80 VDD = 3V
RIN/CIN = 50Ω/47pF
fS = 500ksps
–80 VDD = 5V
VDD = 5V
SINAD
75
72
250
8194 8195 8196 8197 8198 8199 8200
CODE
231214 G03
231214 G02
SNR
73
0
0
16384
76
THD, Harmonics vs Input
Frequency (100kHz to 1.2MHz)
THD, HARMONICS (dB)
8192
12288
OUTPUT CODE
SNR
–140
6
4096
77
–80
–105
0
78
–60
–160
1000
SNR, SINAD vs Input Frequency
(100kHz to 1.2MHz)
VDD = 5V
SNR = 77.5dBFS
SINAD = 77dBFS
THD = –85dB
SFDR = 88dB
–20
2000
231214 G01
16k Point FFT, fS = 500ksps
fIN = 259kHz
3000
THD, HARMONICS (dB)
4096
σ = 0.7
4000
VDD = 3V
5 25 45 65 85 105 125
TEMPERATURE (°C)
231214 G08
THD, HARMONICS (dB)
0
0
DC Histogram Near Mid-Scale
(Code 8192)
5000
COUNTS
DNL (LSB)
2.0
–2.0
AMPLITUDE (dBFS)
Differential Nonlinearity
vs Output Code
SNR, SINAD (dBFS)
INL (LSB)
Integral Nonlinearity
vs Output Code
–85
THD
2ND
–90
3RD
–95
–100
–55 –35 –15
5 25 45 65 85 105 125
TEMPERATURE (°C)
231214 G09
231214fa
For more information www.linear.com/LTC2312-14
LTC2312-14
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
unless otherwise noted.
–75
79
VDD = 5V
SNR, SINAD vs Reference Voltage
fIN = 259kHz
200
SNR
78
–80
SNR, SINAD (dBFS)
THD, HARMONICS (dB)
THD
–85
2ND
–90
–95
–100
3RD
–105
–110
–55 –35 –15
77
SNR
SINAD
VDD = 5V
76
SINAD
75
VDD = 3.6V
74
OPERATION
NOT ALLOWED
73
72
5 25 45 65 85 105 125
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Reference Current
vs Reference Voltage
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V)
231214 G10
REFERENCE CURRENT (µA)
THD, Harmonics vs Temperature,
fIN = 259kHz
TA = 25°C, VDD = 5V, OVDD = 2.5V, fSMPL = 500ksps,
VDD = 3.6V
100
4.5
OPERATION
NOT ALLOWED
150
2
231214 G11
Full-Scale Error vs Temperature
2.5
3
3.5
4
REFERENCE VOLTAGE (V)
4.5
231314 G12
Offset Error vs Temperature
Supply Current vs Temperature
1
4
3.5
3.4
3
1
0
–1
–2
VDD = 5V
3.3
0.5
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
OFFSET ERROR (LSB)
2
0
–0.5
3.2
3.1
VDD = 3V
3.0
2.9
2.8
2.7
–3
2.6
–4
–55 –35 –15
5 25 45 65 85 105 125
TEMPERATURE (°C)
–1
–55 –35 –15
5 25 45 65 85 105 125
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Shutdown Current vs Temperature
1
231214 G15
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
0.75
0.5
VDD = 3V
ITOT
VDD = 5V
OVDD = 2.5V
3.0
IVDD
2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5
VDD = 5V
0
–55 –35 –15
5 25 45 65 85 105 125
TEMPERATURE (°C)
Supply Current vs Sample Rate
3.5
IVDD + IOVDD
0.25
2.5
–55 –35 –15
231214 G14
231214 G13
SHUTDOWN CURRENT (µA)
FULL-SCALE ERROR (LSB)
VDD = 5V
5 25 45 65 85 105 125
TEMPERATURE (°C)
0
IOVDD
0
100
231214 G16
200
300
400
SAMPLE RATE (kHz)
500
231214 G17
231214fa
For more information www.linear.com/LTC2312-14
7
LTC2312-14
TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
unless otherwise noted.
0.5
OUTPUT SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
SUPPLY CURRENT (mA)
3.50
Supply Current (IVDD)
vs Supply Voltage (VDD)
3.25
3.00
OPERATION
NOT ALLOWED
2.75
2.50
2.6 2.9 3.2 3.5 3.8 4.1 4.4 4.7 5.0 5.3
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V)
231214 G18
TA = 25°C, VDD = 5V, OVDD = 2.5V, fSMPL = 500ksps,
Output Supply Current (IOVDD)
vs Output Supply Voltage (OVDD)
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
0
1.8
2.2
2.6 3.0 3.4 3.8 4.2 4.6 5.0
OUTPUT SUPPLY VOLTAGE (V) 231214 G19
PIN FUNCTIONS
VDD (Pin 1): Power Supply. The ranges of VDD are 2.7V
to 3.6V and 4.75V to 5.25V. Bypass VDD to GND with a
2.2µF ceramic chip capacitor.
REF (Pin 2): Reference Input/Output. The REF pin voltage defines the input span of the ADC, 0V to VREF. By
default, REF is an output pin and produces a reference
voltage VREF of either 2.048V or 4.096V depending on
VDD (see Table 2). Bypass to GND with a 2.2µF, low ESR,
high quality ceramic chip capacitor. The REF pin may be
overdriven with a voltage at least 50mV higher than the
internal reference voltage output.
GND (Pin 3): Ground. The GND pin must be tied directly
to a solid ground plane.
AIN (Pin 4): Analog Input. AIN is a single-ended input with
respect to GND with a range from 0V to VREF.
OVDD (Pin 5): I/O Interface Digital Power. The OVDD range
is 1.71V to 5.25V. This supply is nominally set to the
same supply as the host interface (1.8V, 2.5V, 3.3V or
5V). Bypass to GND with a 2.2µF ceramic chip capacitor.
8
SDO (Pin 6): Serial Data Output. The A/D conversion result
is shifted out on SDO as a serial data stream with the MSB
first through the LSB last. The data stream consists of 14
bits of conversion data followed by trailing zeros. There
is no cycle latency. Logic levels are determined by OVDD.
SCK (Pin 7): Serial Data Clock Input. The SCK serial clock
synchronizes the serial data transfer. SDO data transitions
on the falling edge of SCK. Logic levels are determined
by OVDD.
CONV (Pin 8): Convert Input. This active high signal starts
a conversion on the rising edge. The conversion is timed
via an internal oscillator. The device automatically powers
down following the conversion process. The SDO pin is
in high impedance when CONV is a logic high. Bringing
CONV low enables the SDO pin and outputs the MSB.
Subsequent bits of the conversion data are read out serially on the falling edge of SCK. A logic low on CONV also
places the sample-and-hold into sample mode. Logic levels
are determined by OVDD.
231214fa
For more information www.linear.com/LTC2312-14
LTC2312-14
BLOCK DIAGRAM
2.2µF
2.2µF
ANALOG SUPPLY
3V OR 5V
I/O INTERFACE SUPPLY
RANGE 1.8V TO 5V
1
5
VDD
OVDD
2.5V LDO
ANALOG
INPUT RANGE
0V TO VREF
AIN
+
4
14-BIT SAR ADC
S/H
–
THREE-STATE
SERIAL
OUTPUT
PORT
SDO
6
REF
SCK
2
2.2µF
GND
3
2×/4×
7
TIMING
LOGIC
1.024V
BANDGAP
CONV
8
TS8 PACKAGE
231214 BD
ALL CAPACITORS UNLESS
NOTED ARE HIGH QUALITY,
CERAMIC CHIP TYPE
TIMING DIAGRAMS
t3
CONV
SDO
CONV
OVDD/2
Hi-Z
MSB
VOH
VOL
Figure 1. SDO Enabled After CONV↓
t8
OVDD/2
Hi-Z
SDO
Figure 2. SDO Into Hi-Z After CONV↑
231214 TD01
SCK
t7
231214 TD02
SCK
OVDD/2
V
SDO OH
VOL
SDO
Figure 3. SDO Data Valid Hold After SCK↓
t4
OVDD/2
VOH
VOL
Figure 4. SDO Data Valid Access After SCK↓
231214 TD03
231214 TD04
231214fa
For more information www.linear.com/LTC2312-14
9
LTC2312-14
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Overview
Serial Data Output (SDO)
The LTC2312-14 is a low noise, high speed, 14-bit successive approximation register (SAR) ADC. The LTC2312-14
operates from a single 3V or 5V supply and provides a low
drift (20ppm/°C maximum), internal reference and reference buffer. The internal reference buffer is automatically
configured with a 2.048V span in low supply range (2.7V
to 3.6V) and with a 4.096V span in the high supply range
(4.75V to 5.25V). The LTC2312-14 samples at a 500ksps
rate and supports a 20MHz serial data read clock. The
LTC2312-14 achieves excellent dynamic performance
(77dB SINAD, 85dB THD) while dissipating only 15mW
from a 5V supply up to the 500ksps conversion rate. The
LTC2312-14 outputs the conversion data with no cycle
latency onto the SDO pin. The SDO pin output logic levels are supplied by the dedicated OVDD supply pin which
has a wide supply range (1.71V to 5.25V) allowing the
LTC2312-14 to communicate with 1.8V, 2.5V, 3V or 5V
systems. The LTC2312-14 automatically switches to nap
mode following the conversion process to save power. The
device also provides a sleep power-down mode through
serial interface control to reduce power dissipation during
long inactive periods.
The SDO output is always forced into the high impedance state while CONV is high. The falling edge of CONV
enables SDO and also places the sample and hold into
sample mode. The A/D conversion result is shifted out
on the SDO pin as a serial data stream with the MSB first.
The MSB is output on SDO on the falling edge of CONV.
Delay t3 is the data valid access time for the MSB. The
following 13 bits of conversion data are shifted out on
SDO on the falling edge of SCK. Delay t4 is the data valid
access time for output data shifted out on the falling edge
of SCK. There is no data latency. Subsequent falling SCK
edges applied after the LSB is output will output zeros
indefinitely on the SDO pin.
Serial Interface
The LTC2312-14 communicates with microcontrollers,
DSPs and other external circuitry via a 3-wire interface.
A rising CONV edge starts the conversion process which
is timed via an internal oscillator. Following the conversion process the device automatically switches to nap
mode to save power as shown in Figure 7. This feature
saves considerable power for the LTC2312-14 operating
at lower sampling rates. As shown in Figures 5 and 6, it
is recommended to hold SCK static low or high during
tCONV. Note that CONV must be held high for the entire
minimum conversion time (tCONV). A falling CONV edge
enables SDO and outputs the MSB. Subsequent SCK
falling edges clock out the remaining data as shown in
Figures 5 and 6. Data is serially output MSB first through
LSB last, followed by trailing zeros if further SCK falling
edges are applied.
10
The output swing on the SDO pin is controlled by the
OVDD pin voltage and supports a wide operating range
from 1.71V to 5.25V independent of the VDD pin voltage.
Power Considerations
The LTC2312-14 provides two sets of power supply pins:
the analog power supply (VDD) and the digital input/output
interface power supply (OVDD). The flexible OVDD supply
allows the LTC2312-14 to communicate with any digital
logic operating between 1.8V and 5V, including 2.5V and
3.3V systems.
Entering Nap/Sleep Mode
Pulsing CONV two times and holding SCK static places the
LTC2312-14 into nap mode. Pulsing CONV four times and
holding SCK static places the LTC2312-14 into sleep mode.
In sleep mode, all bias circuitry is shut down, including the
internal bandgap and reference buffer, and only leakage
currents remain (0.2µA typical). Because the reference
buffer is externally bypassed with a large capacitor (2.2µF),
the LTC2312-14 requires a significant wait time (1.1ms) to
recharge this capacitance before an accurate conversion
can be made. In contrast, nap mode does not power down
the internal bandgap or reference buffer allowing for a fast
wake-up and accurate conversion within one conversion clock
cycle. Supply current during nap mode is nominally 2mA.
231214fa
For more information www.linear.com/LTC2312-14
LTC2312-14
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
t9
tACQ-MIN = 13.5 • tSCK + t2 + t9
CONV
tCONV-MIN
t2
tACQ
t6
SCK
1
t8
t3
HI-Z STATE
SDO
2
3
t5
B13
4
t4
B12
B11
12
13
14
t7
B10
B1
B0
0
(MSB)
tTHROUGHPUT
231214 F05
Figure 5. LTC2312-14 Serial Interface Timing Diagram (SCK Low During tCONV)
t9
tACQ-MIN = 13.5 • tSCK + t2 + t9
CONV
tCONV-MIN
t2
SCK
1
HI-Z STATE
SDO
2
3
4
t5
t3
t8
tACQ
t6
B13
t4
B12
B11
13
14
t7
B10
B1
B0
0
(MSB)
tTHROUGHPUT
231214 F06
Figure 6. LTC2312-14 Serial Interface Timing Diagram (SCK High During tCONV)
t9
t2
CONV
CONVERT
POWER-DOWN
tCONV-MIN
NAP MODE
tACQ
SCK
t8
SDO
HI-Z STATE
tCONV > tCONV-MIN
t3
B13
B12
(MSB)
231214 F07
Figure 7. LTC2312-14 Nap Mode Power-Down Following Conversion for tCONV > tCONV-MIN
231214fa
For more information www.linear.com/LTC2312-14
11
LTC2312-14
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Exiting Nap/Sleep Mode
Waking up the LTC2312-14 from either nap or sleep
mode, as shown in Figures 8 and 9, requires SCK to be
pulsed one time. A conversion cycle (tACQ) may be started
immediately following nap mode as shown in Figure 8. A
period of time allowing the reference voltage to recover
must follow waking up from sleep mode as shown in Figure
9. The wait period required before initiating a conversion
for the recommended value of CREF of 2.2µF is 1.1ms.
Power Supply Sequencing
The LTC2312-14 does not have any specific power supply sequencing requirements. Care should be taken to
observe the maximum voltage relationships described in
the Absolute Maximum Ratings section.
Single-Ended Analog Input Drive
The analog input of the LTC2312-14 is easy to drive. The
input draws only one small current spike while charging
the sample-and-hold capacitor following the falling edge
of CONV. During the conversion, the analog input draws
only a small leakage current. If the source impedance of
the driving circuit is low, then the input of the LTC2312-14
can be driven directly. As the source impedance increases,
so will the acquisition time. For minimum acquisition time
1
with high source impedance, a buffer amplifier should be
used. The main requirement is that the amplifier driving
the analog input must settle after the small current spike
before the next conversion starts. Settling time must be
less than tACQ-MIN (700ns) for full performance at the
maximum throughput rate. While choosing an input amplifier, also keep in mind the amount of noise and harmonic
distortion the amplifier contributes.
Choosing an Input Amplifier
Choosing an input amplifier is easy if a few requirements
are taken into consideration. First, to limit the magnitude
of the voltage spike seen by the amplifier from charging
the sampling capacitor, choose an amplifier that has a low
output impedance (14-bit resolution within the minimum
acquisition time (tACQ-MIN) of 700ns.
A simple 1-pole RC filter is sufficient for many applications.
For example, Figure 10 shows a recommended singleended buffered drive circuit using the LT1818 in unity
LTC2312-14
50Ω
AIN
470pF
GND
231214 F10
Figure 10. RC Input Filter
ADC Reference
A low noise, low temperature drift reference is critical to
achieving the full data sheet performance of the ADC. The
LTC2312-14 provides an excellent internal reference with
a guaranteed 20ppm/°C maximum temperature coefficient.
For added flexibility, an external reference may also be used.
The high speed, low noise internal reference buffer is used
only in the internal reference configuration. The reference
For more information www.linear.com/LTC2312-14
231214fa
13
LTC2312-14
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
buffer must be overdriven in the external reference configuration with a voltage 50mV higher than the nominal
reference output voltage in the internal configuration.
Using the Internal Reference
The internal bandgap and reference buffer are active by
default when the LTC2312-14 is not in sleep mode. The
reference voltage at the REF pin scales automatically with
the supply voltage at the VDD pin. The scaling of the reference voltage with supply is shown in Table 2.
Table 2. Reference Voltage vs Supply Range
SUPPLY VOLTAGE (VDD)
REF VOLTAGE (VREF)
2.7V < VDD < 3.6V
2.048V
4.75V < VDD < 5.25V
4.096V
The reference voltage also determines the full-scale analog
input range of the LTC2312-14. For example, a 2.048V
reference voltage will accommodate an analog input range
from 0V to 2.048V. An analog input voltage that goes below
0V will be coded as all zeros and an analog input voltage
that exceeds 2.048V will be coded as all ones.
It is recommended that the REF pin be bypassed to ground
with a low ESR, 2.2µF ceramic chip capacitor for optimum
performance.
External Reference
An external reference can be used with the LTC2312-14
if better performance is required or to accommodate a
larger input voltage span. The only constraints are that
the external reference voltage must be 50mV higher than
the internal reference voltage (see Table 2) and must be
less than or equal to the supply voltage (or 4.3V for the 5V
supply range). For example, a 3.3V external reference may
be used with a 3.3V VDD supply voltage to provide a 3.3V
analog input voltage span (i.e. 3.3V > 2.048V + 50mV).
Or alternatively, a 2.5V reference may be used with a 3V
supply voltage to provide a 2.5V input voltage range (i.e.
2.5V > 2.048V + 50mV). The LTC6655-3.3, LTC6655-2.5,
available from Linear Technology, may be suitable for
many applications requiring a high performance external
reference for either 3.3V or 2.5V input spans respectively.
Transfer Function
Figure 11 depicts the transfer function of the LTC2312-14.
The code transitions occur midway between successive
integer LSB values (i.e. 0.5LSB, 1.5LSB, 2.5LSB… FS0.5LSB). The output code is straight binary with 1LSB =
VREF/16,384.
DC Performance
The noise of an ADC can be evaluated in two ways:
signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the frequency domain and
histogram in the time domain. The LTC2312-14 excels
in both. The noise in the time domain histogram is the
transition noise associated with a 14-bit resolution ADC
which can be measured with a fixed DC signal applied
to the input of the ADC. The resulting output codes are
collected over a large number of conversions. The shape
of the distribution of codes will give an indication of the
magnitude of the transition noise. In Figure 12, the distribution of output codes is shown for a DC input that has
7000
111...111
σ = 0.7
6000
111...110
COUNTS
OUTPUT CODE
5000
4000
3000
2000
1000
000...001
0
000...000
0 1LSB
FS – 1LSB
INPUT VOLTAGE (V)
231214 F11
Figure 11. LTC2312-14 Transfer Function
14
8194 8195 8196 8197 8198 8199 8200
CODE
231214 F12
Figure 12. Histogram for 16384 Conversions
231214fa
For more information www.linear.com/LTC2312-14
LTC2312-14
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
been digitized 16,384 times. The distribution is Gaussian
and the RMS code transition noise is 0.7LSB. This corresponds to a noise level of 77.5dB relative to a full scale
voltage of 4.096V.
Dynamic Performance
The LTC2312-14 has excellent high speed sampling
capability. Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) techniques are
used to test the ADC’s frequency response, distortion and
noise at the rated throughput. By applying a low distortion
sine wave and analyzing the digital output using an FFT
algorithm, the ADC’s spectral content can be examined
for frequencies outside the applied fundamental. The
LTC2312-14 provides guaranteed tested limits for both
AC distortion and noise measurements.
Signal-to-Noise and Distortion Ratio (SINAD)
The signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SINAD) is the
ratio between the RMS amplitude of the fundamental input
frequency and the RMS amplitude of all other frequency
components at the A/D output. The output is band-limited
to frequencies from above DC and below half the sampling
frequency. Figure 14 shows the LTC2312-14 maintains a
SINAD above 76dB up to an input frequency of 1.25MHz.
Effective Number of Bits (ENOB)
The effective number of bits (ENOB) is a measurement of
the resolution of an ADC and is directly related to SINAD
by the equation where ENOB is the effective number of
bits of resolution and SINAD is expressed in dB:
At the maximum sampling rate of 500kHz, the LTC2312-14
maintains an ENOB above 12 bits up to an input frequency
of 1.25MHz. (Figure 14)
Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR)
The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is the ratio between
the RMS amplitude of the fundamental input frequency
and the RMS amplitude of all other frequency components except the first five harmonics and DC. Figure 13
shows that the LTC2312-14 achieves a typical SNR of
77.5dB at a 500kHz sampling rate with a 259kHz input
frequency.
Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)
Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) is the ratio of the RMS sum
of all harmonics of the input signal to the fundamental itself.
The out-of-band harmonics alias into the frequency band
between DC and half the sampling frequency (fSMPL/2).
THD is expressed as:
THD=20log
V22 + V32 + V42 + VN2
V1
where V1 is the RMS amplitude of the fundamental frequency and V2 through VN are the amplitudes of the second
through Nth harmonics. THD versus Input Frequency is
shown in the Typical Performance Characteristics section.
The LTC2312-14 has excellent distortion performance well
beyond the Nyquist frequency.
ENOB = (SINAD – 1.76)/6.02
0
–20
–40
SINAD (dBFS)
–60
–80
–100
12.50
76
12.33
75
12.17
74
12.00
VDD = 3V
73
–120
11.83
72
–140
–160
VDD = 5V
77
0
50
100
200
150
INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz)
250
71
11.67
0
231214 F13
Figure 13. 16k Point FFT of the LTC2312-14 at fIN = 259kHz
ENOB
AMPLITUDE (dBFS)
78
VDD = 5V
SNR = 77.5dBFS
SINAD = 77dBFS
THD = –85dB
SFDR = 88dB
250
500
750
1000
INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz)
11.50
1250
231214 F14
Figure 14. LTC2312-14 ENOB/SINAD vs fIN
231214fa
For more information www.linear.com/LTC2312-14
15
LTC2312-14
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Intermodulation Distortion (IMD)
Full-Power and –3dB Input Linear Bandwidth
If the ADC input signal consists of more than one spectral
component, the ADC transfer function nonlinearity can
produce intermodulation distortion (IMD) in addition to
THD. IMD is the change in one sinusoidal input caused
by the presence of another sinusoidal input at a different
frequency.
The full-power bandwidth is the input frequency at which
the amplitude of the reconstructed fundamental is reduced
by 3dB for a full-scale input signal.
If two pure sine waves of frequencies fa and fb are applied to the ADC input, nonlinearities in the ADC transfer
function can create distortion products at the sum and
difference frequencies m • fa ± n • fb, where m and n = 0,
1, 2, 3, etc. For example, the 2nd order IMD terms include
(fa ± fb). If the two input sine waves are equal in magnitude,
the value (in decibels) of the 2nd order IMD products can
be expressed by the following formula:
IMD(fa ± fb) = 20 • log[VA (fa ± fb)/VA (fa)]
The LTC2312-14 has excellent IMD, as shown in Figure 15.
0
fa
fb
–20
MAGNITUDE (dB)
–40
–60
f –f
–80 b a
2fa – fb
–100
2fb – fa
VDD = 5V
fs = 500ksps
fa = 53.421kHz
fb = 58.421kHz
IMD2 (fb – fa) = –80.4dBc
IMD3 (2fb – fa) = –92dBc
fb + fa
–120
–140
–160
0
50
100
150
200
INPUT FREQUENCY (kHz)
250
231214 F15
Figure 15. LTC2312-14 IMD Plot
Spurious Free Dynamic Range (SFDR)
The spurious free dynamic range is the largest spectral
component excluding DC and the input signal. This value
is expressed in decibels relative to the RMS value of a
full-scale input signal.
16
The –3dB linear bandwidth is the input frequency at which
the SINAD has dropped to 74dB (12 effective bits). The
LTC2312-14 has been designed to optimize the input
bandwidth, allowing the ADC to under-sample input signals
with frequencies above the converter’s Nyquist frequency.
The noise floor stays very low at high frequencies and
SINAD becomes dominated by distortion at frequencies
beyond Nyquist.
Recommended Layout
To obtain the best performance from the LTC2312-14 a
printed circuit board is required. Layout for the printed
circuit board (PCB) should ensure the digital and analog
signal lines are separated as much as possible. In particular, care should be taken not to run any digital clocks or
signals alongside analog signals or underneath the ADC.
Figure 16 through Figure 20 is an example of a recommended PCB layout. A single solid ground plane is used.
Bypass capacitors to the supplies are placed as close as
possible to the supply pins. Low impedance common
returns for these bypass capacitors are essential to the
low noise operation of the ADC. The analog input traces
are screened by ground. For more details and information
refer to DC1563, the evaluation kit for the LTC2312-14.
Bypassing Considerations
High quality tantalum and ceramic bypass capacitors
should be used at the VDD, OVDD and REF pins. For optimum performance, a 2.2µF ceramic chip capacitor should
be used for the VDD and OVDD pins. The recommended
bypassing for the REF pin is also a low ESR, 2.2µF ceramic
capacitor. The traces connecting the pins and the bypass
capacitors must be kept as short as possible and should
be made as wide as possible avoiding the use of vias.
All analog circuitry grounds should be terminated at the
LTC2312-14. The ground return from the LTC2312-14 to
the power supply should be low impedance for noise free
operation. Digital circuitry grounds must be connected to
the digital supply common.
231214fa
For more information www.linear.com/LTC2312-14
LTC2312-14
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
In applications where the ADC data outputs and control
signals are connected to a continuously active microprocessor bus, it is possible to get errors in the conversion
results. These errors are due to feed-through from the
microprocessor to the successive approximation comparator. The problem can be eliminated by forcing the
microprocessor into a “Wait” state during conversion or
by using three-state buffers to isolate the ADC data bus.
Figure 16. Top Silkscreen
Figure 17. Layer 1 Top Layer
Figure 18. Layer 2 GND Plane
231214fa
For more information www.linear.com/LTC2312-14
17
LTC2312-14
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
Figure 19. Layer 3 PWR Plane
Figure 20. Layer 4 Bottom Layer
18
231214fa
For more information www.linear.com/LTC2312-14
LTC2312-14
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
REF
U5
LT1790ACS6-2.048
9V TO 10V
4
VI
GND
GND
1
2
JP1
HD1X3-100
J4
AIN
0V TO 4.096V
C6
4.7µF
R14
0k
VO
AC
R9
1k
C8
10µF
VCCIO
C9
4.7µF
C10
OPT
C11
OPT
C12
4.7µF
DC
COUPLING
1 2 3
C18
OPT
C7
OPT
VDD
VCM
6
+
R15
49.9Ω
C17
1µF
3
2
1
U1
*
4
C19
47pF
NP0
JP2
VCM
1
2
5
VDD REF OVDD
AIN
CSL
SCK
GND
1.024V
3
2.048V
SDO
231214 F21
8
CSL*
7
SCK
6
SDO
R16
33Ω
*NOTE: CSL = CONV
HD1X3-100
R18
1k
Figure 21. Partial 1563 Demo Board Schematic
231214fa
For more information www.linear.com/LTC2312-14
19
LTC2312-14
PACKAGE DESCRIPTION
Please refer to http://www.linear.com/designtools/packaging/ for the most recent package drawings.
TS8 Package
8-Lead Plastic TSOT-23
(Reference LTC DWG # 05-08-1637 Rev A)
0.40
MAX
2.90 BSC
(NOTE 4)
0.65
REF
1.22 REF
1.4 MIN
3.85 MAX 2.62 REF
2.80 BSC
1.50 – 1.75
(NOTE 4)
PIN ONE ID
RECOMMENDED SOLDER PAD LAYOUT
PER IPC CALCULATOR
0.22 – 0.36
8 PLCS (NOTE 3)
0.65 BSC
0.80 – 0.90
0.20 BSC
0.01 – 0.10
1.00 MAX
DATUM ‘A’
0.30 – 0.50 REF
0.09 – 0.20
(NOTE 3)
1.95 BSC
TS8 TSOT-23 0710 REV A
NOTE:
1. DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS
2. DRAWING NOT TO SCALE
3. DIMENSIONS ARE INCLUSIVE OF PLATING
4. DIMENSIONS ARE EXCLUSIVE OF MOLD FLASH AND METAL BURR
5. MOLD FLASH SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.254mm
6. JEDEC PACKAGE REFERENCE IS MO-193
20
231214fa
For more information www.linear.com/LTC2312-14
LTC2312-14
REVISION HISTORY
REV
DATE
DESCRIPTION
A
11/14
Modification to Figure 8 and Figure 9
PAGE NUMBER
12
231214fa
Information furnished by Linear Technology Corporation is believed to be accurate and reliable.
However, no responsibility is assumed for its use. Linear Technology Corporation makes no representation that the interconnection
of itsinformation
circuits as described
herein will not infringe on existing patent rights.
For more
www.linear.com/LTC2312-14
21
LTC2312-14
TYPICAL APPLICATION
Low Jitter Clock Timing with RF Sine Generator Using Clock
Squaring/Level-Shifting Circuit and Re-Timing Flip-Flop
VCC
0.1µF
50Ω
1k NC7SVU04P5X
MASTER CLOCK
VCC
1k
PRE
D
>
Q
CONV
CLR
NL17SZ74
CONTROL
LOGIC
(FPGA, CPLD,
DSP, ETC.)
SDO ENABLE
CONV
SCK
LTC2312-14
NC7SVUO4P5X
SDO
33Ω
231214 TA02
RELATED PARTS
PART NUMBER
DESCRIPTION
COMMENTS
LTC2314-14
14-Bit, 4.5Msps Serial ADC
3V/5V, 18mW/31mW, 20ppm/°C Max Internal Reference, SingleEnded, 8-Lead TSOT-23 Package
LTC2313-14
14-Bit, 2.5Msps Serial ADC
3V/5V, 14mW/25mW, 20ppm/°C Max Internal Reference,
Single-Ended Input, 8-Lead TSOT-23 Package
LTC1403A/LTC1403A-1
14-Bit, 2.8Msps Serial ADC
3V, 14mW, Unipolar/Bipolar Inputs, MSOP Package
LTC1407A/LTC1407A-1
14-Bit, 3Msps Simultaneous Sampling ADC
3V, 2-Channel Differential, Unipolar/Bipolar Inputs, 14mW,
MSOP Package
LTC2355/LTC2356
12-/14-Bit, 3.5Msps Serial ADC
3.3V Supply, Differential Inputs, 18mW, MSOP Package
LTC2365/LTC2366
12-Bit, 1Msps/3Msps Serial Sampling ADC
3.3V Supply, Single-Ended, 8mW, TSOT-23 Package
LT6200/LT6201
Single/Dual Operational Amplifiers
165MHz, 0.95nV/√Hz
LT6230/LT6231
Single/Dual Operational Amplifiers
215MHz, 3.5mA/Amplifier, 1.1nV/√Hz
LT6236/LT6237
Single/Dual Operational Amplifier with
Low Wideband Noise
215MHz, 3.5mA/Amplifier, 1.1nV/√Hz
LT1818/LT1819
Single/Dual Operational Amplifiers
400MHz, 9mA/Amplifier, 6nV/√Hz
LTC6655-2.5/LTC6655-3.3
Precision Low Drift Low Noise Buffered Reference
2.5V/3.3V, 5ppm/°C, 0.25ppm Peak-to-Peak Noise,
MSOP-8 Package
LT1461-3/LT1461-3.3V
Precision Series Voltage Family
0.05% Initial Accuracy, 3ppm Drift
ADCs
Amplifiers
References
22 Linear Technology Corporation
1630 McCarthy Blvd., Milpitas, CA 95035-7417
For more information www.linear.com/LTC2312-14
(408) 432-1900 ● FAX: (408) 434-0507
●
www.linear.com/LTC2312-14
231214fa
LT 1114 REV A • PRINTED IN USA
LINEAR TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION 2013
工商网监
湘ICP备2023018690号
