FCM8202
3-Phase Sinusoidal Brushless DC Motor Controller
Features
Description
Supports Space Vector Modulation (SVM)
FCM8202 is a three-phase sinusoidal Brushless DC
(BLDC) motor or Permanent Magnet Synchronous
Motor (PMSM) controller. It comes with the advanced
Hall sensor design. Using the Hall sensor signals, the
control system is able to execute the PWM commutation
by switching the three-phase inverter. There are two
PWM modes: Sine-Wave Mode and Square-Wave
Mode. The Square-Wave Mode includes PWM-PWM
and PWM-ON approaches to improve the efficiency of
the motor drive.
Three Levels of Over-Current Protections (OCP)
Supports Sine-Wave & Square-Wave Solutions
Built-in Clock Generator
Built-in Error Amplifier for Torque Loop Control
Direct Duty Control
Square-Wave 120°, Sine-Wave 180° Turn-on
PLL Angle Detection (Hall Sensors)
Current Leading Phase Correction
Two Selectable Dead Times
Synchronous Rectifying
Over-Voltage and Under-Voltage Protections
Complete protection functions including over-voltage,
over-current,
over-temperature,
and
short-circuit
protections prevent the control circuits and the motor
from being damaged, particularly under stressed
applications and demanding environments.
Motor and Power Transistors for Over-Voltage
Protections (OVP)
Adjustable OC Timer
Over-Temperature Protection (OTP)
Applications
BLDC Motor or PMSM Control
Low Noise Motor Applications
Fan, Pump, Tools, etc.
Ordering Information
Part Number
Operating
Temperature Range
FCM8202QY
-40°C to 125°C
© 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.2
Package
32-Lead, LQFP, JEDEC MS-026, Variation BBA,
7 mm Square
Packing
Method
Tray
www.fairchildsemi.com
FCM8202 — 3-Phase Sinusoidal Brushless DC Motor Controller
March 2013
FCM8202 — 3-Phase Sinusoidal Brushless DC Motor Controller
Typical Application Circuit
Figure 1. Typical Application Circuit
Block Diagram
Figure 2. System Block Diagram
© 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.2
www.fairchildsemi.com
2
F- Fairchild Logo
Z- Plant Code
X- 1-Digit Year Code
Y- 1-Digit Week Code
TT: 2-Digit Die Run Code
T: Package Type (Q=LQFP)
P: Y=Green Package
M: Die Run Code
Figure 3. Top Mark
Pin Configuration
Figure 4. Pin Configuration
© 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.2
www.fairchildsemi.com
3
FCM8202 — 3-Phase Sinusoidal Brushless DC Motor Controller
Marking Information
Pin #
Name
Description
1
HOVP
2
HA
Hall A Sensor Input. Phase-U magnetic field detection.
3
HB
Hall B Sensor Input. Phase-V magnetic field detection.
4
HC
Hall C Sensor Input. Phase-W magnetic field detection.
5
CW/CCW
Direction Control Input. This pin has a 200 kΩ internal pull-up. HIGH: CW, LOW: CCW.
6
FREE/nST
Free and Start Control Input. This pin has a 200 kΩ internal pull-up. HIGH: Free, LOW: Start.
7
APRS
8
DTS
9
FO
10
DGND
Digital Ground
11
VOUT
Voltage Regulator Output. A 0.1 µF (minimum) capacitor should be connected between this
pin and ground.
12
IP
13
OPO
14
IN
Motor Drive Over-Voltage Protection Output. Can be connected to an external power
transistor for discharging the Back-EMF.
Angle Predict Range Selection Input. This pin has a 200 kΩ internal pull-up. LOW: 0.8 ~
80 Hz, HIGH: 3.2 ~ 320 Hz Hall Frequency.
Dead-Time Selection Input. This pin has a 200 kΩ internal pull-up. LOW: 3 µs, HIGH: 4 µs.
Revolution Pulse Output. Pulses per revolution = motor poles ÷ 2 × 3.
Positive Input of Torque Error Amplifier
Output of Torque Error Amplifier
Negative Input of Torque Error Amplifier
15
I_FB
16
DUTY
Current Feedback Output
PWM Duty Control Input. Designed to directly control the PWM duty cycle.
17
R_CLK
External Resistor of Clock Generator. Designed for determining the frequency of internal clock
generator.
18
AGND
Analog Ground
19
I_IN
Current Feedback Input
20
AS
Angle Shift Input. Designed for correcting the lead angle of PWM output signals. The range is
from 0° to 60° related to the induced magnetic voltage.
21
VSENSE
Motor Drive Voltage-Sensing Resistor. Designed for determining the voltage level of overvoltage protections.
22
RT
Thermistor Voltage Input. Connect to a Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) thermistor
for the over-temperature protection.
23
OC_TMR
Overload Time-Out Programmable Input. Connect to a capacitor for determining the time
delay of overload protection.
24
nFAULT
Fault Flag. Open-drain output, LOW: system failure.
25
VPP
26
Z
PWM Output of W-Phase, Low-Side
27
W
PWM Output of W-Phase, High-Side
28
Y
PWM Output of V-Phase, Low-Side
29
V
PWM Output of V-Phase, High-Side
30
X
PWM Output of U-Phase, Low-Side
31
U
PWM Output of U-Phase, High-Side
32
PGND
Supply Voltage Input
High-Voltage Ground
© 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.2
www.fairchildsemi.com
4
FCM8202 — 3-Phase Sinusoidal Brushless DC Motor Controller
Pin Definitions
Stresses exceeding the absolute maximum ratings may damage the device. The device may not function or be
operable above the recommended operating conditions and stressing the parts to these levels is not recommended.
In addition, extended exposure to stresses above the recommended operating conditions may affect device reliability.
The absolute maximum ratings are stress ratings only.
Symbol
Parameter
VPP
Supply Voltage
θJA
Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-ambient
θJC
Thermal Resistance, Junction-to-case
TJ
Junction Temperature
ESD
Electrostatic Discharge
Protection Level
Min.
Max.
Unit
0
30
V
82
°C/W
29
°C/W
+150
°C
Human Body Model, JESD22-A114
2.50
Charged Device Model, JESD22-C101
1.25
kV
Recommended Operating Conditions
The Recommended Operating Conditions table defines the conditions for actual device operation. Recommended
operating conditions are specified to ensure optimal performance to the datasheet specifications. Fairchild does not
recommend exceeding them or designing to Absolute Maximum Ratings.
Symbol
Parameter
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Unit
+125
°C
TA
Operating Ambient Temperature
-40
VPP
Supply Voltage
10
12
17
V
fSYS
System Clock
0.96
1.28
1.92
MHz
R_CLK
RI_IN
Clock Generator External Resistor
12
kΩ
I_IN Bias Resistor
10
kΩ
© 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.2
www.fairchildsemi.com
5
FCM8202 — 3-Phase Sinusoidal Brushless DC Motor Controller
Absolute Maximum Ratings
VPP = 12 V and TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted.
Symbol
Parameter
Conditions
Min. Typ. Max. Units
VPP Section
VPP_ON
Turn-On Threshold Voltage
8.5
9.0
9.5
V
VPP_OFF
Turn-Off Threshold Voltage
7.5
8.0
8.5
V
VPP = 12 V, fSYS = 1.28 MHz
4.0
5.0
6.5
mA
5.0
5.2
5.5
V
10
mA
IDD_OP
Operating Supply Current
Voltage Regulator Section
VVOUT
Regulator Output Voltage
Output Current 5 mA
IVOUT
Regulator Output Current
VVOUT = 5.2 V
CVOUT
Regulator External Capacitor
0.1
µF
4.0
V
Digital I/O Section
VIH_HALL
VIL_HALL
Hall Signals Input High-Level
Hall Signals Input Low-Level
VHYS_HALL
Hall Signals Hysteresis Voltage
tDEB_HALL
Hall Signals De-bounce Time
RDIO_UP
Digital I/O Internal Pull High Resistor
2.0
2.5
1.0
V
3.0
V
5
150
200
µs
250
kΩ
High-Voltage I/O Section
VOH_PWM
PWM Signals Output High-Level
(U/V/W/X/Y/Z)
VPP = 12 V, IO = 4 mA
VOL_PWM
PWM Signals Output Low-Level
(U/V/W/X/Y/Z)
VPP = 12 V, IO = 4 mA
VOH_HOVP
HOVP Output High-Level
VPP = 12 V, IO = 1 mA
VOL_HOVP
HOVP Output Low-Level
VPP = 12 V, IO = 1 mA
10
9.0
V
9.7
1
V
10.0
V
1
V
4.6
V
PWM Control Section
VFD
Full Duty Voltage of DUTY Pin
VZD
Zero Duty Voltage of DUTY Pin
tPWM_MIN
4.0
4.3
0.7
V
PWM Minimum On Time
R_CLK = 12 kΩ
tDEAD0
PWM Dead Time 3 µs
DTS = LOW
2.15
2.88
3.45
µs
tDEAD1
PWM Dead Time 4 µs
DTS = HIGH
3.35
3.91
4.65
µs
PWM Frequency 20 kHz
R_CLK = 12 kΩ
fPWM_20K
ISOURCE_OPO
ISINK_OPO
AvERR
GBWERR
1
µs
18.5
20.0
21.5
kHz
IP = 5 V, IN = 0 V,
Current Source Capability of OPO Pin
OPO = 0 V
4.0
5.0
6.0
mA
IP = 0 V, IN = 5 V,
OPO = 5 V
-4.0
-5.0
-6.0
mA
Current Sink Capability of OPO Pin
Gain of Torque Error Amplifier
60
dB
Unit-Gain Bandwidth of Torque Error
Amplifier
10
MHz
Sine Wave PWM Generator
VSIN_ENA
Sine Wave Enable Threshold of DUTY
Pin
0.75
V
VSIN_DIS
Sine Wave Disable Threshold of
DUTY Pin
0.65
V
tSIN_ENA
Sine Wave Enable Debounce Time
1
ms
tSIN_DIS
Sine Wave Disable Debounce Time
100
ms
Continued on the following page...
© 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.2
www.fairchildsemi.com
6
FCM8202 — 3-Phase Sinusoidal Brushless DC Motor Controller
Electrical Characteristics
VPP = 12 V and TA = 25°C unless otherwise noted.
Symbol
Parameter
Condition
Min. Typ. Max.
Unit
Over-Current Protection Section
VOCP_SH
Short-Circuit Current Protection
Threshold Voltage
2.5
V
VOCP_CYC
Cycle-by-Cycle Current Protection
Threshold Voltage
1.5
V
VOCP_OL
Overload Current Protection
Threshold Voltage
1.4
V
VOC_TMR
OC_TMR Threshold Voltage
2.5
V
ITMR_CHG
OC_TMR Charge Current
OC_TMR = 0 V
30
40
50
µA
ITMR_DIS
OC_TMR Discharge Current
OC_TMR = 5 V
5
10
15
µA
IBIAS_I_IN
Bias Current of I_IN
RI_IN = 10 kΩ
40
50
60
µA
IO_I_FB
I_FB Output Current
GI_FB
I_FB Output Gain
0.5
mA
8
Over- / Under-Voltage Protection (OVP/UVP) Section
VOV_VPP
System OVP Threshold Voltage
18
V
VOV_VPP_RLS
System OVP Release Voltage
17
V
tOV_VPP
System OVP Debounce Time
VUV_VPP
System UVP Threshold Voltage
7.5
8.0
8.5
V
VUV_VPP_RLS
System UVP Release Voltage
8.5
9.0
9.5
V
VUV_VOUT
VOUT UVP Threshold Voltage
VUV_VOUT_RLS
100
VOUT UVP Release Voltage
VOV_MOTOR
Motor Drive Voltage OVP Threshold
Voltage
VRL_MOTOR
Motor Drive Voltage OVP Release
Voltage
4.3
µs
4
V
4.5
V
4.5
4.8
4.0
V
V
Over-Temperature Protection (OTP) Section
VRT
OTP Threshold Voltage
0.9
1.0
1.1
V
VRT_RLS
OTP Release Voltage
1.15
1.20
1.25
V
IRT
RT Pin Source Current
40
50
60
µA
Pin Open / Short Protection Section
VSHORT
Pin Short Protection Level
R_CLK Pin
VOPEN
Pin Open Protection Level
R_CLK and RT Pins
© 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.2
0.2
4.6
4.8
V
5.2
V
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7
FCM8202 — 3-Phase Sinusoidal Brushless DC Motor Controller
Electrical Characteristics (Continued)
Figure 5. PWM-Full Duty Voltage (VFD)
vs. Temperature
Figure 6. PWM Zero-Duty Voltage (VZD)
vs. Temperature
Figure 7. PWM Frequency 20 kHz (fPWM_20K)
vs. Temperature
Figure 8. PWM Dead Time 3 µs (tDEAD0)
vs. Temperature
Figure 9. OPO Current Source (ISOURCE_OPO)
vs. Temperature
Figure 10. OPO Current Sink (ISINK_OPO)
vs. Temperature
© 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.2
www.fairchildsemi.com
8
FCM8202 — 3-Phase Sinusoidal Brushless DC Motor Controller
Typical Performance Characteristics
Figure 11.
I_IN Bias Current (IBIAS_I_IN)
vs. Temperature
Figure 12. RT Current Source (IRT)
vs. Temperature
OTP Threshold Voltage (VRT)
vs. Temperature
Figure 14. Motor OVP Threshold Voltage
(VOV_MOTOR) vs. Temperature
Figure 15. VPP Turn-On Threshold Voltage
(VPP_ON) vs. Temperature
Figure 16. VPP Turn-Off Threshold Voltage
(VPP_OFF) vs. Temperature
Figure 13.
© 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.2
FCM8202 — Sine Wave Drive Brushless DC Motor Controller Design Specification
Typical Performance Characteristics (Continued)
www.fairchildsemi.com
9
Power Management and Regulator
HALL Signals Input
FCM8202 can operate in a wide input voltage (VPP)
range from 10 V to 17.5 V. The VOUT pin is the output
terminal of an internal voltage regulator. The typical
output voltage range is between 5.0 V to 5.2 V. To
stabilize the VOUT circuit, an external capacitor must be
connected closely between this terminal and the ground.
If the VPP voltage is lower than the 8 V threshold, the
FCM8202 is shut down and the internal registers are
reset.
FCM8202 provides a 3 ~ 6 µs debounce time for each
Hall signal input to reduce the glitch of the Hall signals.
When the transition of the Hall signal is slow, a glitch
might be produced and an error follow. Through a builtin Hall signal debounce circuit, FCM8202 minimizes the
risk of the glitches and related errors.
PWM Duty Cycle and Operation
The PWM duty is proportional to the voltage levels on
the OPO pin and DUTY pin. A FREE/nST pin is utilized
to enable the PWM signals. When FREE/nST pin is set
as logic HIGH, the PWM state is in Free Mode and all
PWM outputs (U, V, W, X, Y, Z pins) are logic LOW.
Once the FREE/nST pin goes logic LOW, the FCM8202
starts operating the PWM.
Clock Generator
FCM8202 comes with a programmable oscillator. Being
determined by an externally added resistor, the system
clock, R_CLK, can be programmed from 960 kHz to
1920 kHz. The switching frequency of the PWM signal is
equal to 1/64 (divided by 64) of the system clock.
Therefore, when the system clock is configured as
960 kHz, PWM is 960 kHz / 64 = 15 kHz. Similarly, if a
20 kHz PWM is intended, the system clock should be
set as 1.28 MHz.
Sine-Wave Generator
FCM8202 includes space vector modulation (SVM) for
the sine-wave PWM. An angle-detect circuit phase-locks
the rotor position using the Hall signals of the motor.
The resolution is 32 steps per 60°. Through the PWM
operation, the motor current of each phase is sine-wave.
The angle shift between each phase is 120°.
PWM Commutation
FCM8202 supports both square-wave PWM and sinewave PWM for the BLDC motor control. The controller
comes with the Hall-sensor design used to align the
rotor position of the motor. For Square-Wave Mode, the
PWM output commutation is shown at Table 1.
Table 1. Square Wave Commutation
CW
Hall
Hall
U-V-W
X-Y-Z
X
000
0
0-0-0
0-0-0
X
111
7
0-0-0
0-0-0
1
001
1
P-0-0
Pb-1-0
1
011
3
0-0-P
0-1-Pb
1
010
2
0-0-P
1-0-Pb
1
110
6
0-P-0
1-Pb-0
1
100
4
0-P-0
0-Pb-1
1
101
5
P-0-0
Pb-0-1
0
101
5
0-0-P
1-0-Pb
0
100
4
0-0-P
0-1-Pb
0
110
6
P-0-0
Pb-1-0
0
010
2
P-0-0
Pb-0-1
0
011
3
0-P-0
0-Pb-1
0
001
1
0-P-0
1-Pb-0
FCM8202 — Sine Wave Drive Brushless DC Motor Controller Design Specification
Functional Description
Figure 17. Sine-Wave Output at CW = 1
Note:
1. P = PWM, Pb = PWM inverse.
2. X = don’t care.
© 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.2
www.fairchildsemi.com
10
FCM8202 provides three levels of over-current
protection (OCP). The first level is 1.4 V, is used for
overload current protection with the OCP timer delay. If
the I_IN is higher than 1.4 V, the OC timer is triggered.
The OC_Latch is enabled once the timer is exceeds its
time-out limit. The second level is 1.5 V, used for the
cycle-by-cycle current limit. The PWM signal is turned
off immediately when the I_IN is > 1.5 V. The third level
is 2.5 V, designed for short-circuit protection. If the I_IN
is > 2.5 V for over three PWM pulses, all PWM outputs
(U, V, W, X, Y, Z pins) are turned off.
Figure 18. Sine-Wave Output at CW = 0
Current Feedback and Protections
The current feedback circuit performs two major
functions: (1) for generating a current feedback signal
for the motor control (2) for the over-current protection.
The I_IN pin outputs 50 µA current to provide a DC bias
on the I_IN terminal to prevent a negative voltage.
Equation 1 shows the I_FB and the I_IN. A 0.5 V DC
bias on I_IN is recommended. The maximum average
current signal is 1 V. By using these parameters, the
maximum I_FB signal swing is 0.5 V ~ 4.5 V.
VI _ FB = (VS × 8) + ( I BIAS _ I _ IN × RBIAS )
(1)
Protections and Faults
Table 2. Faults Table
Type
State
Trigger
Release
VPP OV
Free
VPP > 18 V
VPP < 17 V
VPP UV
Free, Reset
VPP < 8 V
VPP > 9 V
VOUT UV
Free
VOUT < 4 V
VOUT > 4.5 V
RT
Free
RT < 1.0 V
RT > 1.2 V
FREE/nST
OS
Free
Open and Short
Hall Error
Free
Hall = 000 or 111
HOVP
Free
VSENSE > 4.5 V
VSENSE < 4.0 V
OC_Latch
Free
I_IN > 1.4 V
FREE/nST
SHORT
Free
I_IN > 2.5 V
FREE/nST
© 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.2
FCM8202 — Sine Wave Drive Brushless DC Motor Controller Design Specification
Figure 19. Current Feedback Flow
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11
9.0
7.0
8.70
D
17
24
0.80
A
25
16
B
7.0
8.70
9.0
32
9
8
1
1.80
PIN #1 IDENT
0.20 C A-B D
TOP VIEW
0.45
ALL LEADTIPS
1.45
1.35
LAND PATTERN
RECOMMENDATION
SEE DETAIL A
0.8
C
32X
0.45
0.30
7.1 32X
6.9
SIDE VIEW
0.20
SEATING PLANE
C A-B D
R0.08 MIN
12° TOP & BOTTOM
R0.08-0.20
0.25
NOTES:
A) CONFORMS TO JEDEC MS-026 VARIATION BBA
B) ALL DIMENSIONS IN MILLIMETERS.
C) DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ASME
Y14.5M-1994.
E) DIMENSIONS ARE EXCLUSIVE OF BURRS, MOLD
FLASH, AND TIE BAR PROTRUSIONS.
F) LANDPATTERN STANDARD:
QFP80P900X900X160-32BM.
G) DRAWING FILE NAME: MKT-VBE32AREV2
1.6 MAX
GAGE PLANE
0.75
0.45
FCM8202 — Sine Wave Drive Brushless DC Motor Controller Design Specification
Physical Dimensions
0.20 MIN
0.15
0.05
1.0
DETAIL A
0.10 C
Figure 20. 32-Low-Profile, Quad Flat Pack Package (LQFP)
Package drawings are provided as a service to customers considering Fairchild components. Drawings may change in any manner
without notice. Please note the revision and/or date on the drawing and contact a Fairchild Semiconductor representative to verify or
obtain the most recent revision. Package specifications do not expand the terms of Fairchild’s worldwide terms and conditions, specifically the
warranty therein, which covers Fairchild products.
Always visit Fairchild Semiconductor’s online packaging area for the most recent package drawings:
http://www.fairchildsemi.com/packaging/.
© 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.2
www.fairchildsemi.com
12
FCM8202 — Sine Wave Drive Brushless DC Motor Controller Design Specification
© 2010 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation
FCM8202 • Rev. 1.0.2
www.fairchildsemi.com
13
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