ACST4
Datasheet
4 A - 800 V overvoltage protected AC switch
Features
OUT
G
OUT
COM
COM
G
DPAK
TO-220FPAB
•
•
Triac with overvoltage protection
Low IGT ( 1000 V/μs
TO-220FPAB insulated package:
–
complies with UL standards (File ref : E81734)
–
insulation voltage: 2000 VRMS
•
Benefits:
–
Enables equipment to meet IEC 61000-4-5
–
High off-state reliability with planar technology
–
Needs no external overvoltage protection
–
Reduces the power passive component count
–
High immunity against fast transients described in IEC 61000-4-4 standards
OUT
G
COM
Applications
•
•
AC mains static switching in appliance and industrial control systems
Drive of medium power AC loads such as:
–
Universal drum motor of washing machine
–
Compressor of fridge or air conditioner
Product status link
Description
ACST4
Product summary
IT(RMS)
4A
VDRM/VRRM
800 V
IGT (ACST410)
10 mA
IGT (ACST435)
35 mA
The ACST4 series belongs to the ACS / ACST power switch family. This high
performance device is suited to home appliances or industrial systems and drives
loads up to 4 A.
This ACST4 switch embeds a Triac structure with a high voltage clamping device
to absorb the inductive turn-off energy and withstand line transients such as those
described in the IEC 61000-4-5 standards. The ACST410 needs a low gate current to
be activated (IGT < 10 mA) and still shows a high electrical noise immunity complying
with IEC standards such as IEC 61000-4-4 (fast transient burst test).
DS2762 - Rev 12 - August 2021
For further information contact your local STMicroelectronics sales office.
www.st.com
ACST4
Characteristics
1
Characteristics
Table 1. Absolute ratings (limiting values)
Symbol
IT(RMS)
Parameter
On-state rms current (full sine wave)
Value
TO-220FPAB
Tc = 102 °C
DPAK
Tc = 112 °C
4
DPAK with 0.5 cm copper Tamb = 60 °C
ITSM
I2t
dI/dt
Non repetitive surge peak on-state current
Tj initial = 25 °C, (full cycle sine wave)
A
1
f = 50 Hz
tp = 20 ms
32
f = 60 Hz
tp = 16.7 ms
30
tp = 10 ms
6
A2s
Tj = 125 °C
100
A/μs
I2t for fuse selection
Critical rate of rise on-state current IG = 2 x IGT, tr ≤
100 ns
Unit
f = 120 Hz
A
VPP(1)
Non repetitive line peak pulse voltage(1)
Tj = 25 °C
2
kV
PG(AV)
Average gate power dissipation
Tj = 125 °C
0.1
W
PGM
Peak gate power dissipation (tp = 20 μs)
Tj = 125 °C
10
W
IGM
Peak gate current (tp = 20 μs)
Tj = 125 °C
1.6
A
Tstg
Storage temperature range
-40 to +150
°C
Tj
Operating junction temperature range
-40 to +125
°C
TL
Lead temperature for soldering during 10 s (at 3 mm from plastic case)
260
°C
Insulation rms voltage (60 seconds)
2000
V
Vins
1. according to test described by standard IEC 61000-4-5, see Figure 17 for conditions
Table 2. Electrical characteristics (Tj = 25 °C, unless otherwise specified)
Symbol
IGT (1)
Test conditions
VOUT = 12 V, RL = 33 Ω
I - II - III
VGD
VOUT = VDRM, RL = 3.3 kΩ, Tj = 125 °C
I - II - III
IH(2)
IOUT = 500 mA
VGT
Value
Quadrant
Unit
ACST410
ACST435
Max.
10
35
mA
Max.
1.0
1.1
V
Min.
0.2
V
Max.
20
25
mA
Max.
40
60
mA
VOUT = 67% VDRM, gate open, Tj = 125 °C
Min.
500
1000
V/μs
(dI/dt)c(2)
Without snubber, Tj = 125 °C
Min.
5
A/ms
(dI/dt)c(2)
(dV/dt)c = 15 V/μs, Tj = 125 °C
Min.
ICL = 0.1 mA, tp = 1 ms
Min.
IL
dV/dt(2)
VCL
IG = 1.2 x IGT
I - II - III
2
A/ms
850
V
1. Minimum IGT is guaranteed at 5% of IGT max
2. For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin
DS2762 - Rev 12
page 2/16
ACST4
Characteristics
Table 3. Static characteristics
Symbol
Test conditions
Value
Unit
VTM (1)
IOUT = 5.6 A, tp = 500 μs
Tj = 25 °C
Max.
1.7
V
VT0(1)
Threshold voltage
Tj = 125 °C
Max.
0.9
V
RD(1)
Dynamic resistance
Tj = 125 °C
Max.
110
mΩ
20
µA
0.5
mA
IDRM
IRRM
Tj = 25 °C
VOUT = VDRM/ VRRM
Max.
Tj = 125 °C
1. For both polarities of OUT pin referenced to COM pin
Table 4. Thermal characteristics
Symbol
Rth(j-c)
Rth(j-a)
Parameter
Junction to case for full cycle sine wave conduction
Value
DPAK
2.6
TO-220FPAB
4.6
Junction to ambient
TO-220FPAB
60
Junction to ambient, SCU= 0.5 cm² (1)
DPAK
70
Unit
°C/W
1. SCU = copper surface under tab
DS2762 - Rev 12
page 3/16
ACST4
Characteristics (curves)
1.1
Characteristics (curves)
Figure 1. Maximum power dissipation versus RMS onstate current
Figure 2. On-state RMS current versus case temperature
(full cycle)
IT(RMS ) (A)
P(W)
6
α = 180°
5
180°
α =180°
5
DPAK
4
TO220FPAB
4
3
3
2
2
1
1
0
0.0
TC (°C)
IT(RMS)(A)
0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
Figure 3. On-state RMS current versus ambient
temperature (free air convection, full cycle)
0
25
50
75
100
125
Figure 4. Relative variation of thermal impedance junction
to case versus pulse duration
IT(RMS) (A)
K = [Z th / Rth ]
1.0E+00
2.0
Zth(j-c)
α=180°
TO-220FPAB
DPAK
Zth(j-a)
1.5
DPAK with copper
surface = 0.5 cm2
1.0
1.0E-01
TO-220FPAB
0.5
Tp (s)
Ta(°C)
0.0
0
1.0E-02
25
50
75
100
125
Figure 5. Relative variation of gate trigger current and
gate trigger voltage versus junction temperature (typical
values)
3.0
1.0E-03
1.0E-02
1.0E-01
1.0E+00
1.0E+01
1.0E+02
1.0E+03
Figure 6. Relative variation of holding current and
latching current versus junction temperature (typical
values)
IGT, VGT[T j ] / IGT, VGT[T j = 25 °C]
IH, I L [T j ] / IH, I L [T j = 25 °C]
2.5
IGT Q3
2.5
2.0
IGT Q1-Q2
2.0
1.5
1.5
1.0
1.0
VGT Q 1-Q2-Q3
0.5
IL
0.5
IH
Tj (°C)
0.0
-50
-25
DS2762 - Rev 12
0
25
50
75
100
125
0.0
-50
Tj (°C)
- 25
0
25
50
75
100
125
page 4/16
ACST4
Characteristics (curves)
Figure 7. Surge peak on-state current versus number of
cycles
Figure 8. Non repetitive surge peak on-state current for a
sinusoidal pulse width
ITSM (A)
ITSM(A), (A²s)
35
1000
dl/dt limitation: 100 A / µs
Tj initial = 25 °C
30
t=20ms
25
One cycle
Non repetitive
Tj initial=25 °C
20
100
ITSM
15
10
10
Repetitive
TC=102°C
5
Number of cycles
0
1
10
100
Figure 9. On-state characteristics (maximum values)
t p (ms )
1
0.01
1000
0.10
1.00
10.00
Figure 10. Relative variation of critical rate of decrease of
main current (dI/dt)c versus junction temperature
ITM (A)
(dI/dt) c [T j ] / (dl/dt) c [T j = 125 °C]
100
Tj max:
Vto = 0.90 V
Rd = 110 mΩ
8
7
6
5
10
4
3
2
Tj = 125 °C
Tj = 25 °C
0
1
1
VTM (V)
1
2
3
4
5
Figure 11. Relative variation of static dV/dt immunity
versus junction temperature (gate open)
Tj (°C)
0
25
50
75
100
125
Figure 12. Relative variation of Leakage current versus
junction temperature
IDRM/IRRM [T j ; V DRM / V RRM] / IDRM/IRRM [T j = 125 °C; 800 V]
dV/dt [T j ] / dV/dt [T j = 125 °C]
6
1.0E+00
VD = V R = 536 V
VDRM = VRRM = 800V
5
Different bloc king voltage s
4
1.0E-01
VDRM = VRRM = 600 V
3
2
1.0E-02
VDRM = VRRM = 200 V
1
Tj (°C)
0
25
DS2762 - Rev 12
50
75
100
125
1.0E-03
25
Tj (°C)
50
75
100
125
page 5/16
ACST4
Characteristics (curves)
Figure 13. Relative variation of the clamping voltage
versus junction temperature (minimum values)
1.15
Figure 14. Thermal resistance junction to ambient versus
copper surface under tab (typical values)
VCL[ Tj ] / V CL [T j = 25 °C]
100
Rth(j-a) (°C/W)
DPAK
Epoxy printed circuit board, copper thickness: 35 µm
90
1.10
80
70
1.05
60
1.00
50
40
0.95
30
20
0.90
10
Tj (°C)
0.85
-50
-25
DS2762 - Rev 12
0
25
50
75
100
125
SCu (cm²)
0
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
page 6/16
ACST4
Application information
2
Application information
2.1
Typical application descriptions
The ACST4 device has been designed to control medium power load, such as AC motors in home appliances.
Thanks to its thermal and turn off commutation performances, the ACST4 switch is able to drive an inductive load
up to 4 A with no turn off additional snubber. It also provides high thermal performances in static and transient
modes such as the compressor inrush current or high torque operating conditions of an AC motor. Thanks to its
low gate triggering current level, the ACST4 can be driven directly by an MCU through a simple gate resistor as
shown Figure 15 and Figure 16.
Figure 15. Compressor control – typical diagrams
Compressor
Compressor
AC Mains
AC Mains
2
PTC
Electronic
starter
1
logical circuitry
PTC
ACST
3
ACST
ACST
Run
switch
Electronic
thermostat
ACST
Rg
Power supply
Gate
Driver
Compressor with integrated e-starter
DS2762 - Rev 12
Rg
Power supply
Start
switch
Rg
Gate
Driver
Compressor with external electronic drive
page 7/16
ACST4
Typical application descriptions
Figure 16. Universal drum motor control – typical diagram
Universal motor
Stator
Rotor
12V
AC Mains
Motor direction
setting
MCU
Speed motor
regulation
ACST
Rg
Vcc
DS2762 - Rev 12
MCU
page 8/16
ACST4
AC line transient voltage ruggedness
2.2
AC line transient voltage ruggedness
In comparison with standard Triacs, which are not robust against surge voltage, the ACST4 is self-protected
against over-voltage, specified by the new parameter VCL. The ACST4 switch can safely withstand AC line
transient voltages either by clamping the low energy spikes, such as inductive spikes at switch off, or by switching
to the on state (for less than 10 ms) to dissipate higher energy shocks through the load. This safety feature works
even with high turn-on current ramp up.
The test circuit of represents the ACST4 application, and is used to stress the ACST switch according to the
IEC 61000-4-5 standard conditions. With the additional effect of the load which is limiting the current, the ACST
switch withstands the voltage spikes up to 2 kV on top of the peak line voltage. The protection is based on an
overvoltage crowbar technology. The ACST4 folds back safely to the on state as shown in . The ACST4 recovers
its blocking voltage capability after the surge and the next zero current crossing.
Such a non repetitive test can be done at least 10 times on each AC line voltage polarity.
Figure 17. Overvoltage ruggedness test circuit for resistive and inductive loads for IEC 61000-4-5
standards
R = 23 Ω, L = 2 µH, Vsurge = 2 kV
Rg = 220 Ω (ACST410-8), 68 Ω (ACST435-8)
Surge generator
2kV surge
Rgene
Model of the load
Filtering unit
R
L
ACST4
AC Mains
Rg
Figure 18. Typical voltage and current waveforms across the ACST4 during IEC 61000-4-5 standard test
Vpeak = V CL
1.2/50 µs voltage surge
V
0
Ipeak = 90 A
I
8/20 µs current surge
0
dI/dt = 130 A/µs
DS2762 - Rev 12
page 9/16
ACST4
Package information
3
Package information
In order to meet environmental requirements, ST offers these devices in different grades of ECOPACK packages,
depending on their level of environmental compliance. ECOPACK specifications, grade definitions and product
status are available at: www.st.com. ECOPACK is an ST trademark.
3.1
TO-220FPAB package information
•
•
Epoxy meets UL94, V0
Recommended torque: 0.4 to 0.6 N·m
Figure 19. TO-220FPAB package outline
DS2762 - Rev 12
page 10/16
ACST4
TO-220FPAB package information
Table 5. TO-220FPAB package mechanical data
Dimensions
Millimeters
Ref.
Min.
Max.
Min.
Max.
A
4.40
4.60
0.1739
0.1818
B
2.5
2.7
0.0988
0.1067
D
2.50
2.75
0.0988
0.1087
E
0.45
0.70
0.0178
0.0277
F
0.75
1.0
0.0296
0.0395
F1
1.15
1.70
0.0455
0.0672
F2
1.15
1.70
0.0455
0.0672
G
4.95
5.20
0.1957
0.2055
G1
2.40
2.70
0.0949
0.1067
H
10.00
10.40
0.3953
0.4111
L2
DS2762 - Rev 12
Inches
16.00 typ.
0.6324 typ.
L3
28.60
30.60
1.1304
1.2095
L4
9.80
10.6
0.3874
0.4190
L5
2.90
3.60
0.1146
0.1423
L6
15.90
16.40
0.6285
0.6482
L7
9.00
9.30
0.3557
0.3676
Dia
3.0
3.20
0.1186
0.1265
page 11/16
ACST4
DPAK package information
3.2
DPAK package information
•
•
Molding compouned resin is halogen free and meets UL94 flammability standard, level V0
Lead-free package leads plating
A
Figure 20. DPAK package outline
E
b4
H
D
D1
L2
c2
e
L4
A1
b
E1
c
e1
A2
V2
L
DS2762 - Rev 12
page 12/16
ACST4
DPAK package information
Table 6. DPAK package mechanical data
Dimensions
Inches(1)
Millimeters
Ref.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
Min.
Typ.
Max.
A
2.18
2.40
0.0858
0.0945
A1
0.90
1.10
0.0354
0.0433
A2
0.03
0.23
0.0012
0.0091
b
0.64
0.90
0.0252
0.354
b4
4.95
5.46
0.1949
0.2150
c
0.46
0.61
0.0181
0.0240
c2
0.46
0.60
0.0181
0.0236
D
5.97
6.22
0.2350
0.2449
D1
4.95
5.60
0.1949
0.2205
E
6.35
6.73
0.2500
0.2650
E1
4.32
5.50
0.1701
0.2165
e
2.286
0.0900
e1
4.40
4.70
0.1732
0.1850
H
9.35
10.40
0.3681
0.4094
L
1.00
1.78
0.0394
0.0701
L2
1.27
0.0500
L4
0.60
1.02
0.0236
0.0402
V2(2)
-8°
+8°
-8°
+8°
1. Dimensions in inches are given for reference only
2. Degree
Note:
This package drawing may slightly differ from the physical package. However, all the specified dimensions are
guaranteed.
Figure 21. DPAK recommended footprint (dimensions are in mm)
12.7
6.7
3.0
3.0
4.572
6.7
B
The device must be positioned within
DS2762 - Rev 12
A
1.6
0.05 A B
page 13/16
ACST4
Ordering information
4
Ordering information
Figure 22. Ordering information scheme
ACS T 4 10 - 8
B TR
AC switch
Topology
T = Triac
On-state RMS current
4=4A
Triggering gate current
10 = 10 mA
35 = 35 mA
Repetitive peak off-state voltage
8 = 800V
Package
B = DPAK
FP = TO-220FPAB
Delivery mode
TR = Tape and reel
Blank = Tube
Table 7. Ordering information
Order code
Marking
ACST410-8B
ACST410-8BTR
DPAK
ACST4108
ACST410-8FP
ACST435-8FP
DS2762 - Rev 12
DPAK
TO-220FPAB
ACST435-8B
ACST435-8BTR
Package
DPAK
ACST4358
DPAK
TO-220FPAB
Weight
1.5 g
2.4 g
1.5 g
2.4 g
Base qty.
Packing mode
50
Tube
2500
Tape and reel
50
Tube
50
Tube
2500
Tape and reel
50
Tube
page 14/16
ACST4
Revision history
Table 8. Document revision history
DS2762 - Rev 12
Date
Version
Changes
Jan-2003
3A
04-Jul-2007
4
Reformatted to current standard. Added package.
18-Dec-2009
5
VDRM/VRRM updated to 800 V. Order codes updated.
02-Jun-2014
6
Updated DPAK package information and reformatted to current standard.
21-Oct-2014
7
Updated Table 2, Table 3,Table 4, Features and Description.
18-May-2017
8
Updated Features in cover page, Table 2 and Figure 14.
19-Dec-2019
9
Update DPAK package information.
Previous update.
03-Sep-2020
10
Updated Table 7. Ordering information .
12-May-2021
11
Updated Features.
03-Aug-2021
12
Updated Table 7.
page 15/16
ACST4
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DS2762 - Rev 12
page 16/16