AQG22212

Automation Controls Catalog Solid State Relays AQ-G RELAYS Slim type SSR for 1 A and 2 A control FEATURES Vertical size with a maximum thickness of 4.5 mm Built-in snubber circuit prevents malfunction due to noise. Zero-cross method and Random method available High dielectric strength: 3,000 Vrms (between input and output) Safety standards • C-UL (UL508) certified • VDE (EN60950-1) reinforced insulation certified TYPICAL APPLICATIONS Household appliances such as air conditioners and dehumidifiers Healthcare and medical equipment Industrial machinery such as NC machines, mounters, injection molders, and robots Microcomputer boards Amusement and amenity related equipment ORDERING INFORMATION (PART NO.) AQG Load current 1: 1 A 2: 2 A 2 Load voltage 2: 75 to 264 Vrms Type 1: Zero-cross (3,000 V) 2: Random (3,000 V) Control voltage 05: 4 to 6 V DC 12: 9.6 to 14.4 V DC 24: 19.2 to 28.8 V DC TYPES Method Load current 1A Load voltage 75 to 264 Vrms Zero-cross 2A 1A 75 to 264 Vrms 75 to 264 Vrms Random 2A 2019.07 industrial.panasonic.com/ac/e/ 75 to 264 Vrms ー1ー Control voltage Part No. 4 to 6 V DC AQG12105 9.6 to 14.4 V DC AQG12112 19.2 to 28.8 V DC AQG12124 4 to 6 V DC AQG22105 9.6 to 14.4 V DC AQG22112 19.2 to 28.8 V DC AQG22124 4 to 6 V DC AQG12205 9.6 to 14.4 V DC AQG12212 19.2 to 28.8 V DC AQG12224 4 to 6 V DC AQG22205 9.6 to 14.4 V DC AQG22212 19.2 to 28.8 V DC AQG22224 c Panasonic Corporation 2019 Standard Packing Carton: 20 pcs. Case: 500 pcs. ASCTB23E 201907 Solid State Relays AQ-G RELAYS RATING Ratings (Ambient temperature: 20°C, Input voltage ripple: 1% or less) Zero-cross Part No. AQG12105 AQG12112 AQG12124 AQG22105 AQG22112 AQG22124 Rated voltage 5 V DC 12 V DC 24 V DC 5 V DC 12 V DC 24 V DC Control voltage 4 to 6 V DC Input side Item Input impedance (Approx.) 0.3 kΩ 9.6 to 14.4 V DC 19.2 to 28.8 V DC 0.8 kΩ 1.6 kΩ 9.6 to 14.4 V DC 19.2 to 28.8 V DC 0.3 kΩ Drop-out voltage Min. 1 V Reverse voltage 3V Max. load current*2 0.8 kΩ 1A Load voltage Load side 4 to 6 V DC Remarks 1.6 kΩ *1 2A 1 A: Ta = Max. 40°C 2 A: Ta = Max. 25°C 30 A In one cycle at 60 Hz 75 to 264 Vrms Frequency 45 to 65 Hz Non-repetitive surge current*3 8A "OFF-state" leakage current Max. 1.5 mA "ON-state" voltage drop at 60 Hz at 200 Vrms Max. 1.6 V *4 Min. load current at Max. carrying current 20 mA Random Part No. AQG12205 AQG12212 AQG12224 AQG22205 AQG22212 AQG22224 Rated voltage 5 V DC 12 V DC 24 V DC 5 V DC 12 V DC 24 V DC Control voltage 4 to 6 V DC Input side Item Input impedance (Approx.) 0.3 kΩ 9.6 to 14.4 V DC 19.2 to 28.8 V DC 0.8 kΩ 1.6 kΩ 9.6 to 14.4 V DC 19.2 to 28.8 V DC 0.3 kΩ Drop-out voltage Min. 1 V Reverse voltage 3V Max. load current*2 0.8 kΩ 1A Load voltage Load side 4 to 6 V DC Remarks 1.6 kΩ *1 2A 1 A: Ta = Max. 40°C 2 A: Ta = Max. 25°C 30 A In one cycle at 60 Hz 75 to 264 Vrms Frequency 45 to 65 Hz Non-repetitive surge current*3 8A "OFF-state" leakage current Max. 1.5 mA "ON-state" voltage drop at 60 Hz at 200 Vrms Max. 1.6 V *4 Min. load current at Max. carrying current 20 mA *1.Refer to REFERENCE DATA “3. Input current vs. input voltage characteristics”. *2.Refer to REFERENCE DATA “1. Load current vs. ambient temperature characteristics”. *3.Refer to REFERENCE DATA “2. Non-repetitive surge current vs. carrying time”. *4.When the load current is less than the rated minimum load current, please refer to “Cautions for Use of Solid State Relays”. Characteristics (Ambient temperature: 20°C, Input voltage ripple: 1% or less) Item Operate time Type Zero-cross Random Max. 1/2 cycle of voltage sine wave +1 ms Max. 1 ms Release time Remarks Max. 1/2 cycle of voltage sine wave +1 ms Insulation resistance Min. 109 Ω between input and output at 500 V DC Breakdown voltage 3,000 Vrms between input and output for 1 minute Vibration resistance 10 to 55 Hz double amplitude of 0.75 mm X, Y, Z axes Shock resistance Min. 1,000 m/s2 X, Y, Z axes Ambient temperature -30 to +80°C Non-icing and non-condensing -30 to +100°C Non-icing and non-condensing Storage temperature Operational method Zero-cross (Turn-ON and Turn-OFF) Random turn ON, zero-cross turn OFF Panasonic Corporation Electromechanical Control Business Division industrial.panasonic.com/ac/e/ ー2ー c Panasonic Corporation 2019 ASCTB23E 201907 Solid State Relays AQ-G RELAYS REFERENCE DATA 1.Load current vs. ambient temperature characteristics 2-1.Non-repetitive surge current vs. carrying time* (1A Type) 2-2.Non-repetitive surge current vs. carrying time* (2A Type) Ambient temperature: 20°C 2 A type 1.5 1 A type 1 40 Non-repetitive surge current, A Non-repetitive surge current, A 2 Load current, A Ambient temperature: 20°C 10 2.5 8 6 4 2 0.5 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 -30 0 20 40 60 80 Ambient temperature, °C 0 100 1 10 No. of cycles at 60 Hz 0 100 1 10 No. of cycles at 60 Hz 100 *The above chart shows non-repetitive maximum rating. If a surge current is applied repeatedly, please keep it approximately 50% or less than the values shown in the above graph. 4-1.Load current vs. ambient temperature 4-2.Load current vs. ambient temperature characteristics for adjacent mounting (1A Type) characteristics for adjacent mounting (2A Type) 3.Input current vs. input voltage characteristics 1.2 30 2.5 L =15 mm 1 (12 V type) (24 V type) 15 0.8 L =5 mm 0.6 10 0.4 5 0.2 0 5 10 DIMENSIONS 15 25 20 Input voltage, V 30 L =10 mm 1 L =5 mm 0.5 L L L L ＝Adjacent mounting pitch 0 -30 35 L =15 mm 1.5 0 20 40 60 80 Ambient temperature, °C 100 L L ＝Adjacent mounting pitch 0 -30 0 20 40 60 80 Ambient temperature, °C Unit: mm CAD The CAD data of the products with a “CAD” mark can be downloaded from our Website. 1A Type External dimensions CAD 4.5 max. 24.5 max. 0.8 13.5 max. 2.54 10.16 3.7 4 - 0.7 4 - 1.6 2.54 10.16 PC board pattern (BOTTOM VIEW) 7.62 100 Schematic Input − + Output 1.2 (5 V type) 2 L =10 mm Load current, A 20 Load current, A Input current, mA 25 4 - 1.0 dia. Tolerance: ± 0.1 1.2 0.25 7.62 General tolerance: ± 0.2 2A Type 4.5 max. 24.5 max. PC board pattern (BOTTOM VIEW) 0.8 20.5 max. 2.54 10.16 2.54 3.7 4 - 0.7 4 - 1.6 10.16 7.62 Schematic Input − + Output 1.2 External dimensions CAD 4 - 1.0 dia. Tolerance: ± 0.1 1.2 0.25 7.62 General tolerance: ± 0.2 Panasonic Corporation Electromechanical Control Business Division industrial.panasonic.com/ac/e/ ー3ー c Panasonic Corporation 2019 ASCTB23E 201907 Solid State Relays AQ-G RELAYS SCHEMATIC AND WIRING DIAGRAMS Output configuration Schematic 3 + Load Wiring diagram 1 Input circuit 4 3 ZC − 2 Zero-cross circuit INPUT 1 Form A + 4 AC 3 LOAD 2 1 1 Load Operation power Load power supply Input circuit 4 2 − Recommended Temperature Controllers Space saving requiring only a depth of 56 mm KT4H Temperature Controller • Data collection possible through a PLC using RS485 communication • Tool port is standard for easy data setting • Inverted LCD + backlight for good legibility with large characters • Excellent operability and rich optional control functions [Substitute part numbers] 48mm 56mm 48mm Power supply Control output Part No. 100 to 240 Vrms Non-contact voltage output AKT4H112100 Note: For detailed product information about temperature controllers, please refer to our website: URL https://industrial.panasonic.com/ac/e/ Please refer to "the latest product specifications" when designing your product. •Requests to customers: https://industrial.panasonic.com/ac/e/salespolicies/ Panasonic Corporation Electromechanical Control Business Division industrial.panasonic.com/ac/e/ ー4ー c Panasonic Corporation 2019 ASCTB23E 201907 Cautions for Use of Solid State Relays SAFETY WARNINGS  o not use the product under conditions that exceed the range of D its specifications. It may cause overheating, smoke, or fire. Do not touch the recharging unit while the power is on. There is a danger of electrical shock. Be sure to turn off the power when performing mounting, maintenance, or repair operations on the relay (including connecting parts such as the terminal board and socket). Check the connection diagrams in the catalog and be sure to connect the terminals correctly. If the device is energized with short circuit or any wrong connection, it may cause unexpected malfunction, abnormal heat or fire. Cautions for Use of Solid State Relays Derating is a significant factor for reliable design and product life. Even if the conditions of use (temperature, current, voltage, etc.) of the product are within the absolute maximum ratings, reliability may be lowered remarkably when continuously used in high load conditions (high temperature, high humidity, high current, high voltage, etc.) Therefore, please derate sufficiently below the absolute maximum ratings and evaluate the device in the actual condition. Moreover, regardless of the application, if malfunctioning can be expected to pose high risk to human life or to property, or if products are used in equipment otherwise requiring high operational safety, in addition to designing double circuits, that is, incorporating features such as a protection circuit or a redundant circuit, safety testing should also be carried out.  pplying stress that exceeds the absolute maximum　 A rating If the voltage or current value for any of the terminals exceeds the absolute maximum rating, internal elements will deteriorate because of the overvoltage or overcurrent. In extreme cases, wiring may melt, or silicon P/N junctions may be destroyed. Therefore, the circuit should be designed in such a way that the load never exceed the absolute maximum ratings, even momentarily. Noise and surge protection at the input side 1) Phototriac coupler and AQ-H If reverse surge voltages are present at the input terminals, connect a diode in reverse parallel across the input terminals and keep the reverse voltages below the reverse breakdown voltage. Typical circuits are below shown. < Phototriac coupler (6-pin)> When used for the load less than rated An SSR may malfunction if it is used below the specified load. In such an event, use a dummy resistor in parallel with the load. Ro (dummy resistor) Load power supply Type Load current 20 mA AQ1 All models 50 mA AQ8 All models 50 mA AQ-J All models 50 mA AQ-A (AC output type) 100 mA 3 SSR C 4 Emax.  hen the input terminals are connected with reverse W polarity Product name Panasonic Corporation Electromechanical Control Business Division industrial.panasonic.com/ac/e/ + − Emin. Load Specifications AQ-G All models 4 If ripple is present in the input power supply, observe the following: 1) Current-sensitive type (Phototriac Coupler, AQ-H) (1) For LED forward current at Emin, please maintain the value mentioned at “Recommended input current.” (2) Please make sure the LED forward current for Emax. is no higher than 50 mA. 2) Voltage-sensitive type (AQ-G, AQ1, AQ8, AQ-J, AQ-A) (1) The Emin. should exceed the minimum rated control voltage (2) The Emax. should not exceed the maximum rated control voltage Do not short circuit between terminals when device is energized, since there is possibility of breaking of the internal IC. 2 3 Ripple in the input power supply Short across terminals Load 5 Design in accordance with the recommended operating conditions for each product. Since these conditions are affected by the operating environment, ensure conformance with all relevant specifications. 1) Phototriac coupler The No. 3 terminal is used with the circuit inside the device. Therefore, do not connect it to the external circuitry. (6 pins) 2) AQ-H The No. 5 terminal is connected to the gate. Do not directly connect No. 5 and 6 terminals. 1 2  ecommended input current of Phototriac coupler and R AQ-H Unused terminals SSR 6 R Phototriac coupler The phototriac coupler is designed solely to drive a triac. As a condition, the triac must be powered beforehand. 1 2) SSR A high noise surge voltage applied to the SSR input circuit can cause malfunction or permanent damage to the device. If such a high surge is anticipated, use C or R noise absorber in the input circuit. Typical circuits are below shown Control voltage source Derating design ー5ー If the polarity of the input control voltage is reversed AQ1, AQ-J, AQ-A (AC) Reversing the polarity will not cause damage to the device, due to the presence of a protection diode, but the device will not operate. AQ-H, AQ-G, AQ8, AQ-A (DC) Reversing the polarity may cause permanent damage to the device. Take special care to avoid polarity reversal or use a protection diode in the input circuit. Panasonic Corporation 2020 ASCTB400E 202003 Cautions for Use of Solid State Relays Noise and surge protection at the output side 1) Phototriac coupler and AQ-H The figure below shows an ordinary triac drive circuit. Please add a snubber circuit or varistor, as noise/surge on the load side could damage the unit or cause malfunctions. Typical circuits are shown below. 1 Load 4 U 2 3 1 Note: Applies to unit area ultrasonic output for ultrasonic baths Load 6 1) When different kinds of packages are mounted on PC board, temperature rise at soldering lead is highly dependent on package size. Therefore, please set the lower temperature soldering condition than the conditions of item “14. Soldering”, and confirm the temperature condition of actual usage before soldering. 2) When mounting condition exceeds our recommendation, the device characteristics may be adversely affected. It may occur package crack or bonding wire breaking because of thermal expansion unconformity and resin strength reduction. Please contact our sales office about the propriety of the condition. 3) Please confirm the heat stress by using actual board because it may be changed by board condition or manufacturing process condition 4) Solder creepage, wettability, or soldering strength will be affected by the mounting condition or used soldering type. Please check them under the actual production condition in detail. 5) Please apply coating when the device returns to a room temperature. U 4 1 8 Load 2 U 3 6 4 5 Note: Connection of an external resister, etc., to terminal No. 5 (gate) is not necessary. 1 Load power supply 2) SSR (1) AC output type A high noise surge voltage applied to the SSR load circuit can cause malfunction or permanent damage to the device. If such a high surge is anticipated, use a varistor across the SSR output. SSR Load V 2 Cleaning the solder flux should use the immersion washing with an organic solvent. If you have to use ultrasonic cleaning, please adopt the following conditions and check that there are no problems in the actual usage. Frequency : 27 to 29kHz Ultrasonic output: No greater than 0.25W/cm2 (Note) Cleaning time : 30s or less Cleanser used : Asahiklin AK-225 Others :F  loat PC board and the device in the cleaning solvent to prevent from contacting the ultrasonic vibrator. Notes for mounting (for PC board mounting type) 2 3 Cleaning (for PC board mounting type) Varistor Load SSR V Load Load power supply SSR Load power supply (2) DC output type If an inductive load generates spike voltages which exceed the absolute maximum rating, the spike voltage must be limited. Typical circuits are shown below. 3) Clamp diode and snubber circuit can limit spike voltages at the load side. However, long wires may cause spike voltages due to inductance. It is recommended to keep wires as short as possible to minimize inductance. 4) Output terminals may become conductive although the input power is not applied, when a sudden voltage rise is applied to it even when the relay is off. This may occur even if voltage rise between terminals is less than the repetitive peak OFF-state voltage. Therefore, please perform sufficient tests with actual conditions. 5) When controlling loads in which the voltage and current phases differ, a sudden voltage rise is applied during turnoff, and the triac sometimes does not turn off. Please conduct sufficient tests using actual equipment. 6) When controlling loads using zero-cross voltage types in which the voltage and current phases differ, the triac sometimes does not turn on regardless of the input state, so please conduct sufficient tests using actual equipment. Panasonic Corporation Electromechanical Control Business Division industrial.panasonic.com/ac/e/ ー6ー Panasonic Corporation 2020 ASCTB400E 202003 Cautions for Use of Solid State Relays Soldering Transportation and storage 1) When soldering surface-mount terminals, the following conditions are recommended. (1) IR (Infrared reflow) soldering method (Recommended condition reflow: Max. 2 times, measurement point: soldering lead) t3 T3 T1 = 150 to 180°C T2 = 230°C T3 = 240 to 250°C t1 = 60 to 120 s t2 = Within 30 s t3 = Within 10 s T2 T1 t1 t2 (2) Other soldering methods Other soldering methods (VPS, hot-air, hot plate, laser heating, pulse heater, etc.) affect the relay characteristics differently, please evaluate the device under the actual usage. (3) Soldering iron method Tip temperature: 350 to 400 °C Wattage : 30 to 60 W Soldering time : within 3 s 2) When soldering standard PC board terminals, the following conditions are recommended. (1) DWS soldering method (Recommended condition number of times: Max. 1 time, measurement point: soldering lead *1) T2 T1 = 120°C T2 = Max. 260°C t1 = within 60 s t2+t3 = within 5 s T1 t1 t2 t3 *1 Solder temperature: Max. 260 °C 1) Extreme vibration during transport may deform the lead or damage the device characteristics. Please handle the outer and inner boxes with care. 2) Inadequate storage condition may degrade soldering, appearance, and characteristics. The following storage conditions are recommended: Temperature: 0 to 45 °C Humidity: Max. 70%RH Atmosphere: No harmful gasses such as sulfurous acid gas, minimal dust. 3) Storage of Phototriac coupler (SOP type) In case the heat stress of soldering is applied to the device which absorbs moisture inside of its package, the evaporation of the moisture increases the pressure inside the package and it may cause the package blister or crack. This device is sensitive to moisture and it is packed in the sealed moisture-proof package. Please make sure the following condition after unsealing. Please use the device immediately after unsealing. (Within 30 days at 0 to 45 °C and Max. 70%RH) If the device will be kept for a long time after unsealing, please store in the another moisture-proof package containing silica gel. (Please use within 90 days.) Water condensation Water condensation occurs when the ambient temperature changes suddenly from a high temperature to low temperature at high humidity, or the device is suddenly transferred from a low ambient temperature to a high temperature and humidity. Condensation causes the failures such as insulation deterioration. Panasonic Corporation does not guarantee the failures caused by water condensation. The heat conduction by the equipment the SSR is mounted may accelerate the water condensation. Please confirm that there is no condensation in the worst condition of the actual usage. (Special attention should be paid when high temperature heating parts are close to the SSR.) (2) Other dip soldering method (recommended condition: 1 time) Preheating: Max. 120 °C, within 120 s, measurement point: soldering lead Soldering: Max. 260 °C, within 5 s*, measurement area: soldering temperature *Phototriac coupler and AQ-H: within 10 s (3) Manual soldering method Tip temperature: 350 to 400°C Wattage: 30 to 60 W Soldering time: within 3 s We recommend one with an alloy composition of Sn3.0Ag0.5Cu. Others 1) If an SSR is used in close proximity to another SSR or heat-generating device, its ambient temperature may exceed the allowable level. Carefully plan SSR layout and ventilation. 2) Terminal connections should be made by referring to the associated wiring diagram. 3) For higher reliability, check device quality under actual operating conditions. 4) To prevent the danger of electrocution, turn off the power supply when performing maintenance. Although AQ-A (DC output type) is constructed with insulation for the input/ output terminals and the rear aluminum plate, the insulation between the input/output and the rear aluminum plate is not UL approved. Panasonic Corporation Electromechanical Control Business Division industrial.panasonic.com/ac/e/ ー7ー Panasonic Corporation 2020 ASCTB400E 202003 Cautions for Use of Solid State Relays The following shows the packaging format 1) Tape and reel (Phototriac coupler) Tape dimensions (Unit: mm) 1.75±0.1 Device mounted on tape 1.55±0.1dia. 4±0.1 2±0.1 2.8±0.3 12±0.1 2±0.5 80 ±1 dia. 5.5±0.1 7.2±0.1 (1) When picked from 1/2-pin side: Part No. APT****SX (Shown above) (2) When picked from 3/4-pin side: Part No. APT****SZ *Quality of material: Paper 14±1.5 13 ±0.5dia. 250 ±2dia. SO package 4-pin type 1.55±0.05dia. 21±0.8 80 ±1dia. 12±0.3 0.3±0.05 Direction of picking Tractor feed holes Dimensions of paper tape reel (Unit: mm) 4.7±0.1 Type 2 ±0.5 (1) When picked from 1/2-pin side: Part No. APT****AX (2) When picked from 3/4-pin side: Part No. APT****AZ *Quality of material: Paper 2±0.5 21±0.8 80 ±1dia. 1.75 Tractor feed holes 1.5 +0.1 - 0 dia. 13.5±2.0 13±0.5dia. ±0.1 Direction of picking 0.3 ±0.05 80 ±1dia. 1.55±0.1dia. 2±0.1 300 ±2 dia. 12±0.1 4.2±0.3 12 Device mounted on tape 2±0.5 ±0.3 10.2±0.1 ±0.1 4 1.5+0.1 ｰ0 dia. 5.5 DIP 4-pin type Direction of picking Tractor feed holes ±0.1 5.25±0.1 0.3±0.05 1.75±0.1 21±0.8 80 ±1dia. 10.1 ±0.1 12 ±0.1 4.5 ±0.3 4 ±0.1 300 dia. ±2 1.6 ±0.1 dia. 2 ±0.1 (1) When picked from 1/2/3-pin side: Part No. APT****AX (2) When picked from 4/5/6-pin side: Part No. APT****AZ Direction of picking 4.3 ±0.3 12.0 ±0.1 2.0±0.1 2±0.5 1.6 ±0.1 dia. (1) When picked from 1/6-pin side: Part No. APT****WAY (2) When picked from 3/4-pin side: Part No. APT****WAW Panasonic Corporation Electromechanical Control Business Division industrial.panasonic.com/ac/e/ 24.0 ±0.3 11.5 12.1 ±0.1 Device mounted on tape 2±0.5 100±1dia. 330±2 dia. 9.2 ±0.1 17.5±2 21±0.8 100±1dia. 1.75 4.0 ±0.1 13 ±0.5dia. ±0.1 Tractor feed holes 1.5 +0.1 - 0 dia. *Quality of material: Paper ±0.1 0.35 ±0.05 DIP 6-pin wide terminal type 80±1dia. 16 Device mounted on tape ±0.3 9.2 ±0.1 DIP 6-pin type 7.5 ±0.1 2±0.5 ー8ー *Quality of material: Paper 13 ±0.5dia. Panasonic Corporation 2020 25.5±2 1.7±0.8 ASCTB400E 202003 Cautions for Use of Solid State Relays 2) Tape and reel (AQ-H) Tape dimensions (Unit: mm) Dimensions of paper tape reel (Unit: mm) 4.5 ±0.3 80±1dia. 2 ±0.1 1.55 ±0.1dia. (1) When picked from 1/2/3/4-pin side: Part No. AQH****AX (Shown above) (2) When picked from 5/6/8-pin side: Part No. AQH****AZ *Quality of material: Paper 13 ±0.5dia. 17.5±2 300±2dia. 12 ±0.1 2±0.5 ±0.3 10.1±0.1 Device mounted on tape 21±0.8 80 ±1dia. 16 8-pin SMD type 4 10.2 ±0.1 0.3 ±0.05 ±0.1 1.75 ±0.1 Direction of picking Tractor feed holes 1.5 +0.1 - 0 dia. 7.5 ±0.1 Type 2±0.5 3) Tube Phototriac coupler and AQ-H SSR are packaged in a tube as pin No. 1 is on the stopper B side. Observe correct orientation when mounting them on PC boards. Stopper B (green) Stopper A (gray) Stopper B Stopper A Panasonic Corporation Electromechanical Control Business Division industrial.panasonic.com/ac/e/ ー9ー Panasonic Corporation 2020 ASCTB400E 202003 Cautions for Use of Solid State Relays Snubber Circuit Reduce dv/dt If there is no resistance R (the resistance R controls the discharge current from condenser C), at turn-on of the SSR, there will be a sharp rise in dv/dt and the high peak value discharge current will begin to flow. This may cause damage to the internal elements of the SSR. Therefore, it is always necessary to insert a resistance R. In normal applications, for the 100 V line, have R = 10 to 100 Ω and for the 200 V line, have R = 20 to 100 Ω. (The allowable discharge current at turn on will differ depending on the internal elements of the SSR.) The power loss from R, written as P, caused by the discharge current and charging current from C, is shown in formula ③ below. For the 100 V line, use a power of 1/2 W, and for the 200 V line, use a power above 2 W. An SSR used with an inductive load can accidentally fire due to a high load voltage rise rate (dv/dt), even though the load voltage is below the allowable level (inductive load firing). Our SSRs contain a snubber circuit designed to reduce dv/dt (except AQ-H). Selecting the snubber constants 1) C selection The charging coefficient tau for C of the SSR circuit is shown in formula ① τ=(RL+R) × C ------------① By setting formula ① so that it is below dv/dt value you have: C=0.632VA/[(dv/dt) (RL+R)] -----② By setting C = 0.1 to 0.2 μF, dv/dt can be controlled to between nV/μs and n+V/μs or lower. For the condenser, use either an MP condenser metallized polyester film. For the 100 V line, use a voltage between 250 and 400 V, and for the 200 V line, use a voltage between 400 and 600 V. 2) R selection RL 1 Inductive load R 2 VA C Also, at turn-off of the SSR, a ringing circuit is formed with the capacitor C and the circuit inductance L, and a spike voltage is generated at both terminals of the SSR. The resistance R serves as a control resistance to prevent this ringing. Moreover, a good non-inductive resistance for R is required. Carbon film resistors or metal film resistors are often used. For general applications, the recommended values are C = 0.1 μF and R = 20 to 100 Ω. There are cases of resonance in the inductive load, so the appropriate care must be taken when making your selections. Load power supply SSR C×VA2×f ………③ 2 f＝Power supply frequency P＝ Snubber circuit Thermal Design SSRs used in high-reliability equipment require careful thermal design. Table 1 Dedicated on-board heat sinks In particular, junction temperature control has a significant effect on device function and life time. The rated load current for PC boardmounting SSRs is defined as the maximum current allowable at an Type Heat sink Load current AQ10A2-ZT4/32VDC AQ1802 AQP810* AQP813 AQP812* AQP810* AQP813 AQP812* AQP810* AQP813 AQP812* AQP815 AQP813 AQP812* AQP814 AQP813 AQP812* AQP813 AQP812* AQP814 AQP815 AQP812* 10A AQP815 10A AQP812* 30A AQ-J (10A) ambient temperature of 40 °C (30 °C) and under natural cooling. If the ambient temperature exceeds the SSRs derating temperature point [40 AQ-J (15A) °C (30 °C)], load current derating in accordance with the load current vs temperature diagram becomes necessary. If adjacent devices act as heat sources, the SSR should be located more than 10 mm away AQ-J (25A) from those devices. SSRs with a 5 A rating or more must be used with the dedicated heat AQ-A (15A) sinks listed in Table 1 or equivalents. To ensure adequate thermal conduction, apply thermal conductive compound (Ex. Momentive AQ-A (25A) Performance Materials Inc. YG6111 or TSK5303) to the SSR’s mounting surface. For information on external heat sinks for our SSRs AQ-A (40A) and their mounting method, refer to “Data and Cautions for Use for respective relay”. AQ-A DC (10A) AQ-A DC (30A) 10A 15A 20A 25A 15A 25A 30A 40A 8A * It is possible to mounting on the DIN rail Panasonic Corporation Electromechanical Control Business Division industrial.panasonic.com/ac/e/ ー 10 ー Panasonic Corporation 2020 ASCTB400E 202003 Cautions for Use of Solid State Relays Protection Circuit 2) Suppress transient spikes Use a switching device in the secondary circuit of a transformer or use a switch with a slow opening speed. 3) Use a surge absorption circuit Use a CR surge absorber or varistor across the load power supply or SSR. Special care must be taken so power on/off surges or external surges do not exceed the device’s rated load voltage. If a surge voltage exceeding the device’s rated voltage is anticipated, use a surge absorption device and circuit (e.g. a ZNR from Panasonic Corporation). High-reliability SSR circuits require an adequate protection circuit, as well as careful study of the characteristics and maximum ratings of the device. Over-Voltage Protection The SSR load power supply requires adequate protection against over-voltage errors from various causes. The methods of overvoltage protection include the following: 1) Use devices with a guaranteed reverse surge withstand voltage (controlled avalanche devices, etc.) Choosing the rated voltage of the ZNR (1) Peak supply voltage (2) Supply voltage variation (3) Degradation of ZNR characteristic (1 mA ±10%) (4) Tolerance of rated voltage (±10%) For application to 100 V AC lines, choose a ZNR with the following rated voltage: (1) × (2) × (3) × (4) = (100 × √2) × 1.1 × 1.1 × 1.1 = 188 (V) Example of ZNR (Panasonic) Varistor voltage V1mA (V) ACrms (V) DC (V) V50A (V) ERZV14D201 200 (185 to 225) 130 170 340 ERZV14D221 220 (198 to 242) 140 180 ERZV14D241 240 (216 to 264) 150 ERZV14D271 270 (247 to 303) ERZV14D361 360 (324 to 396) ERZV14D391 Max. allowable circuit voltage (10/1000µs) (2ms) (W) (J) (J) (A) (A) @1KHz (pF) 0.6 70 50 6,000 5,000 770 360 0.6 78 55 6,000 5,000 740 200 395 0.6 84 60 6,000 5,000 700 175 225 455 0.6 99 70 6,000 5,000 640 230 300 595 0.6 130 90 6,000 4,500 540 390 (351 to 429) 250 320 650 0.6 140 100 6,000 4,500 500 ERZV14D431 430 (387 to 473) 275 350 710 0.6 155 110 6,000 4,500 450 ERZV14D471 470 (423 to 517) 300 385 775 0.6 175 125 6,000 4,500 400 ERZV14D621 620 (558 to 682) 385 505 1,025 0.6 190 136 5,000 4,500 330 ERZV14D681 680 (612 to 748) 420 560 1,120 0.6 190 136 5,000 4,500 320 0.8 dia. W L D : 17.5 dia. max. T : 6.5 max. H : 20.5 max. W : 7.5 ±1 (Unit: mm) 1,000 100 AQ-A (15 A type) NHR15 (fuse 15 A) NHR10 (fuse 10 A) (A peak) Panasonic Corporation Electromechanical Control Business Division industrial.panasonic.com/ac/e/ T D Example of executing fuse selection of over-current protection cooperation Fuse cut-off current Surge ON current Over-Current Protection An SSR circuit operated without overcurrent protection may result in damage to the device. Design the circuit so the device’s rated junction temperature is not exceeded for a continuous overload current. (e.g. Surge current into a motor or light bulb) The surge-on current rating applies to over-current errors which occur less than several tens of times during the service life of a semiconductor device. A protection coordination device is required for this rating. Methods of over-current protection include the following: 1) Suppressing over-currents Use a current limiting reactor in series with the load power supply. 2) Use a current shut-off device Use a current limiting fuse or circuit breaker in series with the load power supply. 1time Electrostatic capacitance (8/20µs) (Reference) 2time 20 min Types Withstanding surge current Withstanding energy H Max. average pulse electric power 3 max Max. control voltage ー 11 ー 10 1 10 100 No. of cycles at 60Hz Panasonic Corporation 2020 1,000 ASCTB400E 202003 Cautions for Use of Solid State Relays Load Type Description Heaters (Resistive load) Solenoids The SSR is best suited to resistive loads. Noise levels can be drastically lowered with zero-crossing switching. Lamps Tungsten or halogen lamps draw a high inrush current when turned on (approximately 7 to 8 times the steady state current for zerocrossing SSRs; approximately 9 to 12 times, in the worst case, for random type SSRs). Choose an SSR so the peak of the inrush current does not exceed 50% of the SSR surgeon current. Motors load Dummy resistor When starting, an electric motor draws a symmetrical AC starting current some 5 to 8 times the steady-state load current, superimposed on a DC current. The starting time during which this high starting current is sustained depends on the capacities of the load and load power supply. Measure the starting current and time under the motor’s actual operating conditions and choose an SSR so the peak of the starting current does not exceed 50% of the SSR surge-on current. When the motor load is deactivated, a voltage exceeding the load supply voltage is applied to the SSR due to counter-EMF. This voltage is approximately 1.3 times the load supply voltage for induction motors, and approximately 2 times that for synchronous motors. Reversible motor control When the direction of motor rotation is reversed, the transient current and time required for the reversal far exceed those required for simple starting. The reversing current and time should also be measured under actual operating conditions. For a capacitor-starting, single-phase induction motor, a capacitive discharge current appears during the reversal process. Be sure to use a current limiting resistor or reactor in series with the SSR. Also, the SSR should have a high marginal voltage rating, since a voltage twice as high as the load supply voltage develops across the SSR in the reversal process. For reversible motor control, carefully design the driver circuit so the forward and reverse SSRs do not turn on at the same time. Panasonic Corporation Electromechanical Control Business Division industrial.panasonic.com/ac/e/ AC-driven solenoid contactors or solenoid valves also draw inrush current when they are activated. Choose an SSR such that the peak of the inrush current does not exceed 50% of the SSR surgeon current. For small solenoid valves and AC relays in particular, a leakage current may cause the load to malfunction after the SSR turns off. In such an event, use a dummy resistor in parallel with the load. Using an SSR below the specified load ー 12 ー Load SSR Output Load power supply Capacitive load A capacitive load (switching regulator, etc.) draws an inrush current to charge the load capacitor when the SSR turns on. Choose an SSR so the peak of the inrush current does not exceed 50% of the SSR surge-on current. A timing error of up to one cycle can occur when a switch used in series with the SSR is opened or closed. If this is a problem, use an inductor (200 to 500 μH) in series to the SSR to suppress dv/dt error. Other electronic equipment In general, electronic equipment uses line filters in the primary supply circuit. The capacitors used in the line filters may cause the SSR to malfunction due to dv/dt turn on when the equipment is turned on or off. In such an event, use an inductor (200 to 500 μH) in series with the SSR to suppress dv/dt turn on. Panasonic Corporation 2020 ASCTB400E 202003 Cautions for Use of Solid State Relays Load Inrush Current Wave and Time (1) Incandescent Lamp Load (2) Mercury Lamp Load i/i0≒3 times (3) Fluorescent Lamp Load i/i0≒5 to 10 times Contacts io i L io i C io i (for high power factor type) Incandescent lamp Approx. 1/3 second Inrush current/rated current: i/i0≒10 to 15 times The discharge tube, transformer, choke coil, capacitor, etc., are combined in common discharge lamp circuits. Note that the inrush current may be 20 to 40 times, especially if the power supply impedance is low in the high power factor type. (4) Motor Load i/i0≒5 to 10 times (5) Solenoid Load i/i0≒10 to 20 times io i 10 seconds or less 3 to 5 minutes i (7) Capacitive Load i/i0≒20 to 40 times (6) Electromagnetic Contact Load i/i0≒3 to 10 times io i io Free Lock Load 0.2 to 0.5 second Steady Starting state Braking • Conditions become more harsh if plugging or inching is performed since state transitions are repeated. • When using a relay to control a DC motor and brake, the on time inrush current, steady-state current and off time brake current differ depending on whether the load to the motor is free or locked. In particular, with non-polarized relays, when using from B contact of from contact for the DC motor brake, mechanical life might be affected by the brake current. Therefore, please verify current at the actual load. i 0.07 to 0.1 second 1 to 2 cycles (1/60 to 1/30 seconds) Note that since inductance is great, the arc lasts longer when power is cut. The contact may become easily worn. 1/2 to 2 cycles (1/120 to 1/30 seconds) Panasonic Corporation Electromechanical Control Business Division industrial.panasonic.com/ac/e/ io ー 13 ー Panasonic Corporation 2020 ASCTB400E 202003 Cautions for Use of Solid State Relays SSR Driving Circuits NPN Transistor Driver Load Load power supply Load power supply Load 1 2 PNP Transistor Driver 1 2 +Vcc 3 + 4 − Relay contacts 1 2 SSR SSR SSR +Vcc Load Load power supply Relay Driver 3 + 4 − +Vcc 4 − C-MOS/IC Driver Load Load Load power supply 1 1 2 2 3 + 4 − Load 1 SSR SSR +Vcc (2) SSR fires when IC output is LOW: Load power supply (1) SSR fires when IC output is HIGH: Load power supply + PNP Transistor NPN Transistor TTL/DTL/IC Driver 3 +Vcc 3 + 4 − 2 +Vcc SSR 3 + 4 − TTL, DTL, IC C-MOS IC Relay Driver C-MOS IC NPN Transistor Driver Vcc 3 + 1 R Load ZNR SSR U 3 Load power supply + 1 Load SW SSR 4 − A U 2 C B ZNR 4 − Load power supply 2 Terminal A: ON input pulse Terminal B: OFF input pulse Phototriac Coupler, AQ-H Solid State Relay Driving Circuits *Phototriac coupler and AQ-H is current driving type NPN Transistor Driver (2) AQ-H Solid State Relay 1 + +Vcc 2 4 Load 2 − + 8 Load Load power supply +Vcc 3 3 − Load power supply (1) Phototriac Coupler 6 NPN Transistor NPN Transistor Please refer to "the latest product specifications" when designing your product. •Requests to customers: https://industrial.panasonic.com/ac/e/salespolicies/ Panasonic Corporation Electromechanical Control Business Division industrial.panasonic.com/ac/e/ ー 14 ー Panasonic Corporation 2020 ASCTB400E 202003 Please contact .......... Electromechanical Control Business Division 1006, Oaza Kadoma, Kadoma-shi, Osaka 571-8506, Japan industral.panasonic.com/ac/e/ ©Panasonic Corporation 2020 ASCTB23E 202003 Specifications are subject to change without notice.